With the establishment of the Croatian Competition Agency in 1997 in light of Croatia's prepa... more With the establishment of the Croatian Competition Agency in 1997 in light of Croatia's preparation for accession to the European Union and the ongoing negotiation process, the relevant EU Competition legislation had to be translated into Croatian. Since the subject matter concerned is a rather fledgling field in Croatia, linguists and lawyers encounter difficulties in comprehending competition terminology and are plagued by terminological inconsistency in the existing translations and legal documents. This contribution attempts to identify relevant competition terminology “ antitrust” , “ cartel” , “ market” “ distortion” , “ restraints on competition” , “ abuse of a dominant position” , “ concentration” etc.) and to propose adequate equivalents in Croatian which are most frequently used, as shown by the example of the Decisions of the Croatian Competition Agency published in the Official Gazette. Finally, the ultimate aim is to avoid further terminological inconsistencies in the field of competition and to enable both lawyers and undertakings to easier understand the relevant laws and regulations, especially those who will have to deal with this important issue in the near future. To promote user reliability a bilingual display of English, German and Slovene terms with Croatian equivalents is provided.
Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprude... more Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprudence, tools and methodologies of linguistic disciplines are today convincingly applied to judicial interpretation. In fact, some countries have witnessed a corpus-linguistic turn in jurisprudence, as judges endorse the use of corpus linguistics in construing the meaning of statutory instruments. Shifting the focus to the potential usage of parallel corpora in judicial decision-making, this chapter hypothesises whether parallel corpora can facilitate the multilingual interpretation of EU law, deriving arguments from analysed case law. It is maintained that parallel corpora of EU legislation could by employed to compare different language versions and in order to comply with the principle of consistent interpretation, putting the spotlight on the national courts of EU Member States.
Law, Language and the Courtroom, ed. by Gozdz Roszkowski, Stanislaw ; Pontrandolfo, Gianluca, UK: Routledge, 2022, 85-98, 2022
Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprude... more Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprudence, tools and methodologies of linguistic disciplines are today convincingly applied to judicial interpretation. In fact, some countries have witnessed a corpus-linguistic turn in jurisprudence, as judges endorse the use of corpus linguistics in construing the meaning of statutory instruments. Shifting the focus to the potential usage of parallel corpora in judicial decision-making, this chapter hypothesises whether parallel corpora can facilitate the multilingual interpretation of EU law, deriving arguments from analysed case law. It is maintained that parallel corpora of EU legislation could by employed to compare different language versions and in order to comply with the principle of consistent interpretation, putting the spotlight on the national courts of EU Member States.
Listen to this episode from Oxford Undergraduate Law Podcast on Spotify. In this first episode o... more Listen to this episode from Oxford Undergraduate Law Podcast on Spotify. In this first episode of Trinity Term 2023, Chen discusses the historical foundations, politics and evolution of legal translation in the EU with Professors Alice Leal (Witswatersrand) and Martina Bajčić (Rijeka). They also discuss the cultural implications and challenges of having versions of treaties and judgments in 27 Member State languages; and the impact of recent developments such as Brexit on the role of English, and on the status of member state languages more widely. Professor Martina Bajčić is the Head of the Department of Foreign Languages at the University of Rijeka and an Associate Professor of the Law Faculty. Her research and teaching interests are in the area of legal terminology, multilingual aspects of EU law, LSP and institutional translation and interpretation, on which she has published an impressive plethora of books and articles in journals including Perspectives and the International Journal of Language & Law https://open.spotify.com/episode/47EyzrkYQkPOEWFxSXwIVp
Terminology work constitutes an important factor not only in a modern international business envi... more Terminology work constitutes an important factor not only in a modern international business environment, but also in library and information science. Terminology management can improve the terminology workflow and enhance information retrieval. In addition, knowledge-oriented terminology workflow is essential for classification systems (as will be illustrated by the example of terminological inconsistency between subject and UDC system in the Library of the Faculty of Law in Rijeka), technical writing, translation and localisation. Finally, proper terminology management prevents spreading of inconsistencies and mistakes while increasing communication efficiency as well as quality assurance and quality control.
The profession of legal translators and interpreters has been unjustly neglected despite its rele... more The profession of legal translators and interpreters has been unjustly neglected despite its relevant role in international and multilingual legal settings. In order to bridge this gap, the authors present the status quo of the profession of legal translators and court interpreters and provide the roadmap for the way forward.
