The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasiu... more The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasius hypophthalmus were evaluated in cemented tanks. Fry of Pangas (1.52 ± 0.03 cm in length and 1.08 ± 0.02 g in weight) respectively were stocked into cemented tanks measuring 15 x 6 x 3 ft. Three treatments with two replicates were used: T 1-100; T 2-150 and T 3-200 fry/ tank. Pangas fry were fed twice daily with formulated feed 35 % protein at 10%, 5%, and 3% body weight for the first, second, and third month, respectively. After 90 days, the Highest growth performances (determined in terms of average weight) were recorded in T 1 (27.5±2.5 g) and T 2 (22.4±2.8 g) while T 3 (18.2±3.5g) recorded the smallest growth. Production differed significantly among treatments (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.0, 1.02 and 1.05 in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively were not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest surviv...
1. INTRODUCTION Ovaprim hormone is used commonly for breeding through artificial technique in fis... more 1. INTRODUCTION Ovaprim hormone is used commonly for breeding through artificial technique in fishes (Marte et al. 1987). It has a salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone equivalent and a dopamine antagonist, ova prim shows effective in plentiful finfish species in the decided scientific literature. Ornamental fish rearing is becoming a necessity from luxury (Manik and avelu et.al. 2009). Koi carp grew up to 100 cm in total length with an elongated body determining 3 to 4 times less in depth than total length. In their natural habitat, koi carp live up to 5-24 years (Kuroki, 98). This specie exhibits external fertilization, with spawning frequency that varies throughout their range (Balon, 1 990) and are considered as batch spawners (Kalilola et al., 1993). The culture of koi carp is still not well-known in Pakistan because of insufficiency of good quality seed and also insufficient knowledge on their culture and breeding methods. Presently, no published information is available on th...
1. INTRODUCTION Tilapia is the most important cultivable fish globally after carps and is also de... more 1. INTRODUCTION Tilapia is the most important cultivable fish globally after carps and is also described as the most significant aquaculture species of the 21 st century (Shelton, 2002). Tilapia cultivation is increasing worldwide in both developed and developing countries (Pillay, 1993). The fishes belonging to this group could be cultured in very simplecircumstances, growing, surviving in very poor and hard environment and breed easily in captivity and so is ideal for rural subsistence farming (Abdel-Hakim et al., 2001; El-Sayed, 2002). They are widely cultured in about 100 countries in the tropical and subtropical regions (FAO 200b). Red tilapia was first found in a pond in a northern Thailand, where O.mossumbicuswas introduced from Malaysia in 1949. Thus this fish was assumed to be a hybrid between O. mussumbicusand O.niloticus. There is the scientific proofthat the fish is a hybrid of O. mussumbicusand O.niloticus. Red hybrid tilapia are gaining popularity among culturists due ...
Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater p... more Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) larvae. The hatched larvae were kept in different salinities (8, 10 and 12 ppt) during rearing period. Survival rate at larval stage were 50.83 %, 8.93 % and 0.83 % on 12, 10, 8 ppt respectively which is significantly different from each other (P>0.05). Survival rate at Post larval stages were 34.42 %, 20 % and 7.46 % on 12, 8 and 10 ppt respectively which is also significantly different from each other (P>0.05). The larval cycle completed within 36 to 40 days. Water quality parameters recorded throughout the study period were found within the tolerable ranges for freshwater prawn larvae and post larvae such as mean temperature 33.2±0.14°C, mean dissolved oxygen 7.5±0.05 mg/L, pH 8.0±0.06, ammonia from 0.12 ± 0.01 mg/L, hardness 145 ± 1.4 mg/L and nitrite 0.125 ± 0.01 mg/L. These results show that 12 ppt salinity is better for larval to post larval ...
In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (lengt... more In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (length & weight between of 3.8-6.4cm / 3-8g) average weight 5.35g werereared with different types of treatments for three months(15 th November-15 th February) and their performances in terms of growth and survival were determined. It is observed that upon the harvest the fish reached a weight between24-31g and a survival rate of 80.1±1%,thespecific growth rate was higher (82.8%) in fishes gatheredin the combination of soil & chicken manure (SC), followed bya combination of Urea & chicken manure (UC), and commercial pellets(CP) Control feeds. Survival rate was also higher in SC fishes, followed by UC and CP (control)feed. The size-frequency distribution shows that milkfish in the tank SC grew compared with tank CP specimens, their growth rate was lower. Tanks containing SC treatment had better specific growth rate than CP (control) treatment (p<0.05), although there was no significant diff...
Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight ... more Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight and 0.78 cm length) reared for 150 days in cemented tanks size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery Chilya Thatta, Sindh and procured live from Thailand. After acclimatization the fry were fed with formulated diet prepare from locally available ingredients, containing 30% gross protein twice a day at the rate 5% of total biomass. The water quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2, Ammonia 0.5 mg/lit, Nitrate 0.00-0.02 ppm and hardness 70-185 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. At the end of experiment fish attained 241 ± 58.1 g average final weight, 25.2 ± 2.9 cm average final length, specific growth rate (SGR) were 0.045 ± 0, daily weight gain (DWG) were 1.61 ± 0, feed conversion ratio were 0.95 ± 0.5 and survival rate were 94 ± 0. These results showed that the growth and adapta...
The juveniles of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (body weight 1.0±0.03 g) were reared in seaw... more The juveniles of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (body weight 1.0±0.03 g) were reared in seawater tanks (35 liters each) in order to examine their optimum dietary protein requirements. They were fed four isoenergetic (20.3 kJg-1) diets containing 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% protein at a daily ration of 5% body weight for 42 days. Fish fed diets of 35% and 40% protein produced higher weight gain and growth rate than those of the other diets. Broken line regression analysis yielded an optimal protein level of 35%. Feed conversion and protein efficiency were significantly higher at 35% and 40% protein diets than remaining diets. Fish whole body composition showed that moisture, protein and ash content of the fish fed diets of 35% and 40% protein was significantly higher than that of fish fed diets containing protein levels of 25% and 30%, although the lipid contents were lower. Fish fed 35% and 40% protein diets showed higher nitrogen gain and nitrogen retention efficiency than those fed...
Effect of stocking density on growth, production and survival of red tilapia (Oreochromis mossamb... more Effect of stocking density on growth, production and survival of red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus) were conducted in hapa for 60 days at Chilya Thatta. Tilapia fry (4.5±0.02 cm, 2.0±0.01 g) were stocked into hapa (4.5x2.4x1 m). Three treatments with two replicates were used: T1-200; T2-250 and T3-300 fry/hapa. Fry were fed twice a daily with pelleted feed containing 35% protein, 5% of total biomass. After 60 days, the highest growth were determined in T1 (49.8±0.0 g) while in T3 lowest growth (29.09±0.0 g) was recorded. Production (9.56, 10.13 and 8.12 kg/m3/60days) in T1, T2 and T3 respectively were significantly different (P<0.05) to each other. Feed conversion ratio of 0.48, 0.48 and 0.49 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest survival (100%) was attained in T1 with lower stocking density, followed by T2 (98%) and T3 (95%). Water quality parameters rec...
Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight ... more Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight and 0.78 cm length) reared for 150 days in cemented tanks size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery Chilya Thatta, Sindh and procured live from Thailand. After acclimatization the fry were fed with formulated diet prepare from locally available ingredients, containing 30% gross protein twice a day at the rate 5% of total biomass. The water quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2, Ammonia 0.5 mg/lit, Nitrate 0.00-0.02 ppm and hardness 70-185 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. At the end of experiment fish attained 241 ± 58.1 g average final weight, 25.2 ± 2.9 cm average final length, specific growth rate (SGR) were 0.045 ± 0, daily weight gain (DWG) were 1.61 ± 0, feed conversion ratio were 0.95 ± 0.5 and survival rate were 94 ± 0. These results showed that the growth and adaptation of imported Nile tilapia strain is satisfactory and can be cultured into Sindh climate for promoting aquaculture sector with this strain.
The current experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and adaptation of Red Tilapia fish (hybri... more The current experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and adaptation of Red Tilapia fish (hybrid) for the period of 150 days in cemented cisterns size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery ChilyaThatta, Sindh Pakistan. fry having 2.0 g mean weight and 2.5 cm mean length were imported live from Thailand and stocked in cemented cisterns at hatchery. After acclimatization the fry were fed with formulated diet containing 30% gross protein tow times in a day at the rate of 5% of total biomass. The diet consists of fish meal (FM), mustered oil cake (MOC), rice bran (RB), wheat bran (WB), rice protein (RP), wheat flour (WF), salt and vitamin premix. The water quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2, Ammonia 0.38-0.54 mg/lit and hardness 110-130 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. The outcomes exposed that the growth increment of fry was higher afterward 30 days of rearing period. Finally at the end of experiment fish attained (281g mean weight and 29.4 cm mean length) in 150 days experiment.
Keywords: Red tilapia, growth, adaptation and cemented cisterns.
