The 21st century came with blending of threats and opportunities of deep-rooted obstructions of f... more The 21st century came with blending of threats and opportunities of deep-rooted obstructions of fast-paced business environment. Research on strategic management has consequently increased and grabbed the attention of both academicians and strategic policy makers. The current study is therefore directed to analyze the multifaceted influence of entrepreneurial orientation on strategic agility and organizational performance. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 323 professional working in private sectors in twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The study found significantly positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and strategic agility, entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance, and strategic agility and organizational performance. The study discusses important implications regarding entrepreneurs’ deployment of entrepreneurial orientation and strategic agility for enhancing organizational performance.
The current papers aims to measure the extent to which marketing intelligence is being utilized i... more The current papers aims to measure the extent to which marketing intelligence is being utilized in corporate sector in Pakistan. In addition, the paper analyzes the extent to which different data sources are being exploited for the multifaceted intelligence i.e. active intelligence and defensive intelligence. Sample of this study consisted of 50 firms operating in different sectors in Pakistan. Our findings are somewhat reliable with the consideration view of this predicament. The study found lack of organizational commitment of employees with respect to marketing intelligence in corporate sector in Pakistan. Moreover, the study found a lesser intent of firms in the exploitation of defensive intelligence as compared to active intelligence. Based upon the findings, this paper proposed a flow diagram of integrated intelligence and throws light on the significance of integrated marketing intelligence and organizational commitment to leapfrogging the competition. The study has a number of implications for strategic marketing managers, policy makers, and researchers.
The study analyzes the role of project leadership facets on effective project outcome. Numerous s... more The study analyzes the role of project leadership facets on effective project outcome. Numerous such initiatives have already been taken on project outcome/performance in the context of apposite leadership styles or project management. However, the current study is unique in the milieu of project outcome that it introduces a new leadership approach, which throws light on the significance of variant leadership facets on project outcome. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from project management professionals working in different project organizations. The study uses structural equation model (SEM) technique to test the hypothesis. The study found a positive relationship between project leadership facets and project outcome.
The purpose of this study is multifaceted; firstly, it aims to explore the extent to which market... more The purpose of this study is multifaceted; firstly, it aims to explore the extent to which marketing intelligence is utilized within corporate sector in Pakistan. Secondly, this paper measures the role of marketing intelligence by strategic function on organizational performance. The study uses exploratory approach, sample of the study consisted of 145 professionals from 30 companies related to different sectors operating in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Structural Equation Model (SEM) Technique was used to test the hypotheses. The study found a strong positive relationship between marketing intelligence by strategic function and organizational performance. The study also found that majority of corporate sector of Pakistan have incorporated and utilized marketing intelligence system. The study throws light on the importance of marketing intelligence to heading on this fast-paced competition.
The purpose of the paper is to examine the importance of competitive analysis on strategic planni... more The purpose of the paper is to examine the importance of competitive analysis on strategic planning and implementation. Moreover, the paper aims to scrutinize the impact of participative decision-making in effective strategic planning and implementation. Competitive analysis appears to be an effective strategic tool for strategic planning. Moreover, strategic planning and implementation is positively associated with participative decision-making. The current paper helps managers to understand the importance of competitive analysis and participative decision-making for successful strategic planning and implementation. The current paper is a conceptual paper. Future studies may be undertaken to empirically analyze the study. This paper highlights the role of participative decision-making, which facilitates strategic planning and implementation and thus improves company performance.
The current study aims to measure the role of project leadership facets with mediating effect of ... more The current study aims to measure the role of project leadership facets with mediating effect of project life cycle management for achieving higher project outcomes. Much literature is available on project management regarding the role of project leadership in effective project outcomes. However, the current study is unique as it incorporated variant project leadership facets with project life cycle management as the key enablers for effective project outcomes. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 168 project managers working in different project organizations in Pakistan. The study found significantly positive relationship between project leadership facets and project life cycle management, project leadership facets and project outcome, and project life cycle management and project outcome. The study throws light on the significance of twofold role of project leadership facets such as pragmatism, creativity, positive intolerance, stability, communication, motivation, and group orientation on project life cycle management and project outcome.
