Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage in a Bioelectrochemical System, Based on an Anodic Microbial Sulfate Reduction, 2023
The possibilities of simultaneous removal of sulfates and heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn) from acid min... more The possibilities of simultaneous removal of sulfates and heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn) from acid mine drainage have been investigated in two-section bioelectrochemical system (BES). The used BES is based on the microbial sulfate reduction (MSR) process in the anode zone and abiotic reduction processes in the cathodic zone. In the present study, the model acid mine drainage with high sulfate (around 4.5 g/l) and heavy metals (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) content was performed. As a separator in the laboratory, BES used an anionic exchange membrane (AEM), and for electron donor in the process of microbial sulfate reduction in the bioanode zone – waste ethanol stillage from the distillery industry was employed. In this study, the possibility of sulfates removal from the cathodic zone was established by their forced migration through AEM to the anode zone. Simultaneously, as a result of the MSR process, the sulfate ions passed through AEM are reduced to H2S in the anode zone. The produced H2S, having its role as a mediator in electron transfer, is oxidized on the anode surface to S0 and other forms of sulfur. The applicability of waste ethanol stillage as a cheap and affordable organic substrate for the MSR process has also been established. Heavy metals (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) occur in the cathode chamber of BES in different degrees of the removal. As a microbial fuel cell (MFC) operating for 120 hours, the reduction rate of Cu2+ reaches 94.6% (in waste ethanol stillage) and 98.6% (in the case of Postgate culture medium). On the other hand, in terms of Ni2+ and Zn2+, no significant decrease in their concentrations in the liquid phase is found. In the case of microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) mode reduction of Cu2+- 99.9%, Ni2+- 65.9% and Zn2+- 64.0% was achieved. For 96 hours, the removal of sulfates in MEC mode reached 69.9% in comparison with MFC mode – 35.2%. Keywords: BES, MFC, MEC, ethanol stillage, microbial sulfate reduction, acid mine drainage, heavy metals, sulphate.
In a two-section bioelectrochemical system (BES), the processes of biomethanation of ethanol stil... more In a two-section bioelectrochemical system (BES), the processes of biomethanation of ethanol stillage in the anode zone and oxygenic photosynthesis in the cathodic zone are combined. There is a reduction of ammonium ions and removal of H2S in the anode zone, and at the same time, there is a positive impact on the process of biomethanation from ethanol stillage in parallel to the anode anaerobic bioreactor. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions ranging from 71.2% to 89.5% were achieved in the 3 BES operating modes studied. The dynamics of the main technological parameters in the bioanode and biocathode area of the BES during continuous operation of the anaerobic bioreactor and photobioreactor (PBR) at a contact time of 10 days is established. Depending on the selected variant of operation of BES-microbial fuel cell (MFC), microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) with 0.6V and 0.9V, a decrease in the ammonium concentration is found to varying degrees, as in the MEC mode with an external electrical voltage of 0.9V the highest degree of 76.5% is reached. At the same time, complete removal of H2S is found, in the liquid and gas phases in MEC-mode and partially (78-84 %) in MFC-mode. The influence of the photosynthetic phases on the electrochemical parameters of MFC was also investigated, with maximum values for power and current densities of 29 W/m 2 and 115 mA/m 2 , respectively.
Waters with pH in the range of about 3,0-6,5 and containing 20 mg/l manganese were treated under ... more Waters with pH in the range of about 3,0-6,5 and containing 20 mg/l manganese were treated under laboratory conditions by means of a rock filter at different residence times (from 24 to 96 hours). The filter was filled with pieces of gravel and limestone which supported a luxuriant growth of algae biofilms. The presence of both limestone and algae increased
Sustainable Solid Waste Management in the Southern Black Sea Region, 2000
Page 207. A PILOT-SCALE PASSIVE SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE STOYAN N. GROUDEV*... more Page 207. A PILOT-SCALE PASSIVE SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE STOYAN N. GROUDEV*, PLAMEN S. GEORGIEV*. IRENA I. SPASOVA*. ANATOLI T. ANGELOV* and KOSTAS KOMNITSASt ...
The groundwater in the area near the tailings ponds at the Burgas Copper Mines, Bulgaria, is cont... more The groundwater in the area near the tailings ponds at the Burgas Copper Mines, Bulgaria, is contaminated with radionuclides, sulphates and toxic heavy metals (mainly copper, lead, molybdenum and manganese) by drainage waters from the pond. The groundwater level and the ...