Section 1 sets the interdisciplinary tone of this chapter, underlining the relationship between l... more Section 1 sets the interdisciplinary tone of this chapter, underlining the relationship between law and language. Investigating this special relationship, section 2 compares the legal and linguistic approaches to meaning, while section 3 highlights the similarities between the teleological method of interpretation used by the CJEU and state-of-the-art linguistic approaches to the phenomenon of meaning. Section 4 summarizes insights of both legal and linguistic theoretical approaches to legal translation. In addition, it examines the applicability of functional equivalents as an adequate translation strategy in the EU context.
The book provides an overview of EU competition law with a focus on the main developments in Ital... more The book provides an overview of EU competition law with a focus on the main developments in Italy, Spain, Greece, Poland and Croatia and offers an in-depth analysis of the role of language, translation and multilingualism in its implementation and interpretation. The first part of the book focuses on the main developments in EU competition law in action, which includes legislation, case law and praxis. This part can be divided into two subparts: the private enforcement of EU competition law, and the cooperation among enforcers, i.e. the EU Commission, the national competition authorities and the national courts. Language is of paramount importance in the enforcement of EU competition law, and as such, the second part highlights legal linguistic skills, showcasing the advantages and the challenges of multilingualism, especially in the context of the predominant use of English as the EU drafting and vehicular language. The volume brings together contributions prepared and presented as part of the EU-funded research project “Training Action for Legal Practitioners: Linguistic Skills and Translation in EU Competition Law"
This paper explores the impact of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union in t... more This paper explores the impact of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the context of Union citizenship and internal market free movement law. The starting point is the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice on the right to use minority languages in court proceedings. According to the Court’s reasoning, this right should be extended to all mobile Union citizens on equal footing with nationals of the particular Member State granting that right to persons residing in a specific territorial entity of that State. The authors critically evaluate the legal basis of the Court’s approach, focusing on the interaction and mutual impact of internal market and citizenship case law. The paper further explores the national regulation of the right to use minority language in court proceedings, as well as the right to interpretation in criminal proceedings, and reveals possible inconsistencies with EU law. In addition, it investigates whether legislative interventions are ne...
Language and Culture in EU Law: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, ed. by Susan Šarčević, Surrey: Ashgate, Mar 9, 2015
The first two sections of this chapter examine how to cope with the implications of the Directive... more The first two sections of this chapter examine how to cope with the implications of the Directive for the profession of court interpreters. Its implementation provides ample opportunity to review the status of court interpreters in the EU and seek ways of improving it. The latter should proceed on two tracks: the educational or institutional and the professional, with the purpose of establishing a roadmap of general qualifications for court interpreters and making the profession more uniform throughout the EU, as is elaborated in the last two sections. This, in turn, can improve the quality of court proceedings and enhance the mutual recognition of judicial decisions in Europe.
With the establishment of the Croatian Competition Agency in 1997 in light of Croatia's prepa... more With the establishment of the Croatian Competition Agency in 1997 in light of Croatia's preparation for accession to the European Union and the ongoing negotiation process, the relevant EU Competition legislation had to be translated into Croatian. Since the subject matter concerned is a rather fledgling field in Croatia, linguists and lawyers encounter difficulties in comprehending competition terminology and are plagued by terminological inconsistency in the existing translations and legal documents. This contribution attempts to identify relevant competition terminology “ antitrust” , “ cartel” , “ market” “ distortion” , “ restraints on competition” , “ abuse of a dominant position” , “ concentration” etc.) and to propose adequate equivalents in Croatian which are most frequently used, as shown by the example of the Decisions of the Croatian Competition Agency published in the Official Gazette. Finally, the ultimate aim is to avoid further terminological inconsistencies in the field of competition and to enable both lawyers and undertakings to easier understand the relevant laws and regulations, especially those who will have to deal with this important issue in the near future. To promote user reliability a bilingual display of English, German and Slovene terms with Croatian equivalents is provided.
Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprude... more Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprudence, tools and methodologies of linguistic disciplines are today convincingly applied to judicial interpretation. In fact, some countries have witnessed a corpus-linguistic turn in jurisprudence, as judges endorse the use of corpus linguistics in construing the meaning of statutory instruments. Shifting the focus to the potential usage of parallel corpora in judicial decision-making, this chapter hypothesises whether parallel corpora can facilitate the multilingual interpretation of EU law, deriving arguments from analysed case law. It is maintained that parallel corpora of EU legislation could by employed to compare different language versions and in order to comply with the principle of consistent interpretation, putting the spotlight on the national courts of EU Member States.
