Lim, S. B. holds a PhD in Developmental Science from the National University of Malaysia (UKM Bangi). His research interest is on citizen-centric smart city development, citizenship, citizen participation, and urban planning. He can be contacted via email lim@uitm.edu.my or limsengboonn@gmail.com. His research can be viewed at http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9920-924X, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=6LLSbUQAAAAJ&hl=en, or https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Seng-Boon-Lim Supervisors: Associate Professor Dr Jalaluddin Abdul Malek, Associate Professor Dr Mohd Yusof Hussain, Dr Zurinah Tahir, and Prof Ho Chin Siong Address: Bangi, Malaysia
The 7th International Conference on Urban and Regional Planning (CURP 2024), 26-27 April 2024, NED University, Karachi, Pakistan, 1–16., 2024
Urban regeneration is frequently adopted to revitalise and add value to public spaces and quality... more Urban regeneration is frequently adopted to revitalise and add value to public spaces and quality of life. However, evidence documenting the revitalisation project through the intervention of community-based micro planning is scarce in developing countries. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the intervention in community gardening or urban farming initiatives under the urban regeneration initiative of Special Area Action Plan (SAAP) Section 13, Petaling Jaya City, Malaysia. This single case study is investigated through the mixed method approach. For the quantitative approach, 200 samples were collected through questionnaires and analysed through descriptive statistics. For the qualitative approach, eight interviews were conducted and analysed through thematic analysis. The findings show respondents agreed with the proposal of community gardening at the Sungai Penchala monsoon drain area, emphasising awareness and safety concerns. In revitalising the left-over urban public spaces, local authorities are recommended to plan more awareness intervention campaigns, enhance safety infrastructure designs, and appoint caretakers to realise and sustain the regeneration projects for the public interest. This study contributed important evidence in auditing the development plans' urban regeneration intervention initiatives, particularly in the 4 th-tier-community-based micro planning in developing countries.
In RICAEN UiTM Perak (Ed.), everyThink•: Idea and Aspiration to Solve The Problem (pp. 60–62). Seri Iskandar, Perak: Unit Penerbitan UiTM Perak., 2024
Isu: Warga UiTM masing-masing mempunyai sumber dan idea untuk menyumbang, Cuma kekurangan partici... more Isu: Warga UiTM masing-masing mempunyai sumber dan idea untuk menyumbang, Cuma kekurangan participatory platform yang betul-betul menghargai suara mereka dan diberi kuasa untuk mengudi. Maka, minat mereka akan menjadi kurang kerana idea dan usaha kurang dihargai pihak atasan. Justeru akan menjadikan polisi dan bajet yang dirancang menjadi mismatch atau gagal di peringkat grassroot.
SDG: Isu ini dikaitkan dengan SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
Cadangan: Membina jenis warga UiTM (staff dan pelajar) yang sedar melalui participatory platform baru dipanggil Decide WargaUiTM. Platform Decide WargaUiTM ini boleh merujuk kepada open source Consul-Decide Madrid.
Sumbangan: Platform Consul Participatory Platform berkembang di 35 negara di dunia, namun di Asia masih belum ada. Maka, membangunkan cadangan ini akan menyumbang kepada penglibatan warga universiti (atau warga bandar) yang pertama di Asia, dan di Malaysia.
The 3rd Conference on Asian Inclusive Smart Cities in the Post Covid-19 Arena: Malaysia’s Perspectives on Inclusiveness Smart Cities, 14-15 November 2023, The Intercontinental Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1–18. International Islamic University Malaysia and Kyoto University., 2023
Smart city development injected with the inclusivity element is a rising trend in the field of su... more Smart city development injected with the inclusivity element is a rising trend in the field of sustainable development. While the inclusiveness concept was acclaimed, the smart city blueprint's deeper analysis was lacking. Taking a case in Malaysia, this article aims to assess the Putrajaya smart city's promotion of inclusive-smart development, focusing on social exclusion and governance aspects. The inclusivity regime themes and items were identified and quantitative text analysis and statistical approach were adopted to achieve the above aim. The findings reveal the blueprint excludes the wider spectrum of displaced settlers and vulnerable groups, and it is suggested considering the wider societal need to address the community's real problems holistically. While the effort of Putrajaya in leading as one of the sustainable smart development in Asia is evident, this article contributes to critical Asian urban scholarship by revealing the possibility that subtly engineered social exclusion within Smart Putrajaya is developing.
E-Proceeding of the 6th Undergraduate Seminar on Built Environment and Technology (USBET) 2023, 25 - 27 September 2023, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perak Branch, Malaysia, 1885–1898., 2023
Safe City Program was launched in Malaysia two decades ago. It aims to realise a safe living envi... more Safe City Program was launched in Malaysia two decades ago. It aims to realise a safe living environment for city dwellers. However, little evidence is found to assess its effectiveness, and decision-makers lack evidence in furthering such urban policy. Taking the case study of Taman Sungai Chua, Kajang, Selangor, this study intends to fill in such a gap by assessing residents' perception of the effectiveness of the safe city programme. The method used in this study is questionnaire surveys involving 122 respondents. The survey items largely related to the physical aspects of a residential area, i.e., built environment, and layout design. The collected data were analysed through descriptive statistical analysis. The findings showed that the level of security in the Sungai Chua housing area as a place to live is at a moderate level. The gridiron layout design has influenced the occurrence of crime. Suggestions to sustain the safe city program in Taman Sungai Chua include building defensive boundaries, i.e., installing fences around the house, limiting the gridiron housing layout design-high level of access to restricted access; and increasing surveillance qualities, i.e., placing guard houses, installing closed-circuit television (CCTV) and lights for good lighting at night. This study has contributed a case evident in assessing the safe city programme in Malaysia. This finding would add insights for the decision-makers and residents in dealing with crime in residential areas.
The Penang International Invention, Innovation and Design Competition (PIID) 2023, 2023
The citizen-centric smart city (CCSC) model is conceptualized from the citizenship perspective, w... more The citizen-centric smart city (CCSC) model is conceptualized from the citizenship perspective, which stresses the citizen’s responsibilities and participatory governance practices in a smart city. This innovative conception argues that instead of the traditional view of fulfilling the citizen’s needs, the citizens should co-produce, participate and contribute to building a sustainable smart city together with the government and corporates. To construct the above CCSC model, two “forward-looking” cities were selected as case studies, namely the Cyberjaya and Petaling Jaya Smart Cities. This study is exploratory in nature and adopted the transformative mixed method sequential QUAL→Quan, including a systematic literature review, interviews, and surveys. The records for the systematic literature review of the social inclusion indicators for building citizen-centric smart cities were searched from the Google Scholar database (n = 21,026), and 79 final included papers were analyzed. The primary data collection techniques were in-depth interviews with 38 informants and surveys comprising 486 samples. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze qualitative data, while the quantitative data were assessed via inferential statistics using Spearman’s correlation. The themes and networks of sub- themes derived from the verbatim data have supported and facilitated the main constructs comprising 47 items used in the questionnaire. The outcomes of Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed three significant factors in building the CCSC model: participation types and processes, as well as roles of citizens.
Buat julung kalinya, Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Razak (PTAR), UiTM Cawangan Perak Kampus Seri Iskanda... more Buat julung kalinya, Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Razak (PTAR), UiTM Cawangan Perak Kampus Seri Iskandar di bawah kepimpinan Timbalan Ketua Pustakawan Kanan, Puan Siti Basriyah Shaik Baharudin telah berjaya menganjurkan Program Book Launching dan Meet & Greet Bersama Penulis pada 11 Oktober 2023. Program tersebut berlangsung secara fizikal di aras 1 perpustakaan dan dianggarkan seramai 60 peserta termasuk pelajar, pensyarah dan pegawai pengurusan universiti telah hadir menyertainya.
