This study represents one of the earliest attempts at providing a complete scientometric mapping ... more This study represents one of the earliest attempts at providing a complete scientometric mapping and a systematic review of the nascent field of neurostrategy. Machine-based algorithms and text-mining have been used to-(a) clarify the dominant concepts at the junction of neuroscience and strategic management; (b) identify the ontological and epistemological foundations of neurostrategy; (c) explain how the scholarly discourse around neurostrategy has evolved; (d) reveal the trends that are gaining traction within neurostrategy research; and (e) develop propositions at the confluence of managerial capabilities, knowledge management, dynamic capabilities, and neurostrategy. The study unveils how neurostrategy represents a quintet of disciplines and lays bare the hypes and hopes surrounding neurostrategy. The study explains how the road that leads to competitive success passes through the development of neuronally intelligent strategies that not only resolve the battle between the organization and its people, but also the one within an organizational decision maker.
International Journal of Higher Education Management, 2023
Addressing the ongoing deficit in technical skills and talent necessitates an effective managemen... more Addressing the ongoing deficit in technical skills and talent necessitates an effective management approach that can harness the power of accelerating innovation. In response to the challenge, this paper presents a comprehensive learning model called Citizen Development Andragogy (CDA), specifically tailored for adult learners. CDA is an integrative learning framework, designed for an array of academic programs from micro-credentialing to four-year degrees, which combines leading-edge technology, such as low-code tools and platforms and generative AI, design thinking for creativity, and the institutionally oriented, knowledge-based dynamic capabilities (KBDC) model. Additionally, CDA is epistemologically rooted in the individually focused constructivist learning theory, providing a consistent structure that caters to the learning needs of working adults, enhancing their ability to conceive, design, build, and implement digital solutions. The andragogical learning theory is designed for adult learners and has important implications regarding teaching and program differences for reaching traditional aged college students, emerging learners, versus more seasoned individuals. Emerging strategic components conveyed in this paper-via a discursive style-represent some first steps towards considering and building a citizen development andragogy. An initial CDA framework conceptualization is detailed in this paper, which explores its theoretical constructs, practical considerations, current limitations, and it also shares insights from early implementation efforts, and presents a variety of potential future research avenues. Importantly, the paper emphasizes CDA's role as an accessible gateway for introducing citizen development into adult education and upskilling programs. In a broader societal context, citizen development, facilitated by CDA, can serve as a vital influencer for larger 'citizen' involvement movements like citizen scientists, human rights observers, and environmentalists. As such, an effective, scalable CDA prototype has the potential to yield meaningful benefits, empowering individuals, and organizations to achieve impact on an unprecedented scale, ultimately benefitting society at large.
The development of competitive advantage as a field of academic inquiry has come at the price of ... more The development of competitive advantage as a field of academic inquiry has come at the price of significant fragmentation of the overall scientific quest. The existing competitiveness studies are mainly characterized by mono-level research related to separate levels of analysis accompanied by the absence of a synthesis of various approaches. Thus, promising concepts of managerial attention, knowledge processes, and dynamic capabilities, emanating from varied strategic theories, have been integrated to develop a robust multilevel, meta-theoretical framework which explains: (a) how dynamic capabilities originate through the cognition of individual employees at the micro level, allowing managers and knowledge workers to systematically recognize the need for change in current routines and capabilities; (b) how individual-level abilities are amplified when they are harnessed to form knowledge capabilities, thereby orchestrating an idiosyncratic knowledge base at the meso level; and (c) how the multiple, firm-specific combinations of attention capabilities, knowledge capabilities, and higher-order dynamic capabilities together produce heterogeneous attention-based and knowledge-based dynamic capabilities that are capable of triggering instant yet systematic resource realignment to create the potential for sustainable competitive advantage at the macro level.
Purpose-Several manuscripts are adopting knowledge-based dynamic capabilities (KBDCs) as their ma... more Purpose-Several manuscripts are adopting knowledge-based dynamic capabilities (KBDCs) as their main theoretical lens. However, these manuscripts lack consistent conceptualization and systematization of the construct. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to advance the understanding of KBDCs by clarifying the dominant concepts at the junction of knowledge management and dynamic capabilities domains, identifying which emerging themes are gaining traction with KBDCs scholars, demonstrating how the central thesis around KBDCs has evolved and explaining how can KBDCs scholars move towards finding a mutually agreed conceptualization of the field to advance empirical assessment. Design/methodology/approach-The Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection database was used to extract 225 manuscripts that lie at the confluence of two promising management domains, namely, knowledge management and dynamic capabilities. A scientometric analysis including cocitation analysis, bibliographic coupling, keyword co-occurrence network analysis and text mining was conducted and integrated with a systematic review of results to facilitate an unstructured ontological discovery in the field of KBDCs. Findings-The co-citation analysis produced three clusters of research at the junction of knowledge management and dynamic capabilities, whereas the bibliographic coupling divulged five themes of research that are gaining traction with KBDCs scholars. The systematic literature review helped to clarify each clusters' content. While scientific mapping analysis explained how the central thesis around KBDCs has evolved, text mining and keyword analysis established how KBDCs emerge from the combination of knowledge management process capabilities and dynamic capabilities. Originality/value-Minimal attention has been paid to systematizing the literature on KBDCs. Accordingly, KBDCs view has been investigated through complementary scientometric methods involving machine-based algorithms to allow for a more robust, structured, comprehensive and unbiased mapping of this emerging field of research.
Critical Perspectives on International Business, 2022
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the canonical contribution of the c... more Purpose – The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the canonical contribution of the classical theories of multinational enterprises (MNE) and complement them with congruous multi-theoretical lenses to a propose a meta-theoretical view for competitive advantage. The proposed framework is applied to fundamental questions of MNE, and exploratory insights are revealed. Design/methodology/approach – This study sought to review the literature on various paradigms such as resource-based view, knowledge-based view, attention-based view, relational view, dynamic capability view and institution-based view to propose a meta-theoretical approach explicating the phenomenon of competitiveness. Findings – This study proffers that the key to global competitiveness lies in building micro-foundational, multidimensional and multilevel multinational orchestration capabilities. The requisite orchestration capabilities are capabilities par excellence that explain: how organizational capabilities originate through the cognition of individual employees at the micro level; how individual-level abilities are amplified when they are harnessed through relational capabilities to form knowledge capabilities at the meso-level; and how the confluence of knowledge capabilities and higher order dynamic capabilities gives rise to heterogeneous firmlevel knowledge-based dynamic capabilities that can be combined with institution capabilities to aggrandize the prediction of competitive advantage for MNEs. Originality/value – The successful development of MNE competitiveness as a field of academic inquiry, brought about by an increasing amount of theoretical specialization, has come at the price of significant fragmentation of the overall scientific quest. The abovementioned paradigms and their underlying constructs have primarily been conceptualized in silos. The classical theories of MNE have been used a starting point to which complementary multidisciplinary views have been scaffolded to gain a more nuanced understanding of global competitiveness
Tourism Management- Integrated Strategies for Marketing Tourism and Allied Services, 2015
Tourism industry being the backbone of Jammu and Kashmir economy not only provides lucrative busi... more Tourism industry being the backbone of Jammu and Kashmir economy not only provides lucrative business to hotels spread across the state but a bread and butter to the poor, directly or indirectly. The devastating flood that hit Jammu and Kashmir in September, 2014 has sent the Valley’s tourism sector into the worst kind of depression with arrivals coming down to the lowest ebb. The flood-induced tourism decline has deeply disrupted the social fabric of the area. The purpose of the paper is to recommend strategies for restoring tourism in J&K by undertaking a secondary impact study for the September 2014 floods. The study also aims to investigate various crisis management models that have been developed worldwide in order to provide a framework for disaster management that best accommodates the unique needs of tourism industry in J&K thereby ensuring a flourishing tourism sector in the state.
