Taner Okan

Forest ecosystems in the Mediterranean Basin experience frequent forest fires, and the risk of hazards to people and assets is expected to increase in the face of climate change. Turkey is one of the countries in the Mediterranean Basin that has faced extreme forest fires in recent years. Forest firefighters are key actors at the forefront of fighting forest fires, and their effectiveness is largely related to in-service training. This study investigates the differences in in-service training and knowledge competencies of forest firefighters working in five fire-sensitive regions in Turkey. The results of the study are based on a survey of 975 forest firefighters. Sociodemographic data are presented as frequency, mean, and percentages. The Kruskal–Wallis H test was used to determine the differences in the perceptions of forest firefighters in the five fire-sensitive regions. It was determined that 89.74% of forest firefighters participated in in-service training, and the participati...

In this study, Turkey's chestnut production and trade potential have been revealed and the socioeconomic dimension of benefiting from chestnuts has been evaluated comparatively on the basis of regional differences. Chestnut, which is used as wood raw material and non-wood forest product, is an important source of income and food. In this sense, the traditional ecological knowledge that has been passed from generation to generation for centuries has provided the formation of an ancient culture on benefiting from chestnut. The economic value created by utilizing the wood and fruit of the chestnut, which is widely distributed in the regions having different ecological characteristics in Anatolia, has resulted in the application of different management approaches. There are five different periods in which the amount of chestnut production varies in Turkey. Aydın, İzmir, Sinop, Kastamonu and Bartın are the provinces that become prominent in chestnut production of Turkey. The degree o...

In the Kozak Basin, which is the most important pine nut production and trade center in Turkey, there has been a significant decrease in production recently. In this study, the perspectives of the farmers in this area were investigated, specifically about reasons for the decrease in yields. For this purpose, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 378 pine nut farmers from the Kozak Basin. It was determined that the average age of the farmers is high, their educational achievement level is low, they generally also work in alternative sectors and almost all of them grow pine nuts in their own pine groves. The farmers’ perception of cooperatives was found to be negative. In general, the local people continue to produce pine nuts in their own pine groves, but nearly half of the participants also worked in other sectors to maintain their standard of living. Farmers attribute the low yield in the Kozak Basin to both abiotic and biotic factors. Mining activities, which are increasing, ar...

In forest enterprises, the process of evaluation technique personnel's performance has operated by getting the base of register report as the other public associations and establishments. When the conditions peculiar to forestry are thought, it is necessary to be introduced and applied of new approaches. In this concept, it is indispensable that the administrators who compose the management cadre of state forest enterprises have to benefit from modern management techniques. According to this, ranking and linear combination technique are profited with the aim of calculating performance levels of forest engineers in this article. A criterion set, composed of forty-four elements to be developed with this aim, is benefited. The research has been carried out by taking consideration of the performances in 2010 of eight forest engineers who are on duty in Denizli Forest Enterprise Directorship. In the result of this study, a ranking is gained in consideration of the performances of for...

Bu calismada, Devlet Orman Isletmelerinden odun hammaddesi satin alan musterilerin odun tedarik surecine iliskin beklentilerinin tespit edilmesi amaclanmistir. Bu amacla Istanbul, Bursa, Sakarya ve Canakkale Orman Bolge Mudurluklerinden acik artirmali satislar kapsaminda odun hammaddesi satin alan 265 alici ile yuz yuze gorusme teknigi oncelikli olmak uzere anket calismasi yapilmistir. Calismada elde edilen veriler tanimlayici istatistiklerle degerlendirilmistir. Calisma alaninda acik artirmali satislara Bu calismada, Devlet Orman Isletmelerinden odun hammaddesi satin alan musterilerin odun tedarik surecine iliskin beklentilerinin tespit edilmesi amaclanmistir. Bu amacla Istanbul, Bursa, Sakarya ve Canakkale Orman Bolge Mudurluklerinden acik artirmali satislar kapsaminda odun hammaddesi satin alan 265 alici ile yuz yuze gorusme teknigi oncelikli olmak uzere anket calismasi yapilmistir. Calismada elde edilen veriler tanimlayici istatistiklerle degerlendirilmistir. Calisma alaninda ac...