The present study intends to develop pedestrian crossing behaviour models based on road traffic a... more The present study intends to develop pedestrian crossing behaviour models based on road traffic and human factors. A questionnaire was distributed to 663 pedestrians in Shah Alam. Respondents were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their risk perceptions and attitudes pertaining to walking and road crossings. This study identified two human factors that influenced pedestrian crossing behaviour: the "risk-taker" and the "rule-follower." The modelling analysis revealed a substantial correlation between human factors and crossing behaviour. Analysis of pedestrian crossing behaviour is useful to evaluate the implementation of novel pedestrian crossing environments. The study offers insights applicable to urban planning and policy approaches for reducing pedestrian accidents by utilising strategies such as extended signal timing, audible signals, countdown timers, and optimising intersection design to improve pedestrian safety.
Program the International Summer Course Architecture (ISCA) 2023 dianjurkan oleh Universitas Suma... more Program the International Summer Course Architecture (ISCA) 2023 dianjurkan oleh Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), Medan, INDONESIA. ISCA 2023 yang bertemakan “Historic Urban Landscape Approach for Future Medan Architectural Heritage” dirancang untuk menampung penglibatan pelajar antarabangsa, pensyarah dan pakar dalam warisan budaya dan reka bentuk bandar. Seramai 78 peserta daripada negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Timor Timur, Singapura dan Sudan telah menghadiri program ini. Ini termasuk pelajar antarabangsa seperti Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), dan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia, Universidade Da Paz, Timor Timur, National University of Singapore, serta pelajar tempatan Indonesia daripada USU, Catholic University of Saint Thomas Medan, Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang, dan Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia.
Technology disruption makes it difficult for rural areas to cope with digital infrastructure and ... more Technology disruption makes it difficult for rural areas to cope with digital infrastructure and people's readiness to embrace changes. Indeed, technological advancements provide greater opportunities to transform rural areas into instinctive living environments-destinations to invest, work, live, and visit. However, a significant question arises: how far has this innovative technology been practised in rural activities? The current paper aims to demonstrate the application of a Malaysia Assessment Measure for Modern Rural Development (MAMRD); it incorporates the rural technology practices for appraising the score (index) towards a modern rural approach, thereby enabling lessons to be learned for further improvements. From this measurement, it was found that the aquatourism and smart community-based village (Kampung Padang Rumbia, Pekan, Pahang) scored 55.92% in the overall index, which could put it into a three-star rating village. The fishing-based village (Kampung Tepi Sungai, Sungai Muda, Kedah) gained two-star with 30.51%. The results become the self-checked intervention for them to move towards a modern rural approach. In the end, MAMRD shall assist all stakeholders who rely on rural and community transformation, such as Institute for Rural Enhancement (INFRA) and Jawatankuasa Pengurusan Keselamatan Kampung (JPKK). Undeniably, this paper also reveals the agendas of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) towards societal harmony and happiness.
Participatory governance is widely viewed as an essential element of realizing planned smart citi... more Participatory governance is widely viewed as an essential element of realizing planned smart cities. Nonetheless, the implementation of e-participation platforms, such as the websites and mobile applications of civic authorities, often offer ambiguous information on how public voices may influence e-decision-making. This study aims to examine the status of participatory governance from the angle of e-participation platforms and from the broader scope of linking e-platforms to a smart city blueprint. In order to achieve this aim, the study focuses on shedding light on the e-governance space given to smart city realization in a developing country context—i.e., Malaysia. The Putrajaya and Petaling Jaya smart cities of Malaysia were selected as the testbeds of the study, which used the multiple case study methodology and multiple data collection designs. The analyses were done through the qualitative observations and quantitative descriptive statistics. The results revealed that both of...
Abstract<br> Lack of understanding across the global north and global south, and with the n... more Abstract<br> Lack of understanding across the global north and global south, and with the need for alternative development paths in smart urbanism discourse are issues highlighted by recent smart urbanism research. Therefore, this paper aims to comprehend the trends of smart urbanism across contrasting geographies and to learn about the alternative direction of the development of smart cities. This study applied the research methods of document analysis and case study on the continents of North America, Europe, and Asia. The study showed that the North America corporations (i.e., IBM smarter city) are leading the approach of technology-driven method (TDM) and corporate smart city concept, European scholars and institutions have strong influence on the human-driven method (HDM) approach (i.e., the Amsterdam smart city), while Asian countries are discursively learning and applying smart city's ideas and practices from North America and Europe. A mixture of approaches are fou...
Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 2021
The right to the city concept is widely debated in academic discourse yet ambiguously executed in... more The right to the city concept is widely debated in academic discourse yet ambiguously executed in public discourse. In much of the discussion, the right to the city is advocated as a right that humans should claim—i.e., participating in urban space living. Nonetheless, constraints and limits are imposed on such advocacy, resulting in a tokenized implementation state. With such a background surmounting the COVID-19 pandemic era, this study is aimed at understanding the right to the city propagation and revealing the possible wrongs of such civic advocacy. Multiple cases in Malaysia were selected for analysis and as the discussion context representing the state-of-the-art aspect of right to the city in the context of an emerging country. Two potential misconceptions through the action of right to the city were identified: first, the concept of right to the city has the potential to infringe the centrality of power, which both citizens and the authority have to make clear; second, the ...
Local government performance is frequently interpreted through stakeholders’ satisfaction measure... more Local government performance is frequently interpreted through stakeholders’ satisfaction measured by statistical analyses. Apart from testing the relationship, the perception of satisfaction on services provided is further influenced by the degree of expectation being met, and understanding the customer behaviour. Thus, this study attempts to explore an alternative explanation on the character of the local authority (LA) and put in perspective through the comprehension of the role theory. This was an exploratory case study on Kulim Hi-tech Local Authority, Malaysia. The mixed method approaches were firstly carried out by questionnaire surveys, followed by interviewing stakeholders and ended with site observations. Descriptive analyses were applied to the random samples. Findings showed that the LA has executed its roles of control and collect very well. However, it did not fare well in the role of publish.
Citizen participation is a much contested and conflicting term, whereby the general consensus hig... more Citizen participation is a much contested and conflicting term, whereby the general consensus highlighted its value for a democratic society. However, various complex issues regarding its understanding and implementation from power holders and citizens alike are abundant in practice. Therefore, this paper aims to make sense of the issues of citizen participation from the perspective of different stakeholders, such as power holders and have-not citizens. Purposive sampling on 45 informants was utilized in this study to facilitate a qualitative research design using in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, open and axial coding allowed the formation of themes regarding the understanding on the specific phenomenon of citizen participation in city programs conducted by the local authorities of the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The themes that surfaced as issues included the dependency on government resources, mismatch of interest, organized and collective citizen force, and life cycle approach an...
Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 2023
Purpose – Common evaluation tools on e-government websites are available globally and locally to ... more Purpose – Common evaluation tools on e-government websites are available globally and locally to standardise and improve the quality of information and services. However, a commonly ignored aspect is the way to obtain detailed measurements of factors influencing citizen centricity; in other words, how official websites cater to the needs and contributions of citizens at different levels of government. Thus, this paper aims to apply a citizen-centric framework in evaluating the e-government websites of three different levels of authority in Malaysia: federal, state and local. Design/methodology/approach – The adapted citizen-centric checklist for e-government websites (aCCEW) with 40 characteristics across four components – openness (21), transparency (5), participation (10) and responsiveness (4) – was adopted to evaluate case studies of 36 government agency websites in Malaysia. Any conformity between the characteristics was marked using a binary measure, and the citizen-centric value was calculated for each component/characteristic. Findings – Through website observations, ratings and descriptive comparisons, this study found that the aCCEW is a useful tool, especially for identifying certain critically violated factors. These were deficiencies in e-decision-making, revealing successful initiatives created through open data, revealing fund transfers and expenditure records and the level of social media responsiveness. Research limitations/implications – The research contributes theoretically by improvising characteristics in the CCEW to become aCCEW and testing it in multiple levels of government in Malaysia to see its applicability to be adopted in other similar research of e-governments. This could become a new benchmark through the additional research insights it offers into similar perspectives of public values realisation in e-government website design that focuses on more than merely functionality. Attempt to relate the violated factors and strengths of aCCEW website design components to the level of centralisation (power) of federal, state and local governments was also genuine in the e-government research. Practical implications – Regardless of the many different government systems, federal, state and local governments can benchmark the examples assessed in this study, rethink their power relationships, and further improve their e-platforms to suit the contexts of their users/residents’ needs and contributions. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study contributed to the first Malaysiabased research that identifies and compares factors that contribute to citizen-centric e-government website building at the federal, state and local government levels. The discussion adds value by comparing different systems and levels of e-government websites to their power possession. Keywords: Citizen centricity, E-democracy, E-government Web portal, E-participation, Power, Public value Paper type Research paper
Governing a city's development with the use of standards started relatively recently, in the mid-... more Governing a city's development with the use of standards started relatively recently, in the mid-2010s. However, the issues of such city standards in systematically governing future smart cities remains largely unknown under the digital infrastructural stress of the post-COVID-19 era. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the issues and directions in developing the Malaysian smart sustainable cities and communities standards that suit the post-COVID-19 era. This study applied the multiple case study method to compare the international literatures and the local smart city webinars. The results showed that smart city standards were welcomed by policymakers and practitioners, although issues such as learning, connectivity, and citizenship rationale need to be addressed. More focus should be put on how humans relearn and responsibly participate in the post-COVID-19 cyber-physical ecosystem in order to create a healthy and sustainable digital-based society. This paper has contributed as one of the first researches examining the role of smart city standards in Malaysia.
The rise of robotics poses thorny ethical questions about how we govern entities that sit between... more The rise of robotics poses thorny ethical questions about how we govern entities that sit between the conscience of humanity and the mechanical nature of machines like a dishwasher or a lawnmower. Getting on the front foot with governance could make a huge difference by the end of the decade.
As 2021 onwards is set to witness the nationwide implementation of smart city initiatives, the is... more As 2021 onwards is set to witness the nationwide implementation of smart city initiatives, the issues faced by local authorities in the implementation critically require guidance. The level of challenges has been exacerbated by the impact of COVID-19, and Malaysian cities urgently need to establish a new normality in which technological solutions must be adopted to address urban issues. Thus, the objectives of this article are (1) to identify the implementation challenges and (2) to suggest strategies and opportunities to the decision makers and administrators. This article applies the participatory observation method in a smart city webinar in general with a case study of Putrajaya. Verbal data are transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that smart city implementation is facing major challenges in terms of stakeholder partnerships, funding, and infrastructure. The authors recommend the necessity to review the focus of a smart city whether to be technological-led or citizen-centric through co-creation. This paper is timely to provide practical knowledge and suggestions to smart city planning, governance, and management bodies. It is likely to be applicable to other parts of the world that intend to implement smart city initiatives.
Keywords: Co-creation with citizens, Putrajaya, resourcing and talent planning, smart cities, smart governance, urban planning, and management.
The 7th International Conference on Urban and Regional Planning (CURP 2024), 26-27 April 2024, NED University, Karachi, Pakistan, 1–16., 2024
Urban regeneration is frequently adopted to revitalise and add value to public spaces and quality... more Urban regeneration is frequently adopted to revitalise and add value to public spaces and quality of life. However, evidence documenting the revitalisation project through the intervention of community-based micro planning is scarce in developing countries. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the intervention in community gardening or urban farming initiatives under the urban regeneration initiative of Special Area Action Plan (SAAP) Section 13, Petaling Jaya City, Malaysia. This single case study is investigated through the mixed method approach. For the quantitative approach, 200 samples were collected through questionnaires and analysed through descriptive statistics. For the qualitative approach, eight interviews were conducted and analysed through thematic analysis. The findings show respondents agreed with the proposal of community gardening at the Sungai Penchala monsoon drain area, emphasising awareness and safety concerns. In revitalising the left-over urban public spaces, local authorities are recommended to plan more awareness intervention campaigns, enhance safety infrastructure designs, and appoint caretakers to realise and sustain the regeneration projects for the public interest. This study contributed important evidence in auditing the development plans' urban regeneration intervention initiatives, particularly in the 4 th-tier-community-based micro planning in developing countries.
In RICAEN UiTM Perak (Ed.), everyThink•: Idea and Aspiration to Solve The Problem (pp. 60–62). Seri Iskandar, Perak: Unit Penerbitan UiTM Perak., 2024
Isu: Warga UiTM masing-masing mempunyai sumber dan idea untuk menyumbang, Cuma kekurangan partici... more Isu: Warga UiTM masing-masing mempunyai sumber dan idea untuk menyumbang, Cuma kekurangan participatory platform yang betul-betul menghargai suara mereka dan diberi kuasa untuk mengudi. Maka, minat mereka akan menjadi kurang kerana idea dan usaha kurang dihargai pihak atasan. Justeru akan menjadikan polisi dan bajet yang dirancang menjadi mismatch atau gagal di peringkat grassroot.
SDG: Isu ini dikaitkan dengan SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
Cadangan: Membina jenis warga UiTM (staff dan pelajar) yang sedar melalui participatory platform baru dipanggil Decide WargaUiTM. Platform Decide WargaUiTM ini boleh merujuk kepada open source Consul-Decide Madrid.
Sumbangan: Platform Consul Participatory Platform berkembang di 35 negara di dunia, namun di Asia masih belum ada. Maka, membangunkan cadangan ini akan menyumbang kepada penglibatan warga universiti (atau warga bandar) yang pertama di Asia, dan di Malaysia.
The 3rd Conference on Asian Inclusive Smart Cities in the Post Covid-19 Arena: Malaysia’s Perspectives on Inclusiveness Smart Cities, 14-15 November 2023, The Intercontinental Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1–18. International Islamic University Malaysia and Kyoto University., 2023
Smart city development injected with the inclusivity element is a rising trend in the field of su... more Smart city development injected with the inclusivity element is a rising trend in the field of sustainable development. While the inclusiveness concept was acclaimed, the smart city blueprint's deeper analysis was lacking. Taking a case in Malaysia, this article aims to assess the Putrajaya smart city's promotion of inclusive-smart development, focusing on social exclusion and governance aspects. The inclusivity regime themes and items were identified and quantitative text analysis and statistical approach were adopted to achieve the above aim. The findings reveal the blueprint excludes the wider spectrum of displaced settlers and vulnerable groups, and it is suggested considering the wider societal need to address the community's real problems holistically. While the effort of Putrajaya in leading as one of the sustainable smart development in Asia is evident, this article contributes to critical Asian urban scholarship by revealing the possibility that subtly engineered social exclusion within Smart Putrajaya is developing.
E-Proceeding of the 6th Undergraduate Seminar on Built Environment and Technology (USBET) 2023, 25 - 27 September 2023, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perak Branch, Malaysia, 1885–1898., 2023
Safe City Program was launched in Malaysia two decades ago. It aims to realise a safe living envi... more Safe City Program was launched in Malaysia two decades ago. It aims to realise a safe living environment for city dwellers. However, little evidence is found to assess its effectiveness, and decision-makers lack evidence in furthering such urban policy. Taking the case study of Taman Sungai Chua, Kajang, Selangor, this study intends to fill in such a gap by assessing residents' perception of the effectiveness of the safe city programme. The method used in this study is questionnaire surveys involving 122 respondents. The survey items largely related to the physical aspects of a residential area, i.e., built environment, and layout design. The collected data were analysed through descriptive statistical analysis. The findings showed that the level of security in the Sungai Chua housing area as a place to live is at a moderate level. The gridiron layout design has influenced the occurrence of crime. Suggestions to sustain the safe city program in Taman Sungai Chua include building defensive boundaries, i.e., installing fences around the house, limiting the gridiron housing layout design-high level of access to restricted access; and increasing surveillance qualities, i.e., placing guard houses, installing closed-circuit television (CCTV) and lights for good lighting at night. This study has contributed a case evident in assessing the safe city programme in Malaysia. This finding would add insights for the decision-makers and residents in dealing with crime in residential areas.
