This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research find... more This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching the original reports together with 55% of tests in different spans of years and 40% of tests in novel geographies. Some original findings were associated with multiple new tests. Reproducibility was the best predictor of generalizability—for the findings that proved directly reproducible, 84% emerged in other available time periods and 57% emerged in other geographies. Overall, only limited empirical evidence emerged for context sensitivity. In a forecasting survey, independent scientists were able to anticipate which effects would find support in tests in new samples.
El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo las decisiones gubernamentales adoptadas en La... more El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo las decisiones gubernamentales adoptadas en Latinoamérica, en términos de movilidad interna y externa, moldearon el comportamiento de las organizaciones para adaptarse a las condiciones cambiantes con el fin de enfrentar la pandemia. Mediante investigación cualitativa aplicada al análisis del discurso se identifican los parámetros emergentes relacionados con COVID 19. La fuente de regulaciones adoptadas en los distintos países se obtiene de DSV: De Sammensluttede Vognmænd, desde el 17 de marzo de 2020 al 25 de enero de 2021. La contribución de esta investigación radica en determinar el tipo y variedad de las decisiones gubernamentales adoptadas en la región; los resultados evidencian el comportamiento dinámico durante el periodo de estudio, predominando medidas similares que varían desde los inicios de la pandemia a los primeros indicios de reactivación económica. En conclusión, la investigación evidencia la estrecha relación entre ...
The environment of a knowledge society is dynamic, active, oriented towards innovation. Therefore... more The environment of a knowledge society is dynamic, active, oriented towards innovation. Therefore, the development of skills for the 21st century, such as the fundamental ones, content, and professionals in the Business career, is becoming more critical. Furthermore, the active-cooperative methodologies take more prominence in developing an undergraduate career in business and economics, whose significant increases with the uncertainty, social, and environmental changes that the pandemic is causing.Business education always has the challenge to achieve that student comprehend business dynamics and have the notions of decision-making. Therefore, active learning methods have been used for a long time, especially the case-study method. This research aims to explore the effectiveness of simulation-role playing techniques versus more traditional methods such as lectures. This study analyzes the case of the Business Administration Career at the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparais...
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2019
This research proposes the estimation of stochastic frontiers model using panel data, to measure ... more This research proposes the estimation of stochastic frontiers model using panel data, to measure the technical efficiencies in 4 perspectives for the electricity generation sector in Chile for the period 2010–2015. The first perspective is to analyze the main companies in the sector; the second is about generation plants based on their contribution only as energy generates; the third is also power plants, but this time considering its contribution as generation and security to the system; and a fourth analysis is following the third model, but this time only considering the year 2015 in order to get a greater sampling of power plants and generation sources. The estimation also used 2 functional forms of production for each analysis: Cobb-Douglas and Translogarithmic that are compared to obtain the best representation of the data. The results show to which companies, plants and generation sources are the most and least efficient.
An open economy inserted in an environment with increasing participation of global value chains, ... more An open economy inserted in an environment with increasing participation of global value chains, such as the Chilean economy, requires information about how its business integrates into international markets. The contribution of this study is that it evaluates the stages and patterns of Chilean firms’ internationalization by using a value chain activities framework, identifying four categories. The intensity of upstream and downstream business activities allows classifying the mode in each of the four categories. Members of the Sociedad de Fomento Fabril (SOFOFA) answered the survey design for this study. Results illustrate companies' behavior concerning international trade and foresight of further critical issues.
2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 2016
This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the mark... more This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the market of Pension Fund Administrators, incorporating the effect of the 2008 financial crisis, also known as the subprime crisis. The Chilean market shows asymmetric information for the people paying into pension funds, herding and extraordinary earnings to a degree that can be characterized as an oligopoly market. These conditions demonstrate that it is a relatively fragile market in the face of negative perturbations and that it is inefficient at providing results to its members. In order to obtain these conclusions, a benchmark method is applied using passive indices and an alternate instrument. Herding is shown through a correlationand cointegration analysis. Concentration is measured using the usual indices, IHH and Dominance, and normal earnings in accordance with international parameters adjusted to the conditions of emerging economies, these indices are then compared with the real values obtained. It is concluded that there are systemic problems originating from regulations aimed at protecting contributors, such as the maximum deviation in average profitability of the system. A series of implications and conclusions relative to public policies are also described.
