To determine the optimal time interval between tumescent local anesthesia infiltration and the st... more To determine the optimal time interval between tumescent local anesthesia infiltration and the start of hand surgery without a tourniquet for improved operative field visibility. Patients aged 16 to 60 years who needed contracture release and tendon repair in the hand were enrolled from the outpatient clinic. Patients were randomized to 10-, 15-, or 25-minute intervals between tumescent anesthetic solution infiltration (0.18% lidocaine and 1:221,000 epinephrine) and the start of surgery. The end point of tumescence anesthetic infiltration was pale and firm skin. The surgical team was blinded to the time of anesthetic infiltration. At the completion of the procedure, the surgeon and the first assistant rated the operative field visibility as excellent, fair, or poor. We used logistic regression models without and with adjustment for confounding variables. Of the 75 patients enrolled in the study, 59 (79%) were males, 7 were randomized to 10-minute time intervals (further randomization was stopped after interim analysis found consistently poor operative field visibility), and 34 were randomized to the each of the 15- and 25-minute groups. Patients who were randomized to the 25-minute delay group had 29 times higher odds of having an excellent operative visual field than those randomized to the 15-minute delay group. After adjusting for age, sex, amount of tumescent solution infiltration, and duration of operation, the odds ratio remained highly significant. We found that an interval of 25 minutes provides vastly superior operative field visibility; 10-minute delay had the poorest results. Therapeutic I.
This study presents the electrical properties of Fe2O3 based humidity sensors fabricated by the u... more This study presents the electrical properties of Fe2O3 based humidity sensors fabricated by the use of Fe2O3 powder and silicone liquid adhesive. For the fabrication of Cu/Fe2O3-Adhesive/Cu sensors, Fe2O3 powder was mixed in a 50 wt. % silicon liquid adhesive and then deposited between copper electrodes. These preliminary deposited Cu electrodes having 40 µm gap between them were deposited on glass substrates by vacuum thermal evaporation. The capacitance and dissipation of the sensors were measured under the effect of relative humidity (RH) and the resistance was calculated. It was found that with increase in humidity from 54%-94%, the resistance of the sensors decreases by 6375 times and capacitance increases by 5714 times respectively. The resistance and the capacitance-humidity relationships show significant change in the range of 54%-80% RH and 80%-94% RH respectively. The humidity dependent properties of the sensor make it attractive to be use in capacitive and resistive type ...
Pituitary gland is an uncommon site of a primary cancer. Of more than 600 cases of pituitary tumo... more Pituitary gland is an uncommon site of a primary cancer. Of more than 600 cases of pituitary tumors seen at the KFSH&RC between 1975 to 1998 only 3 patients had primary pituitary cancer. We have previously reported a case of pituitary fibrosarcoma arising as a rare complication of external radiotherapy (ERT) for GH-secreting pituitary adenoma (PA) [1]. We report now 2 cases of ACTH-producing primary pituitary carcinoma (ACTH-PPC); their follow-up data provide information on the natural history of this cancer. Patient #1; a 46 year old lady with Cushing's disease (CD) presented with an enlarged right cervical lymph node (LN) 2 years after having undergone a partial hypophysectomy through transsphenoidal surgery (PHYPX/TSS) and ERT for an invasive pituitary tumor. Patient #2; a 26 year old man presented with CD and underwent bilateral adrenalectomy (ADx) and pituitary ERT. Thirty-nine months later he developed Nelson's syndrome and a PHYPX/TSS was performed. Incidentally disco...
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1995
1. J Pak Med Assoc. 1995 Jul;45(7):187-8. A study of serum vitamin B12 and folate levels in patie... more 1. J Pak Med Assoc. 1995 Jul;45(7):187-8. A study of serum vitamin B12 and folate levels in patients of megaloblastic anaemia in northern Pakistan. Modood-ul-Mannan, Anwar M, Saleem M, Wiqar A, Ahmad M. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi. ...
This study is related to performance based design by distributing the damage uniformity throughou... more This study is related to performance based design by distributing the damage uniformity throughout the stories of the structure. In performance based design usually performance targets are specified, which are to be achieved these limitations address to the structural damage. Structural damage is quantified by story ductility ratios. Thus, for uniform damage the story ductility ratio for all stories should be constant, or at least within a marginal limits like 10 % of their average. In this study a regular moment resisting frame building with 13 stories and 3 bays in east west and 7 bays in north-south direction was selected. The behavior and properties of critical frame under different levels of uniform structural damage was investigated. The obtained results were used for a particular level of structural damage distributed uniformly along the height. Results from this study suggest that uniform damage allows better energy dissipation of structure and prevents story mechanism. Also...
