Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 1996
Yaslilik yazinin en fazla degisime ugradigi donemdir. Bu calismada yasa bagli yazi ve imza degisi... more Yaslilik yazinin en fazla degisime ugradigi donemdir. Bu calismada yasa bagli yazi ve imza degisikliklerinin ozelliklerini ortaya koyabilmek amaciyla yasli ve genc olgularin rastlantisal secimi ile olusturulan gruplar karsilastirmali olarak incelendi. Yazi ve imza ozellikleri incelenirken dikey hat, yatay hat, sol bosluk, sag bosluk, yazi boyutu, yazi hizi, harfler arasi mesafe, okunaklilik, imla uyumu, kopyalamada hata, imza boyutu, imza tutarliligi, ilk imza-son imza uyumu parametreleri kullanilmaktadir. Yasli gruptaki kisilerde yazi hizinda azalma, harfler arasi mesafenin uzamasi, okunaklilikta bozulma, yazi ve imza boyutunda artma en belirgin ozellikler oldu. Egitimsiz olarak degerlendirilen grupta yatay hat, imla uyumu, ilk ve son imza uyumu bozulmus, imza boyutu buyumus, imza tutarliligi kaybolmus olarak belirlendi. Adli tip pratiginde yazi hizinin azalmasi, harfler arasi mesafenin uzamasi gibi ozellikler taklit yazi ve imzalar yonunden kusku olusmasina neden olabilir. Dokuman...
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 2003
Karbonmonoksit (CO), tum dunyada sik rastlanan ve olumcul zehirlenmelere neden olan cevresel bir ... more Karbonmonoksit (CO), tum dunyada sik rastlanan ve olumcul zehirlenmelere neden olan cevresel bir toksindir. CO zehirlenmelerine bagli sistemik ve norolojik degisiklikler, gazm yarattigi doku hipoksisi ve direkt toksik etki ile olusmaktadir. Birinci olgu; 70 yasinda, 18 gun once evinde kalp ve solunum durmasi ile bulunan ve uygulanan kardiyopulmoner resusitasyonun ardindan, koma tablosunda tedaviye alinan ve yogun bakim komplikasyonlari ile kaybedilen kadin olgu idi. Ikinci olgu 35 yasinda, 8 ay once CO zehirlenmesi nedeni ile tedavi edilen, kooperasyon guclugu ve denge kusurlari gibi norolojik sekellerle iyilesen ancak yuksekten dusme sonucu genel beden travmasina bagli olen kadin olgu idi. Her iki olgu otopsi bulgulari esliginde degerlendirildi Beynin makroskopik incelemesinde birinci olguda bazal ganglionlarda yaygin petesiyal kanama alanlari ve bilateral globus pallidus’u tutan keskin sinirli nekroz alanlari, ikinci olguda beyin atrofisi, bazal gangli-onlar, hipokampus ve beyaz c...
Sepsis is defined as a systemic inflammatory response to infection. This study is aimed to evalua... more Sepsis is defined as a systemic inflammatory response to infection. This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of experimental sepsis on the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa and theca cells in the rat ovary. 28-day-old immature Wistar-Albino female rats were treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin to develop the first generation of preovulatory follicles. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Following in vivo 5-Bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling, animals were sacrificed and ovaries were embedded in paraffin and Epon. Besides electron microscopic evaluation, BrdU, cleaved caspase-3, p27 immunostaining, and TUNEL labeling were performed. In CLP-operated animals, cleaved caspase-3 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in Graafian follicles. TUNEL and BrdU labeling in the ovarian follicles were not statistically different between CLP and sham-operated rats. In septic animals, p27 immunoreactivity was increased significantly in the nuclei of oocytes and decreased in the cytoplasm of granulosa and theca cells in multilaminar primary follicles compared to the sham group. In ultrastructural evaluation, increased apoptosis was observed in theca interna and granulosa cells in both the early and late stages of follicles in the CLP group. In conclusion, experimentally-induced sepsis leads to apoptosis in ovarian follicles at advanced stages of development. Our data suggest that although sepsis may not cause a potential threat to developing follicles at least in the short term, more severe damage may occur during advanced stages of follicle development.