Law, Language and the Courtroom, ed. by Gozdz Roszkowski, Stanislaw ; Pontrandolfo, Gianluca, UK: Routledge, 2022, 85-98, 2022
Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprude... more Despite initial scepticism of legal scholars towards the application of linguistics to jurisprudence, tools and methodologies of linguistic disciplines are today convincingly applied to judicial interpretation. In fact, some countries have witnessed a corpus-linguistic turn in jurisprudence, as judges endorse the use of corpus linguistics in construing the meaning of statutory instruments. Shifting the focus to the potential usage of parallel corpora in judicial decision-making, this chapter hypothesises whether parallel corpora can facilitate the multilingual interpretation of EU law, deriving arguments from analysed case law. It is maintained that parallel corpora of EU legislation could by employed to compare different language versions and in order to comply with the principle of consistent interpretation, putting the spotlight on the national courts of EU Member States.
Listen to this episode from Oxford Undergraduate Law Podcast on Spotify. In this first episode o... more Listen to this episode from Oxford Undergraduate Law Podcast on Spotify. In this first episode of Trinity Term 2023, Chen discusses the historical foundations, politics and evolution of legal translation in the EU with Professors Alice Leal (Witswatersrand) and Martina Bajčić (Rijeka). They also discuss the cultural implications and challenges of having versions of treaties and judgments in 27 Member State languages; and the impact of recent developments such as Brexit on the role of English, and on the status of member state languages more widely. Professor Martina Bajčić is the Head of the Department of Foreign Languages at the University of Rijeka and an Associate Professor of the Law Faculty. Her research and teaching interests are in the area of legal terminology, multilingual aspects of EU law, LSP and institutional translation and interpretation, on which she has published an impressive plethora of books and articles in journals including Perspectives and the International Journal of Language & Law https://open.spotify.com/episode/47EyzrkYQkPOEWFxSXwIVp
Terminology work constitutes an important factor not only in a modern international business envi... more Terminology work constitutes an important factor not only in a modern international business environment, but also in library and information science. Terminology management can improve the terminology workflow and enhance information retrieval. In addition, knowledge-oriented terminology workflow is essential for classification systems (as will be illustrated by the example of terminological inconsistency between subject and UDC system in the Library of the Faculty of Law in Rijeka), technical writing, translation and localisation. Finally, proper terminology management prevents spreading of inconsistencies and mistakes while increasing communication efficiency as well as quality assurance and quality control.
The profession of legal translators and interpreters has been unjustly neglected despite its rele... more The profession of legal translators and interpreters has been unjustly neglected despite its relevant role in international and multilingual legal settings. In order to bridge this gap, the authors present the status quo of the profession of legal translators and court interpreters and provide the roadmap for the way forward.
Section 1 sets the interdisciplinary tone of this chapter, underlining the relationship between l... more Section 1 sets the interdisciplinary tone of this chapter, underlining the relationship between law and language. Investigating this special relationship, section 2 compares the legal and linguistic approaches to meaning, while section 3 highlights the similarities between the teleological method of interpretation used by the CJEU and state-of-the-art linguistic approaches to the phenomenon of meaning. Section 4 summarizes insights of both legal and linguistic theoretical approaches to legal translation. In addition, it examines the applicability of functional equivalents as an adequate translation strategy in the EU context.
The book provides an overview of EU competition law with a focus on the main developments in Ital... more The book provides an overview of EU competition law with a focus on the main developments in Italy, Spain, Greece, Poland and Croatia and offers an in-depth analysis of the role of language, translation and multilingualism in its implementation and interpretation. The first part of the book focuses on the main developments in EU competition law in action, which includes legislation, case law and praxis. This part can be divided into two subparts: the private enforcement of EU competition law, and the cooperation among enforcers, i.e. the EU Commission, the national competition authorities and the national courts. Language is of paramount importance in the enforcement of EU competition law, and as such, the second part highlights legal linguistic skills, showcasing the advantages and the challenges of multilingualism, especially in the context of the predominant use of English as the EU drafting and vehicular language. The volume brings together contributions prepared and presented as part of the EU-funded research project “Training Action for Legal Practitioners: Linguistic Skills and Translation in EU Competition Law"
This paper explores the impact of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union in t... more This paper explores the impact of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the context of Union citizenship and internal market free movement law. The starting point is the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice on the right to use minority languages in court proceedings. According to the Court’s reasoning, this right should be extended to all mobile Union citizens on equal footing with nationals of the particular Member State granting that right to persons residing in a specific territorial entity of that State. The authors critically evaluate the legal basis of the Court’s approach, focusing on the interaction and mutual impact of internal market and citizenship case law. The paper further explores the national regulation of the right to use minority language in court proceedings, as well as the right to interpretation in criminal proceedings, and reveals possible inconsistencies with EU law. In addition, it investigates whether legislative interventions are ne...
