The article presents a narrative and structural analysis of texts from the collection of the Stat... more The article presents a narrative and structural analysis of texts from the collection of the State Archive of the Smolensk region reflecting folk beliefs about cult trees. These records can be regarded as “historical” narratives in which trees, being objects of folk veneration (ritual practices aimed at healing) and superstition (“treasure under a tree” legend), are at the same time associated with historical or quasi-historical events (adventures of local robbers, the 1812 Patriotic War). Stories about unusual trees demonstrate a close connection with the mythology of space, and the natural objects themselves are peculiar markers for the collective memory, conveying knowledge about the past with reliance on the local landscape.
A special role in any etiological plot is assigned to the final episode, which sums up the proces... more A special role in any etiological plot is assigned to the final episode, which sums up the process of creation or transformation of a natural or cultural object. Accordingly, the endings acquire a special role in the structure of etiological texts. The function of endings is to present the result of the creative process as vividly, convincingly and cogently as possible, to answer the question about the properties, qualities or purpose of any element of the surrounding reality and record the “fact of etiology.” This article presents an analysis of the structure and functions of “speech endings” (i.e. final episodes expressed by direct speech of characters) in etiological texts. The material comprises the legends of the Eastern Slavs recorded in the 19th — 21st centuries and extracted from published and archival sources. In the structure of the etiological plot, “speech ending” sums up the plot (records the creation or transformation of an object) and at the same time marks the beginn...
The article describes the adaptation of the apocryphal Gospels motif—the revival of clay birds by... more The article describes the adaptation of the apocryphal Gospels motif—the revival of clay birds by Jesus—in the folk traditions of Eastern and Western Slavs. The texts of folk legends demonstrate not only the active inclusion of apocryphal motifs in oral narratives, but they also incorporate the motifs’ biblical contexts and they emphasize themes that are close to everyday life and that reflect local history. The folklore texts analyzed here are from different regions of the Slavic world (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Poland); they allow us to conclude that the oral tradition has retained, with great stability, these fragments from medieval sources up to the present day. Moreover, it is interesting to note the different interpretations of the same motif in monuments of Christian and Jewish literature (apocryphal Gospels and the pamphlet Toledot Yeshu). The fairly large group of folk legends with apocryphal motifs, occurring in different Slavic traditions from the 19th to the 21st cen...
The publication considers the main motifs of evidences about the so-called Kalinovka miracle that... more The publication considers the main motifs of evidences about the so-called Kalinovka miracle that took place in the summer of 1923 in Ukraine (Podolia province). Analyzing folk stories about the “Kalinovka miracle” that are contemporary to the event, one can show how the evidences of miracles that occurred around the Kalinovsky cross correlate with the traditional plot schemes of folk legends about sacred objects and with ritual practices that arise and develop around venerated holy places. As it is shown in the legends, memorates, and folklore texts of other genres that were popular in 1923, the fact of the “Kalinovka miracle” became significant for society in the context of other phenomena, including rumors generated by the renewal of sacred objects or the general level of religious sentiment in that period of time. The influence of subjects related to the “Kalinovka miracle” not only on the folklore tradition of Podolia and Volyn’, but also on the traditions of other regions of U...
Prace Etnograficzne 2015, tom 43, z. 4, s. 259–270, 2015
The paper presents some results of the study of the image of the Jewish town (shtetl), as it appe... more The paper presents some results of the study of the image of the Jewish town (shtetl), as it appears in the oral tales of the non-Jewish locals. The presentation is based on the folklore and ethnographic data collected in 2012 during the field research in Western Belarus and in Bessarabia. The oral stories of local old residents from the settlement Zheludok (Grodno region, Belarus) and the village Vertiujeni(Floreshti district, Republic of Moldova) will be analyzed to show the mechanism of "Jewish history" reconstruction of former Jewish settlements where the Jewish population is now missing. The only evidence of Jewish heritage are the monuments of material culture (houses, synagogue, Jewish cemetery), and the only source of information - the memories of local residents about their neighbors - the Jews. As the collected material shows, the text about the “Jewish past” broadcasting by and among the non-Jews, combines ethnographic details and myth-making, and largely reflec...
