Nils Jäger is Assistant Professor in Digital Technologies and Architecture at University of Nottingham, United Kingdom. He investigates the inhabitation of adaptive architecture through experimental research and cross-disciplinary theoretical engagement. His research involves both quantitative and qualitative analysis and sits at the intersection of Architecture, Human-Computer Interaction, and Psychology. Nils has published his research in journals, book chapters, conferences, and magazines. He has presented his research in international conferences and as invited guest speaker. Supervisors: David Kirk, Jonathan Hale, and Holger Schnädelbach Address: Nottingham, United Kingdom
Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms suc... more Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms such as the Smart City, the Smart Home, or the Internet of Things. The introduction of digital technology enables environments to respond to data gathered from many of our behaviours. A growing field of architectural design and research focuses on kinetic responses to inhabitant behaviour. However, the specific modes of interaction as well as the effects of such environmental responses on their inhabitants are currently underexplored. Using a literature-based approach, we argue that because such digitally augmented environments respond to bodily behaviours of their inhabitants, one important dimension of investigation is the embodied relationship between the architectural space and its occupant. One perspective that offers insight into this relationship is the so-called enactive approach to cognition, describing mutual influences between inhabitant and environment, which can create autonomo...
This thesis argues for an enactive embodied approach to understanding in- teractions with Adaptiv... more This thesis argues for an enactive embodied approach to understanding in- teractions with Adaptive Architecture. The growing interest in Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing, including the current trends of wearable, sensor infused technology, shows the inevitable confluence of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Architecture. Specifi- cally, the availability of real-time physiological data allows environments to respond directly to the bodily behaviours of their users. This creates an in- teraction cycle or loop, which temporarily couples architectural environ- ment and human body. One instantiation of such an interaction loop are so called biofeedback environments, which reflect an inhabitant's physiological behaviour back to the inhabitant. Very few such environments exist, little empirical research has been done regarding their effects on inhabitants, and none have specifically engaged with, appropriated, and discussed the concept of enacted embodiment in this context so far,...
The large-scale introduction of computing technologies into buildings has made architecture adapt... more The large-scale introduction of computing technologies into buildings has made architecture adaptive to its environment and its inhabitants. Systems of sensors, actuators and software have changed the way we live in such buildings, how we interact with architecture and with each other. Living with Adaptive Architecture brings together projects and artistic explorations from across the Midlands and the UK to reveal the directions in which the field is currently expanding. Through full-scale interactive prototypes, videos and architectural models, visitors will be able to explore the links between different strands of cutting-edge research.
Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms suc... more Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms such as the Smart City, the Smart Home, or the Internet of Things. The introduction of digital technology enables environments to respond to data gathered from many of our behaviours. A growing field of architectural design and research focuses on kinetic responses to inhabitant behaviour. However, the specific modes of interaction as well as the effects of such environmental responses on their inhabitants are currently underexplored. Using a literature-based approach, we argue that because such digitally augmented environments respond to bodily behaviours of their inhabitants, one important dimension of investigation is the embodied relationship between the architectural space and its occupant. One perspective that offers insight into this relationship is the so called enactive approach to cognition, describing mutual influences between inhabitant and environment, which can create autonomo...
Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interactive mirrors, typically combining semi-transparent mirrors, digital screens and interactio... more Interactive mirrors, typically combining semi-transparent mirrors, digital screens and interaction mechanisms have been developed for a variety of application areas. Drawing on existing techniques to create interactive mirror spaces, we investigated their performative qualities through artistic discovery and collaborative prototyping. We document a linked set of design explorations and two public, site-specific experiences that brought together artists, communities, and HCI researchers. We illustrate the abstracted interactive mirror space that practitioners in the performance art, theatre and museum sectors can work with. In turn, we also discuss six performative design strategies concerning the use of physical context, movement and narrative that HCI researchers who wish to deploy interactive mirrors in more mainstream settings need to consider.
