Starting from 1950, Konya witnessed rapid population growth, leading to a surge in the constructi... more Starting from 1950, Konya witnessed rapid population growth, leading to a surge in the construction of apartment blocks. During this period, residing in the apartment became a symbol of status, with traditional houses being demolished to make way for these modern buildings. Cooperatives played a significant role in the production of these apartment blocks, marking a crucial phase in Konya's urban development. This study focuses on three iconic apartment buildings constructed in Konya after 1950 by architects from Istanbul and Ankara: Yonca, Horozluhan, and Yeşil Meram Apartments. These buildings, constructed in 1957, 1965, and 1967 respectively, occupy prominent locations on key streets within the city. Yonca Apartment is situated in the Abdülaziz Neighborhood, which saw an influx of immigrants between 1950-1960. Horozluhan Apartment stands on Feritpaşa Street, running from the train station to the monument statue, offering views of the old city stadium. Yeşil Meram Apartment, meanwhile, was located on the newly opened Nalçacı Street between 1963 and 1970. These buildings, located in the same city and a similar period, were designed by nationally recognized architects. The study aims to identify the similarities and differences in these modern apartment-type housing in Konya. The spatial analysis of these buildings, which are the original apartment building examples of the period, has been made and the space syntax has been utilized as a method. In the analysis method, three aspects are discussed: the relationship between the building and its parcel, circulation within the apartment block, and the configuration of apartment plans. The analysis of building-parcel relationships involves evaluating the layout plan and the connection between the block- the building entrance - and the street. Block type and circulation areas were analyzed for apartment blocks. On the other hand, justified plan graphs and isovist fields were obtained on the apartment plan. Furthermore, visibility graph analysis (VGA) was conducted across all three aspects, measuring visual integration, connectivity, entropy, and mean depth values. These data facilitate a comparative analysis of the three modern apartment-type housing, highlighting their commonalities and distinctive features.
Rural architectural heritage bearing the traces of socio-cultural codes are buildings shaped by e... more Rural architectural heritage bearing the traces of socio-cultural codes are buildings shaped by environmental factors, establishing strong bonds with the area, built with traditional techniques and local materials. Residential buildings are the most indicative building type that represents the characteristics of rural architecture. The determination of rural housing typologies provides worthy information about spatial organizations, cultural space relations, and the social structure of areas. Through this study, the rural housing structure of Çavuş Village in Beyşehir, where is in the northeast of the Lakes Region and has been the settlement area of important civilizations for years, was evaluated. Çavuş Village offers unique values for this region with its mudbrick structures. Buildings were evaluated in terms of parcellation, orientation, plan and facade arrangement, construction technique, structural condition, building materials and decoration. In this context, houses with inner, partially opened inner and outer sofas were encountered in the village, and it was determined that the dominant type was the plan type with the partially opened inner sofa. While many of the buildings consist of double-storey, it has been observed that most of the openings are located on the upper floor and the window ratios are ½ like the Turkish Traditional House. It is thought that it will be beneficial to determine the rural architectural heritage and to perceive the cultural and social structure of this region with its other characteristic elements.
Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 2021
Cumhuriyetin kurulması ve sonrasında Sanayi Devriminin/endüstrileşmenin etkilerinin kentlerde his... more Cumhuriyetin kurulması ve sonrasında Sanayi Devriminin/endüstrileşmenin etkilerinin kentlerde hissedilmeye başlamasıyla konut sorunu ortaya çıkmıştır. Apartman tipi konut da en önemli konut sunum biçimlerinden bir tanesi olup, kentlerde kapladıkları alanlar dolayısıyla önem taşımaktadır. Çalışma alanı olarak seçilen Konya kenti de konut sorunundan etkilenmiştir. Bu nedenle farklı dönemlerde farklı tipte apartmanlar kentte yerini almıştır. Belirlenen dört dönem içinde üçer adet seçilen apartman tipi konutlarla, çalışmada on iki adet apartman mekân kurgusu bağlamında irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı ise; konutun en önemli birimlerinden olan, yatma-uyuma-dinlenme-giyinme bazen yıkanma gibi temel ihtiyaçları karşılayan “yatak odası” mekânının, belirlenen dönemler içindeki değişimini irdelemek olarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen örneklerin planları üzerinden yapılan mekân okuması, erişim grafiği ve görünür alan analizleriyle yatak odası biriminin değişimi tartışmaya açılmak istenmiştir. Konutun en kişisel/mahrem mekânı olan yatak odasının değişimini tartışmaya açmak ve gelecek çalışmalara referans olmak amacıyla bu çalışmanın önemli olacağı öngörülmektedir. Especially after the establishment of the Republic, the effects of the Industrial Revolution and industrialization began to be felt in the cities with the arising housing problem. Apartment type housing is also one of the most important forms of housing production, because of the areas it occupies in cities. Konya, which was chosen as the study area, was also affected by the housing problem. For this reason, different types of apartment buildings took place in the city in different periods. In the study, three apartments were selected for each specified period. Totally twelve apartments were examined in the context of the spatial setup. The aim of the study has been determined as examining the change of the "bedroom" space, which is one of the most important units of the residence and meets the basic needs such as sleeping, resting, dressing, and sometimes washing, over the specified periods. The change of bedroom unit was asked to be discussed with the location reading, justified access graph and visible area analysis made on the plans of these structures. It is anticipated that this study will be important in order to open the discussion of the change of the bedroom, which is the most personal space of the house, and to reference future studies.