The study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial orientation with mediating effect of knowledge cre... more The study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial orientation with mediating effect of knowledge creation process to creating Blue Ocean in corporate sector in Pakistan. Objectives/Value There is an increasing competition among companies due to globalization and technological advancements. Thus, it requires a study to measure the multifaceted influence of entrepreneurial orientation on knowledge creation process and Blue Ocean besides the actual paradigm of this terminology. Prior Work This concept has been well discussed in this research arena since its inception in 2005. Numerous such initiatives have already been taken, however this concept invites a lot more addition, related companies are still in pursuit to materialize the research concepts. Approach We highlight the contingencies in the shift from a red ocean to Blue Ocean. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 391 professionals working in different sectors of Pakistan. The study uses structural equation model (SEM) technique to test the hypotheses. Results The study found a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and Blue Ocean, entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge creation process, and Blue Ocean. Implications The study throws light on the importance of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge creation process to head on this fast-paced competition.
This paper focuses on the importance of Entrepreneurial activities and the role it plays in a cou... more This paper focuses on the importance of Entrepreneurial activities and the role it plays in a country’s economic uplift. Young graduates are more expected to initiate any such activity after being done with their studies. Yet in most of the countries, the debate continues as why more and more entrepreneurial examples cannot be spotted, whereas there are certain factors behind that play a role in discouraging these activities. This piece of work, discusses all those hindrances that occur either on national/international, political/social or economical/educational level and suggests a paradigm to expedite the initiative of avoiding those.
Marketing practices are important for organizations to promote their products and deliver solutio... more Marketing practices are important for organizations to promote their products and deliver solutions to the consumers. They are bound to make an effective contribution towards society while satisfying the needs of the consumers by delivering product and services. Yet if the marketing practices turn detrimental to the noble cause stated above, the situation worsens and Consumers are at losing end. This piece of writing is an effort by the author to point out such practices and encourage discussion as how to curb the impacts of such detrimental practices and maintain the balance among the stakeholders especially the consumers. In recent times, such marketing practices are being used on large scale and the element of materialism has added fuel to fire as the organizations in order to beat the competition; tend to go beyond the limit where ethical standards are sacrificed. The paper is based on extensive literature review and discusses in depth the historical perspective on the issue.
Purpose The current paper aims to investigate the impact of technological learning on employee’s ... more Purpose The current paper aims to investigate the impact of technological learning on employee’s commitment and organizational performance. Prior Work This concept is well discussed in this research arena. Numerous such initiatives have ready been taken, however this concept invites a lot more addition, related companies are still in pursuit to materialize the research concepts. Findings The study found that downsizing is an important strategic tool for organizations in order to gain a competitive advantage and to display a positive relationship with organizational performance. Approach This piece of writing is a solely based on extensive literature review. Practical Implications This research provides insights to managers, shareholders and organizational professionals about the importance of technological learning. It is important for the all the strategic planners of the firms and the investor to be aware about adopted strategy that will bring positive or negative effect for the respective firms.
The current paper aims to investigate the impact of behavioral training and development on the le... more The current paper aims to investigate the impact of behavioral training and development on the level of employees’ involvement in CSR and its impact on their motivation, job satisfaction, and their role in corporate identity building. The proposed model in this paper constitutes five variables. Employee involvement in CSR as an independent variable influences employee motivation and job satisfaction (mediating variables), moderated by behavioral training and development (moderating variable), which ultimately influence dependent variable “corporate identity”. Based on extensive literature review, our findings are also reliable with the consideration view of behavioral training and development, which would also result in increasing employees’ knowledge, skills, and abilities regarding CSR. This research provides insights to managers about the importance of behavioral training and development of employees especially in comprehension, implementation, and optimum utilization of CSR initiatives.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of marketing intelligence on strategic... more The purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of marketing intelligence on strategic marketing planning using SWOT analysis for evaluation. Moreover, the paper aims to examine the critical issues of SWOT analysis and seeks a systematic way to head them on. This concept is well discussed in this research arena. Numerous such initiatives have already been taken, however this concept invites a lot more addition, related companies are still in pursuit to materialize the research concepts. This piece of writing is a solely based on extensive literature review. The impact of pre‐job evaluation in assessing SWOT analysis appears to be positive for effective strategic marketing planning. The current paper helps marketing managers to understanding the importance of marketing intelligence and pre‐job evaluation for effective strategic marketing planning.
Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the influence of culture on the relationship of ge... more Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the influence of culture on the relationship of gender based selling and consumer buying behavior. Moreover, the paper seeks to find the significance of Gender based selling in advertising and its influence on consumer buying behavior. Methodology/Limitations We examined the relationships between gender based selling; culture, and consumer buying behavior, individual semi structured interviews were conducted on upper and middle-class consumers for this purpose. Findings Our results are reliable with the consideration view of Gender based selling technique for advertisement. The results indicate a positive influence of both gender based selling and culture on buying behavior of consumers. Moreover, culture has a little influence on the proposed variables. Managerial Implications The current study throws light on the significance of Gender based selling for marketers to comprehend both consumers and cultures in response to different advertising appeal strategies. Originality/Value This paper highlights the role of culture, which facilitates consumer‟s buying behavior and Gender based selling advertisement technique.
""The research objective of the study is to investigate the gender effects on entrepreneurial ori... more ""The research objective of the study is to investigate the gender effects on entrepreneurial orientation and value innovation in young entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Moreover, the study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial orientation on value innovation in corporate sector in Pakistan. The study seeks to address the gap in the knowledge of the link between multiple dimensions of
entrepreneurial orientation in the context of women. Furthermore, we highlight the contingencies in the shift from a red ocean to Blue Ocean i.e. value innovation. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 120 professionals operating in different sectors of Pakistan. Although female and male entrepreneurs have similar entrepreneurial orientation perceptions, female entrepreneurs are likely to have lower entrepreneurial orientation propensity than male entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the study found a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and value innovation. The study throws light on the importance of entrepreneurial orientation on value innovation to head on this fast‐paced competition in the context of gender.""
Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the brunt of employee involvement on the relations... more Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the brunt of employee involvement on the relationship of workforce diversity and employees’ group performance. Model The present paper seeks to find the relationship of workforce diversity (IV) and group performance of employees (DV). Furthermore, the paper aims to investigate the influence of employee involvement (Mod) on this the proposed model. Methodolog/Limitations The current paper is a conceptual research work conducted through secondary data only. Future studies may be undertaken to empirically test this model. Findings The paper throws light and put forwards certain evidences based on extensive literature review on the significance of employee involvement on group performance of employees. The authors find a positive relationship among proposed variables. Managerial Implications This paper provides insights to management to use the platinum rule “treat others as they want to be treated rather the golden rule “treat others as you wanted to be treated” in order to enhance the group and organizational performance.
The purpose of the study is to examine various organizational factors that influence diversity in... more The purpose of the study is to examine various organizational factors that influence diversity in the workplace. The factors incorporate organizational policies, management practices, and perceived inequity. The current paper is a conceptual paper solely based on literature review. The findings are reliable with consideration view of these organizational variables to be the factual obstacles in employing and heading workplace diversity issue on. The current study throws light on the significance of managing workplace diversity.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of technological learning ... more Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of technological learning in the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance. Study aims to establish a link of technological learning in between intellectual capital and organization performance. Model: The proposed model in this paper comprised of four variables. Intellectual capital (independent variable) is a source of competitive advantage (mediating variable) that influence organizational performance (dependent variable). Technological learning (moderating Variable) moderates the relationship between intellectual capital and organization performance. Findings: The current paper based on extensive literature review throws light on the importance of technological learning on collectively intellectual capital and organizational performance. Practical implication and future research: This study provides directions for manager in understanding, implementation, and optimum use of technology to gain sustainable competitive advantage. Mangers must involve employees in technological learning process. Empirical testing of model is the area of future research.:Originality/Value : This paper highlights the role of technological learning, which facilitates intellectual capital development and thus enhances company performance.
The 21st century came with blending of threats and opportunities of deep-rooted obstructions of f... more The 21st century came with blending of threats and opportunities of deep-rooted obstructions of fast-paced business environment. Research on strategic management has consequently increased and grabbed the attention of both academicians and strategic policy makers. The current study is therefore directed to analyze the multifaceted influence of entrepreneurial orientation on strategic agility and organizational performance. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 323 professional working in private sectors in twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The study found significantly positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and strategic agility, entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance, and strategic agility and organizational performance. The study discusses important implications regarding entrepreneurs’ deployment of entrepreneurial orientation and strategic agility for enhancing organizational performance.
