The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, live... more The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, liver and muscles of thirty-five fishes, water and sediment samples from Aba River using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Heavy metal concentrations varied markedly among fish species and organs. Results revealed that Pb, Cr, Fe had maximum concentration levels of 0.63±0.01, 0.81±0.01 and 16.91 ± 0.20 mg/kg in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus respectively. As and Cd recorded the highest concentration of 0.18±0.03 and 0.87±0.02 mg/kg in Malapterurus electricus respectively, while Trachurus trachurus had 1.05±0.03 mg/kg of Cu. Orenchromis niloticus, Tilapia ziili and Malapterurus electricus had higher concentrations of As and Cr in the liver compared to gills and muscles. The gills had higher concentrations of these heavy metals than liver and muscles in the rest of fish species studied. The concentrations of Cd, Pb and As in freshwater samples were higher than the standard maximum permissible limit. The sediments had higher concentrations of these metals than in fish and water samples. Heavy metal concentrations in fish species exceeded the standard guideline limit in food substances for human consumption. Malapterurus electricus, Parachanna obscura and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus had bioaccumulation factors for Cd which ranged from 1.069-1.663, indicating potential Cd poisoning or contamination of the three fish species. The estimated daily intake in both adult and children ranged from 8.611 x 10-7 to 9.72 x 10-3 mg/kgbw/day and were within the standard limit of daily intake for the human population. The hazard quotient for adult and children populations ranged from 0.0041-1.3972 and 0.000287-0.2080 respectively. The hazard quotient was less than one in most of the metals except for iron, but hazard index was greater than one, indicating potential chronic health hazards. Incremental life cancer risk for the adult population was within safe limits.
The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, live... more The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, liver and muscles of thirty-five fishes, water and sediment samples from Aba River using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Heavy metal concentrations varied markedly among fish species and organs. Results revealed that Pb, Cr, Fe had maximum concentration levels of 0.63±0.01, 0.81±0.01 and 16.91 ± 0.20 mg/kg in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus respectively. As and Cd recorded the highest concentration of 0.18±0.03 and 0.87±0.02 mg/kg in Malapterurus electricus respectively, while Trachurus trachurus had 1.05±0.03 mg/kg of Cu. Orenchromis niloticus, Tilapia ziili and Malapterurus electricus had higher concentrations of As and Cr in the liver compared to gills and muscles. The gills had higher concentrations of these heavy metals than liver and muscles in the rest of fish species studied. The concentrations of Cd, Pb and As in freshwater samples were higher than the standard maximum permissible limit. The sediments had higher concentrations of these metals than in fish and water samples. Heavy metal concentrations in fish species exceeded the standard guideline limit in food substances for human consumption. Malapterurus electricus, Parachanna obscura and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus had bioaccumulation factors for Cd which ranged from 1.069-1.663, indicating potential Cd poisoning or contamination of the three fish species. The estimated daily intake in both adult and children ranged from 8.611 x 10-7 to 9.72 x 10-3 mg/kgbw/day and were within the standard limit of daily intake for the human population. The hazard quotient for adult and children populations ranged from 0.0041-1.3972 and 0.000287-0.2080 respectively. The hazard quotient was less than one in most of the metals except for iron, but hazard index was greater than one, indicating potential chronic health hazards. Incremental life cancer risk for the adult population was within safe limits.
Urban water supplied from treatment plants can constitute public health problems if poorly treate... more Urban water supplied from treatment plants can constitute public health problems if poorly treated or accidentally contaminated. Water quality and health risk assessment of water supplied from Lagos State water treatment plant was performed. Heavy metal concentration was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, As and Cr were within the standard maximum permissible limits for drinking water quality. The mean estimated daily intake through oral ingestion of drinking water for Pb,
Physicochemical parameters and heavy metal ions in soils within the vicinity of some mechanic wor... more Physicochemical parameters and heavy metal ions in soils within the vicinity of some mechanic workshops in Owerri metropolitan in Imo State were investigated. Soil samples were taken from mechanic workshops around Aba road, Orji and Avu. AOAC methods were used in the analysis of soil physicochemical parameters while heavy metals ions determination was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results obtained indicated a marked variation in the levels of physicochemical properties and heavy metal ion concentrations within locations and soil depth. Soil samples from Avu mechanic workshop had the highest level of Zn, Pb and Cu with mean concentrations of 26.79, 1.12 and 2.70 mg/kg respectively while soil samples from Orji had the least, with mean concentrations of 19.63, 0.05, 1.05, 0.77 and 9.46 mg/kg for Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd and Fe respectively. Soil samples from Aba road mechanic workshops recorded the highest mean values of 1.25 and 21.80 mg/kg for Cd and Fe ions respecti...
