Many caves were formed in Turkey, which is, in a large part, composed of carbonate, sulphate and ... more Many caves were formed in Turkey, which is, in a large part, composed of carbonate, sulphate and chlorinated rocks suitable for dissolving. These interesting underground shapes, which vary from region to region and differ in their frequency distribution are estimated to be more than twenty thousand. The caves, which are especially denser around Toros Mountains, have more than 5 kilometers lengths in places and 1000 metres depths. Caves have shapes and structures that characterize the geological, geomorphological, hydrological, anthropological and climactic properties of the regions in which they are situated, create an immense ecosystem with the entirety of living and non-living entities they include. The caves that form in ten thousands, even millions of years and that need to be conserved and hand down to next generations with the rich inner content that stretch human imagination are utilized for various purposes based on physico-chemical formation and development properties. These mysterious gaps of the underground that have become an economic sector on its own in many countries and in Turkey may be used for various purposes such as tourism, storage, shelter, military logistics area, cave therapy, mushroom cultivation, maturation of animal products and production of underground water and placer mineral. This way, caves immensely contribute to the socio-economic development of the region in which they are located. The cave is situated in the southern foothills of Kaz Mountains that lay in W-E direction in the immediate north from the coast along Edremit bay in Edremit (Balıkesir) located in Western Anatolia Stress Region in tectonic terms and in Western Anatolia Karst Region in Karst Morphology. Avcılar Cave, situated in a region topped by rocks that are suitable for dissolving and where cave formation is not dense, does not have sufficient dimensions either in depth or length to be listed in the ranking of caves in Turkey. However, since the benefits of even the smallest caves are comprehended based on the contributions to the socio-economic development of the region in which they are located, the significance of caves have increased. Hence, local governments have embarked on a quest to investigate the existing caves. It is believed that speleotourism will contribute to the efforts to diversify tourism and disseminate it in the whole district in Edremit-Altınoluk region where coastal and nature tourism are developing rapidly. In this context, this study was undertaken to identify the tourism potential of Avcılar cave located in the immediate north of Avcılar Village of Altınoluk town.
Many caves were formed in Turkey, which is, in a large part, composed of carbonate, sulphate and ... more Many caves were formed in Turkey, which is, in a large part, composed of carbonate, sulphate and chlorinated rocks suitable for dissolving. These interesting underground shapes, which vary from region to region and differ in their frequency distribution are estimated to be more than twenty thousand. The caves, which are especially denser around Toros Mountains, have more than 5 kilometers lengths in places and 1000 metres depths. Caves have shapes and structures that characterize the geological, geomorphological, hydrological, anthropological and climactic properties of the regions in which they are situated, create an immense ecosystem with the entirety of living and non-living entities they include. The caves that form in ten thousands, even millions of years and that need to be conserved and hand down to next generations with the rich inner content that stretch human imagination are utilized for various purposes based on physico-chemical formation and development properties. These mysterious gaps of the underground that have become an economic sector on its own in many countries and in Turkey may be used for various purposes such as tourism, storage, shelter, military logistics area, cave therapy, mushroom cultivation, maturation of animal products and production of underground water and placer mineral. This way, caves immensely contribute to the socio-economic development of the region in which they are located. The cave is situated in the southern foothills of Kaz Mountains that lay in W-E direction in the immediate north from the coast along Edremit bay in Edremit (Balıkesir) located in Western Anatolia Stress Region in tectonic terms and in Western Anatolia Karst Region in Karst Morphology. Avcılar Cave, situated in a region topped by rocks that are suitable for dissolving and where cave formation is not dense, does not have sufficient dimensions either in depth or length to be listed in the ranking of caves in Turkey. However, since the benefits of even the smallest caves are comprehended based on the contributions to the socio-economic development of the region in which they are located, the significance of caves have increased. Hence, local governments have embarked on a quest to investigate the existing caves. It is believed that speleotourism will contribute to the efforts to diversify tourism and disseminate it in the whole district in Edremit-Altınoluk region where coastal and nature tourism are developing rapidly. In this context, this study was undertaken to identify the tourism potential of Avcılar cave located in the immediate north of Avcılar Village of Altınoluk town.
