Parenting has a considerable impact on children’s behaviour and mental health. Improving child he... more Parenting has a considerable impact on children’s behaviour and mental health. Improving child health and behaviour requires an understanding of the relationship between parenting practices; contexual factors such as parental mental health, intimate partner violence, substance abuse and poverty; and children’s behaviour. In this article the authors report the findings of a survey of parenting and child behaviour in a small community. The findings show that corporal punishment, the stress of parenting, and parental mental health are significantly associated with both children’s internalising (depression and anxiety) and externalising symptoms (rule-breaking and aggression). Intimate partner violence in the home was also associated with children’s externalising symptoms. These findings imply that parent support and training, and an increase in services to address intimate partner violence and mental health problems, should be prioritised as part of a national violence reduction strategy.
Preventing and reducing violence by supporting parents is critical to national development. This ... more Preventing and reducing violence by supporting parents is critical to national development. This policy brief explains how positive parenting relates to violence prevention and national development, and why the national implementation of evidence-based programmes to support positive parenting is both necessary and achievable.
Confidence in the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) needs to be strengthened. When thinking abo... more Confidence in the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) needs to be strengthened. When thinking about how to do this, hard questions must be asked about why confidence building measures aren’t working and what else is needed to establish and maintain confidence between states parties. This paper reflects on how those involved in the BWC process collectively assess issues affecting the convention. It focuses on the prevalence of defensive reasoning, which inhibits robust enquiry and encourages anti-learning practices. It argues that instead of more of the same, alternative types of discussions needed to be nurtured.
Technological advances in the life sciences hold out the promise of controlling or eliminating st... more Technological advances in the life sciences hold out the promise of controlling or eliminating stubborn diseases. They also increase the risk that malevolent actors will learn to produce new and highly dangerous pathogens, a prospect that deeply concerns security professionals in developed countries. In the developing world, meanwhile, where many nations struggle mightily with diseases such as AIDS and malaria, public health concerns tend to focus more on the here and now—or, when it comes to emerging threats, on how to contend with natural rather than human-made pathogens. Authors from four countries—Oyewale Tomori of Nigeria (2014), Louise Bezuidenhout and Chandre Gould of South Africa, Maria José Espona of Argentina (2014), and Iris Hunger of Germany (2014)—explore how governments, institutions, and professionals in both the developed and developing worlds can make the world safer from emerging pathogens, whether natural or human-made.
... Chandré Gould est coordinatrice générale du BioWeapons Prevention Project (BWPP ... Quand en ... more ... Chandré Gould est coordinatrice générale du BioWeapons Prevention Project (BWPP ... Quand en 1989, le président PW Botha fit une attaque cardiaque et fut remplacé par quelqu'un de plus modéré, les changements s'enchaînèrent rapidement ; et les militaires furent contraints d ...
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
This article examines the complex arrangements within which women working in prostitution in Sout... more This article examines the complex arrangements within which women working in prostitution in South Africa find themselves, and documents their resilience in a hazardous work environment. Findings are drawn from a survey and in-depth interviews with sex workers in Cape Town that investigated the nature and extent of human trafficking in the sex industry, and from a separate survey of sex workers during the World Cup in South Africa in 2010. The findings provide the basis for a critique of Western rescue missions and the larger anti-trafficking movement.
Every year, the South African Minister of Police releases the crime statistics in September and t... more Every year, the South African Minister of Police releases the crime statistics in September and the SAPSAnnual Report shortly thereafter. In this article we draw on an earlier analysis by David Bruce (SACQ 31) that questioned the veracity of the SAPS statistics for inter-personal violence. We show that there
remains reason to question the veracity of the assault statistics, and point to other weaknesses in the way in which the statistics are reported. We argue that greater value would be obtained from the crime statistics if reported more frequently than once a year, and if they were disaggregated to a greater degree.
The SAPS has a sophisticated and up-to-date system for recording and analysing crime data. This could prove an invaluable source of information for those who seek to better understand and respond to crime in South Africa. However, a long-overdue policy change is needed to ensure that South Africa can make better use of its crime statistics.