Communication in Physical Sciences 2020, 5(2): 210-222 Authors: Kelle Henrietta Ijeoma, Ogoko Eme... more Communication in Physical Sciences 2020, 5(2): 210-222 Authors: Kelle Henrietta Ijeoma, Ogoko Emeka Chima, Achem Daniel and Ousherovich Shola Ayotunde Received 29 April 2020/Accepted 26 May 2020 Rice is a major staple food in Nigeria and currently, the production capacity of the country cannot meet consumers; demand. Therefore, large quantities of rice are imported into the country without recourse to their heavy metal contents. Several research reports indicated that there is a likely possibility of heavy metal contamination of foreign rice and associated health hazards. Therefore, this study seeks to analyse foreign rice in Nigeria markets and identified their health implications. The result obtained indicated that mean concentrations of the heavy metal ions were Cd (0.0014 ± 0.00005 to 0.4322 ± 0.00005), Cr (0.0010 ± 0.00005 to 0.1080 ± 0.00005), As (0.0006 ± 0. 0001 to 0.1711 ± 0.0008), Ni (0.0007 ± 0.00001 to 0.8865 ± 0.00005), Hg (0.0024 ± 0.0001 to 0.0935 ± 0....
This study attempts to investigate the phytochemical composition, bioconcentration and transfer f... more This study attempts to investigate the phytochemical composition, bioconcentration and transfer factors of some selected edible vegetable consumed in Owerri metropolis (Imo State) Nigeria. The concentration of metals in different soils analyzed ranged from 1.65 ± 0.02 to 4.90 ± 0.03 mg/Kg Ni; 67.26 ± 0.74 to 137.87 ± 0.10 mg/Kg Zn; 3.11 ± 0.02 to 13.91 ± 0.02 mg/Kg Pb; 55.32 ± 0.32 to 85.68 ± 0.04 mg/Kg Cu; 2.73 ± 0.03 to 5.80 ± 0.10 mg/Kg Cd and 0.08 ± 0.01 to 0.18 ± 0.01 mg/Kg As. Geo-accumulation index used to established the extent of metal accumulation of the sample stations indicates contamination by cadmium. The levels of metals (Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, As) in the various leafy vegetables were within the recommended limits except for lead which was higher than recommended limits, with minimum and maximum values of 2.35 ± 0.18 mg/Kg and 3.03 ± 0.88 mg/Kg respectively. Results revealed that the vegetables investigated were good accumulator of lead, copper and arsenic with significa...
Communication in Physical Sciences 2020, 5(2): 210-222, 2020
Rice is a major staple food in Nigeria and currently, the production capacity of the country can... more Rice is a major staple food in Nigeria and currently, the production capacity of the country cannot meet consumers; demand. Therefore, large quantities of rice are imported into the country without recourse to their heavy metal contents. Several research reports indicated that there is a likely possibility of heavy metal contamination of foreign rice and associated health hazards. Therefore, this study seeks to analyse foreign rice in Nigeria markets and identified their health implications. The result obtained indicated that mean concentrations of the heavy metal ions were Cd (0.0014 ± 0.00005 to 0.4322 ± 0.00005), Cr (0.0010 ± 0.00005 to 0.1080 ± 0.00005), As (0.0006 ± 0. 0001 to 0.1711 ± 0.0008), Ni (0.0007 ± 0.00001 to 0.8865 ± 0.00005), Hg (0.0024 ± 0.0001 to 0.0935 ± 0.001), Cu (0.0052 ± 0.00001 to 0.3208 ± 0.00005), Pb (0.0047 ± 0.00001 to 0.3974 ± 0.00001). Most of the imported rice brands have mean concentration (mg/kg) of the heavy metals below their maximum permissible limit (MPL) as set by FAO/WHO and Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC). The hazard quotient (HQ) for the heavy metals in the imported rice brands range from 0.0006 (6 x 10^(-4)) to 5.0 while their hazard index (HI) range from 1.2 – 9.31. Most of the imported rice brands (62.5 %) and all the rice brands (100 %) had HQ and HI for the heavy metals greater than one respectively pointing to the, likelihood and high potential for non-carcinogenic risks. The cancer risk assessment value ranged from 8 x 10^(-6) to 1 x 10^(-3 )which suggest probability of cancer risks.
