International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022
Background: The social representation of restricted health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic ... more Background: The social representation of restricted health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been evaluated properly yet in Hungary. Objective: Our study aimed to quantify the effect of COVID-19 pandemic measures on general practitioner (GP) visits, specialist care, hospitalization, and cost-related prescription nonredemption (CRPNR) among adults, and to identify the social strata susceptible to the pandemic effect. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on nationally representative data of 6611 (Nprepandemic = 5603 and Npandemic = 1008) adults. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing health care use by odds ratios (ORs) along with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). To identify the social strata susceptible to the pandemic effect, the interaction of the time of data collection with the level of education, marital status, and Roma ethnicity, was tested and described by iO...
Surveillance is used for the application of health information for action under the following gen... more Surveillance is used for the application of health information for action under the following general set of conditions: in case of emergency situation, when timely response is demanded, needs public health epidemiologist must travel to & work in the field to solve the problem and when the extent of investigation is likely to be limited because of the imperative for timely intervention.The WHO-AFRO IDSR strategy focuses on the district level, but the goal of the IDSR strategy is to develop sufficient surveillance and response capacities at each level of the national system so that a flexible national infectious disease surveillance system will result. In a national adaptation of the strategy, a country might choose to focus initially on a few diseases depending on national resources and capacities.This study was done to assess the public health surveillance system and outbreak investigation in selected Yello Health Center, Loma District, South Ethiopia by using a cross sectional stu...
Summary Objective There is diverse results on the association between physical activity and sleep... more Summary Objective There is diverse results on the association between physical activity and sleep. So this study investigated association of level and type of physical activity with short term insomnia among college students. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among college students in India. The sample was 662 students with 359 males and 303 females. The predictor variables were type and level of physical activity and predicted variables were sleep complaints.Physical activity components were aseesesed through international physical activity questionnaire and sleep complaints using Pitsburg sleep questionnaire. The binary logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05 for all the analysis. Results The age (mean + SD) of the participants were 23.2 ± 3.5 years. The self reported symptoms of short trem insomnia such as global sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio(AOR) = 15.58), subjective sleep quality (AOR = 6.01), sleep late...
BACKGROUND: Health care seeking behaviour of households is influenced by individuals’ characteris... more BACKGROUND: Health care seeking behaviour of households is influenced by individuals’ characteristics, type of diseases and access of health services. This study conducted to assess the health care seeking behavior and associated factors of urban and rural households for perceived morbidity in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A comparative community based cross-sectional study was conducted among urban and rural households living in the Esera district, southwest Ethiopia. 377 head of households (119 urban and 258 rural dwellers), selected via simple random sampling technique after census, were the respondents. Healthcare seeking behavior on perceived illnesses of households of the district was assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, and binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied to compare and identify independent predictors of health care seeking behavior. RESULTS: A total of 377 (119 urban and 258 rural) households were included ...
Health care seeking behaviour is influenced by the single personality, diseases, and the simple u... more Health care seeking behaviour is influenced by the single personality, diseases, and the simple use and access of health services. Healthcare seeking behaviour states that treatment is pursued from a number of different sources and identifies price, access, service quality and belief as critical factors in decision-making. Dependent on these factors health care seeking behaviour is a composite outcome of many factors functioning at several levels like socioeconomic and cultural factors that influence their seeming needs and demand. We compared health care seeking behavior at household levels between urban and rural Esera Woreda Dawro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community based comparative cross sectional study was conducted among urban and rural households in Esera Woreda Dawro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia from February to May 2015. Total of 394 households (132-urban, 262-rural), selected via simple random sampling technique, were proportionately distributed. Health care seekin...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, and there is... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, and there is growing appreciation for the impact of limited physical activity on the disease. This study aimed to determine whether the current research on DM in Ethiopia has sufficiently identified and focused on the importance of limited physical activity according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) in the disease etiology. METHODS This was a systematic review, performed according to the PRISMA checklist. We searched primary studies of diabetes, diabetes-related complications, determinants, and magnitude of related morbidities in Ethiopia in PubMed, Medline, and ISI Web of Science databases. Reviews, editorial communications, reports, and letters were excluded. RESULTS Among 363 articles that were identified from all databases, 28 were included. It was found that 39% of the studies measured and included limited physical activity as a predisposing lifestyle factor in diabetes, whi...
