Claude Monet

Claude Monet
Claude Monet, gambar oleh Nadar, tahun 1899.
Kelahiran	Oscar-Claude Monet (1840-11-14)14 November 1840 Paris, France
Meninggal dunia	5 Disember 1926(1926-12-05) (umur 86) Giverny, France
Warganegara	Perancis
Terkenal kerana	Pelukis
Karya terkenal	Impression, soleil levant siri Rouen Cathedral siri London Parliament Water Lilies Haystacks Poplars
Gerakan politik	Impresionisme
Penaung	Gustave Caillebotte, Ernest Hoschedé, Georges Clemenceau

Claude Monet (14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926) ialah seorang pengasas lukisan Impresionisme Perancis. Beliau merupakan pengamal tekal falsafah meluahkan tanggapan pelukis tentang alam semula jadi, terutamanya dalam lukisan landskap luar (plein-air) pergerakan itu dan menghasilkan banyak karya dalam genre tersebut. Perkataan "Impressionism" merupakan terbitan daripada judul lukisannya, Impression, soleil levant ("Impression, terbit matahari").

Paris dan Giverney

Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Claude Monet Reading ("Claude Monet sedang membaca") 1872

Impression, soleil levant (Impression, terbit matahari), 1872

On the Bank of the Seine, Bennecourt ("Di tebing Seine, Bennecourt") 1868, contoh awal Impresionisme plein-air: penggunaan cat minyak secara penanda dan penunjuk dipaparkan sebagai lukisan yang sudah selesai.

Pada tahun 1862 Monet menuntut di bawah Charles Gleyre di Paris, di mana beliau bertemu Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Frederic Bazille dan Alfred Sisley. Mereka bersama-sama berkongsi pendekatan baharu terhadap seni lukis, melukis kesan cahaya ("plein air") dengan warna berbintik dan coretan pantas, yang kemudiannya dikenali sebagai Impresionisme.

Pada tahun 1872, beliau melukis Impression, soleil levant ("Impression, terbit matahari" ) yang menggambarkan pemandangan pelabuhan Le Havre. Lukisan ini dipamerkan pada tahun 1874 dalam pameran lukisan Impresionis pertama. Pengkritik seni Louis Leroy membuat kata ciptaan Impressionism daripada tajuk lukisan Monet; Leroy mencipta perkatan tersebut untuk mencemuh gaya pelukis Impresionisme, akan tetapi perkataannya telah diambil oleh para Impresionis sebagai gelaran pergerakan seni mereka.

Monet gemar melukis pemandangan semula jadi terkawal: taman bunga miliknya di Giverny, dengan bunga telepok, tasik, dan jambatan. Beliau juga melukis tebing sungai Seine, dan menghasilkan lukisan seperti Break-up of the ice on the Seine ("Pencairan ais di sungai Seine"). Beliau menulis pesanan harian kepada tukang kebunnya, atur letak persisi bagi tanaman dan catatan berkaitan pembelian bunga serta himpunan buku-buku botani. Taman Monet berkembang seiring dengan kemewahannya dan beliau merupakan ahli seni landskap tamannya mahupun beliau menggaji tujuh orang taukang kebun.

Galeri

Lukisan awal

Le déjeuner sur l'herbe, (bahagian kanan), dengan Gustave Courbet, 1865–1866, Musee d'Orsay, Paris

Woman with a Parasol, (Camille dan Jean Monet), 1875, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC.

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  View At Rouelles, Le Havre ("Pemandangan di Rouelles, Le Havre") 1858, Koleksi peribadi.
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  Claude Monet - Mouth of the Seine, 1865, The Norton Simon Foundation, Pasadena, CA
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  The Woman in the Green Dress, (Camille Doncieux), 1866, Kunsthalle Bremen Bremen.
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  Le déjeuner sur l'herbe, 1865–1866, The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow.
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  Flowering Garden at Sainte-Adresse, 1866, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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  Women in a Garden, 1866–1867, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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  Woman in a Garden, 1867, Hermitage, St. Petersburg
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  Jardin à Sainte-Adresse, 1867, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
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  The Luncheon, 1868, Städel Museum, Frankfurt
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  Pheasant, 1869. Koleksi peribadi.
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  The Magpie, 1868–1869. Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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  Seine Basin with Argenteuil, 1872, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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  Springtime (1872). The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.
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  Jean Monet on his hobby horse, 1872, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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  Camille Monet on a Garden Bench, 1873, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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  The Artist's house at Argenteuil, 1873, The Art Institute of Chicago
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  Poppies Blooming, 1873, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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  Train in the Snow, 1875, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris.
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  Madame Monet in a Japanese Costume, 1875, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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  Camille Monet at her tapestry loom, 1875, Barnes Foundation, Merion, PA
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  Argenteuil, 1875, Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris.
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  The Boat Studio, 1876, Barnes Foundation, Merion, Philadelphia.
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  Saint Lazare Train Station, Paris, 1877, The Art Institute of Chicago
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  Rue Montorgueil, 1878, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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  Vétheuil in the Fog, 1879, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris.
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  Camille Monet on her deathbed, 1879, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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  Street in Vétheuil in Winter, 1879, Gothenburg Museum of Art
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  Lavacourt: Sunshine and Snow, 1879–1880 National Gallery, London