This paper presents results of an experimental study carried out to investigate the suitability o... more This paper presents results of an experimental study carried out to investigate the suitability of using locally available coarse aggregates in Azad Kashmir to make concrete. Aggregate samples were collected from three different quarries according to ASTM sampling procedure. The experiments were performed on collected samples of coarse aggregates to evaluate their physical and mechanical properties as per ASTM and BS standards. Concrete compositions made using the same aggregates were tested for mechanical properties (compressive strength and tensile strength). The results of this study showed that the concrete made using locally available aggregates in Azad Kashmir performed satisfactorily in terms of mechanical properties. Moreover, their performance was found to be quite similar to those aggregates commonly available and used in Pakistan such as Margallah and Sargodha aggregates.
In this research, effect of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex on water absorption and compress... more In this research, effect of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex on water absorption and compressive strength of concrete has been studied. A locally available Sika-Latex is used as SBR Latex. It has been observed that SBR latex improves the internal structure of the latex modified concrete resulting in considerable reduction in the water absorption value at 28 days of age. However, at early age, the effect of SBR latex on water absorption is adverse. Same trend is noticed for the compressive strength; at 7 days of age, SBR latex has negative effect while at 28 days, the addition of SBR latex in concrete results in enhancement of compressive strength. Based on the results of this study, latex modified concrete made using Sika-Latex may be recommended to be used in RC structures in Pakistan. However, for the mixes rich in cement, the dosage of Sika-Latex needs to be adjusted to maintain required workability of concrete.
One of the alternate to minimize the expansion joints in prestressed concrete bridges is to use c... more One of the alternate to minimize the expansion joints in prestressed concrete bridges is to use continuous bridges in place of simply supported bridges by connecting the ends of the girders over the supports with a continuity connection. More continuity means shallow sections or longer spans which will consequently reduce the total cost of the bridge. Unlike the simply supported bridges, the design and construction of continuous bridges connected with the continuity connection require some additional consideration due to time-dependent restraint moments. Restraint moments are developed at the continuity connection due to creep and shrinkage effects which makes the design of continuous bridges different from conventional bridges. In this study, the construction stage time dependent analysis method is proposed using age adjusted effective modulus method (AEMM). In the proposed method of analysis, firstly, the change in curvature at number of sections due to creep, shrinkage and relaxa...
To investigate the potential relationship of socioeconomic status with the prevalence of Epstein-... more To investigate the potential relationship of socioeconomic status with the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and to understand the significance of del-LMP-1 within EBV+ cases of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), we studied 10 cases of BL, 30 cases of diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) arising in nonimmunocompromised patients, and 30 reactive tonsillar biopsy specimens from Pakistan. Each lymphoma was analyzed for EBV by EBER1 RNA in situ hybridization (EBV-RISH). Cases showing hybridization signal within neoplastic cells and all reactive tonsillar tissues were analyzed for EBV strain type by EBNA-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for the presence of a del-LMP-1 by PCR. Eight of 10 (80%) of BL were EBV+, each containing EBV strain A and a wild-type LMP-1 gene. In contrast, only 4 of 30 DLCL (13%) cases were EBV positive (three strain A, one strain B), each containing a wild-type LMP-1 gene. Fifteen of 30 tonsillar biopsy specimens contained EBV, all of which were strain A and wild-type for LMP1. The prevalence of EBV in BL from Pakistan is slightly lower than in BL in endemic regions, but significantly higher than in BL in North America. EBV positivity probably reflects the socioeconomic status of the patient population and age at seroconversion. The absence of del-LMP-1 within all EBV+ BL cases is consistent with the view that del-LMP-1 is not involved in the pathogenesis of BL, and the presence of del-LMP-1 in EBV+ cases of BL reported in other studies may likely reflect the prevalence of a viral strain containing the 30-bp deletion within the respective population studied.
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 7, 2015
The present study was conducted to assess the impact of gibberellic acid on growth and yield of s... more The present study was conducted to assess the impact of gibberellic acid on growth and yield of sunflower in hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]-contaminated soil in the presence as well as absence of pressmud. Seeds of sunflower were sown in potted soil amended with pressmud as an organic amendment and contaminated with different levels of Cr(VI) (12, 18, and 24 mg kg(-1)) by using K2Cr2O7 salt. Gibberellic acid (10(-4) M) was applied at time of seedling emergence in the rhizosphere. The results showed that Cr(VI) stress significantly reduced the growth and yield of sunflower. However, application of gibberellic acid and pressmud reversed the toxic effects of Cr(VI) and improved the growth and yield of sunflower. Combined application of gibberellic acid and pressmud further improved growth and yield compared to their separate application in Cr(VI) stress. Moreover, gibberellic acid and pressmud decreased the uptake of Cr and stabilized it in the soil.