Rabies is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals and has an ext... more Rabies is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals and has an extremely high case fatality rate. It is widely distributed across the world, with only a few countries (mainly islands and peninsulas) that are free of the disease. It is a neglected disease of poor and vulnerable communities. Underreporting and not recording of cases made it unable to control.Africa and especially South East Asia and are the most common regions to be highly victims of dog bite rabies each year. Mostly young aged and rurals were commonly affected. All mammals are vulnerable to rabies, but only a limited number of species also act as reservoir hosts. They include members of the families Canidae (dogs, jackals, coyotes, wolves, foxes and raccoon dogs), Mustelidae (e.g., skunks), Viverridae (e.g., mongooses), and Procyonidae (raccoons), and the order Chiroptera (bats). Once clinical signs develop, there are very few survivors. Vaccines can protect pets, as well as people expo...
Background. Male involvement is an important determinant of prevention of mother-to-child transmi... more Background. Male involvement is an important determinant of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. However, male involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Ethiopia is not well known.Objectives. To assess male partners involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and associated factors in Arba Minch town and Arba Minch Zuria woreda.Methods. Community based study was conducted in Arba Minch town and Arba Minch Zuria district. Multistage sampling technique was used and data were collected using interviewer administered standard questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the presence of statistically significant associations between the outcome variable and the independent variables.Results. The level of male involvement in PMTCT program in Arba Minch town and Zuria district was 53%. Several factors appear to contribute to male involvement in the PMTCT program including age, residence, education le...
Rural and urban populations have disparate socio-demographic and economic characteristics, which ... more Rural and urban populations have disparate socio-demographic and economic characteristics, which have an influence on equity and their health seeking behavior. We examined and compared the health care seeking behavior for perceived morbidity between urban and rural households in Southwest Ethiopia. Analytic cross-sectional study was conducted among urban and rural households living in Esera district of Southwest Ethiopia. A random sample of 388 head of households (126 urban and 262 rural) were selected. A pretested and structured questionnaire was used for data collection with face-to-face interview. In addition to descriptive methods, binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with health seeking behavior at p value of less than 0.05. Of the sample household heads, 377 (97.2%) (119 urban and 258 rural) were successfully interviewed. Among these, 58.4% (95% CI, 53.3-63.3%) of the households sought care from modern health care that was lower among rural (48.1%...
Background:Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major health problems in Ethiopia.Congregate settings ... more Background:Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major health problems in Ethiopia.Congregate settings like prisons are the most important conducive environment for the transmission of tuberculosis (TB), but they are often given less attention.Objective:This study was done to assess point prevalence and associated factors of pulmonary tuberculosis inBenishangulGumuz Region prisons.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2018 in three zonalprisons of BenishangulGumuz Region. PTB symptom screening according to WHO criteria was done to all prisoners resided in the prisons during the data collection period. One morning sputum wasobtained from 84 eligible prisoners and tested for mycobacterium tuberculosis using gene expert. Results: The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the total prisoners was 0.24% (8/3395) and among those with cough duration of more than two weeks was 9.5% (8/84). One newly diagnosed case in Kamash prison was found to be drug resistant...
SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, 2015
In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), male partners are rarely present during prevention of mother-to-chil... more In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), male partners are rarely present during prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services. This systematic review aims to synthesize, from a male perspective, male partners' perceived roles, barriers and enablers of their involvement in PMTCT, and highlights persisting gaps. We carried out a systematic search of papers published between 2002 and 2013 in English on Google Scholar and PubMed using the following terms: men, male partners, husbands, couples, involvement, participation, Antenatal Care (ANC), PMTCT, SSA countries, HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing and disclosure. A total of 28 qualitative and quantitative original studies from 10 SSA countries were included. Men's perceived role was addressed in 28% (8/28) of the studies. Their role to provide money for ANC/PMTCT fees was stated in 62.5% (5/8) of the studies. For other men, the financial responsibilities seemed to be used as an excuse for not participating. Barriers were c...
Background Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been a global pandemic resulting in physical, fina... more Background Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been a global pandemic resulting in physical, financial and psychosocial crises. Thus, it is important to investigate pooled effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) on glycemic control among T2DM patients. Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the association between DSME or Support (DSME/S) and glycemic control among T2DM patients. Methods The systematic review and meta-analysis will include studies conducted throughout the world from 2010 to 2019. T2DM patients and their clinical, anthropometric, biomarkers from baseline to end line will be recorded. We will search all relevant articles from five databases namely; Cochrane Library, BioMed Central, MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE/PubMed and SCOPUS. Key terms will be used for questing relevant articles. Further efforts will be made to check quality of studies base on quality assessment instruments. Finally, the report will be mad...
Background: The health status of the Roma is inferior to that of the general population. The caus... more Background: The health status of the Roma is inferior to that of the general population. The causes of poor health among this population are still ambiguous, but they include low utilization of healthcare services. Our study aimed to investigate prescription redemptions in segregated Roma colonies (SRC) where the most disadvantaged quartile of Roma people are living.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data obtained from the National Institute of Health Insurance Fund Management in the settlements belonging to the study area of the “Public Health-Focused Model Program for Organizing Primary Care Services.” The study included 4,943 residents of SRC and 62,074 residents of the complementary area (CA) of the settlements where SRC were located. Crude and age- and sex-standardized redemption ratios for SRC and CA were calculated for each Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) group and for the total practice by ATC group. Standardized relative redemptions (RR) with 95% conf...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022
Background: The social representation of restricted health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic ... more Background: The social representation of restricted health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been evaluated properly yet in Hungary. Objective: Our study aimed to quantify the effect of COVID-19 pandemic measures on general practitioner (GP) visits, specialist care, hospitalization, and cost-related prescription nonredemption (CRPNR) among adults, and to identify the social strata susceptible to the pandemic effect. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on nationally representative data of 6611 (Nprepandemic = 5603 and Npandemic = 1008) adults. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing health care use by odds ratios (ORs) along with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). To identify the social strata susceptible to the pandemic effect, the interaction of the time of data collection with the level of education, marital status, and Roma ethnicity, was tested and described by iO...
Surveillance is used for the application of health information for action under the following gen... more Surveillance is used for the application of health information for action under the following general set of conditions: in case of emergency situation, when timely response is demanded, needs public health epidemiologist must travel to & work in the field to solve the problem and when the extent of investigation is likely to be limited because of the imperative for timely intervention.The WHO-AFRO IDSR strategy focuses on the district level, but the goal of the IDSR strategy is to develop sufficient surveillance and response capacities at each level of the national system so that a flexible national infectious disease surveillance system will result. In a national adaptation of the strategy, a country might choose to focus initially on a few diseases depending on national resources and capacities.This study was done to assess the public health surveillance system and outbreak investigation in selected Yello Health Center, Loma District, South Ethiopia by using a cross sectional stu...
Summary Objective There is diverse results on the association between physical activity and sleep... more Summary Objective There is diverse results on the association between physical activity and sleep. So this study investigated association of level and type of physical activity with short term insomnia among college students. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among college students in India. The sample was 662 students with 359 males and 303 females. The predictor variables were type and level of physical activity and predicted variables were sleep complaints.Physical activity components were aseesesed through international physical activity questionnaire and sleep complaints using Pitsburg sleep questionnaire. The binary logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05 for all the analysis. Results The age (mean + SD) of the participants were 23.2 ± 3.5 years. The self reported symptoms of short trem insomnia such as global sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio(AOR) = 15.58), subjective sleep quality (AOR = 6.01), sleep late...