The current papers aims to measure the extent to which marketing intelligence is being utilized i... more The current papers aims to measure the extent to which marketing intelligence is being utilized in corporate sector in Pakistan. In addition, the paper analyzes the extent to which different data sources are being exploited for the multifaceted intelligence i.e. active intelligence and defensive intelligence. Sample of this study consisted of 50 firms operating in different sectors in Pakistan. Our findings are somewhat reliable with the consideration view of this predicament. The study found lack of organizational commitment of employees with respect to marketing intelligence in corporate sector in Pakistan. Moreover, the study found a lesser intent of firms in the exploitation of defensive intelligence as compared to active intelligence. Based upon the findings, this paper proposed a flow diagram of integrated intelligence and throws light on the significance of integrated marketing intelligence and organizational commitment to leapfrogging the competition. The study has a number of implications for strategic marketing managers, policy makers, and researchers.
The study analyzes the role of project leadership facets on effective project outcome. Numerous s... more The study analyzes the role of project leadership facets on effective project outcome. Numerous such initiatives have already been taken on project outcome/performance in the context of apposite leadership styles or project management. However, the current study is unique in the milieu of project outcome that it introduces a new leadership approach, which throws light on the significance of variant leadership facets on project outcome. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from project management professionals working in different project organizations. The study uses structural equation model (SEM) technique to test the hypothesis. The study found a positive relationship between project leadership facets and project outcome.
The purpose of this study is multifaceted; firstly, it aims to explore the extent to which market... more The purpose of this study is multifaceted; firstly, it aims to explore the extent to which marketing intelligence is utilized within corporate sector in Pakistan. Secondly, this paper measures the role of marketing intelligence by strategic function on organizational performance. The study uses exploratory approach, sample of the study consisted of 145 professionals from 30 companies related to different sectors operating in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Structural Equation Model (SEM) Technique was used to test the hypotheses. The study found a strong positive relationship between marketing intelligence by strategic function and organizational performance. The study also found that majority of corporate sector of Pakistan have incorporated and utilized marketing intelligence system. The study throws light on the importance of marketing intelligence to heading on this fast-paced competition.
The purpose of the paper is to examine the importance of competitive analysis on strategic planni... more The purpose of the paper is to examine the importance of competitive analysis on strategic planning and implementation. Moreover, the paper aims to scrutinize the impact of participative decision-making in effective strategic planning and implementation. Competitive analysis appears to be an effective strategic tool for strategic planning. Moreover, strategic planning and implementation is positively associated with participative decision-making. The current paper helps managers to understand the importance of competitive analysis and participative decision-making for successful strategic planning and implementation. The current paper is a conceptual paper. Future studies may be undertaken to empirically analyze the study. This paper highlights the role of participative decision-making, which facilitates strategic planning and implementation and thus improves company performance.
The current study aims to measure the role of project leadership facets with mediating effect of ... more The current study aims to measure the role of project leadership facets with mediating effect of project life cycle management for achieving higher project outcomes. Much literature is available on project management regarding the role of project leadership in effective project outcomes. However, the current study is unique as it incorporated variant project leadership facets with project life cycle management as the key enablers for effective project outcomes. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 168 project managers working in different project organizations in Pakistan. The study found significantly positive relationship between project leadership facets and project life cycle management, project leadership facets and project outcome, and project life cycle management and project outcome. The study throws light on the significance of twofold role of project leadership facets such as pragmatism, creativity, positive intolerance, stability, communication, motivation, and group orientation on project life cycle management and project outcome.
The study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial orientation with mediating effect of knowledge cre... more The study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial orientation with mediating effect of knowledge creation process to creating Blue Ocean in corporate sector in Pakistan. Objectives/Value There is an increasing competition among companies due to globalization and technological advancements. Thus, it requires a study to measure the multifaceted influence of entrepreneurial orientation on knowledge creation process and Blue Ocean besides the actual paradigm of this terminology. Prior Work This concept has been well discussed in this research arena since its inception in 2005. Numerous such initiatives have already been taken, however this concept invites a lot more addition, related companies are still in pursuit to materialize the research concepts. Approach We highlight the contingencies in the shift from a red ocean to Blue Ocean. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 391 professionals working in different sectors of Pakistan. The study uses structural equation model (SEM) technique to test the hypotheses. Results The study found a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and Blue Ocean, entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge creation process, and Blue Ocean. Implications The study throws light on the importance of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge creation process to head on this fast-paced competition.