The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, live... more The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, liver and muscles of thirty-five fishes, water and sediment samples from Aba River using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Heavy metal concentrations varied markedly among fish species and organs. Results revealed that Pb, Cr, Fe had maximum concentration levels of 0.63±0.01, 0.81±0.01 and 16.91 ± 0.20 mg/kg in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus respectively. As and Cd recorded the highest concentration of 0.18±0.03 and 0.87±0.02 mg/kg in Malapterurus electricus respectively, while Trachurus trachurus had 1.05±0.03 mg/kg of Cu. Orenchromis niloticus, Tilapia ziili and Malapterurus electricus had higher concentrations of As and Cr in the liver compared to gills and muscles. The gills had higher concentrations of these heavy metals than liver and muscles in the rest of fish species studied. The concentrations of Cd, Pb and As in freshwater samples were higher than the standard maximum permissible limit. The sediments had higher concentrations of these metals than in fish and water samples. Heavy metal concentrations in fish species exceeded the standard guideline limit in food substances for human consumption. Malapterurus electricus, Parachanna obscura and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus had bioaccumulation factors for Cd which ranged from 1.069-1.663, indicating potential Cd poisoning or contamination of the three fish species. The estimated daily intake in both adult and children ranged from 8.611 x 10-7 to 9.72 x 10-3 mg/kgbw/day and were within the standard limit of daily intake for the human population. The hazard quotient for adult and children populations ranged from 0.0041-1.3972 and 0.000287-0.2080 respectively. The hazard quotient was less than one in most of the metals except for iron, but hazard index was greater than one, indicating potential chronic health hazards. Incremental life cancer risk for the adult population was within safe limits.
The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, live... more The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Cd and Fe) were determined in the gills, liver and muscles of thirty-five fishes, water and sediment samples from Aba River using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Heavy metal concentrations varied markedly among fish species and organs. Results revealed that Pb, Cr, Fe had maximum concentration levels of 0.63±0.01, 0.81±0.01 and 16.91 ± 0.20 mg/kg in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus respectively. As and Cd recorded the highest concentration of 0.18±0.03 and 0.87±0.02 mg/kg in Malapterurus electricus respectively, while Trachurus trachurus had 1.05±0.03 mg/kg of Cu. Orenchromis niloticus, Tilapia ziili and Malapterurus electricus had higher concentrations of As and Cr in the liver compared to gills and muscles. The gills had higher concentrations of these heavy metals than liver and muscles in the rest of fish species studied. The concentrations of Cd, Pb and As in freshwater samples were higher than the standard maximum permissible limit. The sediments had higher concentrations of these metals than in fish and water samples. Heavy metal concentrations in fish species exceeded the standard guideline limit in food substances for human consumption. Malapterurus electricus, Parachanna obscura and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus had bioaccumulation factors for Cd which ranged from 1.069-1.663, indicating potential Cd poisoning or contamination of the three fish species. The estimated daily intake in both adult and children ranged from 8.611 x 10-7 to 9.72 x 10-3 mg/kgbw/day and were within the standard limit of daily intake for the human population. The hazard quotient for adult and children populations ranged from 0.0041-1.3972 and 0.000287-0.2080 respectively. The hazard quotient was less than one in most of the metals except for iron, but hazard index was greater than one, indicating potential chronic health hazards. Incremental life cancer risk for the adult population was within safe limits.
Urban water supplied from treatment plants can constitute public health problems if poorly treate... more Urban water supplied from treatment plants can constitute public health problems if poorly treated or accidentally contaminated. Water quality and health risk assessment of water supplied from Lagos State water treatment plant was performed. Heavy metal concentration was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, As and Cr were within the standard maximum permissible limits for drinking water quality. The mean estimated daily intake through oral ingestion of drinking water for Pb,
Physicochemical parameters and heavy metal ions in soils within the vicinity of some mechanic wor... more Physicochemical parameters and heavy metal ions in soils within the vicinity of some mechanic workshops in Owerri metropolitan in Imo State were investigated. Soil samples were taken from mechanic workshops around Aba road, Orji and Avu. AOAC methods were used in the analysis of soil physicochemical parameters while heavy metals ions determination was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results obtained indicated a marked variation in the levels of physicochemical properties and heavy metal ion concentrations within locations and soil depth. Soil samples from Avu mechanic workshop had the highest level of Zn, Pb and Cu with mean concentrations of 26.79, 1.12 and 2.70 mg/kg respectively while soil samples from Orji had the least, with mean concentrations of 19.63, 0.05, 1.05, 0.77 and 9.46 mg/kg for Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd and Fe respectively. Soil samples from Aba road mechanic workshops recorded the highest mean values of 1.25 and 21.80 mg/kg for Cd and Fe ions respecti...