The Penang International Invention, Innovation and Design Competition (PIID) 2023, 2023
The citizen-centric smart city (CCSC) model is conceptualized from the citizenship perspective, w... more The citizen-centric smart city (CCSC) model is conceptualized from the citizenship perspective, which stresses the citizen’s responsibilities and participatory governance practices in a smart city. This innovative conception argues that instead of the traditional view of fulfilling the citizen’s needs, the citizens should co-produce, participate and contribute to building a sustainable smart city together with the government and corporates. To construct the above CCSC model, two “forward-looking” cities were selected as case studies, namely the Cyberjaya and Petaling Jaya Smart Cities. This study is exploratory in nature and adopted the transformative mixed method sequential QUAL→Quan, including a systematic literature review, interviews, and surveys. The records for the systematic literature review of the social inclusion indicators for building citizen-centric smart cities were searched from the Google Scholar database (n = 21,026), and 79 final included papers were analyzed. The primary data collection techniques were in-depth interviews with 38 informants and surveys comprising 486 samples. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze qualitative data, while the quantitative data were assessed via inferential statistics using Spearman’s correlation. The themes and networks of sub- themes derived from the verbatim data have supported and facilitated the main constructs comprising 47 items used in the questionnaire. The outcomes of Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed three significant factors in building the CCSC model: participation types and processes, as well as roles of citizens.
Buat julung kalinya, Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Razak (PTAR), UiTM Cawangan Perak Kampus Seri Iskanda... more Buat julung kalinya, Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Razak (PTAR), UiTM Cawangan Perak Kampus Seri Iskandar di bawah kepimpinan Timbalan Ketua Pustakawan Kanan, Puan Siti Basriyah Shaik Baharudin telah berjaya menganjurkan Program Book Launching dan Meet & Greet Bersama Penulis pada 11 Oktober 2023. Program tersebut berlangsung secara fizikal di aras 1 perpustakaan dan dianggarkan seramai 60 peserta termasuk pelajar, pensyarah dan pegawai pengurusan universiti telah hadir menyertainya.
The present study intends to develop pedestrian crossing behaviour models based on road traffic a... more The present study intends to develop pedestrian crossing behaviour models based on road traffic and human factors. A questionnaire was distributed to 663 pedestrians in Shah Alam. Respondents were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their risk perceptions and attitudes pertaining to walking and road crossings. This study identified two human factors that influenced pedestrian crossing behaviour: the "risk-taker" and the "rule-follower." The modelling analysis revealed a substantial correlation between human factors and crossing behaviour. Analysis of pedestrian crossing behaviour is useful to evaluate the implementation of novel pedestrian crossing environments. The study offers insights applicable to urban planning and policy approaches for reducing pedestrian accidents by utilising strategies such as extended signal timing, audible signals, countdown timers, and optimising intersection design to improve pedestrian safety.
Program the International Summer Course Architecture (ISCA) 2023 dianjurkan oleh Universitas Suma... more Program the International Summer Course Architecture (ISCA) 2023 dianjurkan oleh Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), Medan, INDONESIA. ISCA 2023 yang bertemakan “Historic Urban Landscape Approach for Future Medan Architectural Heritage” dirancang untuk menampung penglibatan pelajar antarabangsa, pensyarah dan pakar dalam warisan budaya dan reka bentuk bandar. Seramai 78 peserta daripada negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Timor Timur, Singapura dan Sudan telah menghadiri program ini. Ini termasuk pelajar antarabangsa seperti Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), dan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia, Universidade Da Paz, Timor Timur, National University of Singapore, serta pelajar tempatan Indonesia daripada USU, Catholic University of Saint Thomas Medan, Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang, dan Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia.
Technology disruption makes it difficult for rural areas to cope with digital infrastructure and ... more Technology disruption makes it difficult for rural areas to cope with digital infrastructure and people's readiness to embrace changes. Indeed, technological advancements provide greater opportunities to transform rural areas into instinctive living environments-destinations to invest, work, live, and visit. However, a significant question arises: how far has this innovative technology been practised in rural activities? The current paper aims to demonstrate the application of a Malaysia Assessment Measure for Modern Rural Development (MAMRD); it incorporates the rural technology practices for appraising the score (index) towards a modern rural approach, thereby enabling lessons to be learned for further improvements. From this measurement, it was found that the aquatourism and smart community-based village (Kampung Padang Rumbia, Pekan, Pahang) scored 55.92% in the overall index, which could put it into a three-star rating village. The fishing-based village (Kampung Tepi Sungai, Sungai Muda, Kedah) gained two-star with 30.51%. The results become the self-checked intervention for them to move towards a modern rural approach. In the end, MAMRD shall assist all stakeholders who rely on rural and community transformation, such as Institute for Rural Enhancement (INFRA) and Jawatankuasa Pengurusan Keselamatan Kampung (JPKK). Undeniably, this paper also reveals the agendas of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) towards societal harmony and happiness.
Participatory governance is widely viewed as an essential element of realizing planned smart citi... more Participatory governance is widely viewed as an essential element of realizing planned smart cities. Nonetheless, the implementation of e-participation platforms, such as the websites and mobile applications of civic authorities, often offer ambiguous information on how public voices may influence e-decision-making. This study aims to examine the status of participatory governance from the angle of e-participation platforms and from the broader scope of linking e-platforms to a smart city blueprint. In order to achieve this aim, the study focuses on shedding light on the e-governance space given to smart city realization in a developing country context—i.e., Malaysia. The Putrajaya and Petaling Jaya smart cities of Malaysia were selected as the testbeds of the study, which used the multiple case study methodology and multiple data collection designs. The analyses were done through the qualitative observations and quantitative descriptive statistics. The results revealed that both of...
Abstract<br> Lack of understanding across the global north and global south, and with the n... more Abstract<br> Lack of understanding across the global north and global south, and with the need for alternative development paths in smart urbanism discourse are issues highlighted by recent smart urbanism research. Therefore, this paper aims to comprehend the trends of smart urbanism across contrasting geographies and to learn about the alternative direction of the development of smart cities. This study applied the research methods of document analysis and case study on the continents of North America, Europe, and Asia. The study showed that the North America corporations (i.e., IBM smarter city) are leading the approach of technology-driven method (TDM) and corporate smart city concept, European scholars and institutions have strong influence on the human-driven method (HDM) approach (i.e., the Amsterdam smart city), while Asian countries are discursively learning and applying smart city's ideas and practices from North America and Europe. A mixture of approaches are fou...
Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 2021
The right to the city concept is widely debated in academic discourse yet ambiguously executed in... more The right to the city concept is widely debated in academic discourse yet ambiguously executed in public discourse. In much of the discussion, the right to the city is advocated as a right that humans should claim—i.e., participating in urban space living. Nonetheless, constraints and limits are imposed on such advocacy, resulting in a tokenized implementation state. With such a background surmounting the COVID-19 pandemic era, this study is aimed at understanding the right to the city propagation and revealing the possible wrongs of such civic advocacy. Multiple cases in Malaysia were selected for analysis and as the discussion context representing the state-of-the-art aspect of right to the city in the context of an emerging country. Two potential misconceptions through the action of right to the city were identified: first, the concept of right to the city has the potential to infringe the centrality of power, which both citizens and the authority have to make clear; second, the ...