Purpose
Ingels, who was influenced by Darwin, designs new mutants by developing prototypes. This ... more Purpose Ingels, who was influenced by Darwin, designs new mutants by developing prototypes. This study, it is aimed to scrutinize the public space alternatives proposed for the 21st-century city through the comparative analysis of the stepped pixelated buildings, one of the mutants of the architect. It has been how much questioned the stages, which offer a public space proposal, in the stepped pixelated buildings allow urban dialogue. Design/Methodology/Approach While Ingels' design philosophy constitutes the conceptual approach of the study, this study is prepared by using the architect's discourse, interviews, videos, digital texts, and literature studies. In this context, the repetitive examples that the architect defines as mutation and adaptation are classified. The stepped pixels in this classification are the main subject of this study. Ingels' pixelated buildings; Suitable human scale, the language of mass and form, relationship between human and space, the suggestion of space for experience, public space concept, dialogue spaces were discussed based on architect's approach. Findings Ingels went in the way of dividing the object through pixels when designing macro-scale structures. Thus, he made the big picture more understandable and perceptible. He tried to achieve the human scale with the gradual pixels rising from the ground level. In this way, Ingels' pixels buildings have transformed themselves into an experiential part of urban. Research Limitations/Implications These parameters were evaluated under four dwelling buildings of the stepped pixel in the case study (Lego Tower, Mountain Dwellings, King Street West, 79 & Park). Social/Practical Implications At this research, it is foreseen that the new living space suggestions consisting of stepped pixels designed by Ingels will undergo different mutations and come up with new urban alternatives in the future. Originality/Value Pixelated dwellings, one of the mutations of Ingels, who constantly draws attention to the problem of not integrating the buildings into the city in today's architecture, have been analysed and evaluated in the context of urban alliterations. In this way, research, a first in its field is important in terms of opening to discuss the alternative urban living spaces proposed by the architect for 21st-century architecture in the contemporary architectural environment.
PROCEEDING BOOK 8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION, 2020
Anatolia has been home to different cultures and civilizations throughout history. In the interac... more Anatolia has been home to different cultures and civilizations throughout history. In the interaction between cultures, tangible and intangible cultural elements by transferring through centuries and changing to the conditions have reached today. Neolithic settlement Çatalhöyük that is claimed to be the oldest known city or city's archetype offers very important findings not only for Anatolia but also for world history. This study "any similarity between prehistoric houses in Anatolia and houses in rural settlements?" it was built on the question. The study aims to reach the clues about the origin of rural houses of Çumra region, through the Central Anatolia Region Konya Plain and to determine the relationship between continuity and interaction between the cultures (Çatalhöyük) that lived in different time zones in the same geography. Parameters such as plan typology and façade character were used to determine the presence of interaction of cultures in a spatial sense. The building characteristics were identified through the housing plans, reconstructions, and visuals of the different historical layers of the Çatalhöyük settlement, which is one of the Neolithic period residences in the Konya Plain. The residences that could preserve their original value from the villages near these mounds were identified and selected. Plan typology, spatial fiction, material, construction technique, and facade character of these examples are discussed. The houses within the case study have been evaluated analogically in terms of the parameters discussed above. In this study, it is accepted that the Neolithic period dwellings and the Anatolian rural house built with traditional methods located in the same geography are representatives of different cultures. Also, the prehistoric residences examined within the scope of the study are limited to the layers reached so far at the excavation site. The main hypothesis of the study; is that spatial continuity may exist between cultures living in different time zones in the same geography. One of the sub-hypotheses; It is the idea that the rural houses in the Konya Plain may have similar architectural characteristics among the houses belonging to cultures that lived before them in the same region. Another hypothesis is that rural houses built with traditional methods in near Çumra may give clues to the ongoing archaeological excavations and works in the region. As a result of the study, typological, fictional, material, and technical similarities were reached between the houses that different periods and cultures, located in the same region. Keywords: Çatalhöyük, Çumra, Rural House, Cultural Interaction, Neolithic House