Lukisan terkemudian

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  The Artist's Garden at Vétheuil, 1880, National Gallery of Art
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  The Lindens of Poissy, 1882
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  La maison du pêcheur à Varengeville (The Fisherman's house at Varengeville), 1882, Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam
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  Rock Arch West of Étretat (The Manneport), 1883, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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  The Cliffs at Etretat, 1885, Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, Massachusetts
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  Still-Life with Anemones, 1885
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  Claude Monet - Bordighera, 1884, The Art Institute of Chicago, Illinois
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  Study of a Figure Outdoors: Woman with a Parasol, facing left, 1886. The pictured woman is Suzanne Hoschedé (c. 1864-1899), eldest daughter of Alice Hoschedé, second wife of Claude Monet, Musée d'Orsay.
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  The Port Coton Pyramids, 1886
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  Oat and Poppy Field, Giverny, 1890
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  Haystacks, (sunset), 1890–1891, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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  Poplars, (autumn), 1891, Philadelphia Museum of Art
• Four Poplars on the Banks of the Epte River near Giverny, 1891, Metropolitan Museum of Art
  Four Poplars on the Banks of the Epte River near Giverny, 1891, Metropolitan Museum of Art
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  Rouen Cathedral, Façade (sunset), 1892–1894, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris
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  The Seine at Giverny, 1897, National Gallery of Art
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  Charing Cross Bridge, 1899, Collection Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid
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  Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies, 1899, Metropolitan Museum of Art
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  Poplars on the Epte, 1900, National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
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  The Garden in Flower, 1900
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  Garden Path, 1902, Österreichische Galerie Belvedere
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  Houses of Parliament, London, c. 1904, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris
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  Water Lilies, 1906, Art Institute of Chicago
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  Water Lilies, 1907, Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo
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  Palace From Mula, Venice, 1908, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
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  The Grand Canal, Venice 1908, Boston Museum of Fine Arts
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  Water Lilies, 1914–1917, Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio
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  Nympheas, 1915, Neue Pinakothek, Munich
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  Nympheas, 1915, Musée Marmottan Monet
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  White and yellow Water Lilies, (1915 -1917), Kunstmuseum Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
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  Nympheas, c. 1916, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris
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  Water Lilies, 1916, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo
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  Water Lilies and Reflections of a Willow (1916–19), Musée Marmottan Monet
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  Water-Lily Pond and Weeping Willow, 1916–1919
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  Water Lilies, 1917–1919, Honolulu Museum of Art
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  Weeping Willow, 1918–1919
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  Weeping Willow, 1918–1919, Kimball Art Museum, Fort Worth
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  Water Lilies, 1919, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
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  Sea-Roses (Yellow Nirwana), 1920, The National Gallery, London
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  Water-Lily Pond, c. 1915–1926, Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima, Kagawa, Japan
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  The Rose-Way in Giverny, 1920–1922, Musée Marmottan Monet

Pautan

• Francesco Filippini

Pautan luar

• Templat:MoMA artist
• Claude Monet by himself, intermonet.com
• Claude Monet paintings, media & interactive timeline, mootnotes.com
• Claude Monet: life and paintings Diarkibkan 2014-12-18 di Wayback Machine
• Comparison of reproductions of Monet, kasrl.org
• Monet at Giverny
• Photos of Monet's grave
• The Unknown Monet exhibition Diarkibkan 2015-01-14 di Wayback Machine – view sketchbooks, clarkart.edu
• Union List of Artist Names, Getty Vocabularies.
• Karya oleh atau mengenai Claude Monet di perpustakaan (katalog WorldCat)
• Claude Monet Works

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