Local government performance is frequently interpreted through stakeholders’ satisfaction measure... more Local government performance is frequently interpreted through stakeholders’ satisfaction measured by statistical analyses. Apart from testing the relationship, the perception of satisfaction on services provided is further influenced by the degree of expectation being met, and understanding the customer behaviour. Thus, this study attempts to explore an alternative explanation on the character of the local authority (LA) and put in perspective through the comprehension of the role theory. This was an exploratory case study on Kulim Hi-tech Local Authority, Malaysia. The mixed method approaches were firstly carried out by questionnaire surveys, followed by interviewing stakeholders and ended with site observations. Descriptive analyses were applied to the random samples. Findings showed that the LA has executed its roles of control and collect very well. However, it did not fare well in the role of publish.
Citizen participation is a much contested and conflicting term, whereby the general consensus hig... more Citizen participation is a much contested and conflicting term, whereby the general consensus highlighted its value for a democratic society. However, various complex issues regarding its understanding and implementation from power holders and citizens alike are abundant in practice. Therefore, this paper aims to make sense of the issues of citizen participation from the perspective of different stakeholders, such as power holders and have-not citizens. Purposive sampling on 45 informants was utilized in this study to facilitate a qualitative research design using in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, open and axial coding allowed the formation of themes regarding the understanding on the specific phenomenon of citizen participation in city programs conducted by the local authorities of the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The themes that surfaced as issues included the dependency on government resources, mismatch of interest, organized and collective citizen force, and life cycle approach an...
Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 2023
Purpose – Common evaluation tools on e-government websites are available globally and locally to ... more Purpose – Common evaluation tools on e-government websites are available globally and locally to standardise and improve the quality of information and services. However, a commonly ignored aspect is the way to obtain detailed measurements of factors influencing citizen centricity; in other words, how official websites cater to the needs and contributions of citizens at different levels of government. Thus, this paper aims to apply a citizen-centric framework in evaluating the e-government websites of three different levels of authority in Malaysia: federal, state and local. Design/methodology/approach – The adapted citizen-centric checklist for e-government websites (aCCEW) with 40 characteristics across four components – openness (21), transparency (5), participation (10) and responsiveness (4) – was adopted to evaluate case studies of 36 government agency websites in Malaysia. Any conformity between the characteristics was marked using a binary measure, and the citizen-centric value was calculated for each component/characteristic. Findings – Through website observations, ratings and descriptive comparisons, this study found that the aCCEW is a useful tool, especially for identifying certain critically violated factors. These were deficiencies in e-decision-making, revealing successful initiatives created through open data, revealing fund transfers and expenditure records and the level of social media responsiveness. Research limitations/implications – The research contributes theoretically by improvising characteristics in the CCEW to become aCCEW and testing it in multiple levels of government in Malaysia to see its applicability to be adopted in other similar research of e-governments. This could become a new benchmark through the additional research insights it offers into similar perspectives of public values realisation in e-government website design that focuses on more than merely functionality. Attempt to relate the violated factors and strengths of aCCEW website design components to the level of centralisation (power) of federal, state and local governments was also genuine in the e-government research. Practical implications – Regardless of the many different government systems, federal, state and local governments can benchmark the examples assessed in this study, rethink their power relationships, and further improve their e-platforms to suit the contexts of their users/residents’ needs and contributions. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study contributed to the first Malaysiabased research that identifies and compares factors that contribute to citizen-centric e-government website building at the federal, state and local government levels. The discussion adds value by comparing different systems and levels of e-government websites to their power possession. Keywords: Citizen centricity, E-democracy, E-government Web portal, E-participation, Power, Public value Paper type Research paper
Governing a city's development with the use of standards started relatively recently, in the mid-... more Governing a city's development with the use of standards started relatively recently, in the mid-2010s. However, the issues of such city standards in systematically governing future smart cities remains largely unknown under the digital infrastructural stress of the post-COVID-19 era. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the issues and directions in developing the Malaysian smart sustainable cities and communities standards that suit the post-COVID-19 era. This study applied the multiple case study method to compare the international literatures and the local smart city webinars. The results showed that smart city standards were welcomed by policymakers and practitioners, although issues such as learning, connectivity, and citizenship rationale need to be addressed. More focus should be put on how humans relearn and responsibly participate in the post-COVID-19 cyber-physical ecosystem in order to create a healthy and sustainable digital-based society. This paper has contributed as one of the first researches examining the role of smart city standards in Malaysia.
The rise of robotics poses thorny ethical questions about how we govern entities that sit between... more The rise of robotics poses thorny ethical questions about how we govern entities that sit between the conscience of humanity and the mechanical nature of machines like a dishwasher or a lawnmower. Getting on the front foot with governance could make a huge difference by the end of the decade.
As 2021 onwards is set to witness the nationwide implementation of smart city initiatives, the is... more As 2021 onwards is set to witness the nationwide implementation of smart city initiatives, the issues faced by local authorities in the implementation critically require guidance. The level of challenges has been exacerbated by the impact of COVID-19, and Malaysian cities urgently need to establish a new normality in which technological solutions must be adopted to address urban issues. Thus, the objectives of this article are (1) to identify the implementation challenges and (2) to suggest strategies and opportunities to the decision makers and administrators. This article applies the participatory observation method in a smart city webinar in general with a case study of Putrajaya. Verbal data are transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that smart city implementation is facing major challenges in terms of stakeholder partnerships, funding, and infrastructure. The authors recommend the necessity to review the focus of a smart city whether to be technological-led or citizen-centric through co-creation. This paper is timely to provide practical knowledge and suggestions to smart city planning, governance, and management bodies. It is likely to be applicable to other parts of the world that intend to implement smart city initiatives.
Keywords: Co-creation with citizens, Putrajaya, resourcing and talent planning, smart cities, smart governance, urban planning, and management.
The 3rd Conference on Asian Inclusive Smart Cities in the Post Covid-19 Arena: Malaysia’s Perspectives on Inclusiveness Smart Cities, 14-15 November 2023, The Intercontinental Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. International Islamic University Malaysia a, 2023
Smart city development injected with the inclusivity element is a rising trend in the field of su... more Smart city development injected with the inclusivity element is a rising trend in the field of sustainable development. While the inclusiveness concept was acclaimed, the smart city blueprint's deeper analysis was lacking. Taking a case in Malaysia, this article aims to assess the Putrajaya smart city's promotion of inclusive-smart development, focusing on social exclusion and governance aspects. The inclusivity regime themes and items were identified and quantitative text analysis and statistical approach were adopted to achieve the above aim. The findings reveal the blueprint excludes the wider spectrum of displaced settlers and vulnerable groups, and it is suggested considering the wider societal need to address the community's real problems holistically. While the effort of Putrajaya in leading as one of the sustainable smart development in Asia is evident, this article contributes to critical Asian urban scholarship by revealing the possibility that subtly engineered social exclusion within Smart Putrajaya is developing.
E-Proceeding of the 6th Undergraduate Seminar on Built Environment and Technology (USBET) 2023, 25 - 27 September 2023, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perak Branch, Malaysia, 2023
Safe City Program was launched in Malaysia two decades ago. It aims to realise a safe living envi... more Safe City Program was launched in Malaysia two decades ago. It aims to realise a safe living environment for city dwellers. However, little evidence is found to assess its effectiveness, and decision-makers lack evidence in furthering such urban policy. Taking the case study of Taman Sungai Chua, Kajang, Selangor, this study intends to fill in such a gap by assessing residents' perception of the effectiveness of the safe city programme. The method used in this study is questionnaire surveys involving 122 respondents. The survey items largely related to the physical aspects of a residential area, i.e., built environment, and layout design. The collected data were analysed through descriptive statistical analysis. The findings showed that the level of security in the Sungai Chua housing area as a place to live is at a moderate level. The gridiron layout design has influenced the occurrence of crime. Suggestions to sustain the safe city program in Taman Sungai Chua include building defensive boundaries, i.e., installing fences around the house, limiting the gridiron housing layout design-high level of access to restricted access; and increasing surveillance qualities, i.e., placing guard houses, installing closed-circuit television (CCTV) and lights for good lighting at night. This study has contributed a case evident in assessing the safe city programme in Malaysia. This finding would add insights for the decision-makers and residents in dealing with crime in residential areas.