Here we report carboxy-eosin as a fluorescent marker for in vivo visualization of DNA in the corr... more Here we report carboxy-eosin as a fluorescent marker for in vivo visualization of DNA in the correlative (fluorescence and electron) biological microscope. For that purpose a fluorescent thymidine analog 2’,4’,5’,7’-tetrabromofluorescein-aminoallyldUTP (eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP) was synthesized and incorporated into the genome of Escherichia coli. The fluorescent dye eosin contains four bromine atoms, which enable electron spectroscopic imaging in the transmission electron microscope. Labeled cells were prepared and directly observed by fluorescence and electron microscope without any preliminary fixation step. We demonstrated that eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP is a suitable marker for imaging of cell’s ultrastructures by correlative biological microscopy.
Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage in a Bioelectrochemical System, Based on an Anodic Microbial Sulfate Reduction, 2023
The possibilities of simultaneous removal of sulfates and heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn) from acid min... more The possibilities of simultaneous removal of sulfates and heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn) from acid mine drainage have been investigated in two-section bioelectrochemical system (BES). The used BES is based on the microbial sulfate reduction (MSR) process in the anode zone and abiotic reduction processes in the cathodic zone. In the present study, the model acid mine drainage with high sulfate (around 4.5 g/l) and heavy metals (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) content was performed. As a separator in the laboratory, BES used an anionic exchange membrane (AEM), and for electron donor in the process of microbial sulfate reduction in the bioanode zone – waste ethanol stillage from the distillery industry was employed. In this study, the possibility of sulfates removal from the cathodic zone was established by their forced migration through AEM to the anode zone. Simultaneously, as a result of the MSR process, the sulfate ions passed through AEM are reduced to H2S in the anode zone. The produced H2S, having its role as a mediator in electron transfer, is oxidized on the anode surface to S0 and other forms of sulfur. The applicability of waste ethanol stillage as a cheap and affordable organic substrate for the MSR process has also been established. Heavy metals (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) occur in the cathode chamber of BES in different degrees of the removal. As a microbial fuel cell (MFC) operating for 120 hours, the reduction rate of Cu2+ reaches 94.6% (in waste ethanol stillage) and 98.6% (in the case of Postgate culture medium). On the other hand, in terms of Ni2+ and Zn2+, no significant decrease in their concentrations in the liquid phase is found. In the case of microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) mode reduction of Cu2+- 99.9%, Ni2+- 65.9% and Zn2+- 64.0% was achieved. For 96 hours, the removal of sulfates in MEC mode reached 69.9% in comparison with MFC mode – 35.2%. Keywords: BES, MFC, MEC, ethanol stillage, microbial sulfate reduction, acid mine drainage, heavy metals, sulphate.
In a two-section bioelectrochemical system (BES), the processes of biomethanation of ethanol stil... more In a two-section bioelectrochemical system (BES), the processes of biomethanation of ethanol stillage in the anode zone and oxygenic photosynthesis in the cathodic zone are combined. There is a reduction of ammonium ions and removal of H2S in the anode zone, and at the same time, there is a positive impact on the process of biomethanation from ethanol stillage in parallel to the anode anaerobic bioreactor. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions ranging from 71.2% to 89.5% were achieved in the 3 BES operating modes studied. The dynamics of the main technological parameters in the bioanode and biocathode area of the BES during continuous operation of the anaerobic bioreactor and photobioreactor (PBR) at a contact time of 10 days is established. Depending on the selected variant of operation of BES-microbial fuel cell (MFC), microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) with 0.6V and 0.9V, a decrease in the ammonium concentration is found to varying degrees, as in the MEC mode with an external electrical voltage of 0.9V the highest degree of 76.5% is reached. At the same time, complete removal of H2S is found, in the liquid and gas phases in MEC-mode and partially (78-84 %) in MFC-mode. The influence of the photosynthetic phases on the electrochemical parameters of MFC was also investigated, with maximum values for power and current densities of 29 W/m 2 and 115 mA/m 2 , respectively.
Waters with pH in the range of about 3,0-6,5 and containing 20 mg/l manganese were treated under ... more Waters with pH in the range of about 3,0-6,5 and containing 20 mg/l manganese were treated under laboratory conditions by means of a rock filter at different residence times (from 24 to 96 hours). The filter was filled with pieces of gravel and limestone which supported a luxuriant growth of algae biofilms. The presence of both limestone and algae increased
Sustainable Solid Waste Management in the Southern Black Sea Region, 2000
Page 207. A PILOT-SCALE PASSIVE SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE STOYAN N. GROUDEV*... more Page 207. A PILOT-SCALE PASSIVE SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE STOYAN N. GROUDEV*, PLAMEN S. GEORGIEV*. IRENA I. SPASOVA*. ANATOLI T. ANGELOV* and KOSTAS KOMNITSASt ...