In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (lengt... more In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (length & weight between of 3.8-6.4cm / 3-8g) average weight 5.35g werereared with different types of treatments for three months(15 th November-15 th February) and their performances in terms of growth and survival were determined. It is observed that upon the harvest the fish reached a weight between24-31g and a survival rate of 80.1±1%,thespecific growth rate was higher (82.8%) in fishes gatheredin the combination of soil & chicken manure (SC), followed bya combination of Urea & chicken manure (UC), and commercial pellets(CP) Control feeds. Survival rate was also higher in SC fishes, followed by UC and CP (control)feed. The size-frequency distribution shows that milkfish in the tank SC grew compared with tank CP specimens, their growth rate was lower. Tanks containing SC treatment had better specific growth rate than CP (control) treatment (p<0.05), although there was no significant differences between SC treatment and UC treatment in growth factors. Also, the number of surviving fish in UC treatment was simply higher than SC treatment and CP (control) (p<0.05).
Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater p... more Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) larvae. The hatched larvae were kept in different salinities (8, 10 and 12 ppt) during rearing period. Survival rate at larval stage were 50.83 %, 8.93 % and 0.83 % on 12, 10, 8 ppt respectively which is significantly different from each other (P>0.05). Survival rate at Post larval stages were 34.42 %, 20 % and 7.46 % on 12, 8 and 10 ppt respectively which is also significantly different from each other (P>0.05). The larval cycle completed within 36 to 40 days. Water quality parameters recorded throughout the study period were found within the tolerable ranges for freshwater prawn larvae and post larvae such as mean temperature 33.2±0.14°C, mean dissolved oxygen 7.5±0.05 mg/L, pH 8.0±0.06, ammonia from 0.12 ± 0.01 mg/L, hardness 145 ± 1.4 mg/L and nitrite 0.125 ± 0.01 mg/L. These results show that 12 ppt salinity is better for larval to post larval stages than post larvae converted slowly and gradually on 0 ppt.
The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasiu... more The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasius hypophthalmus were evaluated in cemented tanks. Fry of Pangas (1.52 ± 0.03 cm in length and 1.08 ± 0.02 g in weight) respectively were stocked into cemented tanks measuring 15 x 6 x 3 ft. Three treatments with two replicates were used: T 1-100; T 2-150 and T 3-200 fry/ tank. Pangas fry were fed twice daily with formulated feed 35 % protein at 10%, 5%, and 3% body weight for the first, second, and third month, respectively. After 90 days, the Highest growth performances (determined in terms of average weight) were recorded in T 1 (27.5±2.5 g) and T 2 (22.4±2.8 g) while T 3 (18.2±3.5g) recorded the smallest growth. Production differed significantly among treatments (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.0, 1.02 and 1.05 in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively were not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest survival (100%) was attained in T 1 with lower stocking density, followed by T 2 (96%) and T 3 (90%). Survival was greatly influenced by the stocking densities in all treatments. The water quality parameters and their monthly fluctuations recorded throughout the study period were found within the suitable ranges for the fish culture such as temperature 27.0 to 28.7 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.7 to 6.2 mg/lit, pH 7.2 to 7.5, Ammonia from 0.45 to 0.51mg/L, Hardness 105 to 110 ppm and Nitrite 0.152 to 0.161 mg/L.
Citation: Daudpota AM, Kalhoro IB, Shah SA, Kalhoro H and Abbas G (2014) Effect of stocking densi... more Citation: Daudpota AM, Kalhoro IB, Shah SA, Kalhoro H and Abbas G (2014) Effect of stocking densities on growth, production and survival rate of red tilapia in hapa at fish hatchery Chilya Thatta, Sindh, Abstract Effect of stocking density on growth, production and survival of red tilapia were conducted in hapa for 60 days at Chilya Thatta. Tilapia fry (4.5±0.02 cm, 2.0±0.01 g) were stocked into hapa (4.5x2.4x1 m). Three treatments with two replicates were used: T 1-200; T 2-250 and T 3-300 fry/hapa. Fry were fed twice a daily with pelleted feed containing 35% protein, 5% of total biomass. After 60 days, the highest growth were determined in T 1 (49.8±0.0 g) while in T 3 lowest growth (29.09±0.0 g) was recorded. Production (9.56, 10.13 and 8.12 kg/m 3 /60days) in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 respectively were significantly different (P<0.05) to each other. Feed conversion ratio of 0.48, 0.48 and 0.49 in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest survival (100%) was attained in T 1 with lower stocking density, followed by T 2 (98%) and T 3 (95%). Water quality parameters recorded throughout the study period were found within the ranges for fish culture such as temperature 27.2 to 28.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.8 to 6.4 mg/l, pH 6.9 to 7.6, ammonia from 0.45 to 0.51 mg/l, hardness 106 to 110 ppm and nitrite 0.151 to 0.162 mg/l.