The International Innovation, Invention & Design Competition (INDES) 2023, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Extended Abstract e-Book, 2023
Rural areas are the essential economic focal points for improving rural livelihoods and reducing ... more Rural areas are the essential economic focal points for improving rural livelihoods and reducing the life quality gaps between urban and rural areas. To that extent, rural assets and resourcesand rural service centres become essential elements to be further explored and assessed to offer opportunities and prevent any obstacles or difficulties rural communities face in fulfilling their needs. Inspired by this, the current project aims to offer a Malaysian modern rural ranking index, the so-called Malaysia Assessment Measure for Modern Rural Development (MAMRD)-a missing link approach for assessing rural development progress towards a modern rural system. The MAMRD was formulated through the content analysis on the DPFDN's proposed projects and DPLB and the literature study/ benchmarking international best practices related to smart village development. Moreover, it was tested and validated based on focus group discussions (FGDs) in three case studies. It was constructed on the three-dimensional objectives measure, comprising 13 criteria groups and 141 criteria to rank a village in a MAMRD star rating index. Using the MAMRD for the rural assessment is reliable to optimise the rural performance towards the future niches and the ways forward of rural development in Malaysia-rural resilient-liveable-and-smart-and is the missing link to the implementation of existing government policies such as the Dasar Perancangan Fizikal (DPF) Desa Negara 2030 and Dasar Pembangunan Luar Bandar (DPLB) 2030.
This full CV of Dr Lim Seng Boon explains his education, research background and expertise, commu... more This full CV of Dr Lim Seng Boon explains his education, research background and expertise, community services, and selected publications in detail. He welcomes research collaborations from scholars and practitioners. Feel free to contact him at lim@uitm.edu.my or limsengboonn@gmail.com.
The International Conference on Integrated Urban Planning 2021 (ICIUP2021), Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, 12 Oct 2021, pp.1–12, 2021
Background: Governing the city development through standards is a recent trend that began in the ... more Background: Governing the city development through standards is a recent trend that began in the mid-2010s since the publication of standards related to smart sustainable cities and communities by the British Standard Institutions (BSI) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). However, future cities are even more complex, and the source of wicked problems exist under the cyber-physical ecosystem (physical, digital and biology). The effectiveness of such city standards in systematically governing future smart cities remains largely unknown under the digital infrastructural stress of the post-COVID-19 era. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the issues and directions in developing the Malaysian smart sustainable cities and communities standards that suit the post-COVID-19 era. Method: This study applied the multiple-case study method to compare the international literatures and the local smart city webinars. Through the application of Atlas.ti and Mendeley, thematic analyses were performed to identify the themes that emerged. Results: The results showed that smart city standards were welcomed by policymakers and practitioners, although issues such as learning (i.e., accrediting knowledge of how the system responds to post-pandemic circumstances), connectivity (i.e., how IoT and 5G interconnect and provide intelligence), and citizenship rationale (i.e., how to bring in responsible roles and direct participation of citizens) need to be addressed. Conclusion: The direction of the smart sustainable city standards will inevitably emphasise on digital infrastructure, connectivity and data security. However, more focus should be put on how humans relearn and responsibly participate in the post-COVID-19 cyber-physical ecosystem in order to create a healthy and sustainable digital-based society. This paper has contributed as one of the first researches examining the role of smart city standards in Malaysia.
The 1st International Conference on Social Science, Humanity and Technology 2021 (ICoSSHTech2021), 16-17 June 2021, Virtual Conference from Makassar, Indonesia, 2021
Abstract
Introduction: The political struggle of applying ‘good enough governance’ is a factor i... more Abstract
Introduction: The political struggle of applying ‘good enough governance’ is a factor in governing a smart city society, considering changes in citizens’ value propositions, and under a Collective and Adaptive System (CAS) that shows desirable and ethical issues. Objective: This study aims to explain and analyze the application of good enough governance in considering the citizens’ value propositions that shape the smart society. Method: This study applied the quantitative method. Survey data were derived from the World Values Survey. Malaysia was chosen as the main study area, and compared with Indonesia and other countries worldwide. Three items of assessment were selected: a) important values in life, b) qualities for children to develop, and c) materialist vs. post-materialist values. Statistical graphs were formulated using geographical location, majority religion, and economic status. Results: The study found that politics is the value of least concern across all samples. In terms of qualities for children to develop, respondents in both Malaysia and Indonesia were less concerned about imagination and unselfishness. As for materialist vs. post-materialist, the ratios of Malaysia and Indonesia (1.9:1 and 2.9:1) were slightly higher than the average (1.5:1); the post-materialist value of free speech was the lowest value chosen. In the long term, all countries are experiencing the trend of moving toward post-materialist societies. Conclusion: To be sustaining under the CAS of smart societies, good enough governance in Malaysia and Indonesia should consider the cultural context of the Muslim majority, prioritize governance content that allows more space for political participation and free speech, and cultivate the imagination and unselfishness of children.
Keywords: Good governance, political struggle, post-materialism, smart society, world values
e-Prosiding Persidangan Antarabangsa Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (PASAK), 23-24 April, KUIS, Malaysia, 2018
While certain smart cities are lauded to be citizen-centric, they are actually not so in practice... more While certain smart cities are lauded to be citizen-centric, they are actually not so in practice. Most cities clearly lack a conceptual understanding of the ideal characteristics of its citizens and their involvement in public life. Thus, the objective of this paper was twofold to identify the desired characteristics of the citizens of citizen-centric smart cities as well as to discuss the hurdles to citizens' participation in the initiatives of smart cities. This qualitative study has conducted interviews on smart city experts. Conceptually, instead of being passive data users or beneficiaries of services, citizens can actually be active and independent participants of public life, co-producers of public values, as well as human sensors who drive changes through deliberative democracy. It has been argued that the objectives and success of citizen-centric smart cities are completely reliant on a strong understanding of the citizens' characteristics and direct participation in public life. As such, the adoption of a participatory paradigm might support the successful creation of citizen-centric smart cities mainly through public awareness and acceptance of these values.
This ‘Coffee Book Table’ narrates the Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) participants’ valuable sha... more This ‘Coffee Book Table’ narrates the Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) participants’ valuable sharing while unravelling the stories in participating in the First International Summer Course Architecture organized by Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), Medan, Indonesia. With a soul full of passion, the authors captured every moment of their trip in the seven chapters, ranging from the warm smiles of the locals and the tempting aromas of the traditional Medan kitchens to the historical urban landscape knowledge learned there. In ten days of divided time, they witnessed the charming story of the Kesawan old city and the USU campus, filled with many colours and preoccupations. Between the excitement of the traditional markets and the twinkling of the city lights, mingling with other international and Indonesian students, they encountered gorgeousness while exploring every corner of this historic and charming city. Through pictures that captivate the soul and the words of their hearts, they present a living portrait of the Kesawan old city in all its majesty. This publication has contributed as the first UiTM Perak publication to record the students’ outbound program experiences in an international programme. It is an invaluable reference for educators and students organizing or participating in related programmes to groom students’ leadership, interpersonal skills and technical knowledge development.