This paper focuses on the importance of Entrepreneurial activities and the role it plays in a cou... more This paper focuses on the importance of Entrepreneurial activities and the role it plays in a country’s economic uplift. Young graduates are more expected to initiate any such activity after being done with their studies. Yet in most of the countries, the debate continues as why more and more entrepreneurial examples cannot be spotted, whereas there are certain factors behind that play a role in discouraging these activities. This piece of work, discusses all those hindrances that occur either on national/international, political/social or economical/educational level and suggests a paradigm to expedite the initiative of avoiding those.
Marketing practices are important for organizations to promote their products and deliver solutio... more Marketing practices are important for organizations to promote their products and deliver solutions to the consumers. They are bound to make an effective contribution towards society while satisfying the needs of the consumers by delivering product and services. Yet if the marketing practices turn detrimental to the noble cause stated above, the situation worsens and Consumers are at losing end. This piece of writing is an effort by the author to point out such practices and encourage discussion as how to curb the impacts of such detrimental practices and maintain the balance among the stakeholders especially the consumers. In recent times, such marketing practices are being used on large scale and the element of materialism has added fuel to fire as the organizations in order to beat the competition; tend to go beyond the limit where ethical standards are sacrificed. The paper is based on extensive literature review and discusses in depth the historical perspective on the issue.
Purpose The current paper aims to investigate the impact of technological learning on employee’s ... more Purpose The current paper aims to investigate the impact of technological learning on employee’s commitment and organizational performance. Prior Work This concept is well discussed in this research arena. Numerous such initiatives have ready been taken, however this concept invites a lot more addition, related companies are still in pursuit to materialize the research concepts. Findings The study found that downsizing is an important strategic tool for organizations in order to gain a competitive advantage and to display a positive relationship with organizational performance. Approach This piece of writing is a solely based on extensive literature review. Practical Implications This research provides insights to managers, shareholders and organizational professionals about the importance of technological learning. It is important for the all the strategic planners of the firms and the investor to be aware about adopted strategy that will bring positive or negative effect for the respective firms.
The current paper aims to investigate the impact of behavioral training and development on the le... more The current paper aims to investigate the impact of behavioral training and development on the level of employees’ involvement in CSR and its impact on their motivation, job satisfaction, and their role in corporate identity building. The proposed model in this paper constitutes five variables. Employee involvement in CSR as an independent variable influences employee motivation and job satisfaction (mediating variables), moderated by behavioral training and development (moderating variable), which ultimately influence dependent variable “corporate identity”. Based on extensive literature review, our findings are also reliable with the consideration view of behavioral training and development, which would also result in increasing employees’ knowledge, skills, and abilities regarding CSR. This research provides insights to managers about the importance of behavioral training and development of employees especially in comprehension, implementation, and optimum utilization of CSR initiatives.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of marketing intelligence on strategic... more The purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of marketing intelligence on strategic marketing planning using SWOT analysis for evaluation. Moreover, the paper aims to examine the critical issues of SWOT analysis and seeks a systematic way to head them on. This concept is well discussed in this research arena. Numerous such initiatives have already been taken, however this concept invites a lot more addition, related companies are still in pursuit to materialize the research concepts. This piece of writing is a solely based on extensive literature review. The impact of pre‐job evaluation in assessing SWOT analysis appears to be positive for effective strategic marketing planning. The current paper helps marketing managers to understanding the importance of marketing intelligence and pre‐job evaluation for effective strategic marketing planning.
Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the influence of culture on the relationship of ge... more Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the influence of culture on the relationship of gender based selling and consumer buying behavior. Moreover, the paper seeks to find the significance of Gender based selling in advertising and its influence on consumer buying behavior. Methodology/Limitations We examined the relationships between gender based selling; culture, and consumer buying behavior, individual semi structured interviews were conducted on upper and middle-class consumers for this purpose. Findings Our results are reliable with the consideration view of Gender based selling technique for advertisement. The results indicate a positive influence of both gender based selling and culture on buying behavior of consumers. Moreover, culture has a little influence on the proposed variables. Managerial Implications The current study throws light on the significance of Gender based selling for marketers to comprehend both consumers and cultures in response to different advertising appeal strategies. Originality/Value This paper highlights the role of culture, which facilitates consumer‟s buying behavior and Gender based selling advertisement technique.
