The collection of articles, the first issue of the Association of Anthropologists of Georgia, whi... more The collection of articles, the first issue of the Association of Anthropologists of Georgia, which aims to introduce new attitudes and new ideas of anthropology to the wide audience, experts and students concerned with anthropology. The scientists of different countries and cultures, experts of varied fields and undergraduates participated to create this volume. Consequently the present articles were arranged around the special topics under the different headings, showing the multifarious and holistic aspects of anthropology.
... Lidia D. Sciama ... Ben prima di raggiungere la grande diffusione iniziata spe-cialmente negl... more ... Lidia D. Sciama ... Ben prima di raggiungere la grande diffusione iniziata spe-cialmente negli anni Sessanta, sia le perle che i molti oggetti artigianali con queste costruiti hanno naturalmente attratto l'attenzione degli etnologi; per citare l'esempio a me piu noto, al Museo Pitt ...
Throughout the 1980s a concept of the Mediterranean as a ‘culture area’ has been strongly critici... more Throughout the 1980s a concept of the Mediterranean as a ‘culture area’ has been strongly criticized, mainly on the basis of linguistic and ethnographic evidence, while more recently, some anthropologists have questioned the validity of notions of ‘culture areas’ in general, under conditions of globalization. Awareness of ‘honour and shame’ codes, formerly the main basis for Mediterranean cultural unity, is nonetheless proving useful in analyses of kinship and social behaviour, both in and outside Mediterranean countries. Both fieldwork observation and a summary view of the history of Venice show that, despite some common cultural traits, relations of Venetians with their resident foreign communities were, and still are, generally characterized by suspicion and by strong religious antagonism.
... Che cosa pu6 essere significativo in questa storia della as-sociazione della perla con il fon... more ... Che cosa pu6 essere significativo in questa storia della as-sociazione della perla con il fondatore del lignaggio Jack Reece? ... la parola Kalabari per 'capo', alabo, si puo scindere in due par-ti: ala, che vuol dire ricchezze, come denaro, proprieta, forza e ...
Since the extensive floods of 1966, the inhabitants of Venice's laguna areas have come to sha... more Since the extensive floods of 1966, the inhabitants of Venice's laguna areas have come to share in, and reflect upon, concerns over pressing environmental problems. Evidence of damage caused by industrial pollution has contributed to the need to recover a common culture and establish a sense of continuity with 'truly Venetian traditions'. This in-depth study of the Venetian island of Burano shows how its inhabitants develop their sense of a distinct identity on the basis of their common memories, their knowledge and love of their environment and their special skills in fishing and lace making.
This volume brings together 12 articles originally presented at a workshop held in 1995 at Queen ... more This volume brings together 12 articles originally presented at a workshop held in 1995 at Queen Elizabeth House, under the auspices of the Cross Culture Centre for Research on Women at the University of Oxford. The contributions represent a wide variety of subjects, approaches, time periods and cultural areas. Topics range from the manufacture and trade of beads, to their different forms of consumption and their symbolic meanings, "with gender the overall theme" (p. vii). The authors come from an equally large number of disciplines: Literature, Archaeology, Design, Folklore, Anthropology, History and Women's Studies. Articles span a broad sweep of time from prehistory to the present and cover a wide array of geographical units: cities, regions, countries and even continents throughout the world.Lidia Sciama provides an interesting overview of bead production, trade and consumption in the introductory essay. She draws attention to the major role of beads as a trade item in all parts of the world since prehistoric times. Glass blowing and bead manufacture have generally been considered a male occupation. Sciama points out that in Europe, although men were responsible for blowing and cutting glass canes to make beads, women would polish, finish and thread them and prepare them for shipment. In certain parts of West Africa, however, women are the principal bead makers. Trade in beads appears more gender specific: whether in Europe or Africa, men were usually responsible for their commerce. Beads have been used in most parts of the world, by both men and women, as a form of body adornment. Sciama explains this