Intravenous (IV) immunoglobulin (Ig) treatment is known to alleviate behavioral deficits and incr... more Intravenous (IV) immunoglobulin (Ig) treatment is known to alleviate behavioral deficits and increase survival in the experimentally induced model of sepsis. To delineate the mechanisms by which IVIg treatment prevents neuronal dysfunction, an array of immunological and apoptosis markers was investigated. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation perforation (CLP) in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: sham, control, CLP + saline, CLP + immunoglobulin G (IgG) (250 mg/kg, iv), and CLP + immunoglobulins enriched with immunoglobulin M (IgGAM) (250 mg/kg, iv). Blood and brain samples were taken in two sets of experiments to see the early (24 h) and late (10 days) effects of treatment. Total complement activity, complement 3 (C3), and soluble complement C5b-9 levels were measured in the sera of rats using ELISA-based methods. Cerebral complement, complement receptor, NF-κB, Bax, and Bcl-2 expressions were analyzed by western blot and/or RT-PCR methods. Immune cell infiltration an...
Yaşlılık yazının en fazla değişime uğradığı dönemdir. Bu çalışmada yaşa bağlı yazı ve imza değişi... more Yaşlılık yazının en fazla değişime uğradığı dönemdir. Bu çalışmada yaşa bağlı yazı ve imza değişikliklerinin özelliklerini ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla yaşlı ve genç olguların rastlantısal seçimi ile oluşturulan gruplar karşılaştırmalı olarak incelendi. Yazı ve imza özellikleri incelenirken dikey hat, yatay hat, sol boşluk, sağ boşluk, yazı boyutu, yazı hızı, harfler arası mesafe, okunaklılık, imla uyumu, kopyalamada hata, imza boyutu, imza tutarlılığı, ilk imza-son imza uyumu parametreleri kullanılmaktadır. Yaşlı gruptaki kişilerde yazı hızında azalma, harfler arası mesafenin uzaması, okunaklılıkta bozulma, yazı ve imza boyutunda artma en belirgin özellikler oldu. Eğitimsiz olarak değerlendirilen grupta yatay hat, imla uyumu, ilk ve son imza uyumu bozulmuş, imza boyutu büyümüş, imza tutarlılığı kaybolmuş olarak belirlendi. Adli tıp pratiğinde yazı hızının azalması, harfler arası mesafenin uzaması gibi özellikler taklit yazı ve imzalar yönünden kuşku oluşmasına neden olabilir. Doküman...
Karbonmonoksit (CO), tüm dünyada sık rastlanan ve ölümcül zehirlenmelere neden olan çevresel bir ... more Karbonmonoksit (CO), tüm dünyada sık rastlanan ve ölümcül zehirlenmelere neden olan çevresel bir toksindir. CO zehirlenmelerine bağlı sistemik ve nörolojik değişiklikler, gazm yarattığı doku hipoksisi ve direkt toksik etki ile oluşmaktadır. Birinci olgu; 70 yaşında, 18 gün önce evinde kalp ve solunum durması ile bulunan ve uygulanan kardiyopulmoner resüsitasyonun ardından, koma tablosunda tedaviye alınan ve yoğun bakım komplikasyonları ile kaybedilen kadın olgu idi. İkinci olgu 35 yaşında, 8 ay önce CO zehirlenmesi nedeni ile tedavi edilen, kooperasyon güçlüğü ve denge kusurları gibi nörolojik sekellerle iyileşen ancak yüksekten düşme sonucu genel beden travmasına bağlı ölen kadın olgu idi. Her iki olgu otopsi bulguları eşliğinde değerlendirildi Beynin makroskopik incelemesinde birinci olguda bazal ganglionlarda yaygın peteşiyal kanama alanları ve bilateral globus pallidus’u tutan keskin sınırlı nekroz alanları, ikinci olguda beyin atrofisi, bazal gangli-onlar, hipokampus ve beyaz c...