Chandré Gould is an Associate Researcher at the Centre for Conflict Resolution in Cape Town. Pete... more Chandré Gould is an Associate Researcher at the Centre for Conflict Resolution in Cape Town. Peter I. Folb, MD, FRCP (London), FRS (South Africa) is Professor of Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, and Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for ...
This paper provides a short accountof the South African Defence Force's chemical and biologicalwa... more This paper provides a short accountof the South African Defence Force's chemical and biologicalwarfare programme during apartheid, specifically during the period 1980 to 1994. It examines the circumstances ofrecruitment of the scientists and physiciansand their retention in the programme; detailsthe `scientific efforts' of the programme andits aberrations; and explores ethical issues inrelation to the involvement of scientists inthe programme.
Parenting has a considerable impact on children’s behaviour and mental health. Improving child he... more Parenting has a considerable impact on children’s behaviour and mental health. Improving child health and behaviour requires an understanding of the relationship between parenting practices; contexual factors such as parental mental health, intimate partner violence, substance abuse and poverty; and children’s behaviour. In this article the authors report the findings of a survey of parenting and child behaviour in a small community. The findings show that corporal punishment, the stress of parenting, and parental mental health are significantly associated with both children’s internalising (depression and anxiety) and externalising symptoms (rule-breaking and aggression). Intimate partner violence in the home was also associated with children’s externalising symptoms. These findings imply that parent support and training, and an increase in services to address intimate partner violence and mental health problems, should be prioritised as part of a national violence reduction strategy.
Preventing and reducing violence by supporting parents is critical to national development. This ... more Preventing and reducing violence by supporting parents is critical to national development. This policy brief explains how positive parenting relates to violence prevention and national development, and why the national implementation of evidence-based programmes to support positive parenting is both necessary and achievable.
Confidence in the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) needs to be strengthened. When thinking abo... more Confidence in the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) needs to be strengthened. When thinking about how to do this, hard questions must be asked about why confidence building measures aren’t working and what else is needed to establish and maintain confidence between states parties. This paper reflects on how those involved in the BWC process collectively assess issues affecting the convention. It focuses on the prevalence of defensive reasoning, which inhibits robust enquiry and encourages anti-learning practices. It argues that instead of more of the same, alternative types of discussions needed to be nurtured.
Technological advances in the life sciences hold out the promise of controlling or eliminating st... more Technological advances in the life sciences hold out the promise of controlling or eliminating stubborn diseases. They also increase the risk that malevolent actors will learn to produce new and highly dangerous pathogens, a prospect that deeply concerns security professionals in developed countries. In the developing world, meanwhile, where many nations struggle mightily with diseases such as AIDS and malaria, public health concerns tend to focus more on the here and now—or, when it comes to emerging threats, on how to contend with natural rather than human-made pathogens. Authors from four countries—Oyewale Tomori of Nigeria (2014), Louise Bezuidenhout and Chandre Gould of South Africa, Maria José Espona of Argentina (2014), and Iris Hunger of Germany (2014)—explore how governments, institutions, and professionals in both the developed and developing worlds can make the world safer from emerging pathogens, whether natural or human-made.
... Chandré Gould est coordinatrice générale du BioWeapons Prevention Project (BWPP ... Quand en ... more ... Chandré Gould est coordinatrice générale du BioWeapons Prevention Project (BWPP ... Quand en 1989, le président PW Botha fit une attaque cardiaque et fut remplacé par quelqu'un de plus modéré, les changements s'enchaînèrent rapidement ; et les militaires furent contraints d ...
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
This article examines the complex arrangements within which women working in prostitution in Sout... more This article examines the complex arrangements within which women working in prostitution in South Africa find themselves, and documents their resilience in a hazardous work environment. Findings are drawn from a survey and in-depth interviews with sex workers in Cape Town that investigated the nature and extent of human trafficking in the sex industry, and from a separate survey of sex workers during the World Cup in South Africa in 2010. The findings provide the basis for a critique of Western rescue missions and the larger anti-trafficking movement.