BACKGROUND: Health care seeking behaviour of households is influenced by individuals’ characteris... more BACKGROUND: Health care seeking behaviour of households is influenced by individuals’ characteristics, type of diseases and access of health services. This study conducted to assess the health care seeking behavior and associated factors of urban and rural households for perceived morbidity in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A comparative community based cross-sectional study was conducted among urban and rural households living in the Esera district, southwest Ethiopia. 377 head of households (119 urban and 258 rural dwellers), selected via simple random sampling technique after census, were the respondents. Healthcare seeking behavior on perceived illnesses of households of the district was assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, and binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied to compare and identify independent predictors of health care seeking behavior. RESULTS: A total of 377 (119 urban and 258 rural) households were included ...
Health care seeking behaviour is influenced by the single personality, diseases, and the simple u... more Health care seeking behaviour is influenced by the single personality, diseases, and the simple use and access of health services. Healthcare seeking behaviour states that treatment is pursued from a number of different sources and identifies price, access, service quality and belief as critical factors in decision-making. Dependent on these factors health care seeking behaviour is a composite outcome of many factors functioning at several levels like socioeconomic and cultural factors that influence their seeming needs and demand. We compared health care seeking behavior at household levels between urban and rural Esera Woreda Dawro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community based comparative cross sectional study was conducted among urban and rural households in Esera Woreda Dawro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia from February to May 2015. Total of 394 households (132-urban, 262-rural), selected via simple random sampling technique, were proportionately distributed. Health care seekin...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, and there is... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, and there is growing appreciation for the impact of limited physical activity on the disease. This study aimed to determine whether the current research on DM in Ethiopia has sufficiently identified and focused on the importance of limited physical activity according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) in the disease etiology. METHODS This was a systematic review, performed according to the PRISMA checklist. We searched primary studies of diabetes, diabetes-related complications, determinants, and magnitude of related morbidities in Ethiopia in PubMed, Medline, and ISI Web of Science databases. Reviews, editorial communications, reports, and letters were excluded. RESULTS Among 363 articles that were identified from all databases, 28 were included. It was found that 39% of the studies measured and included limited physical activity as a predisposing lifestyle factor in diabetes, whi...
Rabies is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals and has an ext... more Rabies is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals and has an extremely high case fatality rate. It is widely distributed across the world, with only a few countries (mainly islands and peninsulas) that are free of the disease. It is a neglected disease of poor and vulnerable communities. Underreporting and not recording of cases made it unable to control.Africa and especially South East Asia and are the most common regions to be highly victims of dog bite rabies each year. Mostly young aged and rurals were commonly affected. All mammals are vulnerable to rabies, but only a limited number of species also act as reservoir hosts. They include members of the families Canidae (dogs, jackals, coyotes, wolves, foxes and raccoon dogs), Mustelidae (e.g., skunks), Viverridae (e.g., mongooses), and Procyonidae (raccoons), and the order Chiroptera (bats). Once clinical signs develop, there are very few survivors. Vaccines can protect pets, as well as people expo...
Background. Male involvement is an important determinant of prevention of mother-to-child transmi... more Background. Male involvement is an important determinant of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. However, male involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Ethiopia is not well known.Objectives. To assess male partners involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and associated factors in Arba Minch town and Arba Minch Zuria woreda.Methods. Community based study was conducted in Arba Minch town and Arba Minch Zuria district. Multistage sampling technique was used and data were collected using interviewer administered standard questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the presence of statistically significant associations between the outcome variable and the independent variables.Results. The level of male involvement in PMTCT program in Arba Minch town and Zuria district was 53%. Several factors appear to contribute to male involvement in the PMTCT program including age, residence, education le...