A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to compare growth, feed consumption and body comp... more A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to compare growth, feed consumption and body composition of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus) and Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) reared in concrete tanks for 60 days. The juvenile of Nile tilapia, T1 (mean weight 2.08±0.2 g) and hybrid red tilapia, T2 (mean weight 2.07±0.16 g) were stocked in concrete tanks (15 × 6 × 3 ft). They were fed with four isoenergetic (20.3 kJ g-1) diets containing 35% protein at a daily ration of 5% body weight with two replications. The highest weight gain was found in T2 (44.2±0.1g), while the lowest one was recorded in T1 (34.3±0.2 g). Specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Survival remained 100% in T2, while 94% was observed in T1. Condition factor was found to be significantly different among the groups (P<0.01). The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was greater in T2 that of T1. Production of T2 was 11.05 kg/m 3 /60 days and for T1 was found to be 8.58 kg/m 3 /60 days (P<0.05). Water quality parameters (temperature 28.3±0.14°C, dissolved oxygen 6.4±0.07 mg/l, pH 6.8±0.07, ammonia 0.002±0.00 mg/l, hardness 107.1±1.4 mg/l and nitrite 0.145±0.00 mg/l) were recorded throughout the study period. The values of biochemical constituents including fatty acids of the fish in T1 and T2 did not show prominent changes (P<0.05), though little variations were noted in the values of individual fatty acids. Based on the biological and chemical data, it is suggested that hybrid red tilapia, T2 (O. niloticus × O. mossambicus) has potential for aquaculture in Pakistan.
Feeding frequency is well known for the reduction of aquaculture production cost and preventing w... more Feeding frequency is well known for the reduction of aquaculture production cost and preventing water quality deterioration as the result of excess feeding. The influence of feeding frequency was studied in the present study, when juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (initial body weight 1.0 g) were maintained in rearing tanks 35 liters each (water temperature 29 o C, salinity 14‰, pH 7.7, dissolve oxygen 5.1ml/l and ammonia never exceeded 0.1 ml/l) and were fed diet of 35% protein for 42 days. Fish were fed at four frequencies: two, three, four and five times a day. Each feeding frequency was assigned to three tanks of fish with 10 fish per tank. Results showed that significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio were observed at feeding frequency of four to five times daily. Moisture, protein and ash contents of whole body were not affected by feeding frequency. Lipid content of fish fed four and five times daily was significantly higher than that of the fish fed one and two times daily. The condition factor remained consistent at all feeding frequencies and survival was 100% throughout the experiment. These results suggest that under similar culture conditions, the optimum feeding frequency of juvenile Nile tilapia (from initial body weight of 1.0 g to 5.8 g) is four times daily.
The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasiu... more The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasius hypophthalmus were evaluated in cemented tanks. Fry of Pangas (1.52 ± 0.03 cm in length and 1.08 ± 0.02 g in weight) respectively were stocked into cemented tanks measuring 15 x 6 x 3 ft. Three treatments with two replicates were used: T 1-100; T 2-150 and T 3-200 fry/ tank. Pangas fry were fed twice daily with formulated feed 35 % protein at 10%, 5%, and 3% body weight for the first, second, and third month, respectively. After 90 days, the Highest growth performances (determined in terms of average weight) were recorded in T 1 (27.5±2.5 g) and T 2 (22.4±2.8 g) while T 3 (18.2±3.5g) recorded the smallest growth. Production differed significantly among treatments (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.0, 1.02 and 1.05 in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively were not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest surviv...
1. INTRODUCTION Ovaprim hormone is used commonly for breeding through artificial technique in fis... more 1. INTRODUCTION Ovaprim hormone is used commonly for breeding through artificial technique in fishes (Marte et al. 1987). It has a salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone equivalent and a dopamine antagonist, ova prim shows effective in plentiful finfish species in the decided scientific literature. Ornamental fish rearing is becoming a necessity from luxury (Manik and avelu et.al. 2009). Koi carp grew up to 100 cm in total length with an elongated body determining 3 to 4 times less in depth than total length. In their natural habitat, koi carp live up to 5-24 years (Kuroki, 98). This specie exhibits external fertilization, with spawning frequency that varies throughout their range (Balon, 1 990) and are considered as batch spawners (Kalilola et al., 1993). The culture of koi carp is still not well-known in Pakistan because of insufficiency of good quality seed and also insufficient knowledge on their culture and breeding methods. Presently, no published information is available on th...
