Reconstruction of the summer (December–February) temperature of the southern part of the South Am... more Reconstruction of the summer (December–February) temperature of the southern part of the South American continent was studied in the time interval 900–1995. Significant temporal variations with periods of ca 520 years, ca 220 years, and 90–150 years have been found. Since bicentennial and century-type climatic oscillations can be a manifestation of the respective solar cycles of Suess and Gleissberg, the correlation between the corresponding climatic and solar periodicities was investigated. Data on the concentration of cosmogenic beryllium in the ice of the South Pole, solar modulation potential, and total solar irradiance, reconstructed using cosmogenic isotopes, were used as indicators of activity of the Sun. It turned out that there was no correlation between bicentennial and century-long variations in solar activity and temperature in the southern part of the South American continent. On the other hand, a fairly significant (c.l. 0.92–0.94) correlation between the multi-centenn...
Three proxy records of Southern Fennoscandia climate variability were analyzed. It was found that... more Three proxy records of Southern Fennoscandia climate variability were analyzed. It was found that their decadal variations correlate significantly (p=0.961-0.993) with a quasi 11-year solar cycle of Schwabe during AD 1706-1990. But two proxy records have significant decadal correlation with the index of summer North-Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO) as well. Taking into account that decadal periodicity in the SNAO index also has some correlation with the solar cycle of Schwabe, the revealed relations could be a result of influence of solar activity on the Southern Fennoscandian climate realizing by the complicated way. Possible causes of such complexity are discussed.
Twenty paleoreconstructions of the Sun’s activity, obtained using the data on both cosmogenic iso... more Twenty paleoreconstructions of the Sun’s activity, obtained using the data on both cosmogenic isotopes and auroral records, are generalized over a time interval 1402-1850. Final reconstruction of sunspot number is obtained by means of normalization of the generalized record by the instrumentally measured seriesSN. Comparison of average levels of solar activity during the periods of solar minima of Spoerer (1415-1545), Maunder (1645-1715) and Daltona (1792-1827) is made. Discussion of the results is presented.
The data on the content of the 14C cosmogenic isotope in the natural archives make it possible to... more The data on the content of the 14C cosmogenic isotope in the natural archives make it possible to study the solar activity (SA) in the past centuries and millennia. However, the 14C content in the natural archives is influenced not only by the intensity of incoming galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), which are modulated by the interplanetary magnetic field and vary according to SA variations; changes in the geomagnetic field and in the Earth’s climate also affect radiocarbon data. In particular, climate variation leads to the redistribution of radiocarbon between natural reservoirs. In the 19th century, increased anthropogenic activity was also reflected in radiocarbon data. This article presents the results of the reconstruction of the rate of 14C production under the influence of GCRs with allowance for the above factors. It is shown that the rate of radiocarbon release from the deep ocean into the surface layer and the atmosphere has increased since the second quarter of the 19th century. Apparently, this process is natural.
Fifteen proxy records of summer temperature in Fennoscandia, Northern Europe and in Yamal and Tay... more Fifteen proxy records of summer temperature in Fennoscandia, Northern Europe and in Yamal and Taymir Peninsulas (Western Siberia) were analyzed for the AD 1700–2000 period. Century-long (70–100 year) and quasi bi-decadal periodicities were found from proxy records representing different parts of Fennoscandia. Decadal variation was revealed in a smaller number of records. Statistically significant correlations were revealed between the timescale-dependent components of temperature variability and solar cycles of Schwabe (~11 year), Hale (~22 year), and Gleissberg (сentury-long) as recorded in solar activity data. Combining the results from our correlation analysis with the evidence of solar-climatic linkages over the Northern Fennoscandia obtained over the past 20 years suggest that there are two possible explanations for the obtained solar-proxy relations: (a) the Sun’s activity actually influences the climate variability in Northern Fennoscandia and in some regions of the Northern ...
Abstract The stratospheric polar vortex is one of the most important connecting links between sol... more Abstract The stratospheric polar vortex is one of the most important connecting links between solar activity and circulation of the lower atmosphere at extratropical latitudes. In this work, the changes in the vortex intensity (western wind velocity in the high latitude stratosphere) are studied in relation to various phenomena caused by solar activity. A significant increase in wind velocity was detected at all stratospheric levels during the powerful solar proton events of January 15–20, 2005. It has been shown that auroral activity may also contribute to the intensification of the polar vortex on a daily time scale. On a multidecadal time scale, geomagnetic activity is one of possible factors of the polar vortex intensity. A significant strengthening of the vortex during the period of increased occurrence of magnetic storms with gradual commencements (~1980–2000) and a weakening during a decrease of occurrence of these storms (~1950–1980) were detected. The results of the study confirmed an important role of the stratospheric polar vortex in the mechanism of solar influence on the Earth’s atmosphere.