Rural and urban populations have disparate socio-demographic and economic characteristics, which ... more Rural and urban populations have disparate socio-demographic and economic characteristics, which have an influence on equity and their health seeking behavior. We examined and compared the health care seeking behavior for perceived morbidity between urban and rural households in Southwest Ethiopia. Analytic cross-sectional study was conducted among urban and rural households living in Esera district of Southwest Ethiopia. A random sample of 388 head of households (126 urban and 262 rural) were selected. A pretested and structured questionnaire was used for data collection with face-to-face interview. In addition to descriptive methods, binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with health seeking behavior at p value of less than 0.05. Of the sample household heads, 377 (97.2%) (119 urban and 258 rural) were successfully interviewed. Among these, 58.4% (95% CI, 53.3-63.3%) of the households sought care from modern health care that was lower among rural (48.1%...
Background:Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major health problems in Ethiopia.Congregate settings ... more Background:Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major health problems in Ethiopia.Congregate settings like prisons are the most important conducive environment for the transmission of tuberculosis (TB), but they are often given less attention.Objective:This study was done to assess point prevalence and associated factors of pulmonary tuberculosis inBenishangulGumuz Region prisons.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2018 in three zonalprisons of BenishangulGumuz Region. PTB symptom screening according to WHO criteria was done to all prisoners resided in the prisons during the data collection period. One morning sputum wasobtained from 84 eligible prisoners and tested for mycobacterium tuberculosis using gene expert. Results: The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the total prisoners was 0.24% (8/3395) and among those with cough duration of more than two weeks was 9.5% (8/84). One newly diagnosed case in Kamash prison was found to be drug resistant...
SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, 2015
In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), male partners are rarely present during prevention of mother-to-chil... more In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), male partners are rarely present during prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services. This systematic review aims to synthesize, from a male perspective, male partners' perceived roles, barriers and enablers of their involvement in PMTCT, and highlights persisting gaps. We carried out a systematic search of papers published between 2002 and 2013 in English on Google Scholar and PubMed using the following terms: men, male partners, husbands, couples, involvement, participation, Antenatal Care (ANC), PMTCT, SSA countries, HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing and disclosure. A total of 28 qualitative and quantitative original studies from 10 SSA countries were included. Men's perceived role was addressed in 28% (8/28) of the studies. Their role to provide money for ANC/PMTCT fees was stated in 62.5% (5/8) of the studies. For other men, the financial responsibilities seemed to be used as an excuse for not participating. Barriers were c...
Background Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been a global pandemic resulting in physical, fina... more Background Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been a global pandemic resulting in physical, financial and psychosocial crises. Thus, it is important to investigate pooled effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) on glycemic control among T2DM patients. Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the association between DSME or Support (DSME/S) and glycemic control among T2DM patients. Methods The systematic review and meta-analysis will include studies conducted throughout the world from 2010 to 2019. T2DM patients and their clinical, anthropometric, biomarkers from baseline to end line will be recorded. We will search all relevant articles from five databases namely; Cochrane Library, BioMed Central, MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE/PubMed and SCOPUS. Key terms will be used for questing relevant articles. Further efforts will be made to check quality of studies base on quality assessment instruments. Finally, the report will be mad...
Background: The health status of the Roma is inferior to that of the general population. The caus... more Background: The health status of the Roma is inferior to that of the general population. The causes of poor health among this population are still ambiguous, but they include low utilization of healthcare services. Our study aimed to investigate prescription redemptions in segregated Roma colonies (SRC) where the most disadvantaged quartile of Roma people are living.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data obtained from the National Institute of Health Insurance Fund Management in the settlements belonging to the study area of the “Public Health-Focused Model Program for Organizing Primary Care Services.” The study included 4,943 residents of SRC and 62,074 residents of the complementary area (CA) of the settlements where SRC were located. Crude and age- and sex-standardized redemption ratios for SRC and CA were calculated for each Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) group and for the total practice by ATC group. Standardized relative redemptions (RR) with 95% conf...
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