This study investigates the effect of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) int... more This study investigates the effect of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity during traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Evans blue (EB) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were used as determinants of BBB permeability. Glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were estimated in the right (injury side) cerebral cortex of animals. The gene expression levels for occludin, glucose transporter (Glut)-1, aquaporin4 (AQP4) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) were performed, and Glut-1 and NF-kB activities were analyzed. BHB treatment decreased GSH and MDA levels in intact animals and in those exposed to TBI (P<0.05). Glut-1 protein levels decreased in sham, BHB and TBI plus BHB groups (P<0.05). NF-κB protein levels increased in animals treated with BHB and/or exposed to TBI (P<0.05). The expression levels of occludin and AQP4 did not significantly change among experimental groups. Glut-1 expression levels increased in BHB treated and untreated animals exposed to TBI (P<0.05). While NF-κB expression levels increased in animals in TBI (P<0.01), a decrease was noticed in these animals upon BHB treatment (P<0.01). In animals exposed to TBI, EB extravasation was observed in the ipsilateral cortex regardless of BHB treatment. Ultrastructurally, BHB attenuated but did not prevent the presence of HRP in brain capillary endothelial cells of animals with TBI; moreover, the drug also led to the observation of the tracer when used in intact rats (P<0.01). Altogether, these results showed that BHB not only failed to provide overall protective effects on BBB in TBI but also led to BBB disruption in healthy animals.
The use of radiation to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy on malignant brain tumors is also kn... more The use of radiation to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy on malignant brain tumors is also known to cause side effects on vascular endothelial cells and astrocytes in normal parts of the brain. We investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the functional and structural properties of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the activity of astrocytes during whole-brain irradiation in rats. The permeability of the BBB to Evans blue (EB) dye significantly increased in the cerebral cortex, diencephalon and cerebellum regions of rats exposed to irradiation (P<0.01). In contrast, the BBB permeability in irradiated rats was significantly reduced by LPS (P<0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were increased following LPS, irradiation and irradiation plus LPS (P<0.05, P<0.01). Irradiated brain vessels showed a considerable loss of staining intensity of tight junction proteins Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. Staining for Zonula occludens-1 and occludin was intensive in animals treated with LPS and irradiation plus LPS. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity was seen in very few astrocytes of irradiated brains. However, this staining showed an increased positive intensity in the brain sections of LPS-treated as well as of irradiation plus LPS-treated animals. These results indicate that LPS reduces the passage of exogenous vascular tracer EB-binding albumin into the brain, at least partly, by increasing the expression of tight junction…
Amaç: Perinatal ölümler tüm doğumların %1,5'unu oluşturmaktadır. Ölü doğumlarda ve neonatal ... more Amaç: Perinatal ölümler tüm doğumların %1,5'unu oluşturmaktadır. Ölü doğumlarda ve neonatal ölümlerde ölüm nedeninin belirlenmesi ailelerde.
This study aimed to explore the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) ... more This study aimed to explore the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in rats, when administered for one (at 2.5 ATA, 3 HBO2 sessions a day) and five days (at 2.5 ATA, 3 HBO2 sessions a day for the first two days, and twice a day for the last three days). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used to evaluate the BBB permeability. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) andmalondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus regions. Frequent vesicles containing HRP reaction products were observed in capillary endothelial cells in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats subjected to HBO2. The accumulation of HRP reaction products in these brain regions was significantly higher than that of control animals (P<0.01). In animals that received HBO2, MDA levels (P<0.01 for 5 days) and GSH (p<0.05 for one day, and P<0.01 for five days) were decreased in the cerebral cortex, whereas SOD activities s...
Author Affiliations: Physicians for Human Rights, Boston, Mass (Ms Frank and Dr Iacopino); Progra... more Author Affiliations: Physicians for Human Rights, Boston, Mass (Ms Frank and Dr Iacopino); Program on Forced Migration and Health, Center for Population and Family Health, The Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (Ms Frank); Department of ...
Abstract: Magnesium probably protects brain tissue against the effects of cerebral ischemia, brai... more Abstract: Magnesium probably protects brain tissue against the effects of cerebral ischemia, brain injury and stroke through its actions as a calcium antagonist and inhibitor of excitatory amino acids. The effects of magnesium sulfate on cerebrovascular permeability to a dye, Evans ...
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hypothermia on the blood-brain barri... more The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hypothermia on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI) in chronically ethanol-treated rats. BBB permeability was measured using Evans blue (EB) dye. Arterial blood pressure levels of animals in hypothermic groups decreased significantly. The EB dye extravasation into the brain significantly increased in hypothermia and at 6 and 24 h after TBI. In ethanol-treated rats that were subjected to TBI, hypothermia led to a significant decrease in EB dye content in the brain at 24 h but not at 6 h after TBI when compared with TBI alone.