To determine the optimal time interval between tumescent local anesthesia infiltration and the st... more To determine the optimal time interval between tumescent local anesthesia infiltration and the start of hand surgery without a tourniquet for improved operative field visibility. Patients aged 16 to 60 years who needed contracture release and tendon repair in the hand were enrolled from the outpatient clinic. Patients were randomized to 10-, 15-, or 25-minute intervals between tumescent anesthetic solution infiltration (0.18% lidocaine and 1:221,000 epinephrine) and the start of surgery. The end point of tumescence anesthetic infiltration was pale and firm skin. The surgical team was blinded to the time of anesthetic infiltration. At the completion of the procedure, the surgeon and the first assistant rated the operative field visibility as excellent, fair, or poor. We used logistic regression models without and with adjustment for confounding variables. Of the 75 patients enrolled in the study, 59 (79%) were males, 7 were randomized to 10-minute time intervals (further randomization was stopped after interim analysis found consistently poor operative field visibility), and 34 were randomized to the each of the 15- and 25-minute groups. Patients who were randomized to the 25-minute delay group had 29 times higher odds of having an excellent operative visual field than those randomized to the 15-minute delay group. After adjusting for age, sex, amount of tumescent solution infiltration, and duration of operation, the odds ratio remained highly significant. We found that an interval of 25 minutes provides vastly superior operative field visibility; 10-minute delay had the poorest results. Therapeutic I.
This study presents the electrical properties of Fe2O3 based humidity sensors fabricated by the u... more This study presents the electrical properties of Fe2O3 based humidity sensors fabricated by the use of Fe2O3 powder and silicone liquid adhesive. For the fabrication of Cu/Fe2O3-Adhesive/Cu sensors, Fe2O3 powder was mixed in a 50 wt. % silicon liquid adhesive and then deposited between copper electrodes. These preliminary deposited Cu electrodes having 40 µm gap between them were deposited on glass substrates by vacuum thermal evaporation. The capacitance and dissipation of the sensors were measured under the effect of relative humidity (RH) and the resistance was calculated. It was found that with increase in humidity from 54%-94%, the resistance of the sensors decreases by 6375 times and capacitance increases by 5714 times respectively. The resistance and the capacitance-humidity relationships show significant change in the range of 54%-80% RH and 80%-94% RH respectively. The humidity dependent properties of the sensor make it attractive to be use in capacitive and resistive type ...
Pituitary gland is an uncommon site of a primary cancer. Of more than 600 cases of pituitary tumo... more Pituitary gland is an uncommon site of a primary cancer. Of more than 600 cases of pituitary tumors seen at the KFSH&RC between 1975 to 1998 only 3 patients had primary pituitary cancer. We have previously reported a case of pituitary fibrosarcoma arising as a rare complication of external radiotherapy (ERT) for GH-secreting pituitary adenoma (PA) [1]. We report now 2 cases of ACTH-producing primary pituitary carcinoma (ACTH-PPC); their follow-up data provide information on the natural history of this cancer. Patient #1; a 46 year old lady with Cushing's disease (CD) presented with an enlarged right cervical lymph node (LN) 2 years after having undergone a partial hypophysectomy through transsphenoidal surgery (PHYPX/TSS) and ERT for an invasive pituitary tumor. Patient #2; a 26 year old man presented with CD and underwent bilateral adrenalectomy (ADx) and pituitary ERT. Thirty-nine months later he developed Nelson's syndrome and a PHYPX/TSS was performed. Incidentally disco...
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1995
1. J Pak Med Assoc. 1995 Jul;45(7):187-8. A study of serum vitamin B12 and folate levels in patie... more 1. J Pak Med Assoc. 1995 Jul;45(7):187-8. A study of serum vitamin B12 and folate levels in patients of megaloblastic anaemia in northern Pakistan. Modood-ul-Mannan, Anwar M, Saleem M, Wiqar A, Ahmad M. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi. ...
This study is related to performance based design by distributing the damage uniformity throughou... more This study is related to performance based design by distributing the damage uniformity throughout the stories of the structure. In performance based design usually performance targets are specified, which are to be achieved these limitations address to the structural damage. Structural damage is quantified by story ductility ratios. Thus, for uniform damage the story ductility ratio for all stories should be constant, or at least within a marginal limits like 10 % of their average. In this study a regular moment resisting frame building with 13 stories and 3 bays in east west and 7 bays in north-south direction was selected. The behavior and properties of critical frame under different levels of uniform structural damage was investigated. The obtained results were used for a particular level of structural damage distributed uniformly along the height. Results from this study suggest that uniform damage allows better energy dissipation of structure and prevents story mechanism. Also...
