This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climat... more This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climate Change (SLACC) project in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh States of India during the period of 2014-2019 by World Bank and National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) under the supervision of Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India. The main objective of the SLACC project was to improve the adaptive capacity of the rural poor to climate variability and change affecting farm-based livelihoods, through community-based interventions. This paper primarily focuses on implementation process of the SLACC project its outcome. For this purpose, authors tried to understand the role of stakeholders in the climate change adaptation process, climate resilient interventions development, dissemination and implementation of interventions, involvement of communities, small and marginal farmers and other vulnerable groups from communities, the role of Non-Governmental Organizations (onwards NGO) and Self Help Groups (onwards SHG) and capacity development programs for line department officers and farmers. This project has demonstrated outstanding results in some key areas that helped resource poor farmers to cope-up the climate change. At large scale this project has developed the enormous potential to fulfill sustainable development goals. The implementation of SLACC project in other states with local stakeholders can be fruitful to reduce the climate change impact by improving the adaptive capacity of resource poor communities.
The Palgrave Handbook of Socio-ecological Resilience in the Face of Climate Change, 2023
This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climat... more This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climate Change (SLACC) project in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh States of India during the period of 2014-2019 by World Bank and National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) under the supervision of Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India. The main objective of the SLACC project was to improve the adaptive capacity of the rural poor to climate variability and change affecting farm-based livelihoods, through community-based interventions. This paper primarily focuses on implementation process of the SLACC project its outcome. For this purpose, authors tried to understand the role of stakeholders in the climate change adaptation process, climate resilient interventions development, dissemination and implementation of interventions, involvement of communities, small and marginal farmers and other vulnerable groups from communities, the role of Non-Governmental Organizations (onwards NGO) and Self Help Groups (onwards SHG) and capacity development programs for line department officers and farmers. This project has demonstrated outstanding results in some key areas that helped resource poor farmers to cope-up the climate change. At large scale this project has developed the enormous potential to fulfill sustainable development goals. The implementation of SLACC project in other states with local stakeholders can be fruitful to reduce the climate change impact by improving the adaptive capacity of resource poor communities.
The current study was focused to assess the sediment contamination of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, P... more The current study was focused to assess the sediment contamination of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ti) collected from Ujani Reservoir, a tributary of Krishna River located in the industrialized region of Solapur District, Maharashtra. Samples were detected to check the potential contamination status and analyze the degree of usability of the water for domestic purposes. Assessment of seasonal variations of the metal concentrations in the sediments during the pre- monsoon and post-monsoon months showed no significant difference. Sediment contamination was calculated on the basis of Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Potential Ecological Risk Index/ (PERI). The results analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirm that Chromium (Cr) and Mercury (Hg) were the major contaminants in the river which indicates direct input of wastes from agriculture and petroleum industries. The outcomes of the results demonstrated that the...
Sampling was carried out during October 2008, with a view to understand the source of nitrate ion... more Sampling was carried out during October 2008, with a view to understand the source of nitrate ions in the groundwater of Budgam District. Eleven sampling sites were selected and samples were taken for a baseline study and overall physico-chemical characteristics were studied. Results showed that NO3− concentration ranged from 7.4 mg/L to 9.8 mg/L with an average of 8.2 mg/L. All the samples collected were having nitrate concentrations below than 50 mg/L, the maximum acceptable nitrate concentration for drinking water. Presence of nitrate in Ground waters can be attributed to anthropogenic impact as NO-3 that enters the water systems originates as NO-3 in animal wastes or fertilizers applied to the land surface. These are designated as direct nitrate sources. In other cases, NO-3 originates by conversion of organic nitrogen or NH+4, which occur naturally or are introduced to the soil zone by man’s activities. There is a narrow spatial variation in the nitrate concentration in the groundwater, lowest concentrations of nitrate were found at site 7 while the highest concentrations were found at site 5. Nitrate water pollution is very hazardous to humans. The best-known health problem arising from nitrate consumption is methemoglobinemia, a fatal disease characterized by cyanosis.
The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses, 2009
Abstract The siltation rate in the Lake Wular, one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia, show... more Abstract The siltation rate in the Lake Wular, one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia, shows abnormality in space and time, as evidenced from the preliminary geological survey of its catchment. The Panjal traps and limestones (with scanty intercalations of black ...