Sustainable Resource Management in North-West Himalayas: Socio-economic, cultural and political interfaces, 2015
India is showing a red carpet to the world by giving the slogan of Make in India with the aim of ... more India is showing a red carpet to the world by giving the slogan of Make in India with the aim of having a lion's share in world manufacturing. This paper aims to critically analyse the prospects and problems of India in becoming the manufacturing hub of the world. The study is based on secondary data analysis of major reports and data published by International and national organizations to analyze and compare the present scenario in India vis-a-vis other major manufacturing competitive countries. The factors highlighted in the study viz Inadequate physical infrastructure and logistics, lack of power supply, cumbersome taxation system, insufficient investments in R&D, lack of depth of technology, complex land and labor laws, and inadequate availability of skilled labor are posing as bottlenecks for India and highlight the need for First Developing India for getting Foreign Direct Investment. Only when the basic infrastructure and policies are in place along with a conducive business environment then the international players will find it feasible to invest in country and fulfil the vision of 'Make in India'.
Service Integration for Value-Generation in Tourism and Allied Services, 2016
The study aims to posit a Knowledge-Based View to the capabilities of an organization and the vie... more The study aims to posit a Knowledge-Based View to the capabilities of an organization and the view transcends the earlier Resource-Based/Dynamic Capabilities Views available in the literature. Since organizations have become knowledge oriented in the new economy and knowledge has become the key resource of an organization, the Knowledge-Based View suggests an edifice to the existing strategic management literature. The paper attempts to carry out an exhaustive review of existing literature on the subject and further attempts to build upon the existing literature by suggesting that organizations need to build both the base level and higher-order capabilities for achieving competitiveness. In the review of literature, it has been found that focus on knowledge processes in isolation is insufficient in creating a consistent flow of knowledge to and from the stocks of knowledge within a company, and in contrast, over-emphasis on dynamic capabilities alone can create problems in the absence of comprehension of detailed processes involved in managing knowledge effectively. Thus, there is a need to supplement the strategically oriented concept of dynamic capabilities with knowledge processes of a firm in order to achieve competitive advantage. Further, it can be assumed that the knowledge processes precede and therefore lead to the development of dynamic capabilities and as knowledge process capabilities significantly impact competitive advantage as well as the development of higher-order dynamic capabilities which in turn lead to strategic edge over competitors, thus intermediary role of higher-order dynamic capabilities can be assumed between knowledge processes and competitive advantage. The study has helped in bringing research in the field of competitive advantage one step ahead by integrating it with the knowledge processes and dynamic capabilities approach. The study also proposes a conceptual framework which can be put to test in future studies.
Purpose - The objective of the research paper is to explore the relationship between Knowledge Ma... more Purpose - The objective of the research paper is to explore the relationship between Knowledge Management Process Capabilities and Competitive Advantage by empirically analyzing processes and competiveness of IT companies operating in India. Methodology - An empirical examination of relationships was done with the help of correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings - Knowledge Management Process Capabilities are critical in gaining an edge over competitors in the present era of new economy. Out of the four knowledge competencies viz. Knowledge Acquisition, Conversion, Application and Protection; Knowledge Conversion and Knowledge Acquisition are the only significant contributors to organizational competitiveness. Research Implications - The paper lays a foundation for further inquiry into the firm’s knowledge processes, organizational capabilities and the sources of competitive advantage. Practical Implications - As knowledge has emerged to become the key resource promising enhanced competitiveness for a firm, it can become more useful to industry when its component parts and processes are thoroughly understood with the help of the present study and brought to practice. Originality/Value - The paper provides an in-depth understanding and analysis of various Knowledge Capabilities which can enable firms in a multinational setup to replenish knowledge base with the help of improved knowledge processes thereby directing activities of a firm towards attaining competitive advantage.
Contemporary Business and Economic Opportunities in North-Western Region, 2015
This paper builds on studies from the literature on market orientation and internationalization t... more This paper builds on studies from the literature on market orientation and internationalization to develop a model and a set of hypotheses regarding the relationships among Market Orientation, Export Orientation, and government policies. The model and its hypotheses are tested by means of an empirical study of a multi-industry sample of SMEs operating in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The study revealed a strong relationship between export orientation and market orientation and a weak relationship between orientation towards market and export. The paper also classifies SMEs of the region on the basis of stages of export involvement and highlights the gaps between local firms' assistance needs and government's provision of assistance.
Integrated Approach for Sustainable Tourism: Issues & Challenges, 2017
Tourism is becoming increasingly competitive throughout the world and in this scenario possessing... more Tourism is becoming increasingly competitive throughout the world and in this scenario possessing competitive advantage can be a key to create sustainable tourism destinations. The study aims to posit a Knowledge-Based View to the capabilities of a Destination Management Organization (DMO) and the view transcends the earlier Resource-Based and Dynamic Capabilities Views for achieving competitiveness. The paper attempts to carry out an exhaustive review of existing literature on the subject and further attempts to build upon the existing literature by suggesting that a destination management organization needs to build both the base level and higher-order capabilities in order to create sustainable competitive destinations. A DMO plays the role of a boundary spanner between the internal destination environment and the external environment. Outside the destination, it must gain knowledge about the competitive environment, opportunities and threats, and trends that will change the future competitive landscape. Within the destination it must use this knowledge to strategically assess the strengths and weaknesses of the destination, align resources, and formulate a strategy that is both competitive and sustainable. This highlights the importance of knowledge process capabilities for building competitive destinations. On the other hand, DMOs have been criticized for their inability to reinvent themselves in face of the radical changes occurring in their external environment which gives rise to the need for adopting a dynamic capabilities approach. Furthermore, in the review of literature it has been found that focus on knowledge processes in isolation is insufficient in creating a consistent flow of knowledge to and from the stocks of knowledge of an organization, and in contrast, over-emphasis on dynamic capabilities alone can create problems in the absence of comprehension of detailed processes involved in managing knowledge effectively. Therefore, there is a need to supplement the strategically oriented concept of dynamic capabilities with knowledge processes in order to create sustainable destinations. On the basis of literature reviewed, it can be assumed that the knowledge processes precede and therefore lead to the development of dynamic capabilities. Moreover, as knowledge process capabilities significantly impact competitive advantage as well as the development of higher-order dynamic capabilities which in turn lead to strategic edge over competitors, thus intermediary role of higher-order dynamic capabilities can be assumed between knowledge processes and competitive advantage. Based on the research conclusions, an integrated destination management capability model is presented which highlights the interplay between knowledge processes and dynamic capabilities in the pursuit of sustained competitive advantage. The study has helped in bringing research in the field of sustainable competitive advantage of destinations one step ahead by integrating it with the knowledge processes and dynamic capabilities approach.
