This study examines the prevalence of violence experienced by patients enrolled in the Step by St... more This study examines the prevalence of violence experienced by patients enrolled in the Step by Step program, a combined prenatal care/substance abuse treatment program at the Wake County Health Department in North Carolina. In addition, potential associations between violence and sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, and mental health are investigated. All prenatal care/substance abuse treatment patients who met study eligibility criteria (N = 84) were assessed by health care providers. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to compare victims of violence and nonvictims on a wide range of variables. Multiple linear regression analysis estimated the impact of the women's experiences of violence on their levels of mental health symptoms while controlling for confounding factors. Forty-two percent of patients had been victims of both sexual and physical violence, and 30% had been victims of physical violence alone. The combination of sexual and physical ...
Journal of the American Medical Women's Association (1972)
Sex differences in rates of depression and of battering by intimate partners are substantial: 3:1... more Sex differences in rates of depression and of battering by intimate partners are substantial: 3:1 and 10:1, respectively. The relationship between battering and depression has been documented for more than two decades, but has rarely been noted in the depression literature. This paper presents a brief summary of the major etiological theories of depression with a discussion of the evidence that links these theories with research on battered women. It seems clear that battering can be an important component of depression in battered women. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the relationship between depression and battering can result in a better approach to the diagnosis and treatment of depression in battered women. This discussion has particular ramifications for the primary health care system as well as the mental health care system.
Page 1. http://vaw.sagepub.com/ Violence Against Women http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/ 9/9/1072 T... more Page 1. http://vaw.sagepub.com/ Violence Against Women http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/ 9/9/1072 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/1077801203255291 2003 9: 1072 Violence Against Women Snow Jones and Eiman Jafar ...
Women of African descent are disproportionately affected by intimate partner abuse; yet, limited ... more Women of African descent are disproportionately affected by intimate partner abuse; yet, limited data exist on whether the prevalence varies for women of African descent in the United States and those in the US territories. In this multisite study, we estimated lifetime and 2-year prevalence of physical, sexual, and psychological intimate partner abuse (IPA) among 1,545 women of African descent in the United States and US Virgin Islands (USVI). We also examined how cultural tolerance of physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) influences abuse. Between 2009 and 2011, we recruited African American and African Caribbean women aged 18-55 from health clinics in Baltimore, MD, and St. Thomas and St. Croix, USVI, into a comparative case-control study. Screened and enrolled women completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview. Screening-based prevalence of IPA and IPV were stratified by study site and associations between tolerance of IPV and abuse experiences were exami...
Drawing on the Women's Health Effects Study, a community sample of women (N = 309) who recent... more Drawing on the Women's Health Effects Study, a community sample of women (N = 309) who recently left an abusive partner, this study examines patterns of cumulative abuse experiences over the life course, their socioeconomic correlates, and associations with a range of health outcomes. Latent class analysis identified four groups of women with differing cumulative abuse profiles: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Dominant, Child Abuse and IPV, All Forms, and All Forms Extreme. We find a relationship pattern between cumulative abuse and socioeconomic circumstances, and significantly worse health outcomes among women with the All Forms Extreme profile. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
This study describes active duty military (ADM) women's beliefs and preferences concerning do... more This study describes active duty military (ADM) women's beliefs and preferences concerning domestic violence (DV) policy in the military. Telephone interviews were completed with 474 ADM women from all services, 119 of whom had experienced DV during their military service. A majority (57%) supported routine screening. Although 87% said the military's policy on mandatory reporting should remain the same, only 48% thought abuse should be reported to the commanding officer; abused women were significantly less likely than nonabused women to agree with this aspect of the policy. ADM women's beliefs were similar to those of women in a previously studied civilian sample, except that 73% of ADM compared to 43% of civilian women thought routine screening would increase women's risk of further abuse. ADM women recognized both advantages and disadvantages of current DV policies. More research is urgently needed about actual outcomes of screening and reporting policies.