Geographical conditions and limitation of the resources around Mayureshwar Wildlife Sanctuary hav... more Geographical conditions and limitation of the resources around Mayureshwar Wildlife Sanctuary have become a rationale for the local communities to extract the forest resources to fulfill their basic requirements. This dependence directed to the exploitation of the natural resources that will serve the menace for the wildlife as well as future reliant. Therefore the main objective is to collect and analyze the local views on awareness based conservation approaches and management linked with development practices. The result specified the lack of awareness among the respondents related to park values and benefits for long term sustainability. Further analysis was done to illustrate the local’s perception to resolve conflict issues, practices for development that are being supposed as a tool to attain the positive opinion for long term participation of locals. Educational status among the genders and negative attitude for park resources and authorities represented the limitations for t...
Chapter 16 TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF BIODIVERSITY IN INDIA'S COLD DESERT K. Chandrasekha... more Chapter 16 TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF BIODIVERSITY IN INDIA'S COLD DESERT K. Chandrasekhar1, R. Gavali, KS Rao2, RK Maikhuri3, and KG Saxena1 1School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India, eamil saxena2002in@ yahoo. com:^ Sustainable Development and Rural Ecosystems Programme, GB Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263643, India: 3Garhwal Unit, GB Pant Institute of Himalyan Environment and Development, PO. Box 92, Srinagar ( ...
Proceedings of Taal2007: The 12th World Lake Conference, 2007
Tourism or ecotourism is inherent desire of human beings, which developed with the progress of hu... more Tourism or ecotourism is inherent desire of human beings, which developed with the progress of human civilization. Every man on this planet earth is very fond of tourism, hence always attracted towards nature. The mountains, hills, valleys, oceans, rivers, lakes, islands, waterfalls, forests, wild animals, birds, butterflies etc. have become important attractions for the ecotourists. The improved standard of life and economic status of middle class society has brought ecotourism within their reach. At present there is pressing ...
英文摘要 Iran, as a developing country has been facing rapid growth in the energy demanding sectors a... more 英文摘要 Iran, as a developing country has been facing rapid growth in the energy demanding sectors and needs to achieve essential elements of sustainable development. Environmental impact assessment of factories which emit hazardous gases such as HF would promise a fruitful future to achieve sustainable development. This study reveals an environmental impact assessment that has been carried out for an Aluminum Complex to be located in south of Iran. Application of Gaussian model showed that the highest ...
Aquatic Macrophytic species were studied in three lakes of Jhansi, Bundelkhand region namely Burw... more Aquatic Macrophytic species were studied in three lakes of Jhansi, Bundelkhand region namely Burwa sagar, Atyatal, Laxmital (24 o 11´ and 25 o 57´ N latitude and 78 o 10´ and 79 o 25´ longitude). The present investigation was undertaken in June 2006, deals with distribution characters of macrophytes in the studied wetland ecosystems. Overall 10 species belonging to 9 families were recorded from the lakes. Atyatal was having maximum number of 9 species followed by 5 species in Laxmital and three in Barwasagar. The frequency values evaluated for various species were: 0.84 for Eichhornia crassipes; 0.72 for Ipomea aquatica; 0.53 for Elatina triandra; 0.26 for Potamogeton pectinatus and 0.28 Amaranthus virdis. The maximum values for density were recorded for Eichhornia crassipes (0.47), Ipomea aquatica (0.47), and Potamogeton pectinatus (0.47) all from Atyatal whilst mimimum density values were recorded for Potamogeton pectinatus (0.05) from Barwasagar .The maximum contribution to IVI (Importance Value Index) was recorded from Burwasagar for the species like Ipomea aquatica (111.96), Eichornia crassipes (99.56) and lowest values were recorded from Atyatal for the Species like Parthenium hystrophorus (21.96) and Phalaris arundinaceae
Dal Lake (Lat. 340–6'N, 740-45'E, alt. 1583m) situated in the heart of Srinagar city, t... more Dal Lake (Lat. 340–6'N, 740-45'E, alt. 1583m) situated in the heart of Srinagar city, the summer capital of Jammu Kashmir State is under tremendous anthropogenic pressure. The myriad is ways in which people use the lake along with the numerous pollutant generating activities have stressed the lake ecosystem in diverse ways. Despite the fact that a number of restoration and conservation plans prepared by National and International agencies and implemented by state authorities, there is no significant improvement in Dal ...