Starting from 1950, Konya witnessed rapid population growth, leading to a surge in the constructi... more Starting from 1950, Konya witnessed rapid population growth, leading to a surge in the construction of apartment blocks. During this period, residing in the apartment became a symbol of status, with traditional houses being demolished to make way for these modern buildings. Cooperatives played a significant role in the production of these apartment blocks, marking a crucial phase in Konya's urban development. This study focuses on three iconic apartment buildings constructed in Konya after 1950 by architects from Istanbul and Ankara: Yonca, Horozluhan, and Yeşil Meram Apartments. These buildings, constructed in 1957, 1965, and 1967 respectively, occupy prominent locations on key streets within the city. Yonca Apartment is situated in the Abdülaziz Neighborhood, which saw an influx of immigrants between 1950-1960. Horozluhan Apartment stands on Feritpaşa Street, running from the train station to the monument statue, offering views of the old city stadium. Yeşil Meram Apartment, meanwhile, was located on the newly opened Nalçacı Street between 1963 and 1970. These buildings, located in the same city and a similar period, were designed by nationally recognized architects. The study aims to identify the similarities and differences in these modern apartment-type housing in Konya. The spatial analysis of these buildings, which are the original apartment building examples of the period, has been made and the space syntax has been utilized as a method. In the analysis method, three aspects are discussed: the relationship between the building and its parcel, circulation within the apartment block, and the configuration of apartment plans. The analysis of building-parcel relationships involves evaluating the layout plan and the connection between the block- the building entrance - and the street. Block type and circulation areas were analyzed for apartment blocks. On the other hand, justified plan graphs and isovist fields were obtained on the apartment plan. Furthermore, visibility graph analysis (VGA) was conducted across all three aspects, measuring visual integration, connectivity, entropy, and mean depth values. These data facilitate a comparative analysis of the three modern apartment-type housing, highlighting their commonalities and distinctive features.
Rural architectural heritage bearing the traces of socio-cultural codes are buildings shaped by e... more Rural architectural heritage bearing the traces of socio-cultural codes are buildings shaped by environmental factors, establishing strong bonds with the area, built with traditional techniques and local materials. Residential buildings are the most indicative building type that represents the characteristics of rural architecture. The determination of rural housing typologies provides worthy information about spatial organizations, cultural space relations, and the social structure of areas. Through this study, the rural housing structure of Çavuş Village in Beyşehir, where is in the northeast of the Lakes Region and has been the settlement area of important civilizations for years, was evaluated. Çavuş Village offers unique values for this region with its mudbrick structures. Buildings were evaluated in terms of parcellation, orientation, plan and facade arrangement, construction technique, structural condition, building materials and decoration. In this context, houses with inner, partially opened inner and outer sofas were encountered in the village, and it was determined that the dominant type was the plan type with the partially opened inner sofa. While many of the buildings consist of double-storey, it has been observed that most of the openings are located on the upper floor and the window ratios are ½ like the Turkish Traditional House. It is thought that it will be beneficial to determine the rural architectural heritage and to perceive the cultural and social structure of this region with its other characteristic elements.
Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 2021
Cumhuriyetin kurulması ve sonrasında Sanayi Devriminin/endüstrileşmenin etkilerinin kentlerde his... more Cumhuriyetin kurulması ve sonrasında Sanayi Devriminin/endüstrileşmenin etkilerinin kentlerde hissedilmeye başlamasıyla konut sorunu ortaya çıkmıştır. Apartman tipi konut da en önemli konut sunum biçimlerinden bir tanesi olup, kentlerde kapladıkları alanlar dolayısıyla önem taşımaktadır. Çalışma alanı olarak seçilen Konya kenti de konut sorunundan etkilenmiştir. Bu nedenle farklı dönemlerde farklı tipte apartmanlar kentte yerini almıştır. Belirlenen dört dönem içinde üçer adet seçilen apartman tipi konutlarla, çalışmada on iki adet apartman mekân kurgusu bağlamında irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı ise; konutun en önemli birimlerinden olan, yatma-uyuma-dinlenme-giyinme bazen yıkanma gibi temel ihtiyaçları karşılayan “yatak odası” mekânının, belirlenen dönemler içindeki değişimini irdelemek olarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen örneklerin planları üzerinden yapılan mekân okuması, erişim grafiği ve görünür alan analizleriyle yatak odası biriminin değişimi tartışmaya açılmak istenmiştir. Konutun en kişisel/mahrem mekânı olan yatak odasının değişimini tartışmaya açmak ve gelecek çalışmalara referans olmak amacıyla bu çalışmanın önemli olacağı öngörülmektedir. Especially after the establishment of the Republic, the effects of the Industrial Revolution and industrialization began to be felt in the cities with the arising housing problem. Apartment type housing is also one of the most important forms of housing production, because of the areas it occupies in cities. Konya, which was chosen as the study area, was also affected by the housing problem. For this reason, different types of apartment buildings took place in the city in different periods. In the study, three apartments were selected for each specified period. Totally twelve apartments were examined in the context of the spatial setup. The aim of the study has been determined as examining the change of the "bedroom" space, which is one of the most important units of the residence and meets the basic needs such as sleeping, resting, dressing, and sometimes washing, over the specified periods. The change of bedroom unit was asked to be discussed with the location reading, justified access graph and visible area analysis made on the plans of these structures. It is anticipated that this study will be important in order to open the discussion of the change of the bedroom, which is the most personal space of the house, and to reference future studies.
Purpose
Ingels, who was influenced by Darwin, designs new mutants by developing prototypes. This ... more Purpose Ingels, who was influenced by Darwin, designs new mutants by developing prototypes. This study, it is aimed to scrutinize the public space alternatives proposed for the 21st-century city through the comparative analysis of the stepped pixelated buildings, one of the mutants of the architect. It has been how much questioned the stages, which offer a public space proposal, in the stepped pixelated buildings allow urban dialogue. Design/Methodology/Approach While Ingels' design philosophy constitutes the conceptual approach of the study, this study is prepared by using the architect's discourse, interviews, videos, digital texts, and literature studies. In this context, the repetitive examples that the architect defines as mutation and adaptation are classified. The stepped pixels in this classification are the main subject of this study. Ingels' pixelated buildings; Suitable human scale, the language of mass and form, relationship between human and space, the suggestion of space for experience, public space concept, dialogue spaces were discussed based on architect's approach. Findings Ingels went in the way of dividing the object through pixels when designing macro-scale structures. Thus, he made the big picture more understandable and perceptible. He tried to achieve the human scale with the gradual pixels rising from the ground level. In this way, Ingels' pixels buildings have transformed themselves into an experiential part of urban. Research Limitations/Implications These parameters were evaluated under four dwelling buildings of the stepped pixel in the case study (Lego Tower, Mountain Dwellings, King Street West, 79 & Park). Social/Practical Implications At this research, it is foreseen that the new living space suggestions consisting of stepped pixels designed by Ingels will undergo different mutations and come up with new urban alternatives in the future. Originality/Value Pixelated dwellings, one of the mutations of Ingels, who constantly draws attention to the problem of not integrating the buildings into the city in today's architecture, have been analysed and evaluated in the context of urban alliterations. In this way, research, a first in its field is important in terms of opening to discuss the alternative urban living spaces proposed by the architect for 21st-century architecture in the contemporary architectural environment.
