- School of Data Science
Perdana University, Malaysia
SA JAMES
Kaduna State University, Biochemistry, Faculty Member
Elastase is a member of the serine protease enzyme family that hydrolytically degrades elastin, a connective tissue component leading to aging and wrinkling of the skin. In this report, we investigated the in-vitro inhibitory effects of... more
Elastase is a member of the serine protease enzyme family that hydrolytically degrades elastin, a connective tissue component leading to aging and wrinkling of the skin. In this report, we investigated the in-vitro inhibitory effects of some cations and n-hexane extract of Hibiscus cannabinus, Vernonia amygdalina, Murraya koenigii, and Telfairia occidentalis on the activity of Elastase isolated from Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Elastase was extracted, isolated and partially purified from Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. The data obtained in this study demonstrated that the activity of elastase in Aspergillus flavus was higher compared to that of Aspergillus niger after salting out. The elastase inhibition activities of Hibiscus cannabinus, Vernonia amygdalina, Murraya koenigii, and Telfairia occidentalis reveal that the leaf extract from Murraya koenigii, in Aspergillus flavus had more significant inhibition was obtained compared to that of Aspergillus niger, with inhibitory effect from 40µg/ml. While that of Hibiscus cannabinus showed similar inhibition characteristics to Murraya koenigii. Both Hibiscus cannabinus and Vernonia amygdalina had an effect at 80µg/ml; all the extracts appeared to have more effects on the enzyme obtained from Aspergillus flavus than from the Aspergillus niger. The potential of exploring these plant extract as an anti-aging recipe was discussed.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the phytochemical constituents of two Nigerian grown kolanut and their antimicrobial properties. Extract of the seed of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata were used to determine the... more
The present study was undertaken to investigate the phytochemical constituents of two Nigerian grown kolanut and their antimicrobial properties. Extract of the seed of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata were used to determine the phytochemical constituent of aqueous and methanol nut extract and their solubility in the two solvents. Aqueous and methanol used reveals the solubility of these exrtacts in different solvent and the presence of secondary metabolites in the kola nut. Qualitative screening of the extracts of C. acuminata and C. nitida for phytochemicals revealed the presence of alkaloid, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, glycoside, steroid, saponins glycoside, cardiac glycoside and the absence of anthraquinones in all the extracts. Quantitative analysis shows that the methanolic extracts C. acuminata and C. nitida have the highest percentage of Saponins: (>10%) than the aqueous extract of the preparations. The disc method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of kolanut on the test microorganisms. Sensitivity patterns of zones of inhibition exhibited by the crude methanol and aqueous extract of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata shows that the nut possess relative degree of inhibitory effects against the test microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Esherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Lactobacillus respectively.. The zones of inhibition for K. pnemonia was the highest with 4mg/ml methanol extract of C. nitida and least for E.coli. As for C. acumunata, zones of inhibition for Lactobacillus was the highest with 4mg/ml methanol extract and least for P. aeruginosa. Highest zones of inhibition progressively increase from methanol to aqueous extract as their diameter of inhibition increases with increase in their concentration. The overall implication of the antimicrobial potentials of C.nitida and C. acuminata in the development of drugs against infectious diseases and subsequent health improvement was highlighted.
Spectroscopy plays a major role in phytochemical characterization of medicinal plants. In this research, we report the characterization of antidiabetic fractions of partially purified ethanolic leaf extract of
The inhibitory properties of Methanolic leaf extract of Hibiscus cannabinus (Malvaceae family) on glycosylation formation, was investigated in haemoglobin using Gallic acid as Standard. The periodic glycosylation of haemoglobin at varying... more
The inhibitory properties of Methanolic leaf extract of Hibiscus cannabinus (Malvaceae family) on glycosylation formation, was investigated in haemoglobin using Gallic acid as Standard. The periodic glycosylation of haemoglobin at varying concentration of glucose shows a decrease in haemoglobin concentration indicating the glycosylation of haemoglobin. While the subsequent administration of Hibiscus cannabinus Methanolic leaf extract inhibit haemoglobin glycosylation, where a concentration of 20 mg/ml of the extract gave a significant inhibition by yielding haemoglobin concentration of 1.877±0.40 µg/ml for test extract as against 0.032±0.013 µg/ml for the standard. This suggests that the plant extract inhibits the binding of glucose to hemoglobin, since at higher concentration of glucose the concentration was found to be high.