... Vidyasagar PB, Gade WN ... The international conference Biology Beyond Borders (BBB10) at P... more ... Vidyasagar PB, Gade WN ... The international conference Biology Beyond Borders (BBB10) at Pune University, Pune, MS, India from 4-5 March, 2010 was jointly organized by Department of Physics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of ...
Clearing of forests for settlements, agriculture, industries and for communication purposes has d... more Clearing of forests for settlements, agriculture, industries and for communication purposes has done irreparable damage to the natural system. In particular, many wild species including birds are adversely affected by human induced changes in land use. Even though wi conservation is practiced according to Protection Act, 1953, Great Indian Bustard (GIB) has been hunted indiscriminately for years. It is reported that the population of GIB at GIB Sanctuary / Jawaharlal Nehru Bustard Sanctuary (Nannaj) was 40 in 1989, whereas it is 9 in 2010. Declining population of GIB the “globall endangered” species is because of hunting, continuing agricultural development and loss of habitats. The paper presents application of remote sensing and GIS technique for Habitat Suitability Modeling for the GIB in Solapur District. Four tehsils viz. Karmala, Madha, Mohol and N.Solapur are considered in this study. Locations for habitats of GIB are located using GPS points. Landuse/land cover, soil, altitu...
Rapid monitoring of vegetation cover with precision has always been a challenge for maintaining a... more Rapid monitoring of vegetation cover with precision has always been a challenge for maintaining accuracy over a large area. Remote Sensing (RS) based satellite imagery has significantly contributed in monitoring vegetation and land cover categorization. As the vegetation has a close relationship with detachment of soil and its sedimentation, regular monitoring of vegetation is essential especially in the catchment area of dams and reservoirs. In this study, vegetation maps were prepared through imaging processing of satellite imageries. With the help of Vegetation Index (VI) based maps, we were able to study the vegetation phenology in the watershed. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were obtained using the spectral bands of Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2 A satellite data. The classes were made in accordance to no vegetation cover ( 0.4). The area under each category was calculated with vector files...
Soil loss by water erosion is a common type of land degradation issue in the hilly regions of the... more Soil loss by water erosion is a common type of land degradation issue in the hilly regions of the world. The present study investigates the soil erosion risk due to change in Land Use Land Cover (LULC) brought in by the construction of dam in a hilly watershed of the River Urmodi embracing Kaas Plateau, a world heritage site. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model was used with change detection analysis for soil erosion estimation. Thematic layers required for the computation of factors required in RUSLE were gathered using remote sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Science techniques. The changes in LULC affect the soil erosion phenomena and therefore, the present study analyzes drastic alteration in the hydrological nature of the watershed brought by the construction of reservoir through damming the Urmodi River. For assessment of the impact of the dam we have used RS data with 30 m spatial resolution, which includes Digital Elevation Model and Landsat TM and...
Ecological equilibrium of upland rangeland is guaranteed by the conserving of vegetation structur... more Ecological equilibrium of upland rangeland is guaranteed by the conserving of vegetation structures which save an ecosystem from erosion. A range ecosystem can be safe with good condition of plant diversity and richness as symbols of ecosystem balancing. In this research, therefore, two aspects of northwest and northeast rangland from the highest uplands of mountain watersheds in northern Alborz [Javaherdeh - Ramsar] of Iran were selected. Vegetation status of rangeland habitats and soil erosion has been evaluated in two types of shrubland and grassland by the Daubenmire and the PSIAC methods. In order to determine the influence of plant diversity and richness on soil erosion and rangeland conditions, the data has been analyzed using multi regression technique and the mean between the two habitats have been compared using the T-test method using the SPSS software. The results showed that both grassland and shrubland habitats have not only had poor conditions but also much soil erosi...