This study examines the prevalence of violence experienced by patients enrolled in the Step by St... more This study examines the prevalence of violence experienced by patients enrolled in the Step by Step program, a combined prenatal care/substance abuse treatment program at the Wake County Health Department in North Carolina. In addition, potential associations between violence and sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, and mental health are investigated. All prenatal care/substance abuse treatment patients who met study eligibility criteria (N = 84) were assessed by health care providers. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to compare victims of violence and nonvictims on a wide range of variables. Multiple linear regression analysis estimated the impact of the women's experiences of violence on their levels of mental health symptoms while controlling for confounding factors. Forty-two percent of patients had been victims of both sexual and physical violence, and 30% had been victims of physical violence alone. The combination of sexual and physical ...
Journal of the American Medical Women's Association (1972)
Sex differences in rates of depression and of battering by intimate partners are substantial: 3:1... more Sex differences in rates of depression and of battering by intimate partners are substantial: 3:1 and 10:1, respectively. The relationship between battering and depression has been documented for more than two decades, but has rarely been noted in the depression literature. This paper presents a brief summary of the major etiological theories of depression with a discussion of the evidence that links these theories with research on battered women. It seems clear that battering can be an important component of depression in battered women. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the relationship between depression and battering can result in a better approach to the diagnosis and treatment of depression in battered women. This discussion has particular ramifications for the primary health care system as well as the mental health care system.
Page 1. http://vaw.sagepub.com/ Violence Against Women http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/ 9/9/1072 T... more Page 1. http://vaw.sagepub.com/ Violence Against Women http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/ 9/9/1072 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/1077801203255291 2003 9: 1072 Violence Against Women Snow Jones and Eiman Jafar ...
Women of African descent are disproportionately affected by intimate partner abuse; yet, limited ... more Women of African descent are disproportionately affected by intimate partner abuse; yet, limited data exist on whether the prevalence varies for women of African descent in the United States and those in the US territories. In this multisite study, we estimated lifetime and 2-year prevalence of physical, sexual, and psychological intimate partner abuse (IPA) among 1,545 women of African descent in the United States and US Virgin Islands (USVI). We also examined how cultural tolerance of physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) influences abuse. Between 2009 and 2011, we recruited African American and African Caribbean women aged 18-55 from health clinics in Baltimore, MD, and St. Thomas and St. Croix, USVI, into a comparative case-control study. Screened and enrolled women completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview. Screening-based prevalence of IPA and IPV were stratified by study site and associations between tolerance of IPV and abuse experiences were exami...
Drawing on the Women's Health Effects Study, a community sample of women (N = 309) who recent... more Drawing on the Women's Health Effects Study, a community sample of women (N = 309) who recently left an abusive partner, this study examines patterns of cumulative abuse experiences over the life course, their socioeconomic correlates, and associations with a range of health outcomes. Latent class analysis identified four groups of women with differing cumulative abuse profiles: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Dominant, Child Abuse and IPV, All Forms, and All Forms Extreme. We find a relationship pattern between cumulative abuse and socioeconomic circumstances, and significantly worse health outcomes among women with the All Forms Extreme profile. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
This study describes active duty military (ADM) women's beliefs and preferences concerning do... more This study describes active duty military (ADM) women's beliefs and preferences concerning domestic violence (DV) policy in the military. Telephone interviews were completed with 474 ADM women from all services, 119 of whom had experienced DV during their military service. A majority (57%) supported routine screening. Although 87% said the military's policy on mandatory reporting should remain the same, only 48% thought abuse should be reported to the commanding officer; abused women were significantly less likely than nonabused women to agree with this aspect of the policy. ADM women's beliefs were similar to those of women in a previously studied civilian sample, except that 73% of ADM compared to 43% of civilian women thought routine screening would increase women's risk of further abuse. ADM women recognized both advantages and disadvantages of current DV policies. More research is urgently needed about actual outcomes of screening and reporting policies.
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