The pandemonium caused by pandemic is neoteric to the corporate world, still and all, but the ing... more The pandemonium caused by pandemic is neoteric to the corporate world, still and all, but the ingredients for concocting an elixir for enterprises plagued by COVID-19 may already be in the land of the living. Leaders have often settled on frugality as a way of securing their businesses during times of uncertainty. Could frugality hold the potential to pivot organizations out of this particular state of virus-related snafu? The answer is affirmative and at the same time fragmentary. The credo of frugality is cardinal to this effervescent enigma and tapping into it can potentially give rise to springheads of supplements. In the words of Jeff Bezos, “Frugality drives innovation, just like other constraints do. One of the only ways to get out of a tight box is to invent your way out.” Thus, frugal mindset is essentially a substratum, however, innovations emanating from it – Frugal Innovations – can serve as gateways to success.
At the time of war like situation, businesses must take a leaf out of war work and accede to a re... more At the time of war like situation, businesses must take a leaf out of war work and accede to a reverberating war wisdom. For that reason, this tongue-twisting utterance can be twiddled to a T for inking a labyrinth map that is to the point, for taking point, in the war zone de nos jours. At this eon of quandary galore, organizations can strategically position themselves on war footing by going great guns through the propounded known-unknown quadrants.There are four types of uncertainties that businesses can be forced to contend with, starting from a known and identified territory to an unknown and unidentified risk milieu. Coronavirus outbreak indubitably qualifies for being in the orbit of apogee, nevertheless, paralysis can still not be an option. In fact, acting now, amid crisis, will prove to be momentous. The key to success lies in climbing up the ladder of hierarchy of organizational capabilities until the point of superlative Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities is reached, thereby equipping an organization with instantaneous responsiveness to maximal environmental dynamism.
Even though the predicaments of pandemic are all-pervasive, businesses are more likely to bear th... more Even though the predicaments of pandemic are all-pervasive, businesses are more likely to bear the maximal brunt. Corona’s concomitants have compounded convolutions of corporations - and dark clouds are now looming large on business organizations. In this milieu, the secret to untying the endlessly entwining gordian knot lies in developing transmuting corporate competencies called “Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities.” These superior competencies formed by underpinning Higher-Order Dynamic Capabilities with Knowledge Management Process Capabilities can aggrandize plausibility of organization success in the present epoch.
The chapter presents the theoretical standpoint for this book. The chapter reviews predominant th... more The chapter presents the theoretical standpoint for this book. The chapter reviews predominant theories for gaining Competitive Advantage and carries on with criticizing and synthesizing the current literature. Gaps in current knowledge are identified and a theoretical model is prepared after a thorough review of existing body of knowledge. In doing so, the chapter deeply delves into three parent disciplines: (1) Competitive Advantage which details the major schools of thoughts that explain the sources of Competitiveness; (2) Knowledge Management which covers a brief summary of the Knowledge Management Processes and Capabilities and the benefits of the same to organizations; (3) Dynamic Capabilities which covers the concept, nature and classification of such capabilities. The chapter continues with a discussion of Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities, the transcending intermediate paradigm as a cornerstone leading to the formulation of the research model and the associated hypotheses intended to achieve the research objectives.
The study aims to posit an edifice to the existing strategic management literature by proposing a... more The study aims to posit an edifice to the existing strategic management literature by proposing an alternate view of Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities. The inter-alia suggests that when Knowledge Process Capabilities are leveraged to generate Higher-order Dynamic Capabilities, the resultant Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities have a greater potential to generate competitive advantage for a firm in comparison to employing Knowledge Process Capabilities or Dynamic Capabilities in isolation. The paper makes an attempt to carry out an exhaustive review of literature and to further build upon the existing literature by empirically proving as well as suggesting that organizations need to build both the base level and higher-order capabilities in the pursuit of global competitiveness.
Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities: The Road Ahead in Gaining Organizational Competitiveness, 2019
This book provides a knowledge-based view to the dynamic capabilities in an organization. The aut... more This book provides a knowledge-based view to the dynamic capabilities in an organization. The author integrates two existing views on gaining competitive advantage:the Knowledge View which suggests that the capability of organizations to learn faster than competitors is the only source of competitiveness; and the Dynamic Capability View which speculates that a firm’s competitive advantage rests on dynamic capabilities which enable a firm to constantly renew the stock of ordinary organizational capabilities in accordance with the changes in the business environment. Using the IT sector in India as a case study, this book provides and tests a new framework--Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities—in the prediction of competitive advantage in organizations.
Fundamental classifications of knowledge may be measurable as factors of production and can revea... more Fundamental classifications of knowledge may be measurable as factors of production and can reveal evidence of specialization between adjacent stages of production even in the presence of shared substantive knowledge. In this research, divergences in relative reliance on the fundamentally different knowledge-based factors of production were found in the presence of jointly-held substantive knowledge, suggesting that fundamental classifications of knowledge are measurable and can provide evidence of specialization.
This study represents one of the earliest attempts at providing a complete scientometric mapping ... more This study represents one of the earliest attempts at providing a complete scientometric mapping and a systematic review of the nascent field of neurostrategy. Machine-based algorithms and text-mining have been used to-(a) clarify the dominant concepts at the junction of neuroscience and strategic management; (b) identify the ontological and epistemological foundations of neurostrategy; (c) explain how the scholarly discourse around neurostrategy has evolved; (d) reveal the trends that are gaining traction within neurostrategy research; and (e) develop propositions at the confluence of managerial capabilities, knowledge management, dynamic capabilities, and neurostrategy. The study unveils how neurostrategy represents a quintet of disciplines and lays bare the hypes and hopes surrounding neurostrategy. The study explains how the road that leads to competitive success passes through the development of neuronally intelligent strategies that not only resolve the battle between the organization and its people, but also the one within an organizational decision maker.