Interaction design is increasingly about embedding interactive technologies in our built environm... more Interaction design is increasingly about embedding interactive technologies in our built environment; architecture is increasingly about the use of interactive technologies to reimagine and dynamically repurpose our built environment. This forum focuses on this intersection of interaction and architecture. --- Mikael Wiberg, Editor
We spend most of our lives in buildings where we interact with people that occupy the same space.... more We spend most of our lives in buildings where we interact with people that occupy the same space. A common and intuitive form of interaction with others is to synchronise our own behaviour with theirs, and such interpersonal synchrony can have various benefits for our wellbeing. We present research that investigates how a new prototype of digitally-driven adaptive architecture called WABI facilitates behavioural synchrony between its inhabitants. We designed three interaction modes that each feature a unique mapping and processing of physiological data emanating from inhabitants. Qualitative feedback from a first exploratory study indicates that the different interaction modes affect how inhabitants interact and synchronise their behaviours. We discuss how adaptive architecture might contribute to wellbeing, therapy, and sports by facilitating synchrony.
We discuss increasingly behaviour-responsive adaptive architecture from an embodied point of view... more We discuss increasingly behaviour-responsive adaptive architecture from an embodied point of view. Especially useful in this context is an understanding of embodied cognition called ‘the 4E approach,’ which includes embodied, extended, embedded, and enacted perspectives on embodiment. We argue that these four characteristics of cognition both apply to and explain the bodily interactions between inhabitants and their adaptive environments. However, a new class of adaptive environments now expands this notion of embodied interactions by introducing environment-initiated behaviours, in addition to purely responsive behaviours. Thus, we consider how these new environments add the dimension of bodily reciprocity to Adaptive Architecture.
We introduce the concept of inter-bodily resonance to the field of Adaptive Architecture. This is... more We introduce the concept of inter-bodily resonance to the field of Adaptive Architecture. This is a model of real-time bodily interaction we believe offers many opportunities for both designing and understanding user experience and interactions of new and existing Adaptive Architecture. We briefly review bodily interactions in adaptive architectural projects, describe the concept of inter-bodily resonance in the context of adaptive architecture, and highlight challenges of applying inter-bodily resonance to adaptive architecture designs.
2013 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS): Social Implications of Wearable Computing and Augmediated Reality in Everyday Life, 2013
This paper undertakes an analysis of the “smart school” as a building that both senses and manage... more This paper undertakes an analysis of the “smart school” as a building that both senses and manages bodies through sensory data. The authors argue that smart schools produce a situation of ubiquitous sensation in which learning environments are continuously sensed, regulated, and controlled through complex sensory ecosystems and data infrastructures. This includes the consideration of ethical and political issues associated with the collection of biometric and environmental data in schools and the implications for the design and operation of learning environments which are increasingly regulated through decentralized sensor networks. Working through a relational and adaptive theory of architecture, the authors explore ways of intervening in smart schools through the reconceptualization of sensor technologies as “atmospheric media” that operate within a distributed ecology of sensation that exceeds the limited bandwidth of the human senses. Drawing on recent projects in contemporary a...
Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms suc... more Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms such as the Smart City, the Smart Home, or the Internet of Things. The introduction of digital technology enables environments to respond to data gathered from many of our behaviours. A growing field of architectural design and research focuses on kinetic responses to inhabitant behaviour. However, the specific modes of interaction as well as the effects of such environmental responses on their inhabitants are currently underexplored. Using a literature-based approach, we argue that because such digitally augmented environments respond to bodily behaviours of their inhabitants, one important dimension of investigation is the embodied relationship between the architectural space and its occupant. One perspective that offers insight into this relationship is the so-called enactive approach to cognition, describing mutual influences between inhabitant and environment, which can create autonomo...
This thesis argues for an enactive embodied approach to understanding in- teractions with Adaptiv... more This thesis argues for an enactive embodied approach to understanding in- teractions with Adaptive Architecture. The growing interest in Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing, including the current trends of wearable, sensor infused technology, shows the inevitable confluence of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Architecture. Specifi- cally, the availability of real-time physiological data allows environments to respond directly to the bodily behaviours of their users. This creates an in- teraction cycle or loop, which temporarily couples architectural environ- ment and human body. One instantiation of such an interaction loop are so called biofeedback environments, which reflect an inhabitant's physiological behaviour back to the inhabitant. Very few such environments exist, little empirical research has been done regarding their effects on inhabitants, and none have specifically engaged with, appropriated, and discussed the concept of enacted embodiment in this context so far,...