PROCEEDING BOOK 8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION, 2020
Anatolia has been home to different cultures and civilizations throughout history. In the interac... more Anatolia has been home to different cultures and civilizations throughout history. In the interaction between cultures, tangible and intangible cultural elements by transferring through centuries and changing to the conditions have reached today. Neolithic settlement Çatalhöyük that is claimed to be the oldest known city or city's archetype offers very important findings not only for Anatolia but also for world history. This study "any similarity between prehistoric houses in Anatolia and houses in rural settlements?" it was built on the question. The study aims to reach the clues about the origin of rural houses of Çumra region, through the Central Anatolia Region Konya Plain and to determine the relationship between continuity and interaction between the cultures (Çatalhöyük) that lived in different time zones in the same geography. Parameters such as plan typology and façade character were used to determine the presence of interaction of cultures in a spatial sense. The building characteristics were identified through the housing plans, reconstructions, and visuals of the different historical layers of the Çatalhöyük settlement, which is one of the Neolithic period residences in the Konya Plain. The residences that could preserve their original value from the villages near these mounds were identified and selected. Plan typology, spatial fiction, material, construction technique, and facade character of these examples are discussed. The houses within the case study have been evaluated analogically in terms of the parameters discussed above. In this study, it is accepted that the Neolithic period dwellings and the Anatolian rural house built with traditional methods located in the same geography are representatives of different cultures. Also, the prehistoric residences examined within the scope of the study are limited to the layers reached so far at the excavation site. The main hypothesis of the study; is that spatial continuity may exist between cultures living in different time zones in the same geography. One of the sub-hypotheses; It is the idea that the rural houses in the Konya Plain may have similar architectural characteristics among the houses belonging to cultures that lived before them in the same region. Another hypothesis is that rural houses built with traditional methods in near Çumra may give clues to the ongoing archaeological excavations and works in the region. As a result of the study, typological, fictional, material, and technical similarities were reached between the houses that different periods and cultures, located in the same region. Keywords: Çatalhöyük, Çumra, Rural House, Cultural Interaction, Neolithic House
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This study focuses on three iconic apartment buildings constructed in Konya after 1950 by architects from Istanbul and Ankara: Yonca, Horozluhan, and Yeşil Meram Apartments. These buildings, constructed in 1957, 1965, and 1967 respectively, occupy prominent locations on key streets within the city. Yonca Apartment is situated in the Abdülaziz Neighborhood, which saw an influx of immigrants between 1950-1960. Horozluhan Apartment stands on Feritpaşa Street, running from the train station to the monument statue, offering views of the old city stadium. Yeşil Meram Apartment, meanwhile, was located on the newly opened Nalçacı Street between 1963 and 1970. These buildings, located in the same city and a similar period, were designed by nationally recognized architects. The study aims to identify the similarities and differences in these modern apartment-type housing in Konya.
The spatial analysis of these buildings, which are the original apartment building examples of the period, has been made and the space syntax has been utilized as a method. In the analysis method, three aspects are discussed: the relationship between the building and its parcel, circulation within the apartment block, and the configuration of apartment plans. The analysis of building-parcel relationships involves evaluating the layout plan and the connection between the block- the building entrance - and the street. Block type and circulation areas were analyzed for apartment blocks. On the other hand, justified plan graphs and isovist fields were obtained on the apartment plan. Furthermore, visibility graph analysis (VGA) was conducted across all three aspects, measuring visual integration, connectivity, entropy, and mean depth values. These data facilitate a comparative analysis of the three modern apartment-type housing, highlighting their commonalities and distinctive features.
Especially after the establishment of the Republic, the effects of the Industrial Revolution and industrialization began to be felt in the cities with the arising housing problem. Apartment type housing is also one of the most important forms of housing production, because of the areas it occupies in cities. Konya, which was chosen as the study area, was also affected by the housing problem. For this reason, different types of apartment buildings took place in the city in different periods. In the study, three apartments were selected for each specified period. Totally twelve apartments were examined in the context of the spatial setup. The aim of the study has been determined as examining the change of the "bedroom" space, which is one of the most important units of the residence and meets the basic needs such as sleeping, resting, dressing, and sometimes washing, over the specified periods. The change of bedroom unit was asked to be discussed with the location reading, justified access graph and visible area analysis made on the plans of these structures. It is anticipated that this study will be important in order to open the discussion of the change of the bedroom, which is the most personal space of the house, and to reference future studies.
Ingels, who was influenced by Darwin, designs new mutants by developing prototypes. This study, it is aimed to scrutinize the public space alternatives proposed for the 21st-century city through the comparative analysis of the stepped pixelated buildings, one of the mutants of the architect. It has been how much questioned the stages, which offer a public space proposal, in the stepped pixelated buildings allow urban dialogue.