This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climat... more This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climate Change (SLACC) project in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh States of India during the period of 2014-2019 by World Bank and National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) under the supervision of Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India. The main objective of the SLACC project was to improve the adaptive capacity of the rural poor to climate variability and change affecting farm-based livelihoods, through community-based interventions. This paper primarily focuses on implementation process of the SLACC project its outcome. For this purpose, authors tried to understand the role of stakeholders in the climate change adaptation process, climate resilient interventions development, dissemination and implementation of interventions, involvement of communities, small and marginal farmers and other vulnerable groups from communities, the role of Non-Governmental Organizations (onwards NGO) and Self Help Groups (onwards SHG) and capacity development programs for line department officers and farmers. This project has demonstrated outstanding results in some key areas that helped resource poor farmers to cope-up the climate change. At large scale this project has developed the enormous potential to fulfill sustainable development goals. The implementation of SLACC project in other states with local stakeholders can be fruitful to reduce the climate change impact by improving the adaptive capacity of resource poor communities.
The Palgrave Handbook of Socio-ecological Resilience in the Face of Climate Change, 2023
This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climat... more This paper illustrates the implementation of the Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climate Change (SLACC) project in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh States of India during the period of 2014-2019 by World Bank and National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) under the supervision of Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India. The main objective of the SLACC project was to improve the adaptive capacity of the rural poor to climate variability and change affecting farm-based livelihoods, through community-based interventions. This paper primarily focuses on implementation process of the SLACC project its outcome. For this purpose, authors tried to understand the role of stakeholders in the climate change adaptation process, climate resilient interventions development, dissemination and implementation of interventions, involvement of communities, small and marginal farmers and other vulnerable groups from communities, the role of Non-Governmental Organizations (onwards NGO) and Self Help Groups (onwards SHG) and capacity development programs for line department officers and farmers. This project has demonstrated outstanding results in some key areas that helped resource poor farmers to cope-up the climate change. At large scale this project has developed the enormous potential to fulfill sustainable development goals. The implementation of SLACC project in other states with local stakeholders can be fruitful to reduce the climate change impact by improving the adaptive capacity of resource poor communities.
The current study was focused to assess the sediment contamination of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, P... more The current study was focused to assess the sediment contamination of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ti) collected from Ujani Reservoir, a tributary of Krishna River located in the industrialized region of Solapur District, Maharashtra. Samples were detected to check the potential contamination status and analyze the degree of usability of the water for domestic purposes. Assessment of seasonal variations of the metal concentrations in the sediments during the pre- monsoon and post-monsoon months showed no significant difference. Sediment contamination was calculated on the basis of Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Potential Ecological Risk Index/ (PERI). The results analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirm that Chromium (Cr) and Mercury (Hg) were the major contaminants in the river which indicates direct input of wastes from agriculture and petroleum industries. The outcomes of the results demonstrated that the...
Sampling was carried out during October 2008, with a view to understand the source of nitrate ion... more Sampling was carried out during October 2008, with a view to understand the source of nitrate ions in the groundwater of Budgam District. Eleven sampling sites were selected and samples were taken for a baseline study and overall physico-chemical characteristics were studied. Results showed that NO3− concentration ranged from 7.4 mg/L to 9.8 mg/L with an average of 8.2 mg/L. All the samples collected were having nitrate concentrations below than 50 mg/L, the maximum acceptable nitrate concentration for drinking water. Presence of nitrate in Ground waters can be attributed to anthropogenic impact as NO-3 that enters the water systems originates as NO-3 in animal wastes or fertilizers applied to the land surface. These are designated as direct nitrate sources. In other cases, NO-3 originates by conversion of organic nitrogen or NH+4, which occur naturally or are introduced to the soil zone by man’s activities. There is a narrow spatial variation in the nitrate concentration in the groundwater, lowest concentrations of nitrate were found at site 7 while the highest concentrations were found at site 5. Nitrate water pollution is very hazardous to humans. The best-known health problem arising from nitrate consumption is methemoglobinemia, a fatal disease characterized by cyanosis.
The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses, 2009
Abstract The siltation rate in the Lake Wular, one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia, show... more Abstract The siltation rate in the Lake Wular, one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia, shows abnormality in space and time, as evidenced from the preliminary geological survey of its catchment. The Panjal traps and limestones (with scanty intercalations of black ...