International Journal of Higher Education Management, 2023
Addressing the ongoing deficit in technical skills and talent necessitates an effective managemen... more Addressing the ongoing deficit in technical skills and talent necessitates an effective management approach that can harness the power of accelerating innovation. In response to the challenge, this paper presents a comprehensive learning model called Citizen Development Andragogy (CDA), specifically tailored for adult learners. CDA is an integrative learning framework, designed for an array of academic programs from micro-credentialing to four-year degrees, which combines leading-edge technology, such as low-code tools and platforms and generative AI, design thinking for creativity, and the institutionally oriented, knowledge-based dynamic capabilities (KBDC) model. Additionally, CDA is epistemologically rooted in the individually focused constructivist learning theory, providing a consistent structure that caters to the learning needs of working adults, enhancing their ability to conceive, design, build, and implement digital solutions. The andragogical learning theory is designed for adult learners and has important implications regarding teaching and program differences for reaching traditional aged college students, emerging learners, versus more seasoned individuals. Emerging strategic components conveyed in this paper-via a discursive style-represent some first steps towards considering and building a citizen development andragogy. An initial CDA framework conceptualization is detailed in this paper, which explores its theoretical constructs, practical considerations, current limitations, and it also shares insights from early implementation efforts, and presents a variety of potential future research avenues. Importantly, the paper emphasizes CDA's role as an accessible gateway for introducing citizen development into adult education and upskilling programs. In a broader societal context, citizen development, facilitated by CDA, can serve as a vital influencer for larger 'citizen' involvement movements like citizen scientists, human rights observers, and environmentalists. As such, an effective, scalable CDA prototype has the potential to yield meaningful benefits, empowering individuals, and organizations to achieve impact on an unprecedented scale, ultimately benefitting society at large.
The development of competitive advantage as a field of academic inquiry has come at the price of ... more The development of competitive advantage as a field of academic inquiry has come at the price of significant fragmentation of the overall scientific quest. The existing competitiveness studies are mainly characterized by mono-level research related to separate levels of analysis accompanied by the absence of a synthesis of various approaches. Thus, promising concepts of managerial attention, knowledge processes, and dynamic capabilities, emanating from varied strategic theories, have been integrated to develop a robust multilevel, meta-theoretical framework which explains: (a) how dynamic capabilities originate through the cognition of individual employees at the micro level, allowing managers and knowledge workers to systematically recognize the need for change in current routines and capabilities; (b) how individual-level abilities are amplified when they are harnessed to form knowledge capabilities, thereby orchestrating an idiosyncratic knowledge base at the meso level; and (c) how the multiple, firm-specific combinations of attention capabilities, knowledge capabilities, and higher-order dynamic capabilities together produce heterogeneous attention-based and knowledge-based dynamic capabilities that are capable of triggering instant yet systematic resource realignment to create the potential for sustainable competitive advantage at the macro level.
Purpose-Several manuscripts are adopting knowledge-based dynamic capabilities (KBDCs) as their ma... more Purpose-Several manuscripts are adopting knowledge-based dynamic capabilities (KBDCs) as their main theoretical lens. However, these manuscripts lack consistent conceptualization and systematization of the construct. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to advance the understanding of KBDCs by clarifying the dominant concepts at the junction of knowledge management and dynamic capabilities domains, identifying which emerging themes are gaining traction with KBDCs scholars, demonstrating how the central thesis around KBDCs has evolved and explaining how can KBDCs scholars move towards finding a mutually agreed conceptualization of the field to advance empirical assessment. Design/methodology/approach-The Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection database was used to extract 225 manuscripts that lie at the confluence of two promising management domains, namely, knowledge management and dynamic capabilities. A scientometric analysis including cocitation analysis, bibliographic coupling, keyword co-occurrence network analysis and text mining was conducted and integrated with a systematic review of results to facilitate an unstructured ontological discovery in the field of KBDCs. Findings-The co-citation analysis produced three clusters of research at the junction of knowledge management and dynamic capabilities, whereas the bibliographic coupling divulged five themes of research that are gaining traction with KBDCs scholars. The systematic literature review helped to clarify each clusters' content. While scientific mapping analysis explained how the central thesis around KBDCs has evolved, text mining and keyword analysis established how KBDCs emerge from the combination of knowledge management process capabilities and dynamic capabilities. Originality/value-Minimal attention has been paid to systematizing the literature on KBDCs. Accordingly, KBDCs view has been investigated through complementary scientometric methods involving machine-based algorithms to allow for a more robust, structured, comprehensive and unbiased mapping of this emerging field of research.
Critical Perspectives on International Business, 2022
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the canonical contribution of the c... more Purpose – The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the canonical contribution of the classical theories of multinational enterprises (MNE) and complement them with congruous multi-theoretical lenses to a propose a meta-theoretical view for competitive advantage. The proposed framework is applied to fundamental questions of MNE, and exploratory insights are revealed. Design/methodology/approach – This study sought to review the literature on various paradigms such as resource-based view, knowledge-based view, attention-based view, relational view, dynamic capability view and institution-based view to propose a meta-theoretical approach explicating the phenomenon of competitiveness. Findings – This study proffers that the key to global competitiveness lies in building micro-foundational, multidimensional and multilevel multinational orchestration capabilities. The requisite orchestration capabilities are capabilities par excellence that explain: how organizational capabilities originate through the cognition of individual employees at the micro level; how individual-level abilities are amplified when they are harnessed through relational capabilities to form knowledge capabilities at the meso-level; and how the confluence of knowledge capabilities and higher order dynamic capabilities gives rise to heterogeneous firmlevel knowledge-based dynamic capabilities that can be combined with institution capabilities to aggrandize the prediction of competitive advantage for MNEs. Originality/value – The successful development of MNE competitiveness as a field of academic inquiry, brought about by an increasing amount of theoretical specialization, has come at the price of significant fragmentation of the overall scientific quest. The abovementioned paradigms and their underlying constructs have primarily been conceptualized in silos. The classical theories of MNE have been used a starting point to which complementary multidisciplinary views have been scaffolded to gain a more nuanced understanding of global competitiveness
Tourism Management- Integrated Strategies for Marketing Tourism and Allied Services, 2015
Tourism industry being the backbone of Jammu and Kashmir economy not only provides lucrative busi... more Tourism industry being the backbone of Jammu and Kashmir economy not only provides lucrative business to hotels spread across the state but a bread and butter to the poor, directly or indirectly. The devastating flood that hit Jammu and Kashmir in September, 2014 has sent the Valley’s tourism sector into the worst kind of depression with arrivals coming down to the lowest ebb. The flood-induced tourism decline has deeply disrupted the social fabric of the area. The purpose of the paper is to recommend strategies for restoring tourism in J&K by undertaking a secondary impact study for the September 2014 floods. The study also aims to investigate various crisis management models that have been developed worldwide in order to provide a framework for disaster management that best accommodates the unique needs of tourism industry in J&K thereby ensuring a flourishing tourism sector in the state.