Le corps d'autrui se prete mieux a l'analyse que son propre corps, qui est pose a priori.... more Le corps d'autrui se prete mieux a l'analyse que son propre corps, qui est pose a priori. L'etranger est decrit comme une deviation, or la norme ne peut etre reconstituee que par deduction. On attribue a l'autre des traits communs avec le monde animal : poils, queue, sabots, et certaines anomalies, comme membres manquants ou en surnombre.
The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations... more The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations addressed to or attributed to the “other” (ethnic, religious) tradition are formed in the Slavic folk culture, and what cultural stereotypes affect the form and content of the prescriptive texts originating and existing in a multi-confessional cultural environment and in the cultural borderlands. We are interested in prohibitions and regulations in the context of folk legends that explain their appearance, and in connection with beliefs that play the role of a kind of fixator of certain prescriptive norms. In the etiological texts (legends, fairy tales) containing the interpretation of the ban / prescription, in addition to the motivation of the described ban / prescription (why something is prohibited or allowed), there may be a reference to the precedent, i.e. the etiology itself (what exactly was the reason, the impetus, the primary source of the ban / prescription).
The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations... more The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations addressed to or attributed to the “other” (ethnic, religious) tradition are formed in the Slavic folk culture, and what cultural stereotypes affect the form and content of the prescriptive texts originating and existing in a multi-confessional cultural environment and in the cultural borderlands. We are interested in prohibitions and regulations in the context of folk legends that explain their appearance, and in connection with beliefs that play the role of a kind of fixator of certain prescriptive norms. In the etiological texts (legends, fairy tales) containing the interpretation of the ban / prescription, in addition to the motivation of the described ban / prescription (why something is prohibited or allowed), there may be a reference to the precedent, i.e. the etiology itself (what exactly was the reason, the impetus, the primary source of the ban / prescription).
Slavica Slovaca, 55, 2020, No 3, pp. 346-358, 2021
The article is devoted to the ethnolinguistic analysis of memorial inscriptions on memorial and v... more The article is devoted to the ethnolinguistic analysis of memorial inscriptions on memorial and votive crosses, tombstones and monuments surveyed during field research in Podlasie province (Hajnówka and Bielsk regions) in 2017– 2020 where the Belarusian population lives compactly.
О. в. Белова М. в. ясинская институт славяноведения Ран москва, Россия АНтРОПОНИМИя И тОПОНИМИя в... more О. в. Белова М. в. ясинская институт славяноведения Ран москва, Россия АНтРОПОНИМИя И тОПОНИМИя в МЕМОРИАЛьНОй ЭПИГРАфИкЕ ПОДЛяшья* статья посвящена анализу антропонимов и топонимов на надгробиях некрополей, обследованных в ходе экспедиций на территории подляшского воеводства (Гайновский повет) в 2017-2020 гг., в местах компактного проживания православного восточнославян-ского населения. Эпиграфические надписи, выполненные кириллицей, не только пере-дают локальные диалектные особенности, отражающие специфику восточно славянской языковой культуры на польско-восточнославянском пограничье, но также служат кон-фессиональным маркером, важным для самоидентификации православного населения данного региона. надгробные надписи могут выступать как свидетельства взаимодействия белорусской, украинской, русской (церковнославянской) и польской языковых традиций. особенности графики (кириллица) и орфографии при передаче личных имен, фамилий и топонимов на надгробиях свидетельствуют не только об этноконфессиональных и эт-ноязыковых контактах, но и отражают живое произношение, запечатленное в письменной форме. авторы исходят из того, что антропоним-это стержневой компонент эпитафии, и, анализируя конкретные примеры, ставят целью разрешение следующих вопросов.