""The research objective of the study is to investigate the gender effects on entrepreneurial ori... more ""The research objective of the study is to investigate the gender effects on entrepreneurial orientation and value innovation in young entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Moreover, the study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial orientation on value innovation in corporate sector in Pakistan. The study seeks to address the gap in the knowledge of the link between multiple dimensions of
entrepreneurial orientation in the context of women. Furthermore, we highlight the contingencies in the shift from a red ocean to Blue Ocean i.e. value innovation. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 120 professionals operating in different sectors of Pakistan. Although female and male entrepreneurs have similar entrepreneurial orientation perceptions, female entrepreneurs are likely to have lower entrepreneurial orientation propensity than male entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the study found a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and value innovation. The study throws light on the importance of entrepreneurial orientation on value innovation to head on this fast‐paced competition in the context of gender.""
Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the brunt of employee involvement on the relations... more Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the brunt of employee involvement on the relationship of workforce diversity and employees’ group performance. Model The present paper seeks to find the relationship of workforce diversity (IV) and group performance of employees (DV). Furthermore, the paper aims to investigate the influence of employee involvement (Mod) on this the proposed model. Methodolog/Limitations The current paper is a conceptual research work conducted through secondary data only. Future studies may be undertaken to empirically test this model. Findings The paper throws light and put forwards certain evidences based on extensive literature review on the significance of employee involvement on group performance of employees. The authors find a positive relationship among proposed variables. Managerial Implications This paper provides insights to management to use the platinum rule “treat others as they want to be treated rather the golden rule “treat others as you wanted to be treated” in order to enhance the group and organizational performance.
The purpose of the study is to examine various organizational factors that influence diversity in... more The purpose of the study is to examine various organizational factors that influence diversity in the workplace. The factors incorporate organizational policies, management practices, and perceived inequity. The current paper is a conceptual paper solely based on literature review. The findings are reliable with consideration view of these organizational variables to be the factual obstacles in employing and heading workplace diversity issue on. The current study throws light on the significance of managing workplace diversity.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of technological learning ... more Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of technological learning in the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance. Study aims to establish a link of technological learning in between intellectual capital and organization performance. Model: The proposed model in this paper comprised of four variables. Intellectual capital (independent variable) is a source of competitive advantage (mediating variable) that influence organizational performance (dependent variable). Technological learning (moderating Variable) moderates the relationship between intellectual capital and organization performance. Findings: The current paper based on extensive literature review throws light on the importance of technological learning on collectively intellectual capital and organizational performance. Practical implication and future research: This study provides directions for manager in understanding, implementation, and optimum use of technology to gain sustainable competitive advantage. Mangers must involve employees in technological learning process. Empirical testing of model is the area of future research.:Originality/Value : This paper highlights the role of technological learning, which facilitates intellectual capital development and thus enhances company performance.
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Papers by Arslan Ayub
entrepreneurial orientation in the context of women. Furthermore, we highlight the contingencies in the shift from a red ocean to Blue Ocean i.e. value innovation. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 120 professionals operating in different sectors of Pakistan. Although female and male entrepreneurs have similar entrepreneurial orientation perceptions, female entrepreneurs are likely to have lower entrepreneurial orientation propensity than male entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the study found a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and value innovation. The study throws light on the importance of entrepreneurial orientation on value innovation to head on this fast‐paced competition in the context of gender.""
entrepreneurial orientation in the context of women. Furthermore, we highlight the contingencies in the shift from a red ocean to Blue Ocean i.e. value innovation. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 120 professionals operating in different sectors of Pakistan. Although female and male entrepreneurs have similar entrepreneurial orientation perceptions, female entrepreneurs are likely to have lower entrepreneurial orientation propensity than male entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the study found a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and value innovation. The study throws light on the importance of entrepreneurial orientation on value innovation to head on this fast‐paced competition in the context of gender.""