Resumen La presente investigación pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo ... more Resumen La presente investigación pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo económico, realizando un análisis cuantitativo comparativo entre Chile y otros países o regiones. Para medir el comportamiento del desarrollo económico, se utiliza como variable endógena el Producto Interno Bruto. Las variables exógenas que lo explicarían se someten a un análisis factorial, para posteriormente seleccionar a través de un modelo econométrico aquéllas que sean las más relevantes. Finalmente se realiza una comparación relativa del PIB de Chile en relación a los demás grupos para establecer potenciales relaciones entre sus series, lo que se hace por medio de un análisis de cointegración de los residuos de la serie del PIB para la frontera de tiempo del estudio. Palabras clave. Desarrollo económico, modelamiento econométrico, cointegración. Clasificación JEL.
Academia-revista Latinoamericana De Administracion, 2020
The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the international trade characteristics of c... more The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the international trade characteristics of commerce between Latin American countries and some of the top economies in the world, in order to identify new business opportunities for LATAM firms in dynamical external markets.,A triple indexed gravity model, correcting with robust standardized errors clustered, and a panel data analysis was used to obtain the relationship between Latin American countries and advanced and other emerging economies.,The main finding of this paper is that innovation overcomes gravity effects and parameters typical of a knowledge society are the significant ones to explain trade among different regions. The model that includes an innovation proxy accommodates with the new international theories of trade. Besides, communication capacity is essential to reach consumers abroad with newer and more complex products. Moreover, the constant is significant when innovation is included, which may imply intersectora...
The purpose of this research is to identify possible factors that strengthen the position of the ... more The purpose of this research is to identify possible factors that strengthen the position of the small mining producer in the access to new financing mechanisms for exploration activities, and, evaluate the efficiency of the risk capital that National Mining Company (ENAMI) provides to this sector.
La presente investigacion pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo economic... more La presente investigacion pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo economico, realizando un analisis cuantitativo comparativo entre Chile y otros paises o regiones. Para medir el comportamiento del desarrollo economico, se utiliza como variable endogena el Producto Interno Bruto. Las variables exogenas que lo explicarian se someten a un analisis factorial, para posteriormente seleccionar a traves de un modelo econometrico aquellas que sean las mas relevantes. Finalmente se realiza una comparacion relativa del PIB de Chile en relacion a los demas grupos para establecer potenciales relaciones entre sus series, lo que se hace por medio de un analisis de cointegracion de los residuos de la serie del PIB para la frontera de tiempo del estudio. Abstract This research is oriented to identify and analyzed the contributing factors to economic development through a quantitative comparative study between Chile and other countries and regional areas. Thus, the behavior of ...
2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 2016
This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the mark... more This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the market of Pension Fund Administrators, incorporating the effect of the 2008 financial crisis, also known as the subprime crisis. The Chilean market shows asymmetric information for the people paying into pension funds, herding and extraordinary earnings to a degree that can be characterized as an oligopoly market. These conditions demonstrate that it is a relatively fragile market in the face of negative perturbations and that it is inefficient at providing results to its members. In order to obtain these conclusions, a benchmark method is applied using passive indices and an alternate instrument. Herding is shown through a correlationand cointegration analysis. Concentration is measured using the usual indices, IHH and Dominance, and normal earnings in accordance with international parameters adjusted to the conditions of emerging economies, these indices are then compared with the real values obtained. It is concluded that there are systemic problems originating from regulations aimed at protecting contributors, such as the maximum deviation in average profitability of the system. A series of implications and conclusions relative to public policies are also described.