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Research Interests:
Plant and phytochemical products continue to play an important role in medicine. In this study, the toxicological potentials of the aqueous leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus G. Don 1838 in rabbits were determined. The rabbits were... more
Plant and phytochemical products continue to play an important role in medicine. In this study, the toxicological potentials of the aqueous leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus G. Don 1838 in rabbits were determined. The rabbits were placed in three groups with four rabbits in each group. The control group, a second group administered with 100mg/Kg and third group administer with 360mg/Kg body weight, were tag as Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Increased levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were found to follow the treatment of rabbits with ACR suggesting liver damage. This was confirmed by the histopathological studies that reveal centrieolobular hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver. Also, there was oxidative glomerulonephritis that set in. The effect of the extract in the activity of the hepatocellular enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) was found to be concentration dependent. This suggest that the infusion of the leaves could cause hepatocellular damage and kidney impairment.
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Biochemical Response Of Normal Albino Rats To The Addition Of Aqueous Leaves Extract Of Hibiscus Cannabinus And Murraya Koenigii In Rats Drinking Water ABSTRACT Experiments were conducted to determine the biochemical effect of Hibiscus... more
Biochemical Response Of Normal Albino Rats To The Addition Of Aqueous Leaves Extract Of Hibiscus Cannabinus And Murraya Koenigii In Rats Drinking Water ABSTRACT Experiments were conducted to determine the biochemical effect of Hibiscus cannabinus and Murraya koenigii extracts on normal albino rats using standard methods. Analyses carried out indicated that the aqueous leaf extract of H. cannabinus and M. koenigii exhibited significant hypolipideamic activity in normal rats. Results of phytochemical studies showed that flavonoids and glycosides are the major chemical constituent of the leaf extract. Overall results indicate a significant (P0.05) reduction of serum cholesterol, triglycerol at both concentration of 5 and 10 mg/Kg b.wt. No significant effect is seen in the hematological indices, serum glucose, Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanine transaminase (ALT). The significance of this study is thus discussed.
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Biochemical Response Of Normal Albino Rats To The Addition Of Aqueous Leaves Extract Of Hibiscus Cannabinus And Murraya Koenigii In Rats Drinking Water ABSTRACT Experiments were conducted to determine the biochemical effect of Hibiscus... more
Biochemical Response Of Normal Albino Rats To The Addition Of Aqueous Leaves Extract Of Hibiscus Cannabinus And Murraya Koenigii In Rats Drinking Water ABSTRACT Experiments were conducted to determine the biochemical effect of Hibiscus cannabinus and Murraya koenigii extracts on normal albino rats using standard methods. Analyses carried out indicated that the aqueous leaf extract of H. cannabinus and M. koenigii exhibited significant hypolipideamic activity in normal rats. Results of phytochemical studies showed that flavonoids and glycosides are the major chemical constituent of the leaf extract. Overall results indicate a significant (P0.05) reduction of serum cholesterol, triglycerol at both concentration of 5 and 10 mg/Kg b.wt. No significant effect is seen in the hematological indices, serum glucose, Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanine transaminase (ALT). The significance of this study is thus discussed.
The antioxidant properties of Methanolic leaf extract of Hibiscus cannabinus (Malvaceae family), was investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) assay method, reducing power and hydrogen peroxide scavenging effect assays. The... more
The antioxidant properties of Methanolic leaf extract of Hibiscus cannabinus (Malvaceae family), was investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) assay method, reducing power and hydrogen peroxide scavenging effect assays. The Methanolic leaf extract, exhibited significant scavenging effect on DPPH free radical and hydrogen peroxide production at a lower concentration of the extract when compared with ascorbic acids and α-tocopherol standard antioxidants. The highest free-radical scavenging and percentage scavenging effect of hydrogen peroxide by the Methanolic leaf extract was observed at concentrations 31.25 and 250μg/ml respectively; with 76.03% and 62.26% inhibition/scavenging effect respectively. However, reducing power showed low activity for the leaf extract.
The aim of the study was to investigate the phytochemical properties and the relative antimicrobial activity of aqueous, ethanol and methanol seed extracts of Cola nitida, Cola acuminata and Garcinia kola respectively. The phytochemicals... more
The aim of the study was to investigate the phytochemical properties and the relative antimicrobial activity of aqueous, ethanol and methanol seed extracts of Cola nitida, Cola acuminata and Garcinia kola respectively. The phytochemicals were screened by qualitative and quantitative methods. Three different solvents: aqueous, ethanol and methanol were used to extract the bioactive compounds from the three species of Kola Qualitatively analyzed phytochemical constituents in the seed extracts of the three Cola species included Alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. The microorganisms assayed for antimicrobial activity using the agar diffusion method were: the gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus spp, the gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. Studies on sensitivity patterns of zones of inhibition exhibited by the crude methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Garcinia kola, Cola nitida and Cola acuminata nuts showed relative degree of inhibitory effects against the test microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. The zones of inhibition for Escherichia coli was the highest with methanol extract of 36.0mm followed by Klebsiella pneumonia with 25.5mm followed by Staphylococcus aureus with 23.5mm, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 18.5mm and Lactobacillus with 17.5mm respectively. Highest zones of inhibition started from methanol, ethanol and aqueous, their diameter of inhibition increases with increase in their concentrations. The methanol preparation of Garcinia cola nut was found to exhibit more significant inhibitory action (p<0.05) against the test organisms than the ethanol and aqueous preparations of Garcinia kola and those of C. nitida and C. acuminata. Escherichia coli in both preparations gave widest zones of inhibition than other microorganisms. Cola spp extracts with methanol can be explored in the development of drugs against infectious diseases.