Bu calismada, 1980-2005 yillari arasinda Hazine Mustesarligi Tesvik Uygulama Genel Mudurlugu tarafindan "Orman Urunleri" konusunda duzenlenen yatirim tesvik belgeleri kapsaminda "Mobilya Uretimi", "Buro Mobilyasi Imalati" ve "Mobilya ve Lambri" aIt sektorleri analiz edilmistir. Bu aIt sektorler icin duzenlenen yatirim tesvik belgeleri sabit yatirim, istihdam, doviz kullanimi ve bolgeler itibariyle dagilimi acisindan irdelenmistir. Turkiye'de Orman Urunleri Endustrisi konusunda en fazla yatirim tesvik belgesi Mobilya Endustrisi alt sektoru icin duzenlenmistir. Orman Urunleri Endustrisinde yatirim tesviklerinden en fazla Karadeniz Bolgesi yararlanmaktayken, Mobilya Endustrisinde Ic Anadolu Bolgesi ilk sirada yer almistir. Diger yandan, ulke ekonomisinde yasanan ekonomik krizlerin yatirim tesviklerinin kullanimini olumsuz etkiledigi tespit edilmistir.

Forest Products Trade Between Turkey and Southern Caucasian Countries Tugba Deniz Istanbul Universitesi Orman Fakultesi, Ormancilik Ekonomisi Anabilim Dali, 34473 Bahcekoy/Istanbul, denizt@istanbul.edu.tr Taner Okan Istanbul Universitesi Orman Fakultesi, Ormancilik Ekonomisi Anabilim Dali, 34473 Bahcekoy/Istanbul, tokan@istanbul.edu.tr ABSTRACT Foreign trade volume and especially the exportation are considered as important factors for countries in order to achieve sustainable development level. Also, one of the strategies to increase exportation is to establish policies aiming at promotion of regional trade to be implemented among neighbouring countries. In this context, in Turkey, "Neighbouring and Nearby Countries Trade Development Strategy” was put into effect in 2000. According to this strategy, one of the regions where the new instruments will be used for the development of trade is the Caucasus. Geographically, the territory of the Caucasus covers two regions separated by...

Kestane, Turkiye ve Kafkasya’da uzun yillardir dogal ormanlarindan veya kulture alinan bireylerinden faydalanilan onemli bir turdur. Gunumuzde bu turun onemi, meyvesi, odunu, yapragi ve ciceginin ulke genelinde yaygin ticari ve evici kullanimindan kaynaklanmaktadir. Buna bagli olarak kestane ve kestaneden faydalanmanin urettigi kulturel bir birikim soz konusudur. Bu kulturel birikimin boyutlarindan biri kestane ve kullanimiyla ilgili geleneksel terim bilgisidir. Ulke genelindeki yaygin kullanima ragmen geleneksel terim bilgisi hakkinda yeterli sayida ve icerikte calismalar bulunmamaktadir. Bu calismada, Turkiye’de kestane ve kullanimi ile ilgili geleneksel terim bilgisinin ortaya cikarilmasi hedeflenmistir. Calismada kullanilan yontem uc asamadan olusmaktadir. Ilk olarak Turkce Derleme Sozlugunde bulunan kestane ile ilgili terimler cikarilmistir. Daha sonra bu kelimelere dayanilarak arazi calismasinda kullanilmak uzere bir anket formu duzenlenmistir. Turkiye’nin Dogu Karadeniz, Bati...

Turkiye’de, av ve yaban hayati kaynaklarinin surdurulebilir yonetiminin saglanmasina dair calismalar son yirmi yilda yogunlasmistir. Av ve yaban hayati kaynaklarinin korunmasi, gelistirilmesi ve surdurulebilir yonetimine yonelik faaliyetler, hala uygun bir yapiya kavusmamakta birlikte, faydalanmanin kisitlanmasi, av veyaban hayvani uretimi ve yerlestirme, egitim, bilgilendirme, mevzuat gelistirme, koruma-kontrol (denetim) gibi tekniklerle bir arada yurutulmektedir. Avcilar, av veyaban hayati kaynaklarindan dogrudan faydalanan ilgi ve cikar gruplarindan biri olup, avci dernekleri adi altinda orgutlenmektedirler. Avci dernekleri, daha cok avcilarin avlanma etkiliginin gerceklestirilmesine yardimci olan calismalari yaninda, yetersiz duzeyde de olsa av ve yaban hayati yonetimine katki saglayan, habitat duzenleme, av hayvanlarinin uretimi, korunmasi,envanteri ile planlanmasi, avcilarin denetimi ve egitimi vb. konularda faaliyet gosteren, sorumluluk alan cevreci orgutlerdir. Bu nedenle, a...