This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research find... more This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching the original reports together with 55% of tests in different spans of years and 40% of tests in novel geographies. Some original findings were associated with multiple new tests. Reproducibility was the best predictor of generalizability—for the findings that proved directly reproducible, 84% emerged in other available time periods and 57% emerged in other geographies. Overall, only limited empirical evidence emerged for context sensitivity. In a forecasting survey, independent scientists were able to anticipate which effects would find support in tests in new samples.
El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo las decisiones gubernamentales adoptadas en La... more El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo las decisiones gubernamentales adoptadas en Latinoamérica, en términos de movilidad interna y externa, moldearon el comportamiento de las organizaciones para adaptarse a las condiciones cambiantes con el fin de enfrentar la pandemia. Mediante investigación cualitativa aplicada al análisis del discurso se identifican los parámetros emergentes relacionados con COVID 19. La fuente de regulaciones adoptadas en los distintos países se obtiene de DSV: De Sammensluttede Vognmænd, desde el 17 de marzo de 2020 al 25 de enero de 2021. La contribución de esta investigación radica en determinar el tipo y variedad de las decisiones gubernamentales adoptadas en la región; los resultados evidencian el comportamiento dinámico durante el periodo de estudio, predominando medidas similares que varían desde los inicios de la pandemia a los primeros indicios de reactivación económica. En conclusión, la investigación evidencia la estrecha relación entre ...
The environment of a knowledge society is dynamic, active, oriented towards innovation. Therefore... more The environment of a knowledge society is dynamic, active, oriented towards innovation. Therefore, the development of skills for the 21st century, such as the fundamental ones, content, and professionals in the Business career, is becoming more critical. Furthermore, the active-cooperative methodologies take more prominence in developing an undergraduate career in business and economics, whose significant increases with the uncertainty, social, and environmental changes that the pandemic is causing.Business education always has the challenge to achieve that student comprehend business dynamics and have the notions of decision-making. Therefore, active learning methods have been used for a long time, especially the case-study method. This research aims to explore the effectiveness of simulation-role playing techniques versus more traditional methods such as lectures. This study analyzes the case of the Business Administration Career at the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparais...
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2019
This research proposes the estimation of stochastic frontiers model using panel data, to measure ... more This research proposes the estimation of stochastic frontiers model using panel data, to measure the technical efficiencies in 4 perspectives for the electricity generation sector in Chile for the period 2010–2015. The first perspective is to analyze the main companies in the sector; the second is about generation plants based on their contribution only as energy generates; the third is also power plants, but this time considering its contribution as generation and security to the system; and a fourth analysis is following the third model, but this time only considering the year 2015 in order to get a greater sampling of power plants and generation sources. The estimation also used 2 functional forms of production for each analysis: Cobb-Douglas and Translogarithmic that are compared to obtain the best representation of the data. The results show to which companies, plants and generation sources are the most and least efficient.
An open economy inserted in an environment with increasing participation of global value chains, ... more An open economy inserted in an environment with increasing participation of global value chains, such as the Chilean economy, requires information about how its business integrates into international markets. The contribution of this study is that it evaluates the stages and patterns of Chilean firms’ internationalization by using a value chain activities framework, identifying four categories. The intensity of upstream and downstream business activities allows classifying the mode in each of the four categories. Members of the Sociedad de Fomento Fabril (SOFOFA) answered the survey design for this study. Results illustrate companies' behavior concerning international trade and foresight of further critical issues.
2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 2016
This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the mark... more This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the market of Pension Fund Administrators, incorporating the effect of the 2008 financial crisis, also known as the subprime crisis. The Chilean market shows asymmetric information for the people paying into pension funds, herding and extraordinary earnings to a degree that can be characterized as an oligopoly market. These conditions demonstrate that it is a relatively fragile market in the face of negative perturbations and that it is inefficient at providing results to its members. In order to obtain these conclusions, a benchmark method is applied using passive indices and an alternate instrument. Herding is shown through a correlationand cointegration analysis. Concentration is measured using the usual indices, IHH and Dominance, and normal earnings in accordance with international parameters adjusted to the conditions of emerging economies, these indices are then compared with the real values obtained. It is concluded that there are systemic problems originating from regulations aimed at protecting contributors, such as the maximum deviation in average profitability of the system. A series of implications and conclusions relative to public policies are also described.
