Penjarahan
Penjarahan merujuk kepada tindakan mencuri, atau mengambil barang secara paksaan, di tengah-tengah krisis tentera, politik atau krisis sosial yang lain seperti perang,[1] bencana alam (apabila undang-undang dan penguatkuasaan awam tidak berkesan buat sementara waktu),[2] atau rusuhan.[3] Hasil kutipan semua kegiatan ini boleh dihuraikan sebagai harta rampasan, barang curi, barang rampasan, rampasan, atau jarahan.[4][5]
Semasa konflik bersenjata zaman moden, penjarahan dilarang mengikut undang-undang antarabangsa, dan merupakan jenayah perang.[6]
Lihat juga
[sunting | sunting sumber]Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "Baghdad protests over looting". BBC News. BBC. 2003-04-12. Dicapai pada 2010-10-22.
- ^ "World: Americas Looting frenzy in quake city". BBC News. 1999-01-28. Dicapai pada 2010-10-22.
- ^ "Argentine president resigns". BBC News. 2001-12-21. Dicapai pada 2010-10-22.
- ^ "the definition of looting". Dictionary.com. Dicapai pada 2016-12-12.
- ^ "Booty - Define Booty at Dictionary.com".
- ^ Rule 52. Pillage is prohibited., Customary IHL Database, Jawatankuasa Antarabangsa Palang Meeah (ICRC)/Cambridge University Press.
Sumber
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Penjarahan |
- Stewart, James, "Corporate War Crimes: Prosecuting Pillage of Natural Resources", 2010
- Abudu, Margaret, et al., "Black Ghetto Violence: A Case Study Inquiry into the Spatial Pattern of Four Los Angeles Riot Event-Types," 44 Social Problems 483 (1997)
- Curvin, Robert and Bruce Porter, Blackout Looting (1979)
- Dynes, Russell & Enrico L. Quarantelli, "What Looting in Civil Disturbances Really Means," in Modern Criminals 177 (James F. Short, Jr. ed. 1970)
- Green, Stuart P., "Looting, Law, and Lawlessness," 81 Tulane Law Review 1129 (2007)
- Mac Ginty, "Looting in the Context of Violent Conflict: A Conceptualisation and Typology," 25 Third World Quarterly 857 (2004)