1. INTRODUCTION Tilapia is the most important cultivable fish globally after carps and is also de... more 1. INTRODUCTION Tilapia is the most important cultivable fish globally after carps and is also described as the most significant aquaculture species of the 21 st century (Shelton, 2002). Tilapia cultivation is increasing worldwide in both developed and developing countries (Pillay, 1993). The fishes belonging to this group could be cultured in very simplecircumstances, growing, surviving in very poor and hard environment and breed easily in captivity and so is ideal for rural subsistence farming (Abdel-Hakim et al., 2001; El-Sayed, 2002). They are widely cultured in about 100 countries in the tropical and subtropical regions (FAO 200b). Red tilapia was first found in a pond in a northern Thailand, where O.mossumbicuswas introduced from Malaysia in 1949. Thus this fish was assumed to be a hybrid between O. mussumbicusand O.niloticus. There is the scientific proofthat the fish is a hybrid of O. mussumbicusand O.niloticus. Red hybrid tilapia are gaining popularity among culturists due ...
Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater p... more Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) larvae. The hatched larvae were kept in different salinities (8, 10 and 12 ppt) during rearing period. Survival rate at larval stage were 50.83 %, 8.93 % and 0.83 % on 12, 10, 8 ppt respectively which is significantly different from each other (P>0.05). Survival rate at Post larval stages were 34.42 %, 20 % and 7.46 % on 12, 8 and 10 ppt respectively which is also significantly different from each other (P>0.05). The larval cycle completed within 36 to 40 days. Water quality parameters recorded throughout the study period were found within the tolerable ranges for freshwater prawn larvae and post larvae such as mean temperature 33.2±0.14°C, mean dissolved oxygen 7.5±0.05 mg/L, pH 8.0±0.06, ammonia from 0.12 ± 0.01 mg/L, hardness 145 ± 1.4 mg/L and nitrite 0.125 ± 0.01 mg/L. These results show that 12 ppt salinity is better for larval to post larval ...
In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (lengt... more In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (length & weight between of 3.8-6.4cm / 3-8g) average weight 5.35g werereared with different types of treatments for three months(15 th November-15 th February) and their performances in terms of growth and survival were determined. It is observed that upon the harvest the fish reached a weight between24-31g and a survival rate of 80.1±1%,thespecific growth rate was higher (82.8%) in fishes gatheredin the combination of soil & chicken manure (SC), followed bya combination of Urea & chicken manure (UC), and commercial pellets(CP) Control feeds. Survival rate was also higher in SC fishes, followed by UC and CP (control)feed. The size-frequency distribution shows that milkfish in the tank SC grew compared with tank CP specimens, their growth rate was lower. Tanks containing SC treatment had better specific growth rate than CP (control) treatment (p<0.05), although there was no significant diff...
Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight ... more Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight and 0.78 cm length) reared for 150 days in cemented tanks size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery Chilya Thatta, Sindh and procured live from Thailand. After acclimatization the fry were fed with formulated diet prepare from locally available ingredients, containing 30% gross protein twice a day at the rate 5% of total biomass. The water quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2, Ammonia 0.5 mg/lit, Nitrate 0.00-0.02 ppm and hardness 70-185 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. At the end of experiment fish attained 241 ± 58.1 g average final weight, 25.2 ± 2.9 cm average final length, specific growth rate (SGR) were 0.045 ± 0, daily weight gain (DWG) were 1.61 ± 0, feed conversion ratio were 0.95 ± 0.5 and survival rate were 94 ± 0. These results showed that the growth and adapta...
The juveniles of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (body weight 1.0±0.03 g) were reared in seaw... more The juveniles of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (body weight 1.0±0.03 g) were reared in seawater tanks (35 liters each) in order to examine their optimum dietary protein requirements. They were fed four isoenergetic (20.3 kJg-1) diets containing 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% protein at a daily ration of 5% body weight for 42 days. Fish fed diets of 35% and 40% protein produced higher weight gain and growth rate than those of the other diets. Broken line regression analysis yielded an optimal protein level of 35%. Feed conversion and protein efficiency were significantly higher at 35% and 40% protein diets than remaining diets. Fish whole body composition showed that moisture, protein and ash content of the fish fed diets of 35% and 40% protein was significantly higher than that of fish fed diets containing protein levels of 25% and 30%, although the lipid contents were lower. Fish fed 35% and 40% protein diets showed higher nitrogen gain and nitrogen retention efficiency than those fed...
Effect of stocking density on growth, production and survival of red tilapia (Oreochromis mossamb... more Effect of stocking density on growth, production and survival of red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus) were conducted in hapa for 60 days at Chilya Thatta. Tilapia fry (4.5±0.02 cm, 2.0±0.01 g) were stocked into hapa (4.5x2.4x1 m). Three treatments with two replicates were used: T1-200; T2-250 and T3-300 fry/hapa. Fry were fed twice a daily with pelleted feed containing 35% protein, 5% of total biomass. After 60 days, the highest growth were determined in T1 (49.8±0.0 g) while in T3 lowest growth (29.09±0.0 g) was recorded. Production (9.56, 10.13 and 8.12 kg/m3/60days) in T1, T2 and T3 respectively were significantly different (P<0.05) to each other. Feed conversion ratio of 0.48, 0.48 and 0.49 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest survival (100%) was attained in T1 with lower stocking density, followed by T2 (98%) and T3 (95%). Water quality parameters rec...
Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight ... more Nile tilapia pure strain (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked at body weight size (0.77 g weight and 0.78 cm length) reared for 150 days in cemented tanks size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery Chilya Thatta, Sindh and procured live from Thailand. After acclimatization the fry were fed with formulated diet prepare from locally available ingredients, containing 30% gross protein twice a day at the rate 5% of total biomass. The water quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2, Ammonia 0.5 mg/lit, Nitrate 0.00-0.02 ppm and hardness 70-185 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. At the end of experiment fish attained 241 ± 58.1 g average final weight, 25.2 ± 2.9 cm average final length, specific growth rate (SGR) were 0.045 ± 0, daily weight gain (DWG) were 1.61 ± 0, feed conversion ratio were 0.95 ± 0.5 and survival rate were 94 ± 0. These results showed that the growth and adaptation of imported Nile tilapia strain is satisfactory and can be cultured into Sindh climate for promoting aquaculture sector with this strain.
The current experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and adaptation of Red Tilapia fish (hybri... more The current experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and adaptation of Red Tilapia fish (hybrid) for the period of 150 days in cemented cisterns size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery ChilyaThatta, Sindh Pakistan. fry having 2.0 g mean weight and 2.5 cm mean length were imported live from Thailand and stocked in cemented cisterns at hatchery. After acclimatization the fry were fed with formulated diet containing 30% gross protein tow times in a day at the rate of 5% of total biomass. The diet consists of fish meal (FM), mustered oil cake (MOC), rice bran (RB), wheat bran (WB), rice protein (RP), wheat flour (WF), salt and vitamin premix. The water quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2, Ammonia 0.38-0.54 mg/lit and hardness 110-130 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. The outcomes exposed that the growth increment of fry was higher afterward 30 days of rearing period. Finally at the end of experiment fish attained (281g mean weight and 29.4 cm mean length) in 150 days experiment.
Keywords: Red tilapia, growth, adaptation and cemented cisterns.
In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (lengt... more In the present study, wild caught early fingerlings Milkfish (Chanos chanosForsskål, 1755) (length & weight between of 3.8-6.4cm / 3-8g) average weight 5.35g werereared with different types of treatments for three months(15 th November-15 th February) and their performances in terms of growth and survival were determined. It is observed that upon the harvest the fish reached a weight between24-31g and a survival rate of 80.1±1%,thespecific growth rate was higher (82.8%) in fishes gatheredin the combination of soil & chicken manure (SC), followed bya combination of Urea & chicken manure (UC), and commercial pellets(CP) Control feeds. Survival rate was also higher in SC fishes, followed by UC and CP (control)feed. The size-frequency distribution shows that milkfish in the tank SC grew compared with tank CP specimens, their growth rate was lower. Tanks containing SC treatment had better specific growth rate than CP (control) treatment (p<0.05), although there was no significant differences between SC treatment and UC treatment in growth factors. Also, the number of surviving fish in UC treatment was simply higher than SC treatment and CP (control) (p<0.05).
Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater p... more Present study conducted to observe the effect of different salinities on survival of freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) larvae. The hatched larvae were kept in different salinities (8, 10 and 12 ppt) during rearing period. Survival rate at larval stage were 50.83 %, 8.93 % and 0.83 % on 12, 10, 8 ppt respectively which is significantly different from each other (P>0.05). Survival rate at Post larval stages were 34.42 %, 20 % and 7.46 % on 12, 8 and 10 ppt respectively which is also significantly different from each other (P>0.05). The larval cycle completed within 36 to 40 days. Water quality parameters recorded throughout the study period were found within the tolerable ranges for freshwater prawn larvae and post larvae such as mean temperature 33.2±0.14°C, mean dissolved oxygen 7.5±0.05 mg/L, pH 8.0±0.06, ammonia from 0.12 ± 0.01 mg/L, hardness 145 ± 1.4 mg/L and nitrite 0.125 ± 0.01 mg/L. These results show that 12 ppt salinity is better for larval to post larval stages than post larvae converted slowly and gradually on 0 ppt.
