How to use ALT text from the a File entity in Backdrop CMS
There are several ways to handle ALT text for images in Backdrop.
Alternative text in image fields on Nodes
In Drupal 7 core the text was stored in the same field as the reference to the image. This is how Backdrop CMS handles ALT text on images out of the box.
Alternative text in text fields on Files
If you would prefer to handle ALT text the way it is handled by Drupal 7's file_entity module, where the text was stored in a field on the File entity, that is also relatively simple to achieve.
All that is needed is a preprocess implementation in your theme.
The following will make this change only for a field named field_image