Every year, the South African Minister of Police releases the crime statistics in September and t... more Every year, the South African Minister of Police releases the crime statistics in September and the SAPSAnnual Report shortly thereafter. In this article we draw on an earlier analysis by David Bruce (SACQ 31) that questioned the veracity of the SAPS statistics for inter-personal violence. We show that there
remains reason to question the veracity of the assault statistics, and point to other weaknesses in the way in which the statistics are reported. We argue that greater value would be obtained from the crime statistics if reported more frequently than once a year, and if they were disaggregated to a greater degree.
The SAPS has a sophisticated and up-to-date system for recording and analysing crime data. This could prove an invaluable source of information for those who seek to better understand and respond to crime in South Africa. However, a long-overdue policy change is needed to ensure that South Africa can make better use of its crime statistics.
Chandré Gould is an Associate Researcher at the Centre for Conflict Resolution in Cape Town. Pete... more Chandré Gould is an Associate Researcher at the Centre for Conflict Resolution in Cape Town. Peter I. Folb, MD, FRCP (London), FRS (South Africa) is Professor of Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, and Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for ...
This paper provides a short accountof the South African Defence Force's chemical and biologicalwa... more This paper provides a short accountof the South African Defence Force's chemical and biologicalwarfare programme during apartheid, specifically during the period 1980 to 1994. It examines the circumstances ofrecruitment of the scientists and physiciansand their retention in the programme; detailsthe `scientific efforts' of the programme andits aberrations; and explores ethical issues inrelation to the involvement of scientists inthe programme.
In this monograph readers will meet some of the men who are responsible for violent crime in Sout... more In this monograph readers will meet some of the men who are responsible for violent crime in South Africa. The narratives presented here are based on interviews with men who have been incarcerated for murder, robbery and rape. They show that the foundation for their criminal careers was laid early in their lives and compounded by their experiences of loss, abuse and alienation. Readers are taken on a journey through their lives to understand why crime in South Africa is so violent, and what needs to be done to prevent it.
It is vital to revisit how confidence in the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) can be strengthe... more It is vital to revisit how confidence in the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) can be strengthened. To do that we need to ask challenging questions about what limits the relevance of Confidence Building Measures,1 and we need to identify what else is needed to establish and maintain confidence between states parties. This paper enables reflection on how those involved in the BWC process collectively assess issues affecting the convention. It focuses on the prevalence of defensive reasoning, which inhibits robust enquiry and encourages anti-learning practices. It argues that instead of more of the same, alternative types of discussions needed to be nurtured.
A disciplinary hearing of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) recently found D... more A disciplinary hearing of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) recently found Dr Wouter Basson guilty of unethical conduct for work he did as head of the apartheid state's chemical and biologlcal warfare programme. On Wednesday, 26 November, the HPCSA will begin hearing arguments relating to Basson's sentencing. Why does this matter? And why Is It equally Important that Basson receive an appropriate sanction from the HPCSA?
Why is it important that a disciplinary hearing of the Health Professions Council of South Africa... more Why is it important that a disciplinary hearing of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPC) recently found Dr Wouter Basson guilty of unethical conduct in relation to the work he did as head of the apartheid state's chemical and biological warfare programme? And why is it equally important that Basson receive an appropriate sanction from the HPC? Answers to these questions are suggested by a visit to the vast laboratory complex that was the home of military front company Roodeplaat Research Laboratories until 1993.
Poisoned Pasts is a collaborative exhibition by forensic artist Kathryn Smith (Liverpool John Moo... more Poisoned Pasts is a collaborative exhibition by forensic artist Kathryn Smith (Liverpool John Moores University/Stellenbosch University), ISS researcher Dr Chandré Gould and sociologist Prof Brian Rappert (University of Exeter), presenting material associated with South Africa's apartheid-era chemical and biological warfare programme known as Project Coast.