The large-scale introduction of computing technologies into buildings has made architecture adapt... more The large-scale introduction of computing technologies into buildings has made architecture adaptive to its environment and its inhabitants. Systems of sensors, actuators and software have changed the way we live in such buildings, how we interact with architecture and with each other. Living with Adaptive Architecture brings together projects and artistic explorations from across the Midlands and the UK to reveal the directions in which the field is currently expanding. Through full-scale interactive prototypes, videos and architectural models, visitors will be able to explore the links between different strands of cutting-edge research.
Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms suc... more Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms such as the Smart City, the Smart Home, or the Internet of Things. The introduction of digital technology enables environments to respond to data gathered from many of our behaviours. A growing field of architectural design and research focuses on kinetic responses to inhabitant behaviour. However, the specific modes of interaction as well as the effects of such environmental responses on their inhabitants are currently underexplored. Using a literature-based approach, we argue that because such digitally augmented environments respond to bodily behaviours of their inhabitants, one important dimension of investigation is the embodied relationship between the architectural space and its occupant. One perspective that offers insight into this relationship is the so called enactive approach to cognition, describing mutual influences between inhabitant and environment, which can create autonomo...
Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interactive mirrors, typically combining semi-transparent mirrors, digital screens and interactio... more Interactive mirrors, typically combining semi-transparent mirrors, digital screens and interaction mechanisms have been developed for a variety of application areas. Drawing on existing techniques to create interactive mirror spaces, we investigated their performative qualities through artistic discovery and collaborative prototyping. We document a linked set of design explorations and two public, site-specific experiences that brought together artists, communities, and HCI researchers. We illustrate the abstracted interactive mirror space that practitioners in the performance art, theatre and museum sectors can work with. In turn, we also discuss six performative design strategies concerning the use of physical context, movement and narrative that HCI researchers who wish to deploy interactive mirrors in more mainstream settings need to consider.
Interaction design is increasingly about embedding interactive technologies in our built environm... more Interaction design is increasingly about embedding interactive technologies in our built environment; architecture is increasingly about the use of interactive technologies to reimagine and dynamically repurpose our built environment. This forum focuses on this intersection of interaction and architecture. --- Mikael Wiberg, Editor
We spend most of our lives in buildings where we interact with people that occupy the same space.... more We spend most of our lives in buildings where we interact with people that occupy the same space. A common and intuitive form of interaction with others is to synchronise our own behaviour with theirs, and such interpersonal synchrony can have various benefits for our wellbeing. We present research that investigates how a new prototype of digitally-driven adaptive architecture called WABI facilitates behavioural synchrony between its inhabitants. We designed three interaction modes that each feature a unique mapping and processing of physiological data emanating from inhabitants. Qualitative feedback from a first exploratory study indicates that the different interaction modes affect how inhabitants interact and synchronise their behaviours. We discuss how adaptive architecture might contribute to wellbeing, therapy, and sports by facilitating synchrony.
We discuss increasingly behaviour-responsive adaptive architecture from an embodied point of view... more We discuss increasingly behaviour-responsive adaptive architecture from an embodied point of view. Especially useful in this context is an understanding of embodied cognition called ‘the 4E approach,’ which includes embodied, extended, embedded, and enacted perspectives on embodiment. We argue that these four characteristics of cognition both apply to and explain the bodily interactions between inhabitants and their adaptive environments. However, a new class of adaptive environments now expands this notion of embodied interactions by introducing environment-initiated behaviours, in addition to purely responsive behaviours. Thus, we consider how these new environments add the dimension of bodily reciprocity to Adaptive Architecture.
We introduce the concept of inter-bodily resonance to the field of Adaptive Architecture. This is... more We introduce the concept of inter-bodily resonance to the field of Adaptive Architecture. This is a model of real-time bodily interaction we believe offers many opportunities for both designing and understanding user experience and interactions of new and existing Adaptive Architecture. We briefly review bodily interactions in adaptive architectural projects, describe the concept of inter-bodily resonance in the context of adaptive architecture, and highlight challenges of applying inter-bodily resonance to adaptive architecture designs.