Resumen La presente investigación pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo ... more Resumen La presente investigación pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo económico, realizando un análisis cuantitativo comparativo entre Chile y otros países o regiones. Para medir el comportamiento del desarrollo económico, se utiliza como variable endógena el Producto Interno Bruto. Las variables exógenas que lo explicarían se someten a un análisis factorial, para posteriormente seleccionar a través de un modelo econométrico aquéllas que sean las más relevantes. Finalmente se realiza una comparación relativa del PIB de Chile en relación a los demás grupos para establecer potenciales relaciones entre sus series, lo que se hace por medio de un análisis de cointegración de los residuos de la serie del PIB para la frontera de tiempo del estudio. Palabras clave. Desarrollo económico, modelamiento econométrico, cointegración. Clasificación JEL.
Academia-revista Latinoamericana De Administracion, 2020
The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the international trade characteristics of c... more The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the international trade characteristics of commerce between Latin American countries and some of the top economies in the world, in order to identify new business opportunities for LATAM firms in dynamical external markets.,A triple indexed gravity model, correcting with robust standardized errors clustered, and a panel data analysis was used to obtain the relationship between Latin American countries and advanced and other emerging economies.,The main finding of this paper is that innovation overcomes gravity effects and parameters typical of a knowledge society are the significant ones to explain trade among different regions. The model that includes an innovation proxy accommodates with the new international theories of trade. Besides, communication capacity is essential to reach consumers abroad with newer and more complex products. Moreover, the constant is significant when innovation is included, which may imply intersectora...
The purpose of this research is to identify possible factors that strengthen the position of the ... more The purpose of this research is to identify possible factors that strengthen the position of the small mining producer in the access to new financing mechanisms for exploration activities, and, evaluate the efficiency of the risk capital that National Mining Company (ENAMI) provides to this sector.
La presente investigacion pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo economic... more La presente investigacion pretende identificar los factores determinantes del desarrollo economico, realizando un analisis cuantitativo comparativo entre Chile y otros paises o regiones. Para medir el comportamiento del desarrollo economico, se utiliza como variable endogena el Producto Interno Bruto. Las variables exogenas que lo explicarian se someten a un analisis factorial, para posteriormente seleccionar a traves de un modelo econometrico aquellas que sean las mas relevantes. Finalmente se realiza una comparacion relativa del PIB de Chile en relacion a los demas grupos para establecer potenciales relaciones entre sus series, lo que se hace por medio de un analisis de cointegracion de los residuos de la serie del PIB para la frontera de tiempo del estudio. Abstract This research is oriented to identify and analyzed the contributing factors to economic development through a quantitative comparative study between Chile and other countries and regional areas. Thus, the behavior of ...
2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 2016
This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the mark... more This study analyses the performance of pension funds in Chile and the characteristics of the market of Pension Fund Administrators, incorporating the effect of the 2008 financial crisis, also known as the subprime crisis. The Chilean market shows asymmetric information for the people paying into pension funds, herding and extraordinary earnings to a degree that can be characterized as an oligopoly market. These conditions demonstrate that it is a relatively fragile market in the face of negative perturbations and that it is inefficient at providing results to its members. In order to obtain these conclusions, a benchmark method is applied using passive indices and an alternate instrument. Herding is shown through a correlationand cointegration analysis. Concentration is measured using the usual indices, IHH and Dominance, and normal earnings in accordance with international parameters adjusted to the conditions of emerging economies, these indices are then compared with the real values obtained. It is concluded that there are systemic problems originating from regulations aimed at protecting contributors, such as the maximum deviation in average profitability of the system. A series of implications and conclusions relative to public policies are also described.
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Papers by Ana Maria Vallina