The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasiu... more The effect of stocking density on growth performance, production and survival of Pangas, Pangasius hypophthalmus were evaluated in cemented tanks. Fry of Pangas (1.52 ± 0.03 cm in length and 1.08 ± 0.02 g in weight) respectively were stocked into cemented tanks measuring 15 x 6 x 3 ft. Three treatments with two replicates were used: T 1-100; T 2-150 and T 3-200 fry/ tank. Pangas fry were fed twice daily with formulated feed 35 % protein at 10%, 5%, and 3% body weight for the first, second, and third month, respectively. After 90 days, the Highest growth performances (determined in terms of average weight) were recorded in T 1 (27.5±2.5 g) and T 2 (22.4±2.8 g) while T 3 (18.2±3.5g) recorded the smallest growth. Production differed significantly among treatments (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.0, 1.02 and 1.05 in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively were not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest survival (100%) was attained in T 1 with lower stocking density, followed by T 2 (96%) and T 3 (90%). Survival was greatly influenced by the stocking densities in all treatments. The water quality parameters and their monthly fluctuations recorded throughout the study period were found within the suitable ranges for the fish culture such as temperature 27.0 to 28.7 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.7 to 6.2 mg/lit, pH 7.2 to 7.5, Ammonia from 0.45 to 0.51mg/L, Hardness 105 to 110 ppm and Nitrite 0.152 to 0.161 mg/L.
Citation: Daudpota AM, Kalhoro IB, Shah SA, Kalhoro H and Abbas G (2014) Effect of stocking densi... more Citation: Daudpota AM, Kalhoro IB, Shah SA, Kalhoro H and Abbas G (2014) Effect of stocking densities on growth, production and survival rate of red tilapia in hapa at fish hatchery Chilya Thatta, Sindh, Abstract Effect of stocking density on growth, production and survival of red tilapia were conducted in hapa for 60 days at Chilya Thatta. Tilapia fry (4.5±0.02 cm, 2.0±0.01 g) were stocked into hapa (4.5x2.4x1 m). Three treatments with two replicates were used: T 1-200; T 2-250 and T 3-300 fry/hapa. Fry were fed twice a daily with pelleted feed containing 35% protein, 5% of total biomass. After 60 days, the highest growth were determined in T 1 (49.8±0.0 g) while in T 3 lowest growth (29.09±0.0 g) was recorded. Production (9.56, 10.13 and 8.12 kg/m 3 /60days) in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 respectively were significantly different (P<0.05) to each other. Feed conversion ratio of 0.48, 0.48 and 0.49 in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively not significantly different (P>0.05). Survival was significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Highest survival (100%) was attained in T 1 with lower stocking density, followed by T 2 (98%) and T 3 (95%). Water quality parameters recorded throughout the study period were found within the ranges for fish culture such as temperature 27.2 to 28.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.8 to 6.4 mg/l, pH 6.9 to 7.6, ammonia from 0.45 to 0.51 mg/l, hardness 106 to 110 ppm and nitrite 0.151 to 0.162 mg/l.
A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to compare growth, feed consumption and body comp... more A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to compare growth, feed consumption and body composition of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus) and Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) reared in concrete tanks for 60 days. The juvenile of Nile tilapia, T1 (mean weight 2.08±0.2 g) and hybrid red tilapia, T2 (mean weight 2.07±0.16 g) were stocked in concrete tanks (15 × 6 × 3 ft). They were fed with four isoenergetic (20.3 kJ g-1) diets containing 35% protein at a daily ration of 5% body weight with two replications. The highest weight gain was found in T2 (44.2±0.1g), while the lowest one was recorded in T1 (34.3±0.2 g). Specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly different among treatments (P<0.01). Survival remained 100% in T2, while 94% was observed in T1. Condition factor was found to be significantly different among the groups (P<0.01). The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was greater in T2 that of T1. Production of T2 was 11.05 kg/m 3 /60 days and for T1 was found to be 8.58 kg/m 3 /60 days (P<0.05). Water quality parameters (temperature 28.3±0.14°C, dissolved oxygen 6.4±0.07 mg/l, pH 6.8±0.07, ammonia 0.002±0.00 mg/l, hardness 107.1±1.4 mg/l and nitrite 0.145±0.00 mg/l) were recorded throughout the study period. The values of biochemical constituents including fatty acids of the fish in T1 and T2 did not show prominent changes (P<0.05), though little variations were noted in the values of individual fatty acids. Based on the biological and chemical data, it is suggested that hybrid red tilapia, T2 (O. niloticus × O. mossambicus) has potential for aquaculture in Pakistan.