Sustainable Resource Management in North-West Himalayas: Socio-economic, cultural and political interfaces, 2015
India is showing a red carpet to the world by giving the slogan of Make in India with the aim of ... more India is showing a red carpet to the world by giving the slogan of Make in India with the aim of having a lion's share in world manufacturing. This paper aims to critically analyse the prospects and problems of India in becoming the manufacturing hub of the world. The study is based on secondary data analysis of major reports and data published by International and national organizations to analyze and compare the present scenario in India vis-a-vis other major manufacturing competitive countries. The factors highlighted in the study viz Inadequate physical infrastructure and logistics, lack of power supply, cumbersome taxation system, insufficient investments in R&D, lack of depth of technology, complex land and labor laws, and inadequate availability of skilled labor are posing as bottlenecks for India and highlight the need for First Developing India for getting Foreign Direct Investment. Only when the basic infrastructure and policies are in place along with a conducive business environment then the international players will find it feasible to invest in country and fulfil the vision of 'Make in India'.
Service Integration for Value-Generation in Tourism and Allied Services, 2016
The study aims to posit a Knowledge-Based View to the capabilities of an organization and the vie... more The study aims to posit a Knowledge-Based View to the capabilities of an organization and the view transcends the earlier Resource-Based/Dynamic Capabilities Views available in the literature. Since organizations have become knowledge oriented in the new economy and knowledge has become the key resource of an organization, the Knowledge-Based View suggests an edifice to the existing strategic management literature. The paper attempts to carry out an exhaustive review of existing literature on the subject and further attempts to build upon the existing literature by suggesting that organizations need to build both the base level and higher-order capabilities for achieving competitiveness. In the review of literature, it has been found that focus on knowledge processes in isolation is insufficient in creating a consistent flow of knowledge to and from the stocks of knowledge within a company, and in contrast, over-emphasis on dynamic capabilities alone can create problems in the absence of comprehension of detailed processes involved in managing knowledge effectively. Thus, there is a need to supplement the strategically oriented concept of dynamic capabilities with knowledge processes of a firm in order to achieve competitive advantage. Further, it can be assumed that the knowledge processes precede and therefore lead to the development of dynamic capabilities and as knowledge process capabilities significantly impact competitive advantage as well as the development of higher-order dynamic capabilities which in turn lead to strategic edge over competitors, thus intermediary role of higher-order dynamic capabilities can be assumed between knowledge processes and competitive advantage. The study has helped in bringing research in the field of competitive advantage one step ahead by integrating it with the knowledge processes and dynamic capabilities approach. The study also proposes a conceptual framework which can be put to test in future studies.
Purpose - The objective of the research paper is to explore the relationship between Knowledge Ma... more Purpose - The objective of the research paper is to explore the relationship between Knowledge Management Process Capabilities and Competitive Advantage by empirically analyzing processes and competiveness of IT companies operating in India. Methodology - An empirical examination of relationships was done with the help of correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings - Knowledge Management Process Capabilities are critical in gaining an edge over competitors in the present era of new economy. Out of the four knowledge competencies viz. Knowledge Acquisition, Conversion, Application and Protection; Knowledge Conversion and Knowledge Acquisition are the only significant contributors to organizational competitiveness. Research Implications - The paper lays a foundation for further inquiry into the firm’s knowledge processes, organizational capabilities and the sources of competitive advantage. Practical Implications - As knowledge has emerged to become the key resource promising enhanced competitiveness for a firm, it can become more useful to industry when its component parts and processes are thoroughly understood with the help of the present study and brought to practice. Originality/Value - The paper provides an in-depth understanding and analysis of various Knowledge Capabilities which can enable firms in a multinational setup to replenish knowledge base with the help of improved knowledge processes thereby directing activities of a firm towards attaining competitive advantage.
Contemporary Business and Economic Opportunities in North-Western Region, 2015
This paper builds on studies from the literature on market orientation and internationalization t... more This paper builds on studies from the literature on market orientation and internationalization to develop a model and a set of hypotheses regarding the relationships among Market Orientation, Export Orientation, and government policies. The model and its hypotheses are tested by means of an empirical study of a multi-industry sample of SMEs operating in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The study revealed a strong relationship between export orientation and market orientation and a weak relationship between orientation towards market and export. The paper also classifies SMEs of the region on the basis of stages of export involvement and highlights the gaps between local firms' assistance needs and government's provision of assistance.
Integrated Approach for Sustainable Tourism: Issues & Challenges, 2017
Tourism is becoming increasingly competitive throughout the world and in this scenario possessing... more Tourism is becoming increasingly competitive throughout the world and in this scenario possessing competitive advantage can be a key to create sustainable tourism destinations. The study aims to posit a Knowledge-Based View to the capabilities of a Destination Management Organization (DMO) and the view transcends the earlier Resource-Based and Dynamic Capabilities Views for achieving competitiveness. The paper attempts to carry out an exhaustive review of existing literature on the subject and further attempts to build upon the existing literature by suggesting that a destination management organization needs to build both the base level and higher-order capabilities in order to create sustainable competitive destinations. A DMO plays the role of a boundary spanner between the internal destination environment and the external environment. Outside the destination, it must gain knowledge about the competitive environment, opportunities and threats, and trends that will change the future competitive landscape. Within the destination it must use this knowledge to strategically assess the strengths and weaknesses of the destination, align resources, and formulate a strategy that is both competitive and sustainable. This highlights the importance of knowledge process capabilities for building competitive destinations. On the other hand, DMOs have been criticized for their inability to reinvent themselves in face of the radical changes occurring in their external environment which gives rise to the need for adopting a dynamic capabilities approach. Furthermore, in the review of literature it has been found that focus on knowledge processes in isolation is insufficient in creating a consistent flow of knowledge to and from the stocks of knowledge of an organization, and in contrast, over-emphasis on dynamic capabilities alone can create problems in the absence of comprehension of detailed processes involved in managing knowledge effectively. Therefore, there is a need to supplement the strategically oriented concept of dynamic capabilities with knowledge processes in order to create sustainable destinations. On the basis of literature reviewed, it can be assumed that the knowledge processes precede and therefore lead to the development of dynamic capabilities. Moreover, as knowledge process capabilities significantly impact competitive advantage as well as the development of higher-order dynamic capabilities which in turn lead to strategic edge over competitors, thus intermediary role of higher-order dynamic capabilities can be assumed between knowledge processes and competitive advantage. Based on the research conclusions, an integrated destination management capability model is presented which highlights the interplay between knowledge processes and dynamic capabilities in the pursuit of sustained competitive advantage. The study has helped in bringing research in the field of sustainable competitive advantage of destinations one step ahead by integrating it with the knowledge processes and dynamic capabilities approach.