Geographical conditions and limitation of the resources around Mayureshwar Wildlife Sanctuary hav... more Geographical conditions and limitation of the resources around Mayureshwar Wildlife Sanctuary have become a rationale for the local communities to extract the forest resources to fulfill their basic requirements. This dependence directed to the exploitation of the natural resources that will serve the menace for the wildlife as well as future reliant. Therefore the main objective is to collect and analyze the local views on awareness based conservation approaches and management linked with development practices. The result specified the lack of awareness among the respondents related to park values and benefits for long term sustainability. Further analysis was done to illustrate the local’s perception to resolve conflict issues, practices for development that are being supposed as a tool to attain the positive opinion for long term participation of locals. Educational status among the genders and negative attitude for park resources and authorities represented the limitations for t...
Chapter 16 TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF BIODIVERSITY IN INDIA'S COLD DESERT K. Chandrasekha... more Chapter 16 TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF BIODIVERSITY IN INDIA'S COLD DESERT K. Chandrasekhar1, R. Gavali, KS Rao2, RK Maikhuri3, and KG Saxena1 1School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India, eamil saxena2002in@ yahoo. com:^ Sustainable Development and Rural Ecosystems Programme, GB Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263643, India: 3Garhwal Unit, GB Pant Institute of Himalyan Environment and Development, PO. Box 92, Srinagar ( ...
Proceedings of Taal2007: The 12th World Lake Conference, 2007
Tourism or ecotourism is inherent desire of human beings, which developed with the progress of hu... more Tourism or ecotourism is inherent desire of human beings, which developed with the progress of human civilization. Every man on this planet earth is very fond of tourism, hence always attracted towards nature. The mountains, hills, valleys, oceans, rivers, lakes, islands, waterfalls, forests, wild animals, birds, butterflies etc. have become important attractions for the ecotourists. The improved standard of life and economic status of middle class society has brought ecotourism within their reach. At present there is pressing ...
英文摘要 Iran, as a developing country has been facing rapid growth in the energy demanding sectors a... more 英文摘要 Iran, as a developing country has been facing rapid growth in the energy demanding sectors and needs to achieve essential elements of sustainable development. Environmental impact assessment of factories which emit hazardous gases such as HF would promise a fruitful future to achieve sustainable development. This study reveals an environmental impact assessment that has been carried out for an Aluminum Complex to be located in south of Iran. Application of Gaussian model showed that the highest ...
Aquatic Macrophytic species were studied in three lakes of Jhansi, Bundelkhand region namely Burw... more Aquatic Macrophytic species were studied in three lakes of Jhansi, Bundelkhand region namely Burwa sagar, Atyatal, Laxmital (24 o 11´ and 25 o 57´ N latitude and 78 o 10´ and 79 o 25´ longitude). The present investigation was undertaken in June 2006, deals with distribution characters of macrophytes in the studied wetland ecosystems. Overall 10 species belonging to 9 families were recorded from the lakes. Atyatal was having maximum number of 9 species followed by 5 species in Laxmital and three in Barwasagar. The frequency values evaluated for various species were: 0.84 for Eichhornia crassipes; 0.72 for Ipomea aquatica; 0.53 for Elatina triandra; 0.26 for Potamogeton pectinatus and 0.28 Amaranthus virdis. The maximum values for density were recorded for Eichhornia crassipes (0.47), Ipomea aquatica (0.47), and Potamogeton pectinatus (0.47) all from Atyatal whilst mimimum density values were recorded for Potamogeton pectinatus (0.05) from Barwasagar .The maximum contribution to IVI (Importance Value Index) was recorded from Burwasagar for the species like Ipomea aquatica (111.96), Eichornia crassipes (99.56) and lowest values were recorded from Atyatal for the Species like Parthenium hystrophorus (21.96) and Phalaris arundinaceae
Dal Lake (Lat. 340–6'N, 740-45'E, alt. 1583m) situated in the heart of Srinagar city, t... more Dal Lake (Lat. 340–6'N, 740-45'E, alt. 1583m) situated in the heart of Srinagar city, the summer capital of Jammu Kashmir State is under tremendous anthropogenic pressure. The myriad is ways in which people use the lake along with the numerous pollutant generating activities have stressed the lake ecosystem in diverse ways. Despite the fact that a number of restoration and conservation plans prepared by National and International agencies and implemented by state authorities, there is no significant improvement in Dal ...