The European chestnut population is enduring multiple compounding exotic pest and disease outbreaks across Turkey. The deeply held value of the chestnut species for the Turkish public is reflected in substantial government conservation programming. Chestnut is predominantly found on state land managed by Turkey’s General Directorate of Forestry (GDF), which generally upholds restrictive policies for chestnut-related livelihood practices other than nut collection and beehive placement. Such policies are justified by a government position that human activities and presence is likely to worsen disease dynamics. Conversely, a growing body of research findings testify that small-scale livelihood practices maintain biological diversity and, furthermore, that this traditional maintenance of diversity has been correlated with decreased pathogen pressure within agroecosystems. However, few studies have investigated this phenomenon in the context of agroforestry systems. At a global ecologica...

... osevgi@istanbul.edu.tr *** H. Barış Tecimen, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi, Toprak İlmi ve Ekoloji Anabilim Dalı, 34473, Bahçeköy, İstanbul. Page 2. 120 ... hammaddesi ağaç olan el sanatları, hammaddesi cam olan el sanatları, hammaddesi taş olan el ...

... bir deyim” olarak tanımlamaktadır. Toprağın suyu emme kabiliyeti, yağmurdan sonra kuruyarak çatlaması veya geçirimsizleşmesi, toprağın yağmur yardımıyla tavlanması ... 1997. Page 13. 247 Korkmaz, Zeynep, Cumhuriyet döneminde bir kültür dili olarak Türkçe Türk Dili Üzerine ...

... Yılı, çev. D. Ahsen Batur, Selenge Yayınları 10, Tarih Dizisi Nu: 7, 2003. ... Rasonyi, Laszlo, “Macar Arkeolojisinde Hunlar, Avarlar, Macarlar”, 1 Mayıs 1937'de Ankara Halkevinde Konferans, Yayına Hazırlayan Yusuf Gedikli, Doğu Avrupa'da Türklük, s. ...

Tarih öncesi dönemde insanoğlu için beslenme kaynağı ve yaşamını devam ... Av hayvanlarının ve yaban hayatının büyük bir kısmını bünyesinde barındıran ülke ... Ülkemizde av ve yaban hayatı kaynaklarında azalma ve tükenme yaşanırken, avcı ... * Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sultan Bekiroğlu, ...

Kestane, Turkiye ve Kafkasya’da uzun yillardir dogal ormanlarindan veya kulture alinan bireylerinden faydalanilan onemli bir turdur. Gunumuzde bu turun onemi, meyvesi, odunu, yapragi ve ciceginin ulke genelinde yaygin ticari ve evici kullanimindan kaynaklanmaktadir. Buna bagli olarak kestane ve kestaneden faydalanmanin urettigi kulturel bir birikim soz konusudur. Bu kulturel birikimin boyutlarindan biri kestane ve kullanimiyla ilgili geleneksel terim bilgisidir. Ulke genelindeki yaygin kullanima ragmen geleneksel terim bilgisi hakkinda yeterli sayida ve icerikte calismalar bulunmamaktadir. Bu calismada, Turkiye’de kestane ve kullanimi ile ilgili geleneksel terim bilgisinin ortaya cikarilmasi hedeflenmistir. Calismada kullanilan yontem uc asamadan olusmaktadir. Ilk olarak Turkce Derleme Sozlugunde bulunan kestane ile ilgili terimler cikarilmistir. Daha sonra bu kelimelere dayanilarak arazi calismasinda kullanilmak uzere bir anket formu duzenlenmistir. Turkiye’nin Dogu Karadeniz, Bati...

We utilize a dataset generated by 17 months of fieldwork, including tree health surveys and ethnobotanical questionnaires, to explore a participant-generated hypothesis that coppiced-tree honey collection is eclipsing nut collection as a strategy for the maintenance of chestnut landscapes in the face of increasingly severe pest and disease pressure. We explore this local hypothesis through quantitative analysis of a combined geographic, physiological, and ethnobotanical dataset. We verify participants’ hypothesis and forecast relative success for their projected silvicultural strategy based on outcomes from other contexts. Our findings contribute to emerging consensus in mobility ethnobotany and core flora studies that the increase in importance of plant medicinal value occurs under conditions of rapid change and that valued species enjoy heightened ecological protection in new environments. Further, we highlight the importance of “thinking with” the tension of indigeneity and adaptations required to survive extreme and ubiquitous environmental change, including migration and ecological alteration.

Ecotourism is a nature-and culture-based type of tourism. Ecotourists demand more environmentally aimed tourism experiences. Ecotourism practices should result in a non-consumptive use of natural and cultural resources. However, while ecotourism activities ...