The pandemonium caused by pandemic is neoteric to the corporate world, still and all, but the ing... more The pandemonium caused by pandemic is neoteric to the corporate world, still and all, but the ingredients for concocting an elixir for enterprises plagued by COVID-19 may already be in the land of the living. Leaders have often settled on frugality as a way of securing their businesses during times of uncertainty. Could frugality hold the potential to pivot organizations out of this particular state of virus-related snafu? The answer is affirmative and at the same time fragmentary. The credo of frugality is cardinal to this effervescent enigma and tapping into it can potentially give rise to springheads of supplements. In the words of Jeff Bezos, “Frugality drives innovation, just like other constraints do. One of the only ways to get out of a tight box is to invent your way out.” Thus, frugal mindset is essentially a substratum, however, innovations emanating from it – Frugal Innovations – can serve as gateways to success.
At the time of war like situation, businesses must take a leaf out of war work and accede to a re... more At the time of war like situation, businesses must take a leaf out of war work and accede to a reverberating war wisdom. For that reason, this tongue-twisting utterance can be twiddled to a T for inking a labyrinth map that is to the point, for taking point, in the war zone de nos jours. At this eon of quandary galore, organizations can strategically position themselves on war footing by going great guns through the propounded known-unknown quadrants.There are four types of uncertainties that businesses can be forced to contend with, starting from a known and identified territory to an unknown and unidentified risk milieu. Coronavirus outbreak indubitably qualifies for being in the orbit of apogee, nevertheless, paralysis can still not be an option. In fact, acting now, amid crisis, will prove to be momentous. The key to success lies in climbing up the ladder of hierarchy of organizational capabilities until the point of superlative Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities is reached, thereby equipping an organization with instantaneous responsiveness to maximal environmental dynamism.
Even though the predicaments of pandemic are all-pervasive, businesses are more likely to bear th... more Even though the predicaments of pandemic are all-pervasive, businesses are more likely to bear the maximal brunt. Corona’s concomitants have compounded convolutions of corporations - and dark clouds are now looming large on business organizations. In this milieu, the secret to untying the endlessly entwining gordian knot lies in developing transmuting corporate competencies called “Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities.” These superior competencies formed by underpinning Higher-Order Dynamic Capabilities with Knowledge Management Process Capabilities can aggrandize plausibility of organization success in the present epoch.
The chapter presents the theoretical standpoint for this book. The chapter reviews predominant th... more The chapter presents the theoretical standpoint for this book. The chapter reviews predominant theories for gaining Competitive Advantage and carries on with criticizing and synthesizing the current literature. Gaps in current knowledge are identified and a theoretical model is prepared after a thorough review of existing body of knowledge. In doing so, the chapter deeply delves into three parent disciplines: (1) Competitive Advantage which details the major schools of thoughts that explain the sources of Competitiveness; (2) Knowledge Management which covers a brief summary of the Knowledge Management Processes and Capabilities and the benefits of the same to organizations; (3) Dynamic Capabilities which covers the concept, nature and classification of such capabilities. The chapter continues with a discussion of Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities, the transcending intermediate paradigm as a cornerstone leading to the formulation of the research model and the associated hypotheses intended to achieve the research objectives.
The study aims to posit an edifice to the existing strategic management literature by proposing a... more The study aims to posit an edifice to the existing strategic management literature by proposing an alternate view of Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities. The inter-alia suggests that when Knowledge Process Capabilities are leveraged to generate Higher-order Dynamic Capabilities, the resultant Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities have a greater potential to generate competitive advantage for a firm in comparison to employing Knowledge Process Capabilities or Dynamic Capabilities in isolation. The paper makes an attempt to carry out an exhaustive review of literature and to further build upon the existing literature by empirically proving as well as suggesting that organizations need to build both the base level and higher-order capabilities in the pursuit of global competitiveness.
Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities: The Road Ahead in Gaining Organizational Competitiveness, 2019
This book provides a knowledge-based view to the dynamic capabilities in an organization. The aut... more This book provides a knowledge-based view to the dynamic capabilities in an organization. The author integrates two existing views on gaining competitive advantage:the Knowledge View which suggests that the capability of organizations to learn faster than competitors is the only source of competitiveness; and the Dynamic Capability View which speculates that a firm’s competitive advantage rests on dynamic capabilities which enable a firm to constantly renew the stock of ordinary organizational capabilities in accordance with the changes in the business environment. Using the IT sector in India as a case study, this book provides and tests a new framework--Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities—in the prediction of competitive advantage in organizations.
Fundamental classifications of knowledge may be measurable as factors of production and can revea... more Fundamental classifications of knowledge may be measurable as factors of production and can reveal evidence of specialization between adjacent stages of production even in the presence of shared substantive knowledge. In this research, divergences in relative reliance on the fundamentally different knowledge-based factors of production were found in the presence of jointly-held substantive knowledge, suggesting that fundamental classifications of knowledge are measurable and can provide evidence of specialization.
The present era of new economy has overturned the existing explanations
for gaining an edge in in... more The present era of new economy has overturned the existing explanations for gaining an edge in industry and has ushered in novel means for attaining organizational advantage. At the time of the current revamp, competitive advantage lies not merely in the possession of superior knowledge but in harnessing it to build superior knowledge-based competencies. The paper attempts to carry out an exhaustive review of existing literature on the subject and further attempts to build upon the existing literature by suggesting that a Destination Management Organization needs to build three specific meta-level Knowledge Management Process Capabilities in order to create sustainable competitive destinations. These capabilities are Knowledge Acquisition Capabilities, Knowledge Combination Capabilities and Knowledge Protection Capabilities. A Destination Management Organization (DMO) plays the role of a boundary spanner between the internal environment of the destination and the external environment faced by it. Outside the destination, DMO must gain knowledge about the competitive environment, opportunities and threats, and trends that have the potential to change the future competitive landscape. Within the destination, DMO must use this knowledge to strategically assess the strengths and weaknesses of the destination, align resources and formulate a competitive strategy. This highlights the increased importance of Knowledge-Management Process Capabilities for building sustainably competitive destinations. Thus, in the current era of cut-throat competition and environmental dynamism, the paper can help practitioners in formulating appropriate strategies for achieving transcendence over other tourist destinations.
Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities and Competitive Advantage – Data Analysis and Interpretations, 2019
The chapter discusses the results of pre-testing as well as presents the descriptive and inferent... more The chapter discusses the results of pre-testing as well as presents the descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis of the present study. The chapter ensures the adequacy of survey response and gives the background of the respondents by analyzing the demographic profiles. This is followed by data purification and analysis by using descriptive statistics. For the purpose of ensuring the application of multivariate techniques for analyzing data, the survey responses have been screened to ensure normality, linearity, homoscedasticity and multicollinearity. A panoply of research techniques like correlation, regression, analysis of variance, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modelling have been used to analyze the data. Thereafter, the results of these techniques are presented in a meaningful manner to arrive at relevant conclusions. Interpretations have been done under three broad themes namely Knowledge-Management Process Capabilities, Higher-Order Dynamic Capabilities and Competitive Advantage.
