Piglet crushing is a devastating welfare concern on swine farms; however, some sows appear unresp... more Piglet crushing is a devastating welfare concern on swine farms; however, some sows appear unresponsive to a piglet’s call. Sow hearing ability is rarely considered despite the extensive body of research performed on crushing. In this study, pigs of four age groups (weaning, n = 7; gilts, n = 5; 2nd and 3rd parity, n = 5; 5th parity and up, n = 5) were anesthetized and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were performed to measure if pig hearing diminishes with age in a mechanically ventilated barn. Before testing, pigs were placed in a sound dampening box. ABRs were performed on animals using 1,000 clicks at two decibel (dB) levels: 90 and 127 dB sound pressure level. Latencies and amplitudes of waves I–V were measured and interpeak latencies for waves I–III, III–V, and I–V were calculated. Five pigs (three 2nd and 3rd parity, and two 5th parity and above) had no detectable waves at either decibel. Sows in 2nd and 3rd parities had very few distinguishable waves, with only wave I and...
The objective of this study was to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the cardiovascul... more The objective of this study was to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the cardiovascular effects of the combination of tepoxalin (TPX) and medetomidine (MED) in dogs. Six healthy dogs of either sex (5 males and 1 female), aged 2.5 ± 2.2 years and weighing 14.7 ± 4.4 kg, were studied. Each dog received four randomized treatments with a minimum of 1 week between treatments: no medication as the control group (C); MED (750 μg/m(2), intravenously [IV]); TPX (10 mg/kg orally for 3 days); and MT (TPX 10 mg/kg orally for 3 days plus MED 750 μg/m(2), IV). Iohexol (300 mg iodine/kg, IV) was injected in all dogs in each treatment as an indicator of GFR. Blood samples for serum iohexol clearance analysis were collected before and 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 60, 120, 240 and 360 min after the iohexol administration. Rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and direct arterial pressure (AP) were obtained before and 5, 10, 15, 20, 60, 120, 240 and 360 min after the iohexol injection. GFR did not differ between treatments. Heart rate was significantly lower in the MED and MT groups than in C or TPX. Mean AP was significantly higher with MT than TPX, but only at 5 min after the iohexol injection. TPX, MED and the combination of these two drugs do not alter GFR. The combination has minimal effect on cardiovascular variables at these doses in healthy dogs.
Piglet crushing is a devastating welfare concern on swine farms; however, some sows appear unresp... more Piglet crushing is a devastating welfare concern on swine farms; however, some sows appear unresponsive to a piglet’s call. Sow hearing ability is rarely considered despite the extensive body of research performed on crushing. In this study, pigs of four age groups (weaning, n = 7; gilts, n = 5; 2nd and 3rd parity, n = 5; 5th parity and up, n = 5) were anesthetized and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were performed to measure if pig hearing diminishes with age in a mechanically ventilated barn. Before testing, pigs were placed in a sound dampening box. ABRs were performed on animals using 1,000 clicks at two decibel (dB) levels: 90 and 127 dB sound pressure level. Latencies and amplitudes of waves I–V were measured and interpeak latencies for waves I–III, III–V, and I–V were calculated. Five pigs (three 2nd and 3rd parity, and two 5th parity and above) had no detectable waves at either decibel. Sows in 2nd and 3rd parities had very few distinguishable waves, with only wave I and...
The objective of this study was to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the cardiovascul... more The objective of this study was to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the cardiovascular effects of the combination of tepoxalin (TPX) and medetomidine (MED) in dogs. Six healthy dogs of either sex (5 males and 1 female), aged 2.5 ± 2.2 years and weighing 14.7 ± 4.4 kg, were studied. Each dog received four randomized treatments with a minimum of 1 week between treatments: no medication as the control group (C); MED (750 μg/m(2), intravenously [IV]); TPX (10 mg/kg orally for 3 days); and MT (TPX 10 mg/kg orally for 3 days plus MED 750 μg/m(2), IV). Iohexol (300 mg iodine/kg, IV) was injected in all dogs in each treatment as an indicator of GFR. Blood samples for serum iohexol clearance analysis were collected before and 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 60, 120, 240 and 360 min after the iohexol administration. Rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and direct arterial pressure (AP) were obtained before and 5, 10, 15, 20, 60, 120, 240 and 360 min after the iohexol injection. GFR did not differ between treatments. Heart rate was significantly lower in the MED and MT groups than in C or TPX. Mean AP was significantly higher with MT than TPX, but only at 5 min after the iohexol injection. TPX, MED and the combination of these two drugs do not alter GFR. The combination has minimal effect on cardiovascular variables at these doses in healthy dogs.
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Papers by Tokiko Kushiro-Banker