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 1996
Yaslilik yazinin en fazla degisime ugradigi donemdir. Bu calismada yasa bagli yazi ve imza degisi... more Yaslilik yazinin en fazla degisime ugradigi donemdir. Bu calismada yasa bagli yazi ve imza degisikliklerinin ozelliklerini ortaya koyabilmek amaciyla yasli ve genc olgularin rastlantisal secimi ile olusturulan gruplar karsilastirmali olarak incelendi. Yazi ve imza ozellikleri incelenirken dikey hat, yatay hat, sol bosluk, sag bosluk, yazi boyutu, yazi hizi, harfler arasi mesafe, okunaklilik, imla uyumu, kopyalamada hata, imza boyutu, imza tutarliligi, ilk imza-son imza uyumu parametreleri kullanilmaktadir. Yasli gruptaki kisilerde yazi hizinda azalma, harfler arasi mesafenin uzamasi, okunaklilikta bozulma, yazi ve imza boyutunda artma en belirgin ozellikler oldu. Egitimsiz olarak degerlendirilen grupta yatay hat, imla uyumu, ilk ve son imza uyumu bozulmus, imza boyutu buyumus, imza tutarliligi kaybolmus olarak belirlendi. Adli tip pratiginde yazi hizinin azalmasi, harfler arasi mesafenin uzamasi gibi ozellikler taklit yazi ve imzalar yonunden kusku olusmasina neden olabilir. Dokuman...
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 2003
Karbonmonoksit (CO), tum dunyada sik rastlanan ve olumcul zehirlenmelere neden olan cevresel bir ... more Karbonmonoksit (CO), tum dunyada sik rastlanan ve olumcul zehirlenmelere neden olan cevresel bir toksindir. CO zehirlenmelerine bagli sistemik ve norolojik degisiklikler, gazm yarattigi doku hipoksisi ve direkt toksik etki ile olusmaktadir. Birinci olgu; 70 yasinda, 18 gun once evinde kalp ve solunum durmasi ile bulunan ve uygulanan kardiyopulmoner resusitasyonun ardindan, koma tablosunda tedaviye alinan ve yogun bakim komplikasyonlari ile kaybedilen kadin olgu idi. Ikinci olgu 35 yasinda, 8 ay once CO zehirlenmesi nedeni ile tedavi edilen, kooperasyon guclugu ve denge kusurlari gibi norolojik sekellerle iyilesen ancak yuksekten dusme sonucu genel beden travmasina bagli olen kadin olgu idi. Her iki olgu otopsi bulgulari esliginde degerlendirildi Beynin makroskopik incelemesinde birinci olguda bazal ganglionlarda yaygin petesiyal kanama alanlari ve bilateral globus pallidus’u tutan keskin sinirli nekroz alanlari, ikinci olguda beyin atrofisi, bazal gangli-onlar, hipokampus ve beyaz c...
Sepsis is defined as a systemic inflammatory response to infection. This study is aimed to evalua... more Sepsis is defined as a systemic inflammatory response to infection. This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of experimental sepsis on the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa and theca cells in the rat ovary. 28-day-old immature Wistar-Albino female rats were treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin to develop the first generation of preovulatory follicles. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Following in vivo 5-Bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling, animals were sacrificed and ovaries were embedded in paraffin and Epon. Besides electron microscopic evaluation, BrdU, cleaved caspase-3, p27 immunostaining, and TUNEL labeling were performed. In CLP-operated animals, cleaved caspase-3 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in Graafian follicles. TUNEL and BrdU labeling in the ovarian follicles were not statistically different between CLP and sham-operated rats. In septic animals, p27 immunoreactivity was increased significantly in the nuclei of oocytes and decreased in the cytoplasm of granulosa and theca cells in multilaminar primary follicles compared to the sham group. In ultrastructural evaluation, increased apoptosis was observed in theca interna and granulosa cells in both the early and late stages of follicles in the CLP group. In conclusion, experimentally-induced sepsis leads to apoptosis in ovarian follicles at advanced stages of development. Our data suggest that although sepsis may not cause a potential threat to developing follicles at least in the short term, more severe damage may occur during advanced stages of follicle development.