Organizational Profile In Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities: The Road Ahead in Gaining Organizational Competitiveness, 2019
The chapter presents profiles of the organizations that have been selected as units of analysis f... more The chapter presents profiles of the organizations that have been selected as units of analysis for the present study. The selection of the organizations is based on five indicators viz. (i) the organization must belong to the Information Technology sector (ii) the organization must be a multinational corporation (iii) the organization must be a recognized player in the sector (iv) business orientation as well as the products and services of the chosen organizations must be comparable (v) the organization must be willing to participate in the study. Accordingly, a group of four information technology multinational companies operating in India have been included in the scope of the present study, as these organizations have a significant standing in the market and are therefore suitable for being representative samples for study in the field of Dynamic Capabilities and Competitiveness (Breznik and Lahovnik 2014). For the purpose of including diverse sample, two companies chosen are Indian multinationals whereas, the other two are foreign multinational companies operating in India. The Indian-origin companies that have been selected for the present study include Infosys Limited and Wipro Limited, whereas, the foreign-based companies that have been taken up for analysis are Accenture PLC and Cognizant Technology Solutions. The following sections provide a detailed profile of these organizations from the point of view of their evolution, products and services offered, major business segments catered, business operations, global clientele, employee statistics, organizational performance, capability development and deployment, etc.
Research Methodology in Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities: The Road Ahead in gaining Organizational Competitiveness, 2019
The chapter presents methodology employed for examining framework developed, during the literatur... more The chapter presents methodology employed for examining framework developed, during the literature review, for the purpose of present study. In light of the research objectives, the chapter works upon the ontology, epistemology as well as the methodology adopted for the present study. The research is based on positivist philosophy which postulates that phenomena of interest in the social world, can be studied as concrete cause and effect relationships, following a quantitative research design and a deductive approach. Consequently, the present study has used the existing body of literature to deduce relationships between constructs and has developed a strategy to test the proposed theory with the ultimate objective of confirming and building upon the existing knowledge in the field. Further, the chapter presents a roadmap for the study which showcases the journey towards achieving research objectives in a series of well-defined logical steps. The process followed for building survey instrument as well as sampling design has been laid down in a similar manner. While the survey design enumerates various methods adopted along with justifications, the sampling design sets forth target population, sampling frame, sampling units, sampling method and suitable sample size for the study. The chapter also spells out the operational definitions of the key variables before exhibiting the three-stage research process followed in the present study. In the first stage, questionnaire has been developed based upon key constructs from various theories/researchers in the field. Thereafter, the draft questionnaire has been refined with the help of a pilot study and its reliability and validity has been tested. Finally, in light of the results of the pilot study, the questionnaire has been finalized and final data has been collected. In doing so, the step-by-step process of gathering data from various sources has been presented. Towards end, the chapter throws spotlight on various statistical methods employed for the analysis of data, along with the presentation of rationale for the selection of specific techniques used for the purpose of presentation of the outcomes of the present research.
Review of Literature In Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities: The Road Ahead in Gaining Organizational Competitiveness, 2019
The chapter focuses on review of literature and presents a theoretical basis for an informed disc... more The chapter focuses on review of literature and presents a theoretical basis for an informed discussion on the subject. Various theories to study Competitive Advantage and its relationship with Knowledge and Dynamic Capabilities form the basis of the exercise. To elaborate further, literature on Competitive Advantage is followed by a discussion on two main schools of thoughts on achieving Organizational Competitiveness viz. the Classical school of thought and and the Contemporarary school of thought. The Classical school of thought has three categories i.e. (i) The Design school (ii) The Positioning School and (iii) The Resource-Based View whereas the Contemporarary school of thought has different studies done under two streams i.e. (i) Dynamic Capability View and (ii) Knowledge-Based View. The focus of present research is to explore the realm of Contemporarary school and delve deeper into the disciplines of Knowledge Mangement Process Capabilities as well as Dynamic Capabilities. Organizations in the contemporary context are in a transformative state where there exists a gap in understanding the potential of knowledge to leverage the capabilities of an organization. Additionally, not much literature has been found on the subject in the Indian context and thus it needs to be studied and underpinned for greater relevance of the knowledge economy.
Introduction In Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities: The Road Ahead in Gaining Organizational Competitiveness, 2019
The present era of new economy has overturned the existing explanations for gaining an edge in in... more The present era of new economy has overturned the existing explanations for gaining an edge in industry and has ushered in novel means for attaining Organizational Advantage. The pivotal role of concepts like economies of scale and economies of scope in organizational transcendence are now the things of the past. Similarly, the traditional factors of production namely land, labour and capital have lost their role as the prime ratiocinates for triumph in the latter-day business environment characterized by rapid market shifts, proliferation of technologies, cut-throat competition and obsolescence of products overnight. The ingredients for organizational success in such a dynamic milieu lie in advanced notion of economies of knowing which aggrandizes the importance of knowledge as the decisive business factor in the competitive battle among corporations. Besides, even this battle between industry players has ceased to remain categorical with the dawn of the new economy. The competitive landscape has undergone a transfiguration to become knowledge-based competition and at the time of the current revamp, organizational precedence lies not merely in the possession of superior knowledge but in harnessing it to build superior knowledge-based competencies, which in turn are the hallmark of the knowledge economy.
This book provides a knowledge-based view to the dynamic capabilities in an organization. The aut... more This book provides a knowledge-based view to the dynamic capabilities in an organization. The author integrates two existing views on gaining competitive advantage: the Knowledge View which suggests that the capability of organizations to learn faster than competitors is the only source of competitiveness; and the Dynamic Capability View which speculates that a firm’s competitive advantage rests on dynamic capabilities which enable a firm to constantly renew the stock of ordinary organizational capabilities in accordance with the changes in the business environment. Using the IT sector in India as a case study, this book provides and tests a new framework--Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities—in the prediction of competitive advantage in organizations.