Communication in Physical Sciences 2020, 5(2): 210-222 Authors: Kelle Henrietta Ijeoma, Ogoko Eme... more Communication in Physical Sciences 2020, 5(2): 210-222 Authors: Kelle Henrietta Ijeoma, Ogoko Emeka Chima, Achem Daniel and Ousherovich Shola Ayotunde Received 29 April 2020/Accepted 26 May 2020 Rice is a major staple food in Nigeria and currently, the production capacity of the country cannot meet consumers; demand. Therefore, large quantities of rice are imported into the country without recourse to their heavy metal contents. Several research reports indicated that there is a likely possibility of heavy metal contamination of foreign rice and associated health hazards. Therefore, this study seeks to analyse foreign rice in Nigeria markets and identified their health implications. The result obtained indicated that mean concentrations of the heavy metal ions were Cd (0.0014 ± 0.00005 to 0.4322 ± 0.00005), Cr (0.0010 ± 0.00005 to 0.1080 ± 0.00005), As (0.0006 ± 0. 0001 to 0.1711 ± 0.0008), Ni (0.0007 ± 0.00001 to 0.8865 ± 0.00005), Hg (0.0024 ± 0.0001 to 0.0935 ± 0....
This study attempts to investigate the phytochemical composition, bioconcentration and transfer f... more This study attempts to investigate the phytochemical composition, bioconcentration and transfer factors of some selected edible vegetable consumed in Owerri metropolis (Imo State) Nigeria. The concentration of metals in different soils analyzed ranged from 1.65 ± 0.02 to 4.90 ± 0.03 mg/Kg Ni; 67.26 ± 0.74 to 137.87 ± 0.10 mg/Kg Zn; 3.11 ± 0.02 to 13.91 ± 0.02 mg/Kg Pb; 55.32 ± 0.32 to 85.68 ± 0.04 mg/Kg Cu; 2.73 ± 0.03 to 5.80 ± 0.10 mg/Kg Cd and 0.08 ± 0.01 to 0.18 ± 0.01 mg/Kg As. Geo-accumulation index used to established the extent of metal accumulation of the sample stations indicates contamination by cadmium. The levels of metals (Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, As) in the various leafy vegetables were within the recommended limits except for lead which was higher than recommended limits, with minimum and maximum values of 2.35 ± 0.18 mg/Kg and 3.03 ± 0.88 mg/Kg respectively. Results revealed that the vegetables investigated were good accumulator of lead, copper and arsenic with significa...
Communication in Physical Sciences 2020, 5(2): 210-222, 2020
Rice is a major staple food in Nigeria and currently, the production capacity of the country can... more Rice is a major staple food in Nigeria and currently, the production capacity of the country cannot meet consumers; demand. Therefore, large quantities of rice are imported into the country without recourse to their heavy metal contents. Several research reports indicated that there is a likely possibility of heavy metal contamination of foreign rice and associated health hazards. Therefore, this study seeks to analyse foreign rice in Nigeria markets and identified their health implications. The result obtained indicated that mean concentrations of the heavy metal ions were Cd (0.0014 ± 0.00005 to 0.4322 ± 0.00005), Cr (0.0010 ± 0.00005 to 0.1080 ± 0.00005), As (0.0006 ± 0. 0001 to 0.1711 ± 0.0008), Ni (0.0007 ± 0.00001 to 0.8865 ± 0.00005), Hg (0.0024 ± 0.0001 to 0.0935 ± 0.001), Cu (0.0052 ± 0.00001 to 0.3208 ± 0.00005), Pb (0.0047 ± 0.00001 to 0.3974 ± 0.00001). Most of the imported rice brands have mean concentration (mg/kg) of the heavy metals below their maximum permissible limit (MPL) as set by FAO/WHO and Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC). The hazard quotient (HQ) for the heavy metals in the imported rice brands range from 0.0006 (6 x 10^(-4)) to 5.0 while their hazard index (HI) range from 1.2 – 9.31. Most of the imported rice brands (62.5 %) and all the rice brands (100 %) had HQ and HI for the heavy metals greater than one respectively pointing to the, likelihood and high potential for non-carcinogenic risks. The cancer risk assessment value ranged from 8 x 10^(-6) to 1 x 10^(-3 )which suggest probability of cancer risks.
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