Intravenous (IV) immunoglobulin (Ig) treatment is known to alleviate behavioral deficits and incr... more Intravenous (IV) immunoglobulin (Ig) treatment is known to alleviate behavioral deficits and increase survival in the experimentally induced model of sepsis. To delineate the mechanisms by which IVIg treatment prevents neuronal dysfunction, an array of immunological and apoptosis markers was investigated. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation perforation (CLP) in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: sham, control, CLP + saline, CLP + immunoglobulin G (IgG) (250 mg/kg, iv), and CLP + immunoglobulins enriched with immunoglobulin M (IgGAM) (250 mg/kg, iv). Blood and brain samples were taken in two sets of experiments to see the early (24 h) and late (10 days) effects of treatment. Total complement activity, complement 3 (C3), and soluble complement C5b-9 levels were measured in the sera of rats using ELISA-based methods. Cerebral complement, complement receptor, NF-κB, Bax, and Bcl-2 expressions were analyzed by western blot and/or RT-PCR methods. Immune cell infiltration an...
Yaşlılık yazının en fazla değişime uğradığı dönemdir. Bu çalışmada yaşa bağlı yazı ve imza değişi... more Yaşlılık yazının en fazla değişime uğradığı dönemdir. Bu çalışmada yaşa bağlı yazı ve imza değişikliklerinin özelliklerini ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla yaşlı ve genç olguların rastlantısal seçimi ile oluşturulan gruplar karşılaştırmalı olarak incelendi. Yazı ve imza özellikleri incelenirken dikey hat, yatay hat, sol boşluk, sağ boşluk, yazı boyutu, yazı hızı, harfler arası mesafe, okunaklılık, imla uyumu, kopyalamada hata, imza boyutu, imza tutarlılığı, ilk imza-son imza uyumu parametreleri kullanılmaktadır. Yaşlı gruptaki kişilerde yazı hızında azalma, harfler arası mesafenin uzaması, okunaklılıkta bozulma, yazı ve imza boyutunda artma en belirgin özellikler oldu. Eğitimsiz olarak değerlendirilen grupta yatay hat, imla uyumu, ilk ve son imza uyumu bozulmuş, imza boyutu büyümüş, imza tutarlılığı kaybolmuş olarak belirlendi. Adli tıp pratiğinde yazı hızının azalması, harfler arası mesafenin uzaması gibi özellikler taklit yazı ve imzalar yönünden kuşku oluşmasına neden olabilir. Doküman...
Karbonmonoksit (CO), tüm dünyada sık rastlanan ve ölümcül zehirlenmelere neden olan çevresel bir ... more Karbonmonoksit (CO), tüm dünyada sık rastlanan ve ölümcül zehirlenmelere neden olan çevresel bir toksindir. CO zehirlenmelerine bağlı sistemik ve nörolojik değişiklikler, gazm yarattığı doku hipoksisi ve direkt toksik etki ile oluşmaktadır. Birinci olgu; 70 yaşında, 18 gün önce evinde kalp ve solunum durması ile bulunan ve uygulanan kardiyopulmoner resüsitasyonun ardından, koma tablosunda tedaviye alınan ve yoğun bakım komplikasyonları ile kaybedilen kadın olgu idi. İkinci olgu 35 yaşında, 8 ay önce CO zehirlenmesi nedeni ile tedavi edilen, kooperasyon güçlüğü ve denge kusurları gibi nörolojik sekellerle iyileşen ancak yüksekten düşme sonucu genel beden travmasına bağlı ölen kadın olgu idi. Her iki olgu otopsi bulguları eşliğinde değerlendirildi Beynin makroskopik incelemesinde birinci olguda bazal ganglionlarda yaygın peteşiyal kanama alanları ve bilateral globus pallidus’u tutan keskin sınırlı nekroz alanları, ikinci olguda beyin atrofisi, bazal gangli-onlar, hipokampus ve beyaz c...