Generation Z students have begun their college experiences in earnest. They are confident in thei... more Generation Z students have begun their college experiences in earnest. They are confident in their perceived ability to command technology and are often heralded as Digital Natives, emphasizing they came of age with computerization and ubiquitous personal devices during the internet era. However, the digital native narrative belies a narrow definition of technology that may not align with practical demands. A concern exists that those who are simply users of technology are at risk unless they can develop technological solutions themselves. This project attempts to understand the technological self-conception of business students with regards to being a technological developer versus simply being a technology user in preparation for incorporating low-code/no-code tools and workflow automation activities into the curriculum. These tools make incorporating developer activities into non-technical courses and programs feasible in a way that was not possible before, encouraging what is sometimes called "citizen developers." A survey, designed with consideration of the Theory of Planned Behavior, is used to understand student predisposition and self-conception. In the survey responses, students expressed confidence in their technological abilities, but few had even heard of workflow automation or low-code/no-code tools. Students initially indicated tepid interest, if not a disinterest, in development activities generally. By the survey's end, though, students reported that these tools and approaches could be valuable and that they were interested in learning more on how to use them, indicating an openness to becoming involved in development activities and beginning the journey of moving beyond just using technology towards becoming citizen developers.
Uploads
Papers by Vaneet Kaur
theories of multinational enterprises (MNE) and complement them with congruous multi-theoretical lenses to
a propose a meta-theoretical view for competitive advantage. The proposed framework is applied to
fundamental questions of MNE, and exploratory insights are revealed.
Design/methodology/approach – This study sought to review the literature on various paradigms
such as resource-based view, knowledge-based view, attention-based view, relational view, dynamic
capability view and institution-based view to propose a meta-theoretical approach explicating the
phenomenon of competitiveness.
Findings – This study proffers that the key to global competitiveness lies in building micro-foundational,
multidimensional and multilevel multinational orchestration capabilities. The requisite orchestration
capabilities are capabilities par excellence that explain: how organizational capabilities originate through the
cognition of individual employees at the micro level; how individual-level abilities are amplified when they are
harnessed through relational capabilities to form knowledge capabilities at the meso-level; and how the
confluence of knowledge capabilities and higher order dynamic capabilities gives rise to heterogeneous firmlevel knowledge-based dynamic capabilities that can be combined with institution capabilities to aggrandize
the prediction of competitive advantage for MNEs.
Originality/value – The successful development of MNE competitiveness as a field of academic inquiry,
brought about by an increasing amount of theoretical specialization, has come at the price of significant
fragmentation of the overall scientific quest. The abovementioned paradigms and their underlying constructs
have primarily been conceptualized in silos. The classical theories of MNE have been used a starting point to
which complementary multidisciplinary views have been scaffolded to gain a more nuanced understanding of
global competitiveness
Methodology - An empirical examination of relationships was done with the help of correlation and multiple regression analysis.
Findings - Knowledge Management Process Capabilities are critical in gaining an edge over competitors in the present era of new economy. Out of the four knowledge competencies viz. Knowledge Acquisition, Conversion, Application and Protection; Knowledge Conversion and Knowledge Acquisition are the only significant contributors to organizational competitiveness.
Research Implications - The paper lays a foundation for further inquiry into the firm’s knowledge processes, organizational capabilities and the sources of competitive advantage.
Practical Implications - As knowledge has emerged to become the key resource promising enhanced competitiveness for a firm, it can become more useful to industry when its component parts and processes are thoroughly understood with the help of the present study and brought to practice.
Originality/Value - The paper provides an in-depth understanding and analysis of various Knowledge Capabilities which can enable firms in a multinational setup to replenish knowledge base with the help of improved knowledge processes thereby directing activities of a firm towards attaining competitive advantage.
theories of multinational enterprises (MNE) and complement them with congruous multi-theoretical lenses to
a propose a meta-theoretical view for competitive advantage. The proposed framework is applied to
fundamental questions of MNE, and exploratory insights are revealed.
Design/methodology/approach – This study sought to review the literature on various paradigms
such as resource-based view, knowledge-based view, attention-based view, relational view, dynamic
capability view and institution-based view to propose a meta-theoretical approach explicating the
phenomenon of competitiveness.
Findings – This study proffers that the key to global competitiveness lies in building micro-foundational,
multidimensional and multilevel multinational orchestration capabilities. The requisite orchestration
capabilities are capabilities par excellence that explain: how organizational capabilities originate through the
cognition of individual employees at the micro level; how individual-level abilities are amplified when they are
harnessed through relational capabilities to form knowledge capabilities at the meso-level; and how the
confluence of knowledge capabilities and higher order dynamic capabilities gives rise to heterogeneous firmlevel knowledge-based dynamic capabilities that can be combined with institution capabilities to aggrandize
the prediction of competitive advantage for MNEs.
Originality/value – The successful development of MNE competitiveness as a field of academic inquiry,
brought about by an increasing amount of theoretical specialization, has come at the price of significant
fragmentation of the overall scientific quest. The abovementioned paradigms and their underlying constructs
have primarily been conceptualized in silos. The classical theories of MNE have been used a starting point to
which complementary multidisciplinary views have been scaffolded to gain a more nuanced understanding of
global competitiveness
Methodology - An empirical examination of relationships was done with the help of correlation and multiple regression analysis.
Findings - Knowledge Management Process Capabilities are critical in gaining an edge over competitors in the present era of new economy. Out of the four knowledge competencies viz. Knowledge Acquisition, Conversion, Application and Protection; Knowledge Conversion and Knowledge Acquisition are the only significant contributors to organizational competitiveness.
Research Implications - The paper lays a foundation for further inquiry into the firm’s knowledge processes, organizational capabilities and the sources of competitive advantage.
Practical Implications - As knowledge has emerged to become the key resource promising enhanced competitiveness for a firm, it can become more useful to industry when its component parts and processes are thoroughly understood with the help of the present study and brought to practice.
Originality/Value - The paper provides an in-depth understanding and analysis of various Knowledge Capabilities which can enable firms in a multinational setup to replenish knowledge base with the help of improved knowledge processes thereby directing activities of a firm towards attaining competitive advantage.
for gaining an edge in industry and has ushered in novel means for attaining organizational advantage. At the time of the current revamp, competitive advantage lies not merely in the possession of superior knowledge but in harnessing it to build superior knowledge-based competencies. The paper attempts to carry out an exhaustive review of existing literature on the subject and further attempts to build upon the existing literature by suggesting that a Destination Management Organization needs to build three specific meta-level Knowledge Management Process Capabilities in order to create sustainable competitive destinations. These capabilities are Knowledge Acquisition Capabilities, Knowledge Combination Capabilities and Knowledge Protection Capabilities. A Destination Management Organization (DMO) plays the role of a boundary spanner between the internal environment of the destination and the external environment faced by it. Outside the destination, DMO must gain knowledge about the competitive environment, opportunities and threats, and trends that have the potential to change the future competitive landscape. Within the destination, DMO must use this knowledge to strategically assess the strengths
and weaknesses of the destination, align resources and formulate a competitive strategy. This highlights the increased importance of Knowledge-Management Process Capabilities for building sustainably competitive destinations. Thus, in the current era of cut-throat competition and environmental dynamism, the paper can help practitioners in formulating appropriate strategies for achieving transcendence over other tourist destinations.