This study focused on opportunities in cultural heritage related to the promotion of nature protection. People currently living in Anatolia are the inheritors of the many civilizations that lived there before them, traces and effects of these former civilizations may be observed in the ...

The European chestnut population is enduring multiple compounding exotic pest and disease outbreaks across Turkey. The deeply held value of the chestnut species for the Turkish public is reflected in substantial government conservation programming. Chestnut is predominantly found on state land managed by Turkey's General Directorate of Forestry (GDF), which generally upholds restrictive policies for chestnut-related livelihood practices other than nut collection and beehive placement. Such policies are justified by a government position that human activities and presence is likely to worsen disease dynamics. Conversely, a growing body of research findings testify that small-scale livelihood practices maintain biological diversity and, furthermore, that this traditional maintenance of diversity has been correlated with decreased pathogen pressure within agroecosystems. However, few studies have investigated this phenomenon in the context of agroforestry systems. At a global ecological moment of increasingly pervasive and severe exotic forest pathogen impact, this paper investigates the influence of diverse small-scale livelihood practices and knowledge on chestnut tree health across the highly heterogenous geography of Turkey. We conducted ethnobotanical questionnaires with 96 chestnut-utilizing households, and chestnut tree health evaluations in georeferenced forest areas they identified, throughout Turkey's Black Sea, Marmara, and Aegean regions. Using data from 1500 trees, we characterized the effects of subsequently recorded environmental, physiological, and anthropogenic factors on tree health using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), multiple factor analysis (MFA), and mixed models. Our results show that the traditional human management of tree physiology and ecology has a significant positive effect on tree health, especially through the acts of grafting and culling as well as the maintenance of diversity. We argue that conceptualizing such livelihood systems as human niche construction and maintenance can help forest management agencies to better understand and conserve valuable landscapes, even in increasingly common periods of severe pathogenic pressure.

Özet Kestane, Türkiye ve Kafkasya'da uzun yıllardır doğal ormanlarından veya kültüre alınan bireylerinden faydalanılan önemli bir türdür. Günümüzde bu türün önemi, meyvesi, odunu, yaprağı ve çiçeğinin ülke genelinde yaygın ticari ve eviçi kullanımından kaynaklanmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak kestane ve kestaneden faydalanmanın ürettiği kültürel bir birikim söz konusudur. Bu kültürel birikimin boyutlarından biri kestane ve kullanımıyla ilgili geleneksel terim bilgisidir. Ülke genelindeki yaygın kullanıma rağmen geleneksel terim bilgisi hakkında yeterli sayıda ve içerikte çalışmalar bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de kestane ve kullanımı ile ilgili geleneksel terim bilgisinin ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan yöntem üç aşamadan oluşmaktadır. İlk olarak Türkçe Derleme Sözlüğünde bulunan kestane ile ilgili terimler çıkarılmıştır. Daha sonra bu kelimelere dayanılarak arazi çalışmasında kullanılmak üzere bir anket formu düzenlenmiştir. Türkiye'nin Doğu Karadeniz, Batı Karadeniz, Ege ve Marmara bölgelerinde 10 farklı ilde yürütülen saha çalışmalarında kestaneden faydalanan hane halkları ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda kestane ağacının ve meyvesinin kullanımına dayalı olarak yüksek bir terim çeşitliliği olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler; Kestane, Geleneksel Kullanım, Geleneksel Terim Bilgisi TRADITIONAL TERMS FOR SWEET CHESTNUT (Castanea sativa Mill.) AND ITS USAGE IN TURKEY Abstract The European sweet chestnut is an important species, which has been managed from natural forest or domesticated trees for the longest period of time in Turkey and the Caucasus. Today the importance of this species in Turkey, especially its nuts, timber and honey, is evident from abundant commercial trade and domestic use. Accordingly, a cultural knowledge has been formed from chestnut and its utilization. One dimensions of this cultural knowledge is the traditional term knowledge of chestnut and its usage. Despite widespread use throughout the country, there is not enough study on traditional terminology information and its content. In this research, we aimed to find out traditional term knowledge related to chestnut and its use in Turkey. Three steps are applied: First, we listed terms from Turkish Compilation Dictionary. Second, a questionnaire form was prepared for using in the field study, based on these words. Finally, we conducted research in 10 provinces throughout Turkey's Western Black Sea, Eastern Black Sea, Marmara and Aegean provinces in order to investigate household knowledge of chestnut traits and uses. Our results verify a high level of diversity of terminology for the tree, the parts of the tree, and for the uses and management of these.