A significant part of Turkey consists of landforms belonging to karst geomorphology. The most imp... more A significant part of Turkey consists of landforms belonging to karst geomorphology. The most important region where we can see these karst shapes in different locations and sizes together is the Taurus Mountain Belt region. The study area is within the Western Taurus karst area, which is located in the westernmost part of this belt. One of the most common karst shapes in the Çeltikçi Basin are dolines. These dolines, which developed in different sizes and locations, developed primarily under the control of lithostratigraphic and structural elements, geomorphological evolution and karst base level. These factors enabled the development of two different doline topographies in the basin. In areas where thrust structures developed in the basin, it was observed that fossil, autochthonous limestones and young doline topographies developed side by side on cracked topographic surfaces. In this study, the formation, development and morphometric properties of these different types of dolines in the area within the Çeltikçi Basin were investigated, and the effective parameters and their degree of influence were revealed. In this context, the 1/10000 scale geology maps obtained from the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration and the 1/25000 scale topography maps obtained from the General Directorate of Maps were digitized with the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) program and geology, geomorphology and karst classification maps of the field were created. As a matter of fact, in the study area with an area of 277 km², 995 dolines and 1 uvala were identified from 1/25000 topographic maps and Google Earth Pro and morphometric analyzes were made. Accordingly, the formal characteristics of these karst depressions were determined and evaluated. According to these analyses; 93% of dolines lost their circular forms; It has been observed that it turns into semi-elliptical, elliptical or elongated dolines at the same rate. This was determined by the lithostratigraphic and structural features in the field, geomorphological evolution, topographic conditions and the location of the karst base level.
The research area, located to the west of the NE-SW oriented Kestel Mountain in the south of Burd... more The research area, located to the west of the NE-SW oriented Kestel Mountain in the south of Burdur province, has an area of approximately 176 km². 64% of the rocks surfacing out in the field consist of rocks suitable for karstification. In this study; The formation and development characteristics of the poljes, which were developed on the partial karst lithologies located in the west of Kestel Mountain (Burdur) and as a result of fluviokarstic processes, and the morphometric analyzes of these karst depressions were investigated and explained. For this purpose, first of all, 1/100.000 scale geological maps and geological sections of the field and 1/25.000 scale location and geomorphology maps were produced with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) programs. The most common shapes developed on the units of the field with full and partial karstic features are poljes, fluviokarstic valleys and dolines. The most striking of these karstic structures are the poljes. Poles developning on the field; Bereket, Üçboğaz, Aksu, Yeşildağ, Sinop, Kapaklı, Aziziye and Bozlar are the poljes. These poljes, located in the western part of the Taurus Karst Belt, are the largest karstic shapes that best reflect the holokarst in the field. These poljes developed on the detachment surfaces of the Pliocene, especially under the control of Plio-Quaternary tectonism and lithological features. The poljes that developed on nappe units or in the contact zones of the units settled in the region between the Upper Cretaceous and end of the Middle Miocene have a structural and marginal polje character because they are formed at lithological boundaries or tectonic lines. They were also formed on Pliocene valleys and opened to external drainage in the mid-Pleistocene. These poljes, which are polycyclic and polygenic with these formation and development characteristics, are also of fluviokarst origin. According to the morphological analysis, these poljes show different morphologies. Poles present elliptical, semi-elliptical or elongated features due to the extension of tectonic lines, block faulting, extension of paleo valleys, and fluvial effects caused by rejuvenation in morphology. According to the calculated index values, these poles are more or less far from circularity.