2013 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS): Social Implications of Wearable Computing and Augmediated Reality in Everyday Life, 2013
This paper undertakes an analysis of the “smart school” as a building that both senses and manage... more This paper undertakes an analysis of the “smart school” as a building that both senses and manages bodies through sensory data. The authors argue that smart schools produce a situation of ubiquitous sensation in which learning environments are continuously sensed, regulated, and controlled through complex sensory ecosystems and data infrastructures. This includes the consideration of ethical and political issues associated with the collection of biometric and environmental data in schools and the implications for the design and operation of learning environments which are increasingly regulated through decentralized sensor networks. Working through a relational and adaptive theory of architecture, the authors explore ways of intervening in smart schools through the reconceptualization of sensor technologies as “atmospheric media” that operate within a distributed ecology of sensation that exceeds the limited bandwidth of the human senses. Drawing on recent projects in contemporary a...
Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), 2019
Via sensors carried by people and sensors embedded in the environment, personal data is being pro... more Via sensors carried by people and sensors embedded in the environment, personal data is being processed to try to understand activity patterns and people{\textquoteright}s internal states in the context of human-building interaction. This data is used to actuate adaptive buildings to make them more comfortable, convenient, accessible or information rich. In a series of envisioning workshops, we queried the future relationships between people, personal data and the built environment, when there are no technical limits to the availability of personal data to buildings. Our analysis of created designs and user experience fictions allows us to describe the important design space for adaptive architecture that draws on personal data, and we put this into context with the European privacy legislation of the GDPR. We illustrate the emerging tensions in the temporal, spatial and inhabitation-related relationships of personal data and adaptive buildings to underpin the design of future adaptive architecture.
Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms suc... more Our life is becoming increasingly computerised at nearly all scales, a trend evident in terms such as the Smart City, the Smart Home, or the Internet of Things.The introduction of digital technology enables environments to respond to data gathered from many of our behaviours. A growing eld of architectural design and research focuses on kinetic responses to inhabitant behaviour. However, the speci c modes of interaction as well as the effects of such environ- mental responses on their inhabitants are currently underexplored. Using a literature-based approach, we argue that because such digitally augmented environments respond to bodily behaviours of their inhabitants, one important dimension of investigation is the embodied relationship between the architectural space and its occupant. One perspective that offers insight into this relationship is the so-called enactive approach to cognition, describing mutu- al in uences between inhabitant and environment, which can create autonomous behaviour dynamics. Understanding the enacted relationship between inhabitants and environment will help architects create kinetically responsive environments that bene t their inhabitants physi- ologically and psychologically.The paper concludes with an overview of our lab-based research already conducted and current investigations.
ABSTRACT This paper explores the role of immersion in the generation of specific interactive effe... more ABSTRACT This paper explores the role of immersion in the generation of specific interactive effects, within the context of the emerging research field of Adaptive Architecture. Drawing on an existing biofeedback-driven prototype that links a person’s respiration to the form of their environment, the study presented here compared an immersive condition with a non-immersive condition to capture differences in participant experiences. The immersive condition afforded the majority of participants a relaxed, embodied experience, whereas the non-immersive condition left people unconnected. The study did not surface statistically significant differences in participants’ physiological responses between the two conditions. The study findings contribute to the understanding of our relationship with adaptive environments, underpinned by pervasive computing technologies, as they emerge in the Arts and Architecture.
\textcopyright} 2016, The Author(s). Both breathing and internal self-awareness are an integral p... more \textcopyright} 2016, The Author(s). Both breathing and internal self-awareness are an integral part of any yoga practice. We describe and discuss the development of ExoPranayama, an actuated environment that physically manifests users' breathing in yoga. Through a series of trials with yoga practitioners and expert teachers, we explore its role in the practice of yoga. Our interview results reveal that biofeedback through the environment supported teaching and improved self-awareness, but it impacted group cohesion. Two practical uses of the technology emerged for supporting breath control in yoga: (1) biofeedback can provide new information about users' current internal states; (2) machine-driven feedback provides users with a future state or goal and leads to improved cohesiveness.