This study investigates the effect of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) int... more This study investigates the effect of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity during traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Evans blue (EB) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were used as determinants of BBB permeability. Glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were estimated in the right (injury side) cerebral cortex of animals. The gene expression levels for occludin, glucose transporter (Glut)-1, aquaporin4 (AQP4) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) were performed, and Glut-1 and NF-kB activities were analyzed. BHB treatment decreased GSH and MDA levels in intact animals and in those exposed to TBI (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). Glut-1 protein levels decreased in sham, BHB and TBI plus BHB groups (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). NF-κB protein levels increased in animals treated with BHB and/or exposed to TBI (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). The expression levels of occludin and AQP4 did not significantly change among experimental groups. Glut-1 expression levels increased in BHB treated and untreated animals exposed to TBI (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). While NF-κB expression levels increased in animals in TBI (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01), a decrease was noticed in these animals upon BHB treatment (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01). In animals exposed to TBI, EB extravasation was observed in the ipsilateral cortex regardless of BHB treatment. Ultrastructurally, BHB attenuated but did not prevent the presence of HRP in brain capillary endothelial cells of animals with TBI; moreover, the drug also led to the observation of the tracer when used in intact rats (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01). Altogether, these results showed that BHB not only failed to provide overall protective effects on BBB in TBI but also led to BBB disruption in healthy animals.
The use of radiation to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy on malignant brain tumors is also kn... more The use of radiation to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy on malignant brain tumors is also known to cause side effects on vascular endothelial cells and astrocytes in normal parts of the brain. We investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the functional and structural properties of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the activity of astrocytes during whole-brain irradiation in rats. The permeability of the BBB to Evans blue (EB) dye significantly increased in the cerebral cortex, diencephalon and cerebellum regions of rats exposed to irradiation (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01). In contrast, the BBB permeability in irradiated rats was significantly reduced by LPS (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were increased following LPS, irradiation and irradiation plus LPS (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05, P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01). Irradiated brain vessels showed a considerable loss of staining intensity of tight junction proteins Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. Staining for Zonula occludens-1 and occludin was intensive in animals treated with LPS and irradiation plus LPS. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity was seen in very few astrocytes of irradiated brains. However, this staining showed an increased positive intensity in the brain sections of LPS-treated as well as of irradiation plus LPS-treated animals. These results indicate that LPS reduces the passage of exogenous vascular tracer EB-binding albumin into the brain, at least partly, by increasing the expression of tight junction…
Amaç: Perinatal ölümler tüm doğumların %1,5'unu oluşturmaktadır. Ölü doğumlarda ve neonatal ... more Amaç: Perinatal ölümler tüm doğumların %1,5'unu oluşturmaktadır. Ölü doğumlarda ve neonatal ölümlerde ölüm nedeninin belirlenmesi ailelerde.
This study aimed to explore the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) ... more This study aimed to explore the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in rats, when administered for one (at 2.5 ATA, 3 HBO2 sessions a day) and five days (at 2.5 ATA, 3 HBO2 sessions a day for the first two days, and twice a day for the last three days). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used to evaluate the BBB permeability. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) andmalondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus regions. Frequent vesicles containing HRP reaction products were observed in capillary endothelial cells in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats subjected to HBO2. The accumulation of HRP reaction products in these brain regions was significantly higher than that of control animals (P<0.01). In animals that received HBO2, MDA levels (P<0.01 for 5 days) and GSH (p<0.05 for one day, and P<0.01 for five days) were decreased in the cerebral cortex, whereas SOD activities s...
Author Affiliations: Physicians for Human Rights, Boston, Mass (Ms Frank and Dr Iacopino); Progra... more Author Affiliations: Physicians for Human Rights, Boston, Mass (Ms Frank and Dr Iacopino); Program on Forced Migration and Health, Center for Population and Family Health, The Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY (Ms Frank); Department of ...
Abstract: Magnesium probably protects brain tissue against the effects of cerebral ischemia, brai... more Abstract: Magnesium probably protects brain tissue against the effects of cerebral ischemia, brain injury and stroke through its actions as a calcium antagonist and inhibitor of excitatory amino acids. The effects of magnesium sulfate on cerebrovascular permeability to a dye, Evans ...
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hypothermia on the blood-brain barri... more The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hypothermia on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI) in chronically ethanol-treated rats. BBB permeability was measured using Evans blue (EB) dye. Arterial blood pressure levels of animals in hypothermic groups decreased significantly. The EB dye extravasation into the brain significantly increased in hypothermia and at 6 and 24 h after TBI. In ethanol-treated rats that were subjected to TBI, hypothermia led to a significant decrease in EB dye content in the brain at 24 h but not at 6 h after TBI when compared with TBI alone.
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