Feeding frequency is well known for the reduction of aquaculture production cost and preventing w... more Feeding frequency is well known for the reduction of aquaculture production cost and preventing water quality deterioration as the result of excess feeding. The influence of feeding frequency was studied in the present study, when juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (initial body weight 1.0 g) were maintained in rearing tanks 35 liters each (water temperature 29 o C, salinity 14‰, pH 7.7, dissolve oxygen 5.1ml/l and ammonia never exceeded 0.1 ml/l) and were fed diet of 35% protein for 42 days. Fish were fed at four frequencies: two, three, four and five times a day. Each feeding frequency was assigned to three tanks of fish with 10 fish per tank. Results showed that significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio were observed at feeding frequency of four to five times daily. Moisture, protein and ash contents of whole body were not affected by feeding frequency. Lipid content of fish fed four and five times daily was significantly higher than that of the fish fed one and two times daily. The condition factor remained consistent at all feeding frequencies and survival was 100% throughout the experiment. These results suggest that under similar culture conditions, the optimum feeding frequency of juvenile Nile tilapia (from initial body weight of 1.0 g to 5.8 g) is four times daily.
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days in cemented cisterns size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery ChilyaThatta, Sindh Pakistan. fry having 2.0 g mean weight and 2.5 cm
mean length were imported live from Thailand and stocked in cemented cisterns at hatchery. After acclimatization the fry were fed with
formulated diet containing 30% gross protein tow times in a day at the rate of 5% of total biomass. The diet consists of fish meal (FM),
mustered oil cake (MOC), rice bran (RB), wheat bran (WB), rice protein (RP), wheat flour (WF), salt and vitamin premix. The water
quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2,
Ammonia 0.38-0.54 mg/lit and hardness 110-130 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. The outcomes exposed
that the growth increment of fry was higher afterward 30 days of rearing period. Finally at the end of experiment fish attained (281g
mean weight and 29.4 cm mean length) in 150 days experiment.
Keywords: Red tilapia, growth, adaptation and cemented cisterns.
deterioration as the result of excess feeding. The influence of feeding frequency was studied in the present study,
when juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (initial body weight 1.0 g) were maintained in rearing tanks 35
liters each (water temperature 29
o
C, salinity 14‰, pH 7.7, dissolve oxygen 5.1ml/l and ammonia never exceeded
0.1 ml/l) and were fed diet of 35% protein for 42 days. Fish were fed at four frequencies: two, three, four and five
times a day. Each feeding frequency was assigned to three tanks of fish with 10 fish per tank. Results showed that
significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio were observed at
feeding frequency of four to five times daily. Moisture, protein and ash contents of whole body were not affected
by feeding frequency. Lipid content of fish fed four and five times daily was significantly higher than that of the
fish fed one and two times daily. The condition factor remained consistent at all feeding frequencies and survival
was 100% throughout the experiment. These results suggest that under similar culture conditions, the optimum
feeding frequency of juvenile Nile tilapia (from initial body weight of 1.0 g to 5.8 g) is four times daily.
days in cemented cisterns size (15 x 6 x 3 ft) at fish hatchery ChilyaThatta, Sindh Pakistan. fry having 2.0 g mean weight and 2.5 cm
mean length were imported live from Thailand and stocked in cemented cisterns at hatchery. After acclimatization the fry were fed with
formulated diet containing 30% gross protein tow times in a day at the rate of 5% of total biomass. The diet consists of fish meal (FM),
mustered oil cake (MOC), rice bran (RB), wheat bran (WB), rice protein (RP), wheat flour (WF), salt and vitamin premix. The water
quality parameters were recorded monthly basis and ranged between temperature 28-31°C, dissolved oxygen 5.2-6.5 mg/lit, pH 6.7-7.2,
Ammonia 0.38-0.54 mg/lit and hardness 110-130 ppm were found within the suitable ranges for fish culture. The outcomes exposed
that the growth increment of fry was higher afterward 30 days of rearing period. Finally at the end of experiment fish attained (281g
mean weight and 29.4 cm mean length) in 150 days experiment.
Keywords: Red tilapia, growth, adaptation and cemented cisterns.
deterioration as the result of excess feeding. The influence of feeding frequency was studied in the present study,
when juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (initial body weight 1.0 g) were maintained in rearing tanks 35
liters each (water temperature 29
o
C, salinity 14‰, pH 7.7, dissolve oxygen 5.1ml/l and ammonia never exceeded
0.1 ml/l) and were fed diet of 35% protein for 42 days. Fish were fed at four frequencies: two, three, four and five
times a day. Each feeding frequency was assigned to three tanks of fish with 10 fish per tank. Results showed that
significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio were observed at
feeding frequency of four to five times daily. Moisture, protein and ash contents of whole body were not affected
by feeding frequency. Lipid content of fish fed four and five times daily was significantly higher than that of the
fish fed one and two times daily. The condition factor remained consistent at all feeding frequencies and survival
was 100% throughout the experiment. These results suggest that under similar culture conditions, the optimum
feeding frequency of juvenile Nile tilapia (from initial body weight of 1.0 g to 5.8 g) is four times daily.