\textcopyright} The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The British Co... more \textcopyright} The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The British Computer Society. Computing has become an established part of the built environment augmenting it to become adaptive. We generally assume that we control the adaptive environments we inhabit. Using an existing adaptive environment prototype, we conducted a controlled study testing how the reversal of control (where the environment attempts to influence the behaviour of the inhabitant) would affect participants. Most participants changed their respiratory behaviour in accordance with this environmental manipulation. Behavioural change occurred either consciously or unconsciously. We explain the two different paths leading participants to behavioural change: (i) we adapt the model of interbodily resonance, a process of bodily interaction observable between, for example, partners engaged in verbal dialogue, to describe the unconscious bodily response to subtle changes in the environment and (ii) we apply the model of secondary control, an adjustment of one's own expectations to maintain the pretence of control, to describe conscious cognitive adaptation to the changing environment. We also discuss potential applications of our findings in therapeutic and other settings.
International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 2019
In this paper, we explore the regulatory, technical and interactional implications of Adaptive Ar... more In this paper, we explore the regulatory, technical and interactional implications of Adaptive Architecture (AA) and how it will recalibrate the nature of human-building interaction. We comprehensively unpack the emergence and history of this novel concept, reflecting on the current state of the art and policy foundations supporting it. As AA is underpinned by the Internet of Things (IoT), we consider how regulatory and surveillance issues posed by the IoT are manifesting in the built environment. In our analysis, we utilise a prominent architectural model, Stuart Brand’s Shearing Layers, to understand temporal change and informational flows across different physical layers of a building. We use three AA applications to situate our analysis, namely a smart IoT security camera; an AA research prototype; and an AA commercial deployment. Focusing on emerging information privacy and security regulations, particularly the EU General Data Protection Regulation 2016, we examine AA from 5 perspectives: physical & information security risks; challenges of establishing responsibility; enabling occupant rights over flows, collection, use & control of personal data; addressing increased visibility of emotions and bodies; understanding surveillance of everyday routine activities. We conclude with key challenges for AA regulation and the future of human–building interaction.
Interactive mirrors, typically combining semi-transparent mirrors, digital screens and interactio... more Interactive mirrors, typically combining semi-transparent mirrors, digital screens and interaction mechanisms have been developed for a variety of application areas. Drawing on existing techniques to create interactive mirror spaces, we investigated their performative qualities through artistic discovery and collaborative prototyping. We document a linked set of design explorations and two public, site-specific experiences that brought together artists, communities, and HCI researchers. We illustrate the abstracted interactive mirror space that practitioners in the performance art, theatre and museum sectors can work with. In turn, we also discuss six performative design strategies concerning the use of physical context, movement and narrative that HCI researchers who wish to deploy interactive mirrors in more mainstream settings need to consider. CCS CONCEPTS • Applied computing{\~{}}Performing arts • Human-centered computing{\~{}}Mixed / augmented reality This paper presents a process of artistic activity and HCI research that integrates and extends existing techniques for designing interactive mirrors with narrative and performance strategies, exploring the design opportunities within the 'performative mirror space'-described here as a theatrical space that exists in front of and inside a mirrors' reflection. Through the design of a series of collaborative, public interactive experiences, a diverse team of researchers and communities led by two artists in the UK and Brazil have come together to explore the opportunities and challenges for designing interactive mirror experiences from an artistic perspective. The underlying Invisible project follows in the footsteps of similar work that brings together artistic process and HCI research over the last 20 years [1, 2, 3]. Invisible followed two interwoven threads: 1) A research process of building a series of interactive mirror prototypes, that we describe here as the 'performative mirror space'. 2) Artistic experimentation inviting two communities to collaborate in the process of developing the 'mirror space' and building co-produced narratives created for this space. Building on existing knowledge of the 'combined space' within interactive mirrors [4] we explored how interactions can occur in front of and within the reflection of an interactive mirror to create a unique environment for the type of performative, playful and theatrical interactions developed by the artists and communities taking part. In this paper we provide a detailed description of an exemplar, practice-focused exploration of how the performative mirror space can be developed to create collaborative, narrative based mixed reality performances. This leads us to make two contributions aimed at two audiences: 1) A grounded illustration of the abstracted, interactive mirror space, which 'sets the stage' for performance, most relevant for practitioners creating performative interactive mirror experiences in *
We discuss increasingly behaviour-responsive adaptive architecture from an embodied point of view... more We discuss increasingly behaviour-responsive adaptive architecture from an embodied point of view. Especially useful in this context is an understanding of embodied cognition called 'the 4E approach,' which includes embodied, extended, embedded, and enacted perspectives on embodiment. We argue that these four characteristics of cognition both apply to and explain the bodily interactions between inhabitants and their adaptive environments. However, a new class of adap-tive environments now expands this notion of embodied interactions by introducing environment-initiated behaviours, in addition to purely responsive behaviours. Thus, we consider how these new environments add the dimension of bodily reciprocity to Adaptive Architecture.