Design/Methodology/Approach
While Ingels' design philosophy constitutes the conceptual approach of the study, this study is prepared by using the architect's discourse, interviews, videos, digital texts, and literature studies. In this context, the repetitive examples that the architect defines as mutation and adaptation are classified. The stepped pixels in this classification are the main subject of this study. Ingels' pixelated buildings; Suitable human scale, the language of mass and form, relationship between human and space, the suggestion of space for experience, public space concept, dialogue spaces were discussed based on architect's approach.
Findings
Ingels went in the way of dividing the object through pixels when designing macro-scale structures. Thus, he made the big picture more understandable and perceptible. He tried to achieve the human scale with the gradual pixels rising from the ground level. In this way, Ingels' pixels buildings have transformed themselves into an experiential part of urban.
Research Limitations/Implications
These parameters were evaluated under four dwelling buildings of the stepped pixel in the case study (Lego Tower, Mountain Dwellings, King Street West, 79 & Park).
Social/Practical Implications
At this research, it is foreseen that the new living space suggestions consisting of stepped pixels designed by Ingels will undergo different mutations and come up with new urban alternatives in the future.
Originality/Value
Pixelated dwellings, one of the mutations of Ingels, who constantly draws attention to the problem of not integrating the buildings into the city in today's architecture, have been analysed and evaluated in the context of urban alliterations. In this way, research, a first in its field is important in terms of opening to discuss the alternative urban living spaces proposed by the architect for 21st-century architecture in the contemporary architectural environment.
This study "any similarity between prehistoric houses in Anatolia and houses in rural settlements?" it was built on the question. The study aims to reach the clues about the origin of rural houses of Çumra region, through the Central Anatolia Region Konya Plain and to determine the relationship between continuity and interaction between the cultures (Çatalhöyük) that lived in different time zones in the same geography. Parameters such as plan typology and façade character were used to determine the presence of interaction of cultures in a spatial sense. The building characteristics were identified through the housing plans, reconstructions, and visuals of the different historical layers of the Çatalhöyük settlement, which is one of the Neolithic period residences in the Konya Plain. The residences that could preserve their original value from the villages near these mounds were identified and selected. Plan typology, spatial fiction, material, construction technique, and facade character of these examples are discussed. The houses within the case study have been evaluated analogically in terms of the parameters discussed above. In this study, it is accepted that the Neolithic period dwellings and the Anatolian rural house built with traditional methods located in the same geography are representatives of different cultures. Also, the prehistoric residences examined within the scope of the study are limited to the layers reached so far at the excavation site.
The main hypothesis of the study; is that spatial continuity may exist between cultures living in different time zones in the same geography. One of the sub-hypotheses; It is the idea that the rural houses in the Konya Plain may have similar architectural characteristics among the houses belonging to cultures that lived before them in the same region. Another hypothesis is that rural houses built with traditional methods in near Çumra may give clues to the ongoing archaeological excavations and works in the region. As a result of the study, typological, fictional, material, and technical similarities were reached between the houses that different periods and cultures, located in the same region.
Keywords: Çatalhöyük, Çumra, Rural House, Cultural Interaction, Neolithic House
This study focuses on three iconic apartment buildings constructed in Konya after 1950 by architects from Istanbul and Ankara: Yonca, Horozluhan, and Yeşil Meram Apartments. These buildings, constructed in 1957, 1965, and 1967 respectively, occupy prominent locations on key streets within the city. Yonca Apartment is situated in the Abdülaziz Neighborhood, which saw an influx of immigrants between 1950-1960. Horozluhan Apartment stands on Feritpaşa Street, running from the train station to the monument statue, offering views of the old city stadium. Yeşil Meram Apartment, meanwhile, was located on the newly opened Nalçacı Street between 1963 and 1970. These buildings, located in the same city and a similar period, were designed by nationally recognized architects. The study aims to identify the similarities and differences in these modern apartment-type housing in Konya.
The spatial analysis of these buildings, which are the original apartment building examples of the period, has been made and the space syntax has been utilized as a method. In the analysis method, three aspects are discussed: the relationship between the building and its parcel, circulation within the apartment block, and the configuration of apartment plans. The analysis of building-parcel relationships involves evaluating the layout plan and the connection between the block- the building entrance - and the street. Block type and circulation areas were analyzed for apartment blocks. On the other hand, justified plan graphs and isovist fields were obtained on the apartment plan. Furthermore, visibility graph analysis (VGA) was conducted across all three aspects, measuring visual integration, connectivity, entropy, and mean depth values. These data facilitate a comparative analysis of the three modern apartment-type housing, highlighting their commonalities and distinctive features.