ABSTRACT Possible reasons for the temporal variability of solar activity (SA) and galactic cosmic... more ABSTRACT Possible reasons for the temporal variability of solar activity (SA) and galactic cosmic ray (GCR) effects on the tropospheric circulation are studied. Long-term variations in the amplitude and sign of SA/GCR effects are shown to be closely related to the state of the stratospheric circumpolar vortex. A ∼60-year periodicity was detected the vortex strength which affects the evolution of the large-scale atmospheric circulation. It is shown that the correlation coefficients between pressure in the troposphere and SA/GCR characteristics change the sign in the periods of transformations of the large-scale circulation caused by changes in the state of the vortex. The obtained results suggest an important part of the circumpolar vortex in the mechanism of solar-climate links.
ABSTRACT This article considers the process of entry of cosmic substance into the Earth’s atmosph... more ABSTRACT This article considers the process of entry of cosmic substance into the Earth’s atmosphere and the further evolution of the formed extraterrestrial aerosol. It is shown that meteorite-derived aerosol generated in the atmosphere may affect the Earth’s climate in two ways: (a) particles of meteoric haze may serve as condensation nuclei in the troposphere and stratosphere; (b) charged meteor particles residing in the mesosphere may markedly change (by a few percent) the total atmospheric resistance and, thereby, affect the global current circuit. Changes in the global electric circuit, in turn, may influence cloud formation processes. The obtained results argue for the fact that the meteoric dust in the Earth’s atmosphere is potentially one of the important climate-forming agents. It is shown that the amount of interstellar dust in the Earth’s atmosphere is too small to have a considerable affect on atmospheric processes.
Relationship between solar activity and global and regional climate was analysed over a long (up ... more Relationship between solar activity and global and regional climate was analysed over a long (up to millennium and longer) time scale using both direct and proxy data. Modern annual temperature proxies, based on tree-ring widths, were used in analysis. These records cover time intervals up to a millennium and longer. he data on cosmogenic isotopes (14C, 10Be) and historic chronicles
Reconstruction of the summer (December–February) temperature of the southern part of the South Am... more Reconstruction of the summer (December–February) temperature of the southern part of the South American continent was studied in the time interval 900–1995. Significant temporal variations with periods of ca 520 years, ca 220 years, and 90–150 years have been found. Since bicentennial and century-type climatic oscillations can be a manifestation of the respective solar cycles of Suess and Gleissberg, the correlation between the corresponding climatic and solar periodicities was investigated. Data on the concentration of cosmogenic beryllium in the ice of the South Pole, solar modulation potential, and total solar irradiance, reconstructed using cosmogenic isotopes, were used as indicators of activity of the Sun. It turned out that there was no correlation between bicentennial and century-long variations in solar activity and temperature in the southern part of the South American continent. On the other hand, a fairly significant (c.l. 0.92–0.94) correlation between the multi-centenn...
Three proxy records of Southern Fennoscandia climate variability were analyzed. It was found that... more Three proxy records of Southern Fennoscandia climate variability were analyzed. It was found that their decadal variations correlate significantly (p=0.961-0.993) with a quasi 11-year solar cycle of Schwabe during AD 1706-1990. But two proxy records have significant decadal correlation with the index of summer North-Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO) as well. Taking into account that decadal periodicity in the SNAO index also has some correlation with the solar cycle of Schwabe, the revealed relations could be a result of influence of solar activity on the Southern Fennoscandian climate realizing by the complicated way. Possible causes of such complexity are discussed.
Twenty paleoreconstructions of the Sun’s activity, obtained using the data on both cosmogenic iso... more Twenty paleoreconstructions of the Sun’s activity, obtained using the data on both cosmogenic isotopes and auroral records, are generalized over a time interval 1402-1850. Final reconstruction of sunspot number is obtained by means of normalization of the generalized record by the instrumentally measured seriesSN. Comparison of average levels of solar activity during the periods of solar minima of Spoerer (1415-1545), Maunder (1645-1715) and Daltona (1792-1827) is made. Discussion of the results is presented.