Language and Culture in EU Law: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, ed. by Susan Šarčević, Surrey: Ashgate, Mar 9, 2015
The first two sections of this chapter examine how to cope with the implications of the Directive... more The first two sections of this chapter examine how to cope with the implications of the Directive for the profession of court interpreters. Its implementation provides ample opportunity to review the status of court interpreters in the EU and seek ways of improving it. The latter should proceed on two tracks: the educational or institutional and the professional, with the purpose of establishing a roadmap of general qualifications for court interpreters and making the profession more uniform throughout the EU, as is elaborated in the last two sections. This, in turn, can improve the quality of court proceedings and enhance the mutual recognition of judicial decisions in Europe.
This book focuses on legal concepts from the dual perspective of law and terminology. While legal... more This book focuses on legal concepts from the dual perspective of law and terminology. While legal concepts frame legal knowledge and take center stage in law, the discipline of terminology has traditionally been about concept description. Exploring topics common to both disciplines such as meaning, conceptualization and specialized knowledge transfer, the book gives a state-of-the-art account of legal interpretation, legal translation and legal lexicography with special emphasis on EU law. The special give-and-take of law and terminology is illuminated by real-life legal cases which demystify the ways courts do things with concepts. This original approach to the semantics of legal concepts is then incorporated into the making of a legal dictionary, thus filling a gap in the theory and practice of legal lexicography. With its rich repertoire of examples of legal terms in different languages, the book provides a blend of theory and practice, making it a valuable resource not only for scholars of law, language and lexicography but also for legal translators and students.
The profession of legal translators and interpreters has been unjustly neglected despite its rele... more The profession of legal translators and interpreters has been unjustly neglected despite its relevant role in international and multilingual legal settings. In order to bridge this gap, this volume brings together contributions from some of the leading experts in the field, including not only scholars, but also internationally acclaimed professional legal translators and interpreters. Coming from different EU Member States, the contributors address the status quo of the profession of legal translators and interpreters within their respective states, while proposing ways to raise the standards of the profession. In particular, effort is made to make the profession more uniform Union-wide in terms of training and accreditation of legal translators and interpreters and quality of their services. Topics covered include ISO standards for interpreting services in judicial settings, EULITA, Directive 2010/64/EU on the right to translation and interpretation in criminal proceedings, legal translation, translation of multilingual EU legislation, document translation, whispered interpreting, and the need to introduce uniform programmes for the education and training of legal translators and interpreters. Offering a mix of theory and practice, the book will appeal to scholars, practitioners and students with a special interest in legal translation and interpretation in the EU.
Poglavlje pruža uvod u problematiku pravnog prevođenja kao interdisciplinarnog područja. Sintetiz... more Poglavlje pruža uvod u problematiku pravnog prevođenja kao interdisciplinarnog područja. Sintetiziraju se teorijske postavke, kao i praktični izazovi ovog područja. Analizom konkretnih primjera pravnih prijevoda i utvrđivanja ekvivalenata donose se smjernice za rad pravnih prevoditelja.
Exploring the Social Dimension of Europe Essays in Honour of Nada Bodiroga-Vukobrat Eds. Sander, G., Pošćić, A., Martinović, A. Verlag Dr. Kovac, 2021 , 2021
Anregungen zum Umdenken der EU-Rechtsterminologie
Keywords: EU-Recht, Mehrsprachigkeit, Terminologie
Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty, Vol. 69, No. 5-6, 2019
Uloga jezika i prevođenja u izradi višejezičnoga zakonodavstva EU-a po-taknula je mnoge rasprave ... more Uloga jezika i prevođenja u izradi višejezičnoga zakonodavstva EU-a po-taknula je mnoge rasprave među pravnicima i jezikoslovcima. Usprkos tomu, malobrojni su interdisciplinarni pristupi utemeljeni u pravu EU-a, poredbeno-me pravu i teoriji prevođenja koji bi omogućili dublje razumijevanje procesa donošenja i tumačenja višejezičnoga zakonodavstva te uloge jezika i prevođe-nja u tim procesima. Kako kaže akademik Jakša Barbić, pravnicima nedostaje znanje koje imaju jezikoslovci, a jezikoslovcima znanje koje imaju pravnici. 1 U knjizi Legal Integration and Language Diversity. Rethinking Translation in EU Law-making, koju je izdavač Oxford University Press objavio 2018. godine, autor C. J. W. Baaij s lakoćom se bavi i pravnim i jezikoslovnim temama. Prevođenje zakonodavstva EU-a ističe kao opreku između, s jedne strane, nužnosti pravne integracije u smislu usklađivanja i ujednačavanja prava te poštovanja načela jezične raznolikosti pod velom institucijske višejezičnosti, s druge. U tom svje-tlu treba (re)definirati ne samo cilj, nego i strategije prevođenja zakonodavstva EU-a kako bi ono bilo što učinkovitiji kotačić u mehanizmu pravne integracije te kako bi se smanjila odstupanja u značenju pojedinih jezičnih verzija. U knji-zi se objedinjuju mnoge teme koje će biti zanimljive praktičarima, sveučilišnim nastavnicima te znanstvenicima, ali i studentima kao izvor znanja o pravu, jeziku i višejezičnosti. Knjiga obuhvaća sedam poglavlja i dva priloga. Prvi prilog sadržava popis predmeta koji se tiču jezičnih odstupanja u razdoblju od 1960. do 2010. Drugi je prilog anonimizirani popis intervjua koje je autor proveo s prevoditeljima, terminolozima te pravnicima lingvistima u institucijama EU-a, a pružaju dra-gocjen pogled iznutra u prevoditeljske prakse.
