Background: Bacteremia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. ... more Background: Bacteremia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. There is limited epidemiologic data on bacteremias in sub-Saharan African countries with low HIV seroprevalence (2% in the general Gambian population in 2001). There is less data on the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of blood stream isolates in this region. Given limited resources and relatively few antibiotic choices, this data is needed to guide standard empiric antimicrobial treatment regimens and to plan focused preventive interventions. Methods: All hospitalized community-acquired bacteremias from June 1997 to June 2000 at the MRC Laboratories Fajara in the Gambia were identified from microbiology lab records. Demographic and clinical information was abstracted from clinic charts. Blood was cultured with the BACTEC system (Becton Dickinson) and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method (NCCLS standards). Results: 494 episodes of bacter...
Migrants have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 and emerging evidence suggests they ma... more Migrants have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 and emerging evidence suggests they may face barriers to COVID-19 vaccination. Participatory approaches and engagement strategies are urgently needed to strengthen uptake, alongside innovative delivery mechanisms and sharing of best practice, to ensure migrants are better consider within countries’ existing vaccine priority structures.
BackgroundMigrants, including refugees, asylum seekers, labour migrants, and undocumented migrant... more BackgroundMigrants, including refugees, asylum seekers, labour migrants, and undocumented migrants, now constitute a considerable proportion of most high-income countries’ populations, including their skilled and unskilled workforces. Migrants may be at increased risk of COVID-19 due to their health and social circumstances, yet the extent to which they are being affected and their predisposing risk factors are not clearly understood. We did a systematic review to assess clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in migrant populations (cases, hospitalisations, deaths), indirect health and social impacts, and to determine key risk factors.MethodsWe did a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020222135). We searched databases including PubMed, Global Health, Scopus, CINAHL, and pre-print databases (medRxiv) via the WHO Global Research on COVID-19 database to Nov 18, 2020 for peer-reviewed and grey literature pertaining to migrants (defined as foreign born) ...
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, Jan 17, 2004
Dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease) is a parasitic disease that is limited to remote, rural vill... more Dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease) is a parasitic disease that is limited to remote, rural villages in 13 sub-Saharan African countries that do not have access to safe drinking water. It is one the next diseases targeted for eradication by the World Health Organization. Guinea worm disease is transmitted by drinking water containing copepods (water fleas) that are infected with Dracunculiasis medinensis larvae. One year after human ingestion of infected water a female adult worm emerges, typically from a lower extremity, producing painful ulcers that can impair mobility for up to several weeks. This disease occurs annually when agricultural activities are at their peak. Large proportions of economically productive individuals of a village are usually affected simultaneously, resulting in decreased agricultural productivity and economic hardship. Eradication of guinea worm disease depends on prevention, as there is no effective treatment or vaccine. Since 1986, there has been a 98%...
We describe a case of papulonecrotic tuberculid, a rare form of cutaneous tuberculosis, in a 25-y... more We describe a case of papulonecrotic tuberculid, a rare form of cutaneous tuberculosis, in a 25-year-old Philippino woman who had immigrated to Canada 8 years previously. The patient presented with a 3-week history of tender left cervical adenopathy; 1 week later, she developed multiple ulcerated erythematous nodules and emboluslike lesions scattered over her fingers. Results of a biopsy performed on the lymph node revealed granulomatous lymphadenitis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis grew from the lymph node. Histopathologic analysis of an ulcerative finger lesion demonstrated nonnecrotizing granulomas with dense lymphocytic inflammation of the superficial dermis; however, results of acid-fast staining, mycobacterial culture, and polymerase chain reaction for M tuberculosis complex were all negative. Different conditions can mimic papulonecrotic tuberculid. Therefore, the diagnosis can be difficult unless M tuberculosis is isolated from a site other than the skin, because stain and c...
Background: Bacteremia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. ... more Background: Bacteremia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. There is limited epidemiologic data on bacteremias in sub-Saharan African countries with low HIV seroprevalence (2% in the general Gambian population in 2001). There is less data on the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of blood stream isolates in this region. Given limited resources and relatively few antibiotic choices, this data is needed to guide standard empiric antimicrobial treatment regimens and to plan focused preventive interventions. Methods: All hospitalized community-acquired bacteremias from June 1997 to June 2000 at the MRC Laboratories Fajara in the Gambia were identified from microbiology lab records. Demographic and clinical information was abstracted from clinic charts. Blood was cultured with the BACTEC system (Becton Dickinson) and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method (NCCLS standards). Results: 494 episodes of bacter...
Migrants have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 and emerging evidence suggests they ma... more Migrants have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 and emerging evidence suggests they may face barriers to COVID-19 vaccination. Participatory approaches and engagement strategies are urgently needed to strengthen uptake, alongside innovative delivery mechanisms and sharing of best practice, to ensure migrants are better consider within countries’ existing vaccine priority structures.
BackgroundMigrants, including refugees, asylum seekers, labour migrants, and undocumented migrant... more BackgroundMigrants, including refugees, asylum seekers, labour migrants, and undocumented migrants, now constitute a considerable proportion of most high-income countries’ populations, including their skilled and unskilled workforces. Migrants may be at increased risk of COVID-19 due to their health and social circumstances, yet the extent to which they are being affected and their predisposing risk factors are not clearly understood. We did a systematic review to assess clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in migrant populations (cases, hospitalisations, deaths), indirect health and social impacts, and to determine key risk factors.MethodsWe did a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020222135). We searched databases including PubMed, Global Health, Scopus, CINAHL, and pre-print databases (medRxiv) via the WHO Global Research on COVID-19 database to Nov 18, 2020 for peer-reviewed and grey literature pertaining to migrants (defined as foreign born) ...
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, Jan 17, 2004
Dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease) is a parasitic disease that is limited to remote, rural vill... more Dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease) is a parasitic disease that is limited to remote, rural villages in 13 sub-Saharan African countries that do not have access to safe drinking water. It is one the next diseases targeted for eradication by the World Health Organization. Guinea worm disease is transmitted by drinking water containing copepods (water fleas) that are infected with Dracunculiasis medinensis larvae. One year after human ingestion of infected water a female adult worm emerges, typically from a lower extremity, producing painful ulcers that can impair mobility for up to several weeks. This disease occurs annually when agricultural activities are at their peak. Large proportions of economically productive individuals of a village are usually affected simultaneously, resulting in decreased agricultural productivity and economic hardship. Eradication of guinea worm disease depends on prevention, as there is no effective treatment or vaccine. Since 1986, there has been a 98%...
We describe a case of papulonecrotic tuberculid, a rare form of cutaneous tuberculosis, in a 25-y... more We describe a case of papulonecrotic tuberculid, a rare form of cutaneous tuberculosis, in a 25-year-old Philippino woman who had immigrated to Canada 8 years previously. The patient presented with a 3-week history of tender left cervical adenopathy; 1 week later, she developed multiple ulcerated erythematous nodules and emboluslike lesions scattered over her fingers. Results of a biopsy performed on the lymph node revealed granulomatous lymphadenitis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis grew from the lymph node. Histopathologic analysis of an ulcerative finger lesion demonstrated nonnecrotizing granulomas with dense lymphocytic inflammation of the superficial dermis; however, results of acid-fast staining, mycobacterial culture, and polymerase chain reaction for M tuberculosis complex were all negative. Different conditions can mimic papulonecrotic tuberculid. Therefore, the diagnosis can be difficult unless M tuberculosis is isolated from a site other than the skin, because stain and c...
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Papers by Chris Greenaway