He works as an assistant professor at Qatar University Department of Social Sciences. He was born in Palestine in 1985. After completion of his elementary, middle and high school education in Nablus, he obtained his Bachelor’s degree in Sociology and Social Work from An-Najah National University, Faculty of Arts, Sociology and Social Work Department in 2008. He received him Integrated PhD from Hacettepe University, Institute of Social Sciences in 2015. He has been working as a university lecturer at Yıldırım Beyazıt University in Ankara since 2013. Researcher in Department Of International Relations In Middle East Technical University 2017-2018. He published papers in various academic journals in English and Turkish. His primary research interests include social work with children in war and conflict zone, cultural differences and international students, refugees and asylum seekers, Impact of Wars and Conflicts on the Healthy Growth of Young People, International Relations. He teaches Practice of social work, Social Policy and Services for Children, Social Policy, Poverty and Social Policy, Social Anthropology, Social Work with refugees and asylum seekers, Social Welfare Services.
Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İn... more Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İnsanı ve onun yarattığı her türlü birikimi yok ederek büyük acılara yol açan savaşlar, insanlık tarihinin en eski olgularından biridir. Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanlığı, gelişme kaynaklarından yoksun bırakarak toplumsal refahın gerçekleşmesini engellemektedir. Savaşlarda ölenlerin yanı sıra çok sayıda insan yaralanıp sakatlanmaktadır. Ölüm, yaralanma ve sakatlıklar bireyleri, yakın çevrelerini ve giderek bütün toplumu derinden sarsan sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Aylar, yıllar süren tıbbi bakım, fiziksel, ruhsal ve toplumsal rehabilitasyon gereksinimi, yoğun çaba ve kaynak aktarımı gerektirmektedir. Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ortadoğu bölgesinde ve özellikle Filistin’de, çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır. Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Ortadoğu savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Savaş ve çatışma, engelli çocuklar, çocuk hakları, sosyal hizmet.
International students are among the most important groups that contribute to cultural diversity ... more International students are among the most important groups that contribute to cultural diversity within the host country, as well as the fact that international students are the motto of peace and security among nations. Looking at international students within the campus of any university in the world gives us a picture that people of all shapes, colors, languages and cultures can live in peace and security on the planet. However, we find that these students suffer from some problems related to language, adaptation, culture, economic matters, housing and leisure and thus the emergence of problems of academic achievement. All these problems can be accepted by international students and solved as expected problems because of living in a new environment. However, the discrimination and oppression faced by international students cannot received it as expected things as a result of diversity. To the extent that discrimination issues affect adaptation and academic achievement, it is also affect the mental and physical health of international students. This article attempts to focus on the problem of discrimination experienced by international students and its dimensions. At the same time, it focuses on the role of social work in working with international students who are discriminated and suggests the most important points and social policies that countries should take to reduce this problem and its consequences.
Refugee children who are victims of ongoing wars and conflicts around the world specially in Midd... more Refugee children who are victims of ongoing wars and conflicts around the world specially in Middle East Region is one of the most vulnerable groups that require international legal protection and professional intervention. Wars and conflicts have forced millions of children to leave their countries and displacements to neighboring countries, accompanied by their families or unaccompanied. However, the problems and trauma experienced by children during a period of asylum, or after is not less than of those experienced in an environment of war and conflict. This stage is one of the critical stages that affect a child's growth. It requires from the host countries meeting the necessary needs of children and developing therapeutic, rehabilitative and preventive programs as well as psychological and social support programs. Problem of education is one of the most important problems facing the vast majority of refugee children, there are millions of refugee children are deprived of the right to education as indicated in the reports prepared on this issue. Therefore, most of the host countries are developing programs that aims to integrate refugee children into schools and to protect their rights to education. Since social work is considered as the most important professions that play an active role in the integration process. This is through the direct practice with refugee and immigrant students and their families and the surrounding environment as well as cooperation with governmental and nongovernmental institutions in this area. This article will discuss the role of school social work in dealing with refugee childrens' problems in the school and facilitate their integration. In light of this discussion, this research will give suggestions to develop the performance of the school social worker during the integration process.