Especially after the establishment of the Republic, the effects of the Industrial Revolution and industrialization began to be felt in the cities with the arising housing problem. Apartment type housing is also one of the most important forms of housing production, because of the areas it occupies in cities. Konya, which was chosen as the study area, was also affected by the housing problem. For this reason, different types of apartment buildings took place in the city in different periods. In the study, three apartments were selected for each specified period. Totally twelve apartments were examined in the context of the spatial setup. The aim of the study has been determined as examining the change of the "bedroom" space, which is one of the most important units of the residence and meets the basic needs such as sleeping, resting, dressing, and sometimes washing, over the specified periods. The change of bedroom unit was asked to be discussed with the location reading, justified access graph and visible area analysis made on the plans of these structures. It is anticipated that this study will be important in order to open the discussion of the change of the bedroom, which is the most personal space of the house, and to reference future studies.
Ingels, who was influenced by Darwin, designs new mutants by developing prototypes. This study, it is aimed to scrutinize the public space alternatives proposed for the 21st-century city through the comparative analysis of the stepped pixelated buildings, one of the mutants of the architect. It has been how much questioned the stages, which offer a public space proposal, in the stepped pixelated buildings allow urban dialogue.
Design/Methodology/Approach
While Ingels' design philosophy constitutes the conceptual approach of the study, this study is prepared by using the architect's discourse, interviews, videos, digital texts, and literature studies. In this context, the repetitive examples that the architect defines as mutation and adaptation are classified. The stepped pixels in this classification are the main subject of this study. Ingels' pixelated buildings; Suitable human scale, the language of mass and form, relationship between human and space, the suggestion of space for experience, public space concept, dialogue spaces were discussed based on architect's approach.
Findings
Ingels went in the way of dividing the object through pixels when designing macro-scale structures. Thus, he made the big picture more understandable and perceptible. He tried to achieve the human scale with the gradual pixels rising from the ground level. In this way, Ingels' pixels buildings have transformed themselves into an experiential part of urban.
Research Limitations/Implications
These parameters were evaluated under four dwelling buildings of the stepped pixel in the case study (Lego Tower, Mountain Dwellings, King Street West, 79 & Park).
Social/Practical Implications
At this research, it is foreseen that the new living space suggestions consisting of stepped pixels designed by Ingels will undergo different mutations and come up with new urban alternatives in the future.
Originality/Value
Pixelated dwellings, one of the mutations of Ingels, who constantly draws attention to the problem of not integrating the buildings into the city in today's architecture, have been analysed and evaluated in the context of urban alliterations. In this way, research, a first in its field is important in terms of opening to discuss the alternative urban living spaces proposed by the architect for 21st-century architecture in the contemporary architectural environment.
This study "any similarity between prehistoric houses in Anatolia and houses in rural settlements?" it was built on the question. The study aims to reach the clues about the origin of rural houses of Çumra region, through the Central Anatolia Region Konya Plain and to determine the relationship between continuity and interaction between the cultures (Çatalhöyük) that lived in different time zones in the same geography. Parameters such as plan typology and façade character were used to determine the presence of interaction of cultures in a spatial sense. The building characteristics were identified through the housing plans, reconstructions, and visuals of the different historical layers of the Çatalhöyük settlement, which is one of the Neolithic period residences in the Konya Plain. The residences that could preserve their original value from the villages near these mounds were identified and selected. Plan typology, spatial fiction, material, construction technique, and facade character of these examples are discussed. The houses within the case study have been evaluated analogically in terms of the parameters discussed above. In this study, it is accepted that the Neolithic period dwellings and the Anatolian rural house built with traditional methods located in the same geography are representatives of different cultures. Also, the prehistoric residences examined within the scope of the study are limited to the layers reached so far at the excavation site.
The main hypothesis of the study; is that spatial continuity may exist between cultures living in different time zones in the same geography. One of the sub-hypotheses; It is the idea that the rural houses in the Konya Plain may have similar architectural characteristics among the houses belonging to cultures that lived before them in the same region. Another hypothesis is that rural houses built with traditional methods in near Çumra may give clues to the ongoing archaeological excavations and works in the region. As a result of the study, typological, fictional, material, and technical similarities were reached between the houses that different periods and cultures, located in the same region.
Keywords: Çatalhöyük, Çumra, Rural House, Cultural Interaction, Neolithic House