Buku ini ditulis berasaskan epistemologi pasca materialis dengan hakikat (ontologi) bahawa landas... more Buku ini ditulis berasaskan epistemologi pasca materialis dengan hakikat (ontologi) bahawa landasan kemunculan bandar pintar bertitik tolak daripada budaya kebendaan teknologi termaju seperti teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi (ICT). Namun begitu sebagai pemikir pasca materialis metode pemahaman terhadap pembangunan bandar pintar lebih jauh daripada itu. Pembangunan bandar pintar tidak semestinya dilihat dari sudut perancangan ICT semata-mata, tetapi juga dilihat kepada yang lebih inklusif, komprehensif, kolaboratif dan simbiosis dengan kehidupan manusia yang sebenar. Justeru, Pembangunan bandar pintar berpusatkan rakyat (citizen-centrict Smart City) perlu diketengahkan dalam kerancakan budaya material bandar pintar di peringkat global, serantau dan lokal. Perkembangan mutakhir, pembangunan bandar pintar (smart city) semakin popular dan didominasi oleh teknologi termaju di bawah Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) seperti kecerdasan pintar dan IoT. Di bawah arus perbandaran pintar tekno-utopianisme 4IR tersebut, pihak berkepentingan dan berkuasa nampaknya lebih cenderung mengadakan usaha sama dengan sektor korporat teknologi termaju demi mencapai visi dan misi pentadbiran mereka. Namun, di pihak rakyat dan pihak awam seperti diabaikan malah penglibatan, kerjasama dan peranan mereka tidak begitu menonjol. Demi menyedarkan pihak berkepentingan tentang perlunya peranan rakyat dan pihak awam dalam kemajuan bandar pintar, buku ini mengemukakan satu alternatif nilai (axiologi) pemikiran humanisme yang menekan konsep ‘berpusatkan rakyat’ dalam pembangunan bandar pintar. Konsep berpusatkan rakyat ini adalah bertepatan dengan visi Wawasan Kemakmuran Bersama 2030 dalam menekankan aspek keterangkuman, iaitu kefahaman, jenis dan proses penglibatan, serta peranan dan sikap rakyat berkenaan. Model bandar pintar berpusatkan rakyat yang dikemukakan dalam buku ini menekankan elemen pintar insan, tadbir urus yang wajar dan unik. Berbeza dengan model bandar pintar yang bertunjang teknologi termaju. Selain itu, buku ini dapat membuka minda awam kepada pemikiran ‘bersama rakyat’ demi merealisasikan budaya muafakat dalam hal membangunkan bandar pintar.
Buku ini telah menggariskan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh bandar pintar ubiquitous (U-City) berbandi... more Buku ini telah menggariskan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh bandar pintar ubiquitous (U-City) berbanding dengan bandar bertemakan teknologi yang lain. Nilai teknologi ‘ubiquitous’ seperti ubiq pengkomputeran, ubiq penjaringan, dan ubiq urbanisme adalah semakin penting dan perlu dikembangkan kepada pemahaman masyarakat umum. Demi niat sedemikian, buku ini membincangkan dengan teliti dari segi pembentukan konsep, hubung kait dengan epistemologi 4IR, arah pembangunan mampan-mapan dan cadangan pelaksanaan U-City yang mungkin sesuai untuk pembangunan dan perancangan bandar di Malaysia. Tambahan lagi dalam Wawasan Kemakmuran Bersama 2030, Rancangan Malaysia Ke-11 dan ke-12, Kerangka Bandar Pintar 2019, serta Dasar 4IR Negara, pembangunan bertemakan teknologi ubiquitous telah digariskan sebagai langkah penting ke arah pembandaran pintar masa hadapan di Malaysia. Dengan pemahaman mendalam pembangunan ubiquitous yang dikupas dalam buku ini, masyarakat tempatan akan dapat membezakan naratif wacana Barat/ Korea Selatan, justeru bergabung dengan ilmu lokal dalam membangunkan bandar pintar U-City yang sesuai dengan acuan masyarakat tempatan.
PENGENALAN Bandar adalah projek utopia yang mungkin wujud hasil rekaan dan idaman arkitek dan per... more PENGENALAN Bandar adalah projek utopia yang mungkin wujud hasil rekaan dan idaman arkitek dan perancang bandar seperti Le Corbusier (city of tomorrow, the radiant city), Ebenezer Howard (the garden city), dan aktivis Jane Jacobs (the death and life of great American cities) (Ganjavie 2012; Moxley 2018; Scott 1998; Searle 2012). Walau bagaimanapun, rekaan utopia sedemikian adalah tidak mudah kerana bandar adalah kompleks, dan terdiri daripada elemen-elemen tertentu seperti politik-ekonomi, alam persekitaran dan sosial manusia yang saling bertindak demi mencapai keseimbangan pembangunan. ‘Keseimbangan’ adalah sangat sensitif dan bergantung kepada ‘bagaimana campur tangan dalam organisasi elemen tersebut berlaku melalui jenis perancangan yang pelbagai’ (Batty & Marshall 2009). Dalam ‘campur tangan’ yang terkini, penggunaan ICT, Internet of Things (IoT) dan alat lain yang berkaitan teknologi adalah dipercayai dan dipraktikkan oleh kebanyakan pembuat polisi bandar di seluruh dunia (March 2018). Hal ini dapat dilihat daripada perkembangan pembentukan bandar lama/terancang mengikut konsep idaman atau tekno utopia ‘bandar pintar’, yang rukunnya adalah kepercayaan dan kebergantungan terhadap ICT dalam menyelesaikan isu bandar dan mencapai visi pembangunan (Mora et al. 2017).
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Papers by Seng Boon Lim
SDG: Isu ini dikaitkan dengan SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
Cadangan: Membina jenis warga UiTM (staff dan pelajar) yang sedar melalui participatory platform baru dipanggil Decide WargaUiTM. Platform Decide WargaUiTM ini boleh merujuk kepada open source Consul-Decide Madrid.
Sumbangan: Platform Consul Participatory Platform berkembang di 35 negara di dunia, namun di Asia masih belum ada. Maka, membangunkan cadangan ini akan menyumbang kepada penglibatan warga universiti (atau warga bandar) yang pertama di Asia, dan di Malaysia.
practices in a smart city. This innovative
conception argues that instead of the traditional view of fulfilling the citizen’s needs, the citizens should co-produce, participate and contribute to building a sustainable smart city together with the government and corporates. To construct the above CCSC model, two “forward-looking” cities were selected as case studies, namely the Cyberjaya and Petaling Jaya Smart Cities. This
study is exploratory in nature and adopted the
transformative mixed method sequential QUAL→Quan, including a systematic literature review, interviews, and surveys. The records for the systematic literature review of the social inclusion indicators for building citizen-centric smart cities were searched from the Google Scholar database (n = 21,026), and 79 final included papers were analyzed. The primary data collection techniques were in-depth interviews with 38 informants and surveys comprising 486 samples. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze qualitative data, while the quantitative data were assessed via inferential statistics using Spearman’s correlation. The themes and networks of sub- themes derived from the verbatim data have supported and facilitated the main constructs comprising 47 items used in the questionnaire. The outcomes of Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed three significant factors in building the CCSC model: participation types and processes, as well as roles of citizens.
Design/methodology/approach – The adapted citizen-centric checklist for e-government websites (aCCEW) with 40 characteristics across four components – openness (21), transparency (5), participation (10) and responsiveness (4) – was adopted to evaluate case studies of 36 government agency websites in Malaysia. Any conformity between the characteristics was marked using a binary measure, and the citizen-centric value was calculated for each component/characteristic.
Findings – Through website observations, ratings and descriptive comparisons, this study found that the aCCEW is a useful tool, especially for identifying certain critically violated factors. These were deficiencies in e-decision-making, revealing successful initiatives created through open data, revealing fund transfers and expenditure records and the level of social media responsiveness.