widespread use of beads as an efficient way of expressing beauty (the skin has always been considered the first canvas and art object), fertility (beads resemble ovaries, nipples and female genitals) and power (the magical properties of beads are used to acquire power and maintain health). She concludes that beads are of great significance at all levels of society and are "closely associated both with individual and group identity" (p. 17). Sciama's essay goes beyond a simple presentation of the articles in the book; it provides a good survey of recent bead research, including David Graeber's (1996) fascinating work on beads, money and regimes of value.In Europe, Venice has always been at the centre of glass bead production which was generally assumed to be a male occupation. In her survey of the history of bead manufacturing from the Middle Ages to the present, Francesca Triviality pays special attention to the role of Venetian women in the industry. Like most European medieval guilds, that of bead makers was based on the principal of male heredity and craft skills were passed down as property from man to man. Female labour was used much more, however, than indicated in official records. Bead stringing was usually done by women and they were also involved in the distribution and sale of beads at the local level. Men kept responsibility for the more lucrative long distant trades.The following three articles deal with beads in Africa. Margaret Carey provides an overview of African beadwork. Gender roles in the manufacture of beads vary according to the materials being used (metal beads are usually made by men whereas shell beads are made by women), the uses made of the objects (royal regalia is made by men; jewellery for females by women) and the groups involved. Beads are used as status markers, as a vehicle in social intercourse (courtship and weddings), as markers of rites of passage and as expressions of sociopolitical protest. Joanne Eicher's article focusses on the Kalabari Ijo of Nigeria. Here, for both men and women, beads are considered valuable objects and they are kept in containers under lock and key. At death, they are transferred to the closest relatives; the oldest woman in each lineage supervises these treasures which serve as expressions of family genealogy and identity. Ann O'Hear concentrates on the red stone beads called lantana made by the Yoruba in the city of Ilorin, Nigeria. …
The collection of articles, the first issue of the Association of Anthropologists of Georgia, whi... more The collection of articles, the first issue of the Association of Anthropologists of Georgia, which aims to introduce new attitudes and new ideas of anthropology to the wide audience, experts and students concerned with anthropology. The scientists of different countries and cultures, experts of varied fields and undergraduates participated to create this volume. Consequently the present articles were arranged around the special topics under the different headings, showing the multifarious and holistic aspects of anthropology.
... Lidia D. Sciama ... Ben prima di raggiungere la grande diffusione iniziata spe-cialmente negl... more ... Lidia D. Sciama ... Ben prima di raggiungere la grande diffusione iniziata spe-cialmente negli anni Sessanta, sia le perle che i molti oggetti artigianali con queste costruiti hanno naturalmente attratto l'attenzione degli etnologi; per citare l'esempio a me piu noto, al Museo Pitt ...
Throughout the 1980s a concept of the Mediterranean as a ‘culture area’ has been strongly critici... more Throughout the 1980s a concept of the Mediterranean as a ‘culture area’ has been strongly criticized, mainly on the basis of linguistic and ethnographic evidence, while more recently, some anthropologists have questioned the validity of notions of ‘culture areas’ in general, under conditions of globalization. Awareness of ‘honour and shame’ codes, formerly the main basis for Mediterranean cultural unity, is nonetheless proving useful in analyses of kinship and social behaviour, both in and outside Mediterranean countries. Both fieldwork observation and a summary view of the history of Venice show that, despite some common cultural traits, relations of Venetians with their resident foreign communities were, and still are, generally characterized by suspicion and by strong religious antagonism.
... Che cosa pu6 essere significativo in questa storia della as-sociazione della perla con il fon... more ... Che cosa pu6 essere significativo in questa storia della as-sociazione della perla con il fondatore del lignaggio Jack Reece? ... la parola Kalabari per 'capo', alabo, si puo scindere in due par-ti: ala, che vuol dire ricchezze, come denaro, proprieta, forza e ...