The data on the content of the 14C cosmogenic isotope in the natural archives make it possible to... more The data on the content of the 14C cosmogenic isotope in the natural archives make it possible to study the solar activity (SA) in the past centuries and millennia. However, the 14C content in the natural archives is influenced not only by the intensity of incoming galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), which are modulated by the interplanetary magnetic field and vary according to SA variations; changes in the geomagnetic field and in the Earth’s climate also affect radiocarbon data. In particular, climate variation leads to the redistribution of radiocarbon between natural reservoirs. In the 19th century, increased anthropogenic activity was also reflected in radiocarbon data. This article presents the results of the reconstruction of the rate of 14C production under the influence of GCRs with allowance for the above factors. It is shown that the rate of radiocarbon release from the deep ocean into the surface layer and the atmosphere has increased since the second quarter of the 19th century. Apparently, this process is natural.
Fifteen proxy records of summer temperature in Fennoscandia, Northern Europe and in Yamal and Tay... more Fifteen proxy records of summer temperature in Fennoscandia, Northern Europe and in Yamal and Taymir Peninsulas (Western Siberia) were analyzed for the AD 1700–2000 period. Century-long (70–100 year) and quasi bi-decadal periodicities were found from proxy records representing different parts of Fennoscandia. Decadal variation was revealed in a smaller number of records. Statistically significant correlations were revealed between the timescale-dependent components of temperature variability and solar cycles of Schwabe (~11 year), Hale (~22 year), and Gleissberg (сentury-long) as recorded in solar activity data. Combining the results from our correlation analysis with the evidence of solar-climatic linkages over the Northern Fennoscandia obtained over the past 20 years suggest that there are two possible explanations for the obtained solar-proxy relations: (a) the Sun’s activity actually influences the climate variability in Northern Fennoscandia and in some regions of the Northern ...
Abstract The stratospheric polar vortex is one of the most important connecting links between sol... more Abstract The stratospheric polar vortex is one of the most important connecting links between solar activity and circulation of the lower atmosphere at extratropical latitudes. In this work, the changes in the vortex intensity (western wind velocity in the high latitude stratosphere) are studied in relation to various phenomena caused by solar activity. A significant increase in wind velocity was detected at all stratospheric levels during the powerful solar proton events of January 15–20, 2005. It has been shown that auroral activity may also contribute to the intensification of the polar vortex on a daily time scale. On a multidecadal time scale, geomagnetic activity is one of possible factors of the polar vortex intensity. A significant strengthening of the vortex during the period of increased occurrence of magnetic storms with gradual commencements (~1980–2000) and a weakening during a decrease of occurrence of these storms (~1950–1980) were detected. The results of the study confirmed an important role of the stratospheric polar vortex in the mechanism of solar influence on the Earth’s atmosphere.
ABSTRACT Possible reasons for the temporal variability of solar activity (SA) and galactic cosmic... more ABSTRACT Possible reasons for the temporal variability of solar activity (SA) and galactic cosmic ray (GCR) effects on the tropospheric circulation are studied. Long-term variations in the amplitude and sign of SA/GCR effects are shown to be closely related to the state of the stratospheric circumpolar vortex. A ∼60-year periodicity was detected the vortex strength which affects the evolution of the large-scale atmospheric circulation. It is shown that the correlation coefficients between pressure in the troposphere and SA/GCR characteristics change the sign in the periods of transformations of the large-scale circulation caused by changes in the state of the vortex. The obtained results suggest an important part of the circumpolar vortex in the mechanism of solar-climate links.
ABSTRACT This article considers the process of entry of cosmic substance into the Earth’s atmosph... more ABSTRACT This article considers the process of entry of cosmic substance into the Earth’s atmosphere and the further evolution of the formed extraterrestrial aerosol. It is shown that meteorite-derived aerosol generated in the atmosphere may affect the Earth’s climate in two ways: (a) particles of meteoric haze may serve as condensation nuclei in the troposphere and stratosphere; (b) charged meteor particles residing in the mesosphere may markedly change (by a few percent) the total atmospheric resistance and, thereby, affect the global current circuit. Changes in the global electric circuit, in turn, may influence cloud formation processes. The obtained results argue for the fact that the meteoric dust in the Earth’s atmosphere is potentially one of the important climate-forming agents. It is shown that the amount of interstellar dust in the Earth’s atmosphere is too small to have a considerable affect on atmospheric processes.
Relationship between solar activity and global and regional climate was analysed over a long (up ... more Relationship between solar activity and global and regional climate was analysed over a long (up to millennium and longer) time scale using both direct and proxy data. Modern annual temperature proxies, based on tree-ring widths, were used in analysis. These records cover time intervals up to a millennium and longer. he data on cosmogenic isotopes (14C, 10Be) and historic chronicles
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