Research limitations/implications – The research contributes theoretically by improvising characteristics in the CCEW to become aCCEW and testing it in multiple levels of government in Malaysia to see its applicability to be adopted in other similar research of e-governments. This could become a new benchmark through the additional research insights it offers into similar perspectives of public values realisation in e-government website design that focuses on more than merely functionality. Attempt to relate the violated factors and strengths of aCCEW website design components to the level of centralisation (power) of federal, state and local governments was also genuine in the e-government research.
Practical implications – Regardless of the many different government systems, federal, state and local governments can benchmark the examples assessed in this study, rethink their power relationships, and further improve their e-platforms to suit the contexts of their users/residents’ needs and contributions.
Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study contributed to the first Malaysiabased research that identifies and compares factors that contribute to citizen-centric e-government website building at the federal, state and local government levels. The discussion adds value by comparing different systems and levels of e-government websites to their power possession.
Keywords: Citizen centricity, E-democracy, E-government Web portal, E-participation, Power, Public value
Paper type Research paper
administrators. This article applies the participatory observation method in a smart city webinar in general with a case study of Putrajaya. Verbal data are transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that smart city implementation is facing major challenges in terms of stakeholder partnerships, funding, and infrastructure. The authors recommend the necessity to review the focus of a smart city whether to be technological-led or citizen-centric through co-creation. This paper is timely to provide practical knowledge and suggestions to smart city planning, governance, and management bodies. It is likely to be applicable to other parts of the world that intend to implement smart city initiatives.
Keywords: Co-creation with citizens, Putrajaya, resourcing and talent planning, smart cities, smart governance, urban planning, and management.
SDG: Isu ini dikaitkan dengan SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
Cadangan: Membina jenis warga UiTM (staff dan pelajar) yang sedar melalui participatory platform baru dipanggil Decide WargaUiTM. Platform Decide WargaUiTM ini boleh merujuk kepada open source Consul-Decide Madrid.
Sumbangan: Platform Consul Participatory Platform berkembang di 35 negara di dunia, namun di Asia masih belum ada. Maka, membangunkan cadangan ini akan menyumbang kepada penglibatan warga universiti (atau warga bandar) yang pertama di Asia, dan di Malaysia.
practices in a smart city. This innovative
conception argues that instead of the traditional view of fulfilling the citizen’s needs, the citizens should co-produce, participate and contribute to building a sustainable smart city together with the government and corporates. To construct the above CCSC model, two “forward-looking” cities were selected as case studies, namely the Cyberjaya and Petaling Jaya Smart Cities. This
study is exploratory in nature and adopted the
transformative mixed method sequential QUAL→Quan, including a systematic literature review, interviews, and surveys. The records for the systematic literature review of the social inclusion indicators for building citizen-centric smart cities were searched from the Google Scholar database (n = 21,026), and 79 final included papers were analyzed. The primary data collection techniques were in-depth interviews with 38 informants and surveys comprising 486 samples. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze qualitative data, while the quantitative data were assessed via inferential statistics using Spearman’s correlation. The themes and networks of sub- themes derived from the verbatim data have supported and facilitated the main constructs comprising 47 items used in the questionnaire. The outcomes of Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed three significant factors in building the CCSC model: participation types and processes, as well as roles of citizens.
Design/methodology/approach – The adapted citizen-centric checklist for e-government websites (aCCEW) with 40 characteristics across four components – openness (21), transparency (5), participation (10) and responsiveness (4) – was adopted to evaluate case studies of 36 government agency websites in Malaysia. Any conformity between the characteristics was marked using a binary measure, and the citizen-centric value was calculated for each component/characteristic.
Findings – Through website observations, ratings and descriptive comparisons, this study found that the aCCEW is a useful tool, especially for identifying certain critically violated factors. These were deficiencies in e-decision-making, revealing successful initiatives created through open data, revealing fund transfers and expenditure records and the level of social media responsiveness.
Research limitations/implications – The research contributes theoretically by improvising characteristics in the CCEW to become aCCEW and testing it in multiple levels of government in Malaysia to see its applicability to be adopted in other similar research of e-governments. This could become a new benchmark through the additional research insights it offers into similar perspectives of public values realisation in e-government website design that focuses on more than merely functionality. Attempt to relate the violated factors and strengths of aCCEW website design components to the level of centralisation (power) of federal, state and local governments was also genuine in the e-government research.
Practical implications – Regardless of the many different government systems, federal, state and local governments can benchmark the examples assessed in this study, rethink their power relationships, and further improve their e-platforms to suit the contexts of their users/residents’ needs and contributions.
Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study contributed to the first Malaysiabased research that identifies and compares factors that contribute to citizen-centric e-government website building at the federal, state and local government levels. The discussion adds value by comparing different systems and levels of e-government websites to their power possession.
Keywords: Citizen centricity, E-democracy, E-government Web portal, E-participation, Power, Public value
Paper type Research paper
administrators. This article applies the participatory observation method in a smart city webinar in general with a case study of Putrajaya. Verbal data are transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that smart city implementation is facing major challenges in terms of stakeholder partnerships, funding, and infrastructure. The authors recommend the necessity to review the focus of a smart city whether to be technological-led or citizen-centric through co-creation. This paper is timely to provide practical knowledge and suggestions to smart city planning, governance, and management bodies. It is likely to be applicable to other parts of the world that intend to implement smart city initiatives.
Keywords: Co-creation with citizens, Putrajaya, resourcing and talent planning, smart cities, smart governance, urban planning, and management.
Method: This study applied the multiple-case study method to compare the international literatures and the local smart city webinars. Through the application of Atlas.ti and Mendeley, thematic analyses were performed to identify the themes that emerged.
Results: The results showed that smart city standards were welcomed by policymakers and practitioners, although issues such as learning (i.e., accrediting knowledge of how the system responds to post-pandemic circumstances), connectivity (i.e., how IoT and 5G interconnect and provide intelligence), and citizenship rationale (i.e., how to bring in responsible roles and direct participation of citizens) need to be addressed.
Conclusion: The direction of the smart sustainable city standards will inevitably emphasise on digital infrastructure, connectivity and data security. However, more focus should be put on how humans relearn and responsibly participate in the post-COVID-19 cyber-physical ecosystem in order to create a healthy and sustainable digital-based society. This paper has contributed as one of the first researches examining the role of smart city standards in Malaysia.
Introduction: The political struggle of applying ‘good enough governance’ is a factor in governing a smart city society, considering changes in citizens’ value propositions, and under a Collective and Adaptive System (CAS) that shows desirable and ethical issues.
Objective: This study aims to explain and analyze the application of good enough governance in considering the citizens’ value propositions that shape the smart society.
Method: This study applied the quantitative method. Survey data were derived from the World Values Survey. Malaysia was chosen as the main study area, and compared with Indonesia and other countries worldwide. Three items of assessment were selected: a) important values in life, b) qualities for children to develop, and c) materialist vs. post-materialist values. Statistical graphs were formulated using geographical location, majority religion, and economic status.
Results: The study found that politics is the value of least concern across all samples. In terms of qualities for children to develop, respondents in both Malaysia and Indonesia were less concerned about imagination and unselfishness. As for materialist vs. post-materialist, the ratios of Malaysia and Indonesia (1.9:1 and 2.9:1) were slightly higher than the average (1.5:1); the post-materialist value of free speech was the lowest value chosen. In the long term, all countries are experiencing the trend of moving toward post-materialist societies.
Conclusion: To be sustaining under the CAS of smart societies, good enough governance in Malaysia and Indonesia should consider the cultural context of the Muslim majority, prioritize governance content that allows more space for political participation and free speech, and cultivate the imagination and unselfishness of children.
Keywords: Good governance, political struggle, post-materialism, smart society, world values