Od početka bavljenja prevođenjem kao zaokruženom znanstvenom discipli-nom 1970-ih o važnosti kval... more Od početka bavljenja prevođenjem kao zaokruženom znanstvenom discipli-nom 1970-ih o važnosti kvalitete prijevoda nema spora. Istraživanja provede-na među velikim naručiteljima usluga prevođenja pokazuju da im je kvaliteta dva i pol puta važnija od cijene te šest puta važnija od brzine (Vintar 2017: 12). Usprkos tome, empirijska su istraživanja kvalitete prijevoda i dalje malobroj-na. Iskorak je urednička knjiga Quality aspects in institutional translation, koja objedinjuje različite pristupe istraživanju kvalitete prijevoda kao proizvoda i procesa u kontekstu institucijskoga prevođenja 1 koje se opisuje kao kolektivno, anonimno i normirano. Premda pojedine institucije EU-a primjenjuju različite sustave prevođenja i vrednovanja kvalitete prijevoda te upotrebljavaju različit broj radnih jezika, misao vodilja zajednička svima jest pragmatično poimanje kvalitete prijevoda kao svrsishodnosti (engl. fit-for-purpose). Knjiga je podijeljena u tri dijela. Prvi dio obuhvaća uvodno poglavlje i dva rada koja se bave teorijskim prikazom kvalitete prijevoda, ponajprije u kontek-stu institucija EU-a. Slijedi raščlamba odabranih aspekata višefunkcionalno-ga vrednovanja i osiguravanja kvalitete: upravljanje kvalitetom, uloga prevodi-teljskih priručnika te normi za prevođenje; upravljanje terminologijom i vred-novanje prijevoda vanjskih prevoditelja. Posljednji dio sastoji se od empirij-skih studija provjere kvalitete prijevoda u praksi dviju institucija: Vijeća EU-a i Suda EU-a. Drugo poglavlje naslovljeno Translation product quality: A conceptual analysis uvodi u temu knjige osvrtom na osnovne pojmove mjerila i vred-novanja kvalitete prijevoda, nakon kojega autorica Sonia Vandepitte utvrđu-je čimbenike koji igraju ključnu ulogu u vrednovanju kvalitete prijevoda (engl. translation quality assessment). Za razliku od drugih poglavlja, koja se usre-dotočuju na kvalitetu prevođenja kao procesa, autorica polazi od prijevoda kao proizvoda donoseći parametre za vrednovanje kvalitete prevedenih tekstova: predmet analize (proizvod, proces ili usluga), svrha vrednovanja kvalitete, ci-ljana razina kvalitete prijevoda (ovisno o tekstu i funkciji), kriteriji (uključuju-ći mjerljivost i stupnjevanje kriterija) i dionici. Govoreći o dionicima u vredno-vanju kvalitete, autorica spominje i TAUS-ov dinamički okvir za vrednovanje prijevoda (engl. TAUS's Dynamic Quality Framework, DQF) i međunarodne norme (npr. ISO 17100:2015 koja se spominje i u drugim poglavljima). Radom 1 Iako engleski naziv institutional translation u naslovu daje naslutiti da je riječ o prevođenju za (međunarodne) institucije općenito, radovi u knjizi bave se kvalitetom prijevoda u višejezičnom, nadnacionalnom kontekstu institucija EU-a. PRIKAZI
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https://open.spotify.com/episode/47EyzrkYQkPOEWFxSXwIVp
https://open.spotify.com/episode/47EyzrkYQkPOEWFxSXwIVp