The article presents a narrative and structural analysis of texts from the collection of the Stat... more The article presents a narrative and structural analysis of texts from the collection of the State Archive of the Smolensk region reflecting folk beliefs about cult trees. These records can be regarded as “historical” narratives in which trees, being objects of folk veneration (ritual practices aimed at healing) and superstition (“treasure under a tree” legend), are at the same time associated with historical or quasi-historical events (adventures of local robbers, the 1812 Patriotic War). Stories about unusual trees demonstrate a close connection with the mythology of space, and the natural objects themselves are peculiar markers for the collective memory, conveying knowledge about the past with reliance on the local landscape.
A special role in any etiological plot is assigned to the final episode, which sums up the proces... more A special role in any etiological plot is assigned to the final episode, which sums up the process of creation or transformation of a natural or cultural object. Accordingly, the endings acquire a special role in the structure of etiological texts. The function of endings is to present the result of the creative process as vividly, convincingly and cogently as possible, to answer the question about the properties, qualities or purpose of any element of the surrounding reality and record the “fact of etiology.” This article presents an analysis of the structure and functions of “speech endings” (i.e. final episodes expressed by direct speech of characters) in etiological texts. The material comprises the legends of the Eastern Slavs recorded in the 19th — 21st centuries and extracted from published and archival sources. In the structure of the etiological plot, “speech ending” sums up the plot (records the creation or transformation of an object) and at the same time marks the beginn...
The article describes the adaptation of the apocryphal Gospels motif—the revival of clay birds by... more The article describes the adaptation of the apocryphal Gospels motif—the revival of clay birds by Jesus—in the folk traditions of Eastern and Western Slavs. The texts of folk legends demonstrate not only the active inclusion of apocryphal motifs in oral narratives, but they also incorporate the motifs’ biblical contexts and they emphasize themes that are close to everyday life and that reflect local history. The folklore texts analyzed here are from different regions of the Slavic world (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Poland); they allow us to conclude that the oral tradition has retained, with great stability, these fragments from medieval sources up to the present day. Moreover, it is interesting to note the different interpretations of the same motif in monuments of Christian and Jewish literature (apocryphal Gospels and the pamphlet Toledot Yeshu). The fairly large group of folk legends with apocryphal motifs, occurring in different Slavic traditions from the 19th to the 21st cen...
The publication considers the main motifs of evidences about the so-called Kalinovka miracle that... more The publication considers the main motifs of evidences about the so-called Kalinovka miracle that took place in the summer of 1923 in Ukraine (Podolia province). Analyzing folk stories about the “Kalinovka miracle” that are contemporary to the event, one can show how the evidences of miracles that occurred around the Kalinovsky cross correlate with the traditional plot schemes of folk legends about sacred objects and with ritual practices that arise and develop around venerated holy places. As it is shown in the legends, memorates, and folklore texts of other genres that were popular in 1923, the fact of the “Kalinovka miracle” became significant for society in the context of other phenomena, including rumors generated by the renewal of sacred objects or the general level of religious sentiment in that period of time. The influence of subjects related to the “Kalinovka miracle” not only on the folklore tradition of Podolia and Volyn’, but also on the traditions of other regions of U...
Prace Etnograficzne 2015, tom 43, z. 4, s. 259–270, 2015
The paper presents some results of the study of the image of the Jewish town (shtetl), as it appe... more The paper presents some results of the study of the image of the Jewish town (shtetl), as it appears in the oral tales of the non-Jewish locals. The presentation is based on the folklore and ethnographic data collected in 2012 during the field research in Western Belarus and in Bessarabia. The oral stories of local old residents from the settlement Zheludok (Grodno region, Belarus) and the village Vertiujeni(Floreshti district, Republic of Moldova) will be analyzed to show the mechanism of "Jewish history" reconstruction of former Jewish settlements where the Jewish population is now missing. The only evidence of Jewish heritage are the monuments of material culture (houses, synagogue, Jewish cemetery), and the only source of information - the memories of local residents about their neighbors - the Jews. As the collected material shows, the text about the “Jewish past” broadcasting by and among the non-Jews, combines ethnographic details and myth-making, and largely reflec...