This paper presents results of an experimental study carried out to investigate the suitability o... more This paper presents results of an experimental study carried out to investigate the suitability of using locally available coarse aggregates in Azad Kashmir to make concrete. Aggregate samples were collected from three different quarries according to ASTM sampling procedure. The experiments were performed on collected samples of coarse aggregates to evaluate their physical and mechanical properties as per ASTM and BS standards. Concrete compositions made using the same aggregates were tested for mechanical properties (compressive strength and tensile strength). The results of this study showed that the concrete made using locally available aggregates in Azad Kashmir performed satisfactorily in terms of mechanical properties. Moreover, their performance was found to be quite similar to those aggregates commonly available and used in Pakistan such as Margallah and Sargodha aggregates.
In this research, effect of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex on water absorption and compress... more In this research, effect of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex on water absorption and compressive strength of concrete has been studied. A locally available Sika-Latex is used as SBR Latex. It has been observed that SBR latex improves the internal structure of the latex modified concrete resulting in considerable reduction in the water absorption value at 28 days of age. However, at early age, the effect of SBR latex on water absorption is adverse. Same trend is noticed for the compressive strength; at 7 days of age, SBR latex has negative effect while at 28 days, the addition of SBR latex in concrete results in enhancement of compressive strength. Based on the results of this study, latex modified concrete made using Sika-Latex may be recommended to be used in RC structures in Pakistan. However, for the mixes rich in cement, the dosage of Sika-Latex needs to be adjusted to maintain required workability of concrete.
One of the alternate to minimize the expansion joints in prestressed concrete bridges is to use c... more One of the alternate to minimize the expansion joints in prestressed concrete bridges is to use continuous bridges in place of simply supported bridges by connecting the ends of the girders over the supports with a continuity connection. More continuity means shallow sections or longer spans which will consequently reduce the total cost of the bridge. Unlike the simply supported bridges, the design and construction of continuous bridges connected with the continuity connection require some additional consideration due to time-dependent restraint moments. Restraint moments are developed at the continuity connection due to creep and shrinkage effects which makes the design of continuous bridges different from conventional bridges. In this study, the construction stage time dependent analysis method is proposed using age adjusted effective modulus method (AEMM). In the proposed method of analysis, firstly, the change in curvature at number of sections due to creep, shrinkage and relaxa...
To investigate the potential relationship of socioeconomic status with the prevalence of Epstein-... more To investigate the potential relationship of socioeconomic status with the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and to understand the significance of del-LMP-1 within EBV+ cases of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), we studied 10 cases of BL, 30 cases of diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) arising in nonimmunocompromised patients, and 30 reactive tonsillar biopsy specimens from Pakistan. Each lymphoma was analyzed for EBV by EBER1 RNA in situ hybridization (EBV-RISH). Cases showing hybridization signal within neoplastic cells and all reactive tonsillar tissues were analyzed for EBV strain type by EBNA-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for the presence of a del-LMP-1 by PCR. Eight of 10 (80%) of BL were EBV+, each containing EBV strain A and a wild-type LMP-1 gene. In contrast, only 4 of 30 DLCL (13%) cases were EBV positive (three strain A, one strain B), each containing a wild-type LMP-1 gene. Fifteen of 30 tonsillar biopsy specimens contained EBV, all of which were strain A and wild-type for LMP1. The prevalence of EBV in BL from Pakistan is slightly lower than in BL in endemic regions, but significantly higher than in BL in North America. EBV positivity probably reflects the socioeconomic status of the patient population and age at seroconversion. The absence of del-LMP-1 within all EBV+ BL cases is consistent with the view that del-LMP-1 is not involved in the pathogenesis of BL, and the presence of del-LMP-1 in EBV+ cases of BL reported in other studies may likely reflect the prevalence of a viral strain containing the 30-bp deletion within the respective population studied.
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 7, 2015
The present study was conducted to assess the impact of gibberellic acid on growth and yield of s... more The present study was conducted to assess the impact of gibberellic acid on growth and yield of sunflower in hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]-contaminated soil in the presence as well as absence of pressmud. Seeds of sunflower were sown in potted soil amended with pressmud as an organic amendment and contaminated with different levels of Cr(VI) (12, 18, and 24 mg kg(-1)) by using K2Cr2O7 salt. Gibberellic acid (10(-4) M) was applied at time of seedling emergence in the rhizosphere. The results showed that Cr(VI) stress significantly reduced the growth and yield of sunflower. However, application of gibberellic acid and pressmud reversed the toxic effects of Cr(VI) and improved the growth and yield of sunflower. Combined application of gibberellic acid and pressmud further improved growth and yield compared to their separate application in Cr(VI) stress. Moreover, gibberellic acid and pressmud decreased the uptake of Cr and stabilized it in the soil.
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