In the exhibition, facts and testimony are set against contested and conflicting accounts, putting visitors in the position of an investigator. Concise, meticulously researched commentary accompanies powerful visual reportage. Original artifacts, reconstructions and historical documents illuminate the many narratives that Project Coast has produced and places them in context of international history, policy and practice.
The guide offers perspective and views from the exhibition curators as well as those who have played an integral role in the development of the exhibition, and in past attempts to bring scientists associated with the programme to justice, including Rian Blignaut, Y. Obenewa Amponsah, Laurel Baldwin-Ragaven, Leslie London and Lizeka Tandwa.
One of the main motivations behind Project Coast was the 1976 student uprising. Exactly 40 years later, we are once again seeing waves of violent student protests and a state under severe pressure. It is an appropriate moment to consider how the past has been and is being dealt with, and what implications this holds for the future.
It has also been 20 years since Coast's activities came to light during the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The exhibition examines how we reckon with difficult pasts, while it also acknowledges and honours known and suspected victims of this programme and other abuses of medicines and toxic substances by the Apartheid state.
The burden of a toxic past will haunt future generations in ways that we cannot always anticipate, and South Africans will continue to grapple with questions on how to deal with the past, what is required to bring healing, and where to find assurance that historic harms will never be repeated. It also raises questions about how scientists and medical practitioners can be protected from becoming involved in similar programmes.
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Papers by Chandre Gould
remains reason to question the veracity of the assault statistics, and point to other weaknesses in the way in which the statistics are reported. We argue that greater value would be obtained from the crime statistics if reported more frequently than once a year, and if they were disaggregated to a greater degree.
The SAPS has a sophisticated and up-to-date system for recording and analysing crime data. This could prove an invaluable source of information for those who seek to better understand and respond to crime in South Africa. However, a long-overdue policy change is needed to ensure that South Africa can make better use of its crime statistics.
remains reason to question the veracity of the assault statistics, and point to other weaknesses in the way in which the statistics are reported. We argue that greater value would be obtained from the crime statistics if reported more frequently than once a year, and if they were disaggregated to a greater degree.
The SAPS has a sophisticated and up-to-date system for recording and analysing crime data. This could prove an invaluable source of information for those who seek to better understand and respond to crime in South Africa. However, a long-overdue policy change is needed to ensure that South Africa can make better use of its crime statistics.
conduct for work he did as head of the apartheid state's chemical and biologlcal warfare programme. On Wednesday, 26 November, the HPCSA will begin hearing arguments relating to Basson's
sentencing. Why does this matter? And why Is It equally Important that Basson receive an appropriate sanction from the HPCSA?
In the exhibition, facts and testimony are set against contested and conflicting accounts, putting visitors in the position of an investigator. Concise, meticulously researched commentary accompanies powerful visual reportage. Original artifacts, reconstructions and historical documents illuminate the many narratives that Project Coast has produced and places them in context of international history, policy and practice.
The guide offers perspective and views from the exhibition curators as well as those who have played an integral role in the development of the exhibition, and in past attempts to bring scientists associated with the programme to justice, including Rian Blignaut, Y. Obenewa Amponsah, Laurel Baldwin-Ragaven, Leslie London and Lizeka Tandwa.
One of the main motivations behind Project Coast was the 1976 student uprising. Exactly 40 years later, we are once again seeing waves of violent student protests and a state under severe pressure. It is an appropriate moment to consider how the past has been and is being dealt with, and what implications this holds for the future.
It has also been 20 years since Coast's activities came to light during the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The exhibition examines how we reckon with difficult pasts, while it also acknowledges and honours known and suspected victims of this programme and other abuses of medicines and toxic substances by the Apartheid state.
The burden of a toxic past will haunt future generations in ways that we cannot always anticipate, and South Africans will continue to grapple with questions on how to deal with the past, what is required to bring healing, and where to find assurance that historic harms will never be repeated. It also raises questions about how scientists and medical practitioners can be protected from becoming involved in similar programmes.