Abordagem Sistèmica em Psicologia
Abordagem Sistèmica em Psicologia
Abordagem Sistèmica em Psicologia
BUCHER-MALUSCHKE, Julia S.
Professora Doutora em Psicologia
psibucher@gmail.com
Resumo
A abordagem sistmica na psicologia tem suas razes na terapia familiar. Desenvolvida com
inspirao na teoria geral de sistemas, na teoria ciberntica, entre outras, esta abordagem
sistmica tem recebido crticas do construcionismo social ps-moderno, por sua viso
estruturalista e mecanicista. A literatura cientfica oferece novos paradigmas
epistemolgicos, com inspirao nos sistemas dinmicos, os quais possibilitam um novo
olhar para a abordagem sistmica na psicologia. Assim, sugere-se a adoo de uma
integrao da perspectiva de auto-organizao paralelamente auto-regulao.
Palavras-chave: Psicologia Sistmica; Construcionismo Social; Sistemas Dinmicos.
Abstract
The systemic approach in psychology has its roots in family therapy. Developed from
inspiration in general systems theory, cybernetics theory, among others, this systemic
approach has received critics from postmodern social constructionism, for its structuralist and
mecanicist views. Scientific literature offers new epistemological paradigms, with inspiration
from dynamical systems, which allow a new look for the systemic approach in psychology.
Thus, it is suggested the adoption of an integration of self-organization perspective in parallel
with self-regulation.
Key-words: Systems Psychology; Social Construcionism; Dynamical Systems.
1. INTRODUO
O pensamento sistmico tem sido aplicado biologia, aos seres vivos e aos
sistemas sociais. O principal axioma da teoria dos sistemas que o todo maior que as
partes, substituindo um modelo linear de causalidade por um modelo circular, ou seja, um
padro de causa-efeito por um padro interativo (Von Bertalanffy, 1969; Churchman, 1979;
Beer, 1984).
Diferentemente de outras abordagens, a sistmica introduzida na psicologia por
uma diversidade de profissionais insatisfeitos com a prtica, e no a partir da Academia. Ela
surge na dcada de 1950, fortemente relacionada com a Terapia Familiar. Os terapeutas
familiares sistmicos consideram a famlia como um sistema (Bucher-Maluschke, 2008),
6. REFERNCIAS
ARAJO, F. M.; ALVES, E. M.; DA CRUZ, M. P. Algumas reflexes em torno dos conceitos
de campo e de habitus na obra de Pierre Bourdieu. Revista Eletrnica Perspectivas da
Cincia e Tecnologia, v. 1, n. 1, p. 31-40, 2008. ISSN 1984-5693.
BEER, S. The Viable System Model: Its Provenance, Development, Methodology and
Pathology. Journal of the Operational Research Society, v. 35, n. 1, p. 7-25, 1984. ISSN
0160-5682.
BOSZORMENYI-NAGY, I. Invisible loyalties. Levittown: Taylor & Francis Group, 1984. 408
p. ISBN 1317839366.
BROWN, J.; HARRISON, V.; CHANCE, A. B. Is Bowen Theory still relevant in the Family
Therapy field? CAPA Quarterly, n. 3, p. 11-17, 2008. ISSN 1835-937X.
CHOMSKY, N. Three models for the description of language. Information Theory, IRE
Transactions on, v. 2, n. 3, p. 113-124, 1956. ISSN 0096-1000.
EIDELSON, R. J. Complex adaptive systems in the behavioral and social sciences. Review
of General Psychology, v. 1, n. 1, p. 42, 1997. ISSN 1939-1552.
ERIKSON, E. H. Identity and the lyfe cycle. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1980.
191 p. ISBN 0-393-31132-5.
KERR, M. E.; BOWEN, M. Family evaluation: The role of the family as an emotional unit
that governs individual behavior and development. Markham, Ontario: Penguin Books,
1988.
KLEVER, P. The primary triangle and variation in nuclear family functioning. Contemp Fam
Ther, v. 31, n. 2, p. 140-159, 2009. ISSN 0892-2764.
MARTINS, E. M. A.; RABINOVICH, E. P.; SILVA, C. N. Family and the differentiation process
in Murray Bowen theory: a case study. Psicologia USP, v. 19, n. 2, p. 181-197, 2008. ISSN
0103-6564 (Print), 1678-5177 (Online).
MCGOLDRICK, M.; CARTER, E. A. The family life cycle: A framework for family therapy.
Gardner Press, 1980. ISBN 0470267828.
PIERS, C. Emergence: when a difference in degree becomes a difference in kind. In: PIERS,
C.;MULLER, J. P., et al (Ed.). Self-organizing complexity in psychological systems.
Lanham: Jason Aronson, Incorporated, 2007. p.186. ISBN 1461630657.
RAMARAJAN, L.; REID, E. Shattering the myth of separate worlds: Negotiating non-work
identities at work. Academy of Management Review, v. 38, n. 4, p. 621-644, 2013. ISSN
0363-7425.
VAUGHAN, D. Signals and interpretive work: The role of culture in a theory of practical
action. In: CERULLO, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in mind: Toward a sociology of culture and
cognition. New York: Routledge, 2002. p.28-54. ISBN 978-0415929448.
VON NEUMANN, J.; MORGENSTERN, O. Theory of games and economic behavior. Bull.
Amer. Math. Soc, v. 51, n. 7, p. 498-504, 1945.