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Secular versus nonsecular Redfield dynamics and Fano coherences in incoherent excitation: An experimental proposal

Amro Dodin, Timur Tscherbul, Robert Alicki, Amar Vutha, and Paul Brumer
Phys. Rev. A 97, 013421 – Published 26 January 2018
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  • INTRODUCTION
  • PROPOSED SYSTEM
  • THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS
  • DETECTION OF NOISE-INDUCED COHERENCES
  • CONCLUSION
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • APPENDICES
    • References

    Abstract

    Two different master-equation approaches are formally derived to address the dynamics of open quantum systems interacting with a thermal environment (such as sunlight). They lead to two physical results: nonsecular equations, which show noise-induced (Fano) coherences; and secular equations, which do not. An experimental test for the appearance of nonsecular terms is proposed using Ca atoms in magnetic fields excited with broadband incoherent radiation. Significantly different patterns of fluorescence are predicted, allowing for a clear test of the validity of the secular and nonsecular approach and for the observation of Fano coherences.

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    • Received 30 October 2017

    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.97.013421

    ©2018 American Physical Society

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    1. Research Areas
    Atomic & molecular processes in external fieldsFluctuations & noiseLight-matter interactionOpen quantum systemsQuantum statistical mechanics
    Atomic, Molecular & OpticalStatistical Physics & Thermodynamics

    Authors & Affiliations

    Amro Dodin*

    • Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada

    Timur Tscherbul

    • Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA

    Robert Alicki

    • Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 57, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland

    Amar Vutha

    • Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada

    Paul Brumer†

    • Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada

    • *Current address: Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
    • †pbrumer@chem.utoronto.ca

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    Issue

    Vol. 97, Iss. 1 — January 2018

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    Images

    • Figure 1
      Figure 1

      Sketch of the V subsystem of calcium excited in the experiment. The magnetic field, B, of magnitude B, and wave vector of incident light, k, are parallel along the ẑ direction. The excited-state (Zeeman) splitting is given by 2μBB, where μB is the magnetic dipole moment of the 4p± states. The rightmost sketch shows the m=−1 and m=+1 levels, denoted |e1〉 and |e2〉 henceforth.

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    • Figure 2
      Figure 2

      Coherences of a calcium atom in a sample large splitting regime Δ=12γ irradiated with a blackbody at T=5800 K whose average photon occupation number at the transition energies is n¯=0.0633. The nonsecular dynamics generate oscillatory coherences from an initially incoherent ground state that survive for a time τγ=γ−1, while the secular evolution produces an incoherent mixture at all times.

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    • Figure 3
      Figure 3

      Coherences of a calcium atom in the small splitting regime Δ=0.012γ irradiated with a blackbody at T=5800 K whose average photon occupation number at the transition energies is n¯=0.0633. Nonsecular result: red (red□). Secular result: black (×'s).

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    • Figure 4
      Figure 4

      Coherences of a calcium atom in the intermediate splitting regime Δ=γ irradiated with a blackbody at T=5800 K whose average photon occupation number at the transition energies is n¯=0.0633.

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