Le corps d'autrui se prete mieux a l'analyse que son propre corps, qui est pose a priori.... more Le corps d'autrui se prete mieux a l'analyse que son propre corps, qui est pose a priori. L'etranger est decrit comme une deviation, or la norme ne peut etre reconstituee que par deduction. On attribue a l'autre des traits communs avec le monde animal : poils, queue, sabots, et certaines anomalies, comme membres manquants ou en surnombre.
The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations... more The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations addressed to or attributed to the “other” (ethnic, religious) tradition are formed in the Slavic folk culture, and what cultural stereotypes affect the form and content of the prescriptive texts originating and existing in a multi-confessional cultural environment and in the cultural borderlands. We are interested in prohibitions and regulations in the context of folk legends that explain their appearance, and in connection with beliefs that play the role of a kind of fixator of certain prescriptive norms. In the etiological texts (legends, fairy tales) containing the interpretation of the ban / prescription, in addition to the motivation of the described ban / prescription (why something is prohibited or allowed), there may be a reference to the precedent, i.e. the etiology itself (what exactly was the reason, the impetus, the primary source of the ban / prescription).
The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations... more The author's task is to formulate some general statements on how prohibitions and regulations addressed to or attributed to the “other” (ethnic, religious) tradition are formed in the Slavic folk culture, and what cultural stereotypes affect the form and content of the prescriptive texts originating and existing in a multi-confessional cultural environment and in the cultural borderlands. We are interested in prohibitions and regulations in the context of folk legends that explain their appearance, and in connection with beliefs that play the role of a kind of fixator of certain prescriptive norms. In the etiological texts (legends, fairy tales) containing the interpretation of the ban / prescription, in addition to the motivation of the described ban / prescription (why something is prohibited or allowed), there may be a reference to the precedent, i.e. the etiology itself (what exactly was the reason, the impetus, the primary source of the ban / prescription).
Slavica Slovaca, 55, 2020, No 3, pp. 346-358, 2021
The article is devoted to the ethnolinguistic analysis of memorial inscriptions on memorial and v... more The article is devoted to the ethnolinguistic analysis of memorial inscriptions on memorial and votive crosses, tombstones and monuments surveyed during field research in Podlasie province (Hajnówka and Bielsk regions) in 2017– 2020 where the Belarusian population lives compactly.
О. в. Белова М. в. ясинская институт славяноведения Ран москва, Россия АНтРОПОНИМИя И тОПОНИМИя в... more О. в. Белова М. в. ясинская институт славяноведения Ран москва, Россия АНтРОПОНИМИя И тОПОНИМИя в МЕМОРИАЛьНОй ЭПИГРАфИкЕ ПОДЛяшья* статья посвящена анализу антропонимов и топонимов на надгробиях некрополей, обследованных в ходе экспедиций на территории подляшского воеводства (Гайновский повет) в 2017-2020 гг., в местах компактного проживания православного восточнославян-ского населения. Эпиграфические надписи, выполненные кириллицей, не только пере-дают локальные диалектные особенности, отражающие специфику восточно славянской языковой культуры на польско-восточнославянском пограничье, но также служат кон-фессиональным маркером, важным для самоидентификации православного населения данного региона. надгробные надписи могут выступать как свидетельства взаимодействия белорусской, украинской, русской (церковнославянской) и польской языковых традиций. особенности графики (кириллица) и орфографии при передаче личных имен, фамилий и топонимов на надгробиях свидетельствуют не только об этноконфессиональных и эт-ноязыковых контактах, но и отражают живое произношение, запечатленное в письменной форме. авторы исходят из того, что антропоним-это стержневой компонент эпитафии, и, анализируя конкретные примеры, ставят целью разрешение следующих вопросов.
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Papers by Olga Belova
tombstones and monuments surveyed during field research in Podlasie province (Hajnówka and Bielsk regions) in 2017–
2020 where the Belarusian population lives compactly.
tombstones and monuments surveyed during field research in Podlasie province (Hajnówka and Bielsk regions) in 2017–
2020 where the Belarusian population lives compactly.