... Vidyasagar PB, Gade WN ... The international conference Biology Beyond Borders (BBB10) at P... more ... Vidyasagar PB, Gade WN ... The international conference Biology Beyond Borders (BBB10) at Pune University, Pune, MS, India from 4-5 March, 2010 was jointly organized by Department of Physics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of ...
Clearing of forests for settlements, agriculture, industries and for communication purposes has d... more Clearing of forests for settlements, agriculture, industries and for communication purposes has done irreparable damage to the natural system. In particular, many wild species including birds are adversely affected by human induced changes in land use. Even though wi conservation is practiced according to Protection Act, 1953, Great Indian Bustard (GIB) has been hunted indiscriminately for years. It is reported that the population of GIB at GIB Sanctuary / Jawaharlal Nehru Bustard Sanctuary (Nannaj) was 40 in 1989, whereas it is 9 in 2010. Declining population of GIB the “globall endangered” species is because of hunting, continuing agricultural development and loss of habitats. The paper presents application of remote sensing and GIS technique for Habitat Suitability Modeling for the GIB in Solapur District. Four tehsils viz. Karmala, Madha, Mohol and N.Solapur are considered in this study. Locations for habitats of GIB are located using GPS points. Landuse/land cover, soil, altitu...
Rapid monitoring of vegetation cover with precision has always been a challenge for maintaining a... more Rapid monitoring of vegetation cover with precision has always been a challenge for maintaining accuracy over a large area. Remote Sensing (RS) based satellite imagery has significantly contributed in monitoring vegetation and land cover categorization. As the vegetation has a close relationship with detachment of soil and its sedimentation, regular monitoring of vegetation is essential especially in the catchment area of dams and reservoirs. In this study, vegetation maps were prepared through imaging processing of satellite imageries. With the help of Vegetation Index (VI) based maps, we were able to study the vegetation phenology in the watershed. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were obtained using the spectral bands of Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2 A satellite data. The classes were made in accordance to no vegetation cover ( 0.4). The area under each category was calculated with vector files...
Soil loss by water erosion is a common type of land degradation issue in the hilly regions of the... more Soil loss by water erosion is a common type of land degradation issue in the hilly regions of the world. The present study investigates the soil erosion risk due to change in Land Use Land Cover (LULC) brought in by the construction of dam in a hilly watershed of the River Urmodi embracing Kaas Plateau, a world heritage site. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model was used with change detection analysis for soil erosion estimation. Thematic layers required for the computation of factors required in RUSLE were gathered using remote sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Science techniques. The changes in LULC affect the soil erosion phenomena and therefore, the present study analyzes drastic alteration in the hydrological nature of the watershed brought by the construction of reservoir through damming the Urmodi River. For assessment of the impact of the dam we have used RS data with 30 m spatial resolution, which includes Digital Elevation Model and Landsat TM and...
Ecological equilibrium of upland rangeland is guaranteed by the conserving of vegetation structur... more Ecological equilibrium of upland rangeland is guaranteed by the conserving of vegetation structures which save an ecosystem from erosion. A range ecosystem can be safe with good condition of plant diversity and richness as symbols of ecosystem balancing. In this research, therefore, two aspects of northwest and northeast rangland from the highest uplands of mountain watersheds in northern Alborz [Javaherdeh - Ramsar] of Iran were selected. Vegetation status of rangeland habitats and soil erosion has been evaluated in two types of shrubland and grassland by the Daubenmire and the PSIAC methods. In order to determine the influence of plant diversity and richness on soil erosion and rangeland conditions, the data has been analyzed using multi regression technique and the mean between the two habitats have been compared using the T-test method using the SPSS software. The results showed that both grassland and shrubland habitats have not only had poor conditions but also much soil erosi...
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has projected the mean global mean temperatu... more The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has projected the mean global mean temperatures to rise by 2 to 4°C by the end of the 21st century, which resulted in the change of monsoon and extreme weather pattern, that would impact agriculture significantly. More frequent and intense cyclones, droughts, floods and the heat wave underline this trend. Climate Change is new and significant challenge to agriculture. The agriculture dependent rural population are most vulnerable to these challenges, of which majority of them are poor as 86 percent of the farmers own 2 acres/ less land. The yield and income of the small and marginal farmers, especially the rain fed type is at risk, for which many remedial strategies are indicated.
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