Research Interests:
The present study was undertaken to investigate the phytochemical constituents of two Nigerian grown kolanut and their antimicrobial properties. Extract of the seed of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata were used to determine the... more
The present study was undertaken to investigate the phytochemical constituents of two Nigerian grown kolanut and their antimicrobial properties. Extract of the seed of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata were used to determine the phytochemical constituent of aqueous and methanol nut extract and their solubility in the two solvents. Aqueous and methanol used reveals the solubility of these exrtacts in different solvent and the presence of secondary metabolites in the kola nut. Qualitative screening of the extracts of C. acuminata and C. nitida for phytochemicals revealed the presence of alkaloid, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, glycoside, steroid, saponins glycoside, cardiac glycoside and the absence of anthraquinones in all the extracts. Quantitative analysis shows that the methanolic extracts C. acuminata and C. nitida have the highest percentage of Saponins: (>10%) than the aqueous extract of the preparations. The disc method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of kolanut on the test microorganisms. Sensitivity patterns of zones of inhibition exhibited by the crude methanol and aqueous extract of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata shows that the nut possess relative degree of inhibitory effects against the test microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Esherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Lactobacillus respectively.. The zones of inhibition for K. pnemonia was the highest with 4mg/ml methanol extract of C. nitida and least for E.coli. As for C. acumunata, zones of inhibition for Lactobacillus was the highest with 4mg/ml methanol extract and least for P. aeruginosa. Highest zones of inhibition progressively increase from methanol to aqueous extract as their diameter of inhibition increases with increase in their concentration. The overall implication of the antimicrobial potentials of C.nitida and C. acuminata in the development of drugs against infectious diseases and subsequent health improvement was highlighted.
Research Interests:
The antidiabetic properties and phytochemical studies of fractions of ethanolic leaf extract (400mg/Kgb.w) of Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii) and Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis) was carried out on alloxan induced diabetic albino... more
The antidiabetic properties and phytochemical studies of fractions of ethanolic leaf extract (400mg/Kgb.w) of Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii) and Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis) was carried out on alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. Four and three fractions were obtained from M. koenigii and T. occidentalis extract respectively using column chromatography. Phytochemical screening of each fraction, indicate the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and cardiac glycosides. The alloxan induced diabetic rats were treated with fractions of the extract, and fraction 1 and 2 of M. koenigii and T. occidentalis respectively which decreased blood glucose level significantly (p<0.05) by 72% and 78% respectively when compared within the group and showed no significant different when compared to normal control group. All treated groups showed no significant changes (p<0.05) in their body weight with the exception of groups treated with 3 rd fractions of M. koenigii and T. occidentalis. Spectroscopic studies indicated the presence of biological active compound in the 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd fractions of M. koenigii that absorbed maximally at 200-350nm and the 4 th fraction showed absorption maximally at 270nm and 290nm; while the 1 st fraction of T. occidentalis absorbed maximally at 320nm, 2 nd fraction at 290nm and 340nm and 3 rd fraction at 320nm and 350nm. The 1 st fraction of M. koenigii and 2 nd fraction of T. occidentalis showed high antidiabetic properties at λ max 320nm and 340nm respectively. Our findings certainly suggest among others the use of plants as a source of potentially useful antidiabetic therapy for diabetics.
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Assessing the inhibitory activities of Telfairia occidentalis, Murraya koenigii, Hibiscus cannabinus and Vernonia amygdalina on α-amylase with the view of providing a sustainable remedies for the management of diabetes mellitus was... more
Assessing the inhibitory activities of Telfairia occidentalis, Murraya koenigii, Hibiscus cannabinus and Vernonia amygdalina on α-amylase with the view of providing a sustainable remedies for the management of diabetes mellitus was conducted. Findings from In vitro studies showed that the ethanolic extracts (at a concentration of 10 – 100 µg/ml) of Vernonia amygdalina, Telfairia Original Research Article