The groundwater in the area near the tailings ponds at the Burgas Copper Mines, Bulgaria, is cont... more The groundwater in the area near the tailings ponds at the Burgas Copper Mines, Bulgaria, is contaminated with radionuclides, sulphates and toxic heavy metals (mainly copper, lead, molybdenum and manganese) by drainage waters from the pond. The groundwater level and the ...
Here we report carboxy-eosin as a fluorescent marker for in vivo visualization of DNA in the corr... more Here we report carboxy-eosin as a fluorescent marker for in vivo visualization of DNA in the correlative (fluorescence and electron) biological microscope. For that purpose a fluorescent thymidine analog 2’,4’,5’,7’-tetrabromofluorescein-aminoallyldUTP (eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP) was synthesized and incorporated into the genome of Escherichia coli. The fluorescent dye eosin contains four bromine atoms, which enable electron spectroscopic imaging in the transmission electron microscope. Labeled cells were prepared and directly observed by fluorescence and electron microscope without any preliminary fixation step. We demonstrated that eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP is a suitable marker for imaging of cell’s ultrastructures by correlative biological microscopy.
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In this study, the possibility of sulfates removal from the cathodic zone was established by their forced migration through AEM to the anode zone. Simultaneously, as a result of the MSR process, the sulfate ions passed through AEM are reduced to H2S in the anode zone. The produced H2S, having its role as a mediator in electron transfer, is oxidized on the anode surface to S0 and other forms of sulfur. The applicability of waste ethanol stillage as a cheap and affordable organic substrate for the MSR process has also been established.
Heavy metals (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) occur in the cathode chamber of BES in different degrees of the removal. As a microbial fuel cell (MFC) operating for 120 hours, the reduction rate of Cu2+ reaches 94.6% (in waste ethanol stillage) and 98.6% (in the case of Postgate culture medium). On the other hand, in terms of Ni2+ and Zn2+, no significant decrease in their concentrations in the liquid phase is found. In the case of microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) mode reduction of Cu2+- 99.9%, Ni2+- 65.9% and Zn2+- 64.0% was achieved. For 96 hours, the removal of sulfates in MEC mode reached 69.9% in comparison with MFC mode – 35.2%.
Keywords: BES, MFC, MEC, ethanol stillage, microbial sulfate reduction, acid mine drainage, heavy metals, sulphate.
electron) biological microscope. For that purpose a fluorescent thymidine analog 2’,4’,5’,7’-tetrabromofluorescein-aminoallyldUTP (eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP) was synthesized and incorporated into the genome of Escherichia coli. The fluorescent dye eosin contains four bromine atoms, which enable electron spectroscopic imaging in the transmission electron microscope. Labeled cells were prepared and directly observed by fluorescence and electron microscope without any preliminary fixation step. We demonstrated that eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP is a suitable marker for imaging of cell’s ultrastructures by correlative biological microscopy.
In this study, the possibility of sulfates removal from the cathodic zone was established by their forced migration through AEM to the anode zone. Simultaneously, as a result of the MSR process, the sulfate ions passed through AEM are reduced to H2S in the anode zone. The produced H2S, having its role as a mediator in electron transfer, is oxidized on the anode surface to S0 and other forms of sulfur. The applicability of waste ethanol stillage as a cheap and affordable organic substrate for the MSR process has also been established.
Heavy metals (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) occur in the cathode chamber of BES in different degrees of the removal. As a microbial fuel cell (MFC) operating for 120 hours, the reduction rate of Cu2+ reaches 94.6% (in waste ethanol stillage) and 98.6% (in the case of Postgate culture medium). On the other hand, in terms of Ni2+ and Zn2+, no significant decrease in their concentrations in the liquid phase is found. In the case of microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) mode reduction of Cu2+- 99.9%, Ni2+- 65.9% and Zn2+- 64.0% was achieved. For 96 hours, the removal of sulfates in MEC mode reached 69.9% in comparison with MFC mode – 35.2%.
Keywords: BES, MFC, MEC, ethanol stillage, microbial sulfate reduction, acid mine drainage, heavy metals, sulphate.
electron) biological microscope. For that purpose a fluorescent thymidine analog 2’,4’,5’,7’-tetrabromofluorescein-aminoallyldUTP (eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP) was synthesized and incorporated into the genome of Escherichia coli. The fluorescent dye eosin contains four bromine atoms, which enable electron spectroscopic imaging in the transmission electron microscope. Labeled cells were prepared and directly observed by fluorescence and electron microscope without any preliminary fixation step. We demonstrated that eosin-aminoallyl-dUTP is a suitable marker for imaging of cell’s ultrastructures by correlative biological microscopy.