We spend most of our lives in buildings where we interact with people that occupy the same space.... more We spend most of our lives in buildings where we interact with people that occupy the same space. A common and intuitive form of interaction with others is to synchronise our own behaviour with theirs, and such interpersonal synchrony can have various benefits for our wellbeing. We present research that investigates how a new prototype of digitally-driven adaptive architecture called WABI facilitates behavioural synchrony between its inhabitants. We designed three interaction modes that each feature a unique mapping and processing of physiological data emanating from inhabitants. Qualitative feedback from a first exploratory study indicates that the different interaction modes affect how inhabitants interact and synchronise their behaviours. We discuss how adaptive architecture might contribute to wellbeing, therapy, and sports by facilitating synchrony.
This thesis argues for an enactive embodied approach to understanding interactions with Adaptive ... more This thesis argues for an enactive embodied approach to understanding interactions with Adaptive Architecture. The growing interest in Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing, including the current trends of wearable, sensor infused technology, shows the inevitable confluence of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Architecture. Specifically, the availability of real-time physiological data allows environments to respond directly to the bodily behaviours of their users. This creates an interaction cycle or loop, which temporarily couples architectural environment and human body. One instantiation of such an interaction loop are so called biofeedback environments, which reflect an inhabitant's physiological behaviour back to the inhabitant. Very few such environments exist, little empirical research has been done regarding their effects on inhabitants, and none have specifically engaged with, appropriated, and discussed the concept of enacted embodiment in this context so far, especially regarding multi-occupancy. To investigate enacted embodied interactions with adaptive environments I use a three-tiered, mixed-method approach. In an in-depth, quantitative study of an existing prototype (ExoBuilding) I first investigated the enacted control-relationship between environment and an individual inhabitant. I found that, by manipulating the control relationship between the biofeedback environment and its occupant, the environment can actively influence the physiological behaviour of its inhabitant, which in this case was respiration rate. The reasons why participants changed their behaviour after having lost practical control over the interaction were found to either be a pre- cognitive bodily interaction with the environment or to be an intentional synchronising with the changing environment in order to maintain cognitive control of the situation. Secondly, these findings and interpretations lead to a research-based design of a new multi-inhabitant prototype environment allowing enacted embodied interactions between the inhabitants themselves and between them and the environment called WABI. While expandable, WABI currently envelopes two sections, each of which accommodates one inhabitant. Through further co-development of the software platform originally used for ExoBuilding, WABI can distribute biofeedback spatially to both its building sections in multiple ways. Thirdly, I investigated the effects of three feedback distribution modes on the two inhabitants of WABI in a qualitative exploratory study, which found that physiological synchrony is highest when the environment distributes real-time feedback such that participants are surrounded by their partner's phys- iology. I propose a model of triadic enacted embodiment that conceptualises the observed interactions between inhabitants and between them and WABI. This work makes three key contributions to HCI and Architecture. First, it provides empirical data to the limited existing knowledge of the effects of adaptive environments on their inhabitants. Specifically, it increases our un- derstanding of the control relationship between inhabitant and adaptive en- vironment. And for the first time it provides an insight into interpersonal physiological synchrony between inhabitants of adaptive environments. Secondly, this work adds a new class of adaptive environment that enables shared biofeedback between its inhabitants. And thirdly, the previous two contributions expand the existing concepts of embodiment, which so far have ignored the bodily relationship between inhabitants and adaptive envi- ronments.
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