Yüzey ve yeraltı karstının büyük derinliklere ulaştığı Toros Dağları karst kuşağının batısında ge... more Yüzey ve yeraltı karstının büyük derinliklere ulaştığı Toros Dağları karst kuşağının batısında gelişmiş olan Buruk Düdeni ile aslında bir çökme dolini olan Gümüşdere Obruğu, Denizli ilinin Tavas ilçesi sınırları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Tektonik olarak aktif bir bölgede yer alan bu karstik şekiller, bindirme, faylanma, grebenleşme, yeraltı su zonlarının daha derinlere göçü, karst ve morfolojik taban düzeylerinin derinleşmesine bağlı olarak çok kökenli-çok dönemli jeomorfik gelişimi karakterize ederler. Her iki karstik şekil de bu çok dönemliliği karakterize eden morfolojik şekil ve yapıları barındırmaktadır. Bu özelliklerin ortaya çıkartılması ve kullanım imkanlarının değerlendirilmesi adına düden ve obruk ayrıntılı bir şekilde etüd edildi. Bunun için düden ve obrukta, doğrultu ve eğim değerleri ölçüldü; taban uzunlukları, sağ-sol genişlikleri ve tavan mesafeleri lazer metreyle ölçüldü. Tüm bu ölçüm değerlerine göre düden mağara ve obruğun planları çıkartıldı, enine ve boyuna kesi...
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Book Chapters - Kitap Bölümleri by Kadir Tuncer
The cave is situated in the southern foothills of Kaz Mountains that lay in W-E direction in the immediate north from the coast along Edremit bay in Edremit (Balıkesir) located in Western Anatolia Stress Region in tectonic terms and in Western Anatolia Karst Region in Karst Morphology. Avcılar Cave, situated in a region topped by rocks that are suitable for dissolving and where cave formation is not dense, does not have sufficient dimensions either in depth or length to be listed in the ranking of caves in Turkey. However, since the benefits of even the smallest caves are comprehended based on the contributions to the socio-economic development of the region in which they are located, the significance of caves have increased. Hence, local governments have embarked on a quest to investigate the existing caves. It is believed that speleotourism will contribute to the efforts to diversify tourism and disseminate it in the whole district in Edremit-Altınoluk region where coastal and nature tourism are developing rapidly. In this context, this study was undertaken to identify the tourism potential of Avcılar cave located in the immediate north of Avcılar Village of Altınoluk town.
Papers by Kadir Tuncer
The cave is situated in the southern foothills of Kaz Mountains that lay in W-E direction in the immediate north from the coast along Edremit bay in Edremit (Balıkesir) located in Western Anatolia Stress Region in tectonic terms and in Western Anatolia Karst Region in Karst Morphology. Avcılar Cave, situated in a region topped by rocks that are suitable for dissolving and where cave formation is not dense, does not have sufficient dimensions either in depth or length to be listed in the ranking of caves in Turkey. However, since the benefits of even the smallest caves are comprehended based on the contributions to the socio-economic development of the region in which they are located, the significance of caves have increased. Hence, local governments have embarked on a quest to investigate the existing caves. It is believed that speleotourism will contribute to the efforts to diversify tourism and disseminate it in the whole district in Edremit-Altınoluk region where coastal and nature tourism are developing rapidly. In this context, this study was undertaken to identify the tourism potential of Avcılar cave located in the immediate north of Avcılar Village of Altınoluk town.
purpose, first of all, 1/100.000 scale geological maps and geological sections of the field and 1/25.000 scale location and geomorphology maps were produced with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) programs. The most common shapes developed on the units of the field with full and partial karstic features are poljes, fluviokarstic valleys and dolines. The most striking of these karstic structures are the poljes. Poles developning on the field; Bereket, Üçboğaz, Aksu, Yeşildağ, Sinop, Kapaklı, Aziziye and Bozlar are the poljes. These poljes, located in the western part of the Taurus Karst Belt, are the largest karstic shapes that best reflect the holokarst in the field. These poljes developed on the detachment surfaces of the Pliocene, especially under the control of Plio-Quaternary tectonism and lithological features. The poljes that developed on nappe units or in the contact zones of the units settled in the region between the Upper Cretaceous and end of the Middle Miocene have a structural and marginal polje character because they are formed at lithological boundaries or tectonic lines. They were also formed on Pliocene valleys and opened to external drainage in the mid-Pleistocene. These poljes, which are polycyclic and polygenic with these formation and development characteristics, are also of fluviokarst origin. According to the morphological analysis, these poljes show different morphologies. Poles present elliptical, semi-elliptical or elongated features due to the extension of tectonic lines, block faulting, extension of paleo valleys, and fluvial effects caused by rejuvenation in morphology. According to the calculated index values, these poles are more or less far from circularity.