Since the extensive floods of 1966, the inhabitants of Venice's laguna areas have come to sha... more Since the extensive floods of 1966, the inhabitants of Venice's laguna areas have come to share in, and reflect upon, concerns over pressing environmental problems. Evidence of damage caused by industrial pollution has contributed to the need to recover a common culture and establish a sense of continuity with 'truly Venetian traditions'. This in-depth study of the Venetian island of Burano shows how its inhabitants develop their sense of a distinct identity on the basis of their common memories, their knowledge and love of their environment and their special skills in fishing and lace making.
This volume brings together 12 articles originally presented at a workshop held in 1995 at Queen ... more This volume brings together 12 articles originally presented at a workshop held in 1995 at Queen Elizabeth House, under the auspices of the Cross Culture Centre for Research on Women at the University of Oxford. The contributions represent a wide variety of subjects, approaches, time periods and cultural areas. Topics range from the manufacture and trade of beads, to their different forms of consumption and their symbolic meanings, "with gender the overall theme" (p. vii). The authors come from an equally large number of disciplines: Literature, Archaeology, Design, Folklore, Anthropology, History and Women's Studies. Articles span a broad sweep of time from prehistory to the present and cover a wide array of geographical units: cities, regions, countries and even continents throughout the world.Lidia Sciama provides an interesting overview of bead production, trade and consumption in the introductory essay. She draws attention to the major role of beads as a trade item in all parts of the world since prehistoric times. Glass blowing and bead manufacture have generally been considered a male occupation. Sciama points out that in Europe, although men were responsible for blowing and cutting glass canes to make beads, women would polish, finish and thread them and prepare them for shipment. In certain parts of West Africa, however, women are the principal bead makers. Trade in beads appears more gender specific: whether in Europe or Africa, men were usually responsible for their commerce. Beads have been used in most parts of the world, by both men and women, as a form of body adornment. Sciama explains this widespread use of beads as an efficient way of expressing beauty (the skin has always been considered the first canvas and art object), fertility (beads resemble ovaries, nipples and female genitals) and power (the magical properties of beads are used to acquire power and maintain health). She concludes that beads are of great significance at all levels of society and are "closely associated both with individual and group identity" (p. 17). Sciama's essay goes beyond a simple presentation of the articles in the book; it provides a good survey of recent bead research, including David Graeber's (1996) fascinating work on beads, money and regimes of value.In Europe, Venice has always been at the centre of glass bead production which was generally assumed to be a male occupation. In her survey of the history of bead manufacturing from the Middle Ages to the present, Francesca Triviality pays special attention to the role of Venetian women in the industry. Like most European medieval guilds, that of bead makers was based on the principal of male heredity and craft skills were passed down as property from man to man. Female labour was used much more, however, than indicated in official records. Bead stringing was usually done by women and they were also involved in the distribution and sale of beads at the local level. Men kept responsibility for the more lucrative long distant trades.The following three articles deal with beads in Africa. Margaret Carey provides an overview of African beadwork. Gender roles in the manufacture of beads vary according to the materials being used (metal beads are usually made by men whereas shell beads are made by women), the uses made of the objects (royal regalia is made by men; jewellery for females by women) and the groups involved. Beads are used as status markers, as a vehicle in social intercourse (courtship and weddings), as markers of rites of passage and as expressions of sociopolitical protest. Joanne Eicher's article focusses on the Kalabari Ijo of Nigeria. Here, for both men and women, beads are considered valuable objects and they are kept in containers under lock and key. At death, they are transferred to the closest relatives; the oldest woman in each lineage supervises these treasures which serve as expressions of family genealogy and identity. Ann O'Hear concentrates on the red stone beads called lantana made by the Yoruba in the city of Ilorin, Nigeria. …
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anthropology. The scientists of different countries and cultures, experts of varied fields and undergraduates participated to create this volume. Consequently the
present articles were arranged around the special topics under the different headings, showing the multifarious and holistic aspects of anthropology.
anthropology. The scientists of different countries and cultures, experts of varied fields and undergraduates participated to create this volume. Consequently the
present articles were arranged around the special topics under the different headings, showing the multifarious and holistic aspects of anthropology.