Higher education for young people has many meanings such as acquire an education, acquire a cultu... more Higher education for young people has many meanings such as acquire an education, acquire a culture of higher learning, make friends, dream for the future, planning a career and planning for future life. In higher education institutions, students face many problems and expect solutions to these problems. Academic, cultural, psychosocial and economic problems are the most common problems of higher education youth in the world. Most countries produce and implement a number of policies in order to address problems in the field of higher education and to make it easier for students to adapt to the higher education environment and thus be successful. When looked at problems faced by young people in the process of higher education especially in terms of young people coming to study in another country it seems to have won different sizes. This study was conducted to determine the social service needs, educational and academic requirements, cultural, linguistic, psychological, economic, and personal development, in addition to free time activities, housing, and persecution and discrimination problems of 367 international students who are coming from 61 countries and receiving higher education in Turkey. The top problems experienced by international students in Turkey are % 46. 9 academic, and % 44.1economic problems, in addition to % 42 pressure and discrimination. In this article, social work contributions and recommendations for solving problems faced by higher education youth in examples of international students are presented.
The qualitative and quantitative challenges in child protection in the Middle East and North Afri... more The qualitative and quantitative challenges in child protection in the Middle East and North Africa countries making the children vulnerable to the risks and all kinds of neglect and exploitation. In addition to the great violation of the rights of children, especially girls as a result of ongoing wars and conflicts in the region. The children's rights violations and the problems faced by children in war environment were forced them to migrate to other countries unaccompanied or with family. Also, the problems faced by children in the asylum period have very negative implications on the physical, psychological, social and moral development of children along with the violation of many rights. It can be seen that girls are more vulnerable to problems and violations of the rights among the refugee children. This study will discuss neglect and exploitation problems and risks faced by refugee girls during the asylum period and will present the social policy suggestions that can contribute to solving these problems and protecting the refugee girls.
The wars and armed conflicts in many regions of the world and especially in the Middle East have ... more The wars and armed conflicts in many regions of the world and especially in the Middle East have an eloquent impact on all life's happenings most especially in areas affected. Wars destroys community infrastructure such as health, education and other social services sectors. As of present, the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East had left a significant impact on the family and the individual in the areas affected. In the family, it has lead to disintegration and roles change. It is also lead to forced migration and asylum. At the individual level, it have impacted negatively in terms of psychology, social and physical wellbeing. Women and children are the most affected by traumatic events of war and they are the most vulnerable to all types of exploitation and abuse. The devastating effects of war on this vulnerable group can hardly be overemphasized. This paper discusses the problems faced by children and women in war and conflict zones. It also explores physical, mental health, social and educational crisis experienced by women and children in the Middle Eastern society. A society that is known to have witnessed many civil wars and armed conflicts. In addition, the study also discusses social and health services which must be provided to women and children in conflict affected area from the social work perspective.
The number of young students who immigrated to other countries for educational purposes is increa... more The number of young students who immigrated to other countries for educational purposes is increasing day by day and this situation is likely to continue in the near future. The students who have immigrated for the purpose of education experience various problems in adapting to the culture of a new country. This may have negative effects on their educational success, valuing leisure time, participating in social activities within the new society and socialization in general. In this article, adjustment problems experienced by undergraduate international students and the application of social work to solve these problems will be discussed. Besides, it will develop suggestions that contribute to encourage young students to search for solutions to the problems they face in a multicultural environment. The aim of this article is to explain how university-based social work intervention can be used for international students in order to solve their problems and enhance their well-being. The solutions that the study proposed will be structured within the framework of multicultural approach.
Young people in many Middle East countries are one of the most important groups that has been mar... more Young people in many Middle East countries are one of the most important groups that has been marginalized and deprived from participation in the political, economic and social life over the long decades. Wars and conflicts in the region have increased the problems experienced by young people. While unemployment and economic problems are the top of crisis experienced by young people in the Middle East before wars and conflicts, the participation in acts of violence or exposure to it and the consequences related to situation such as killings, imprisonment, resorting to other countries and referring to Middle Eastern young people as terrorists and racial discrimination against them have become the most important characteristics of the crisis and the problems experienced by Middle East youngsters. In this article, the problems experienced by the young people in the Middle East coupled with the impact of ongoing wars and conflicts which have exacerbate the crisis of the young people within the regions and its future repercussions are reviewed. In the light of this, various management perspectives are reviewed. There is also a proposed model for future social policies that aims to solve the crisis faced by Middle East youngsters and to integrate them into the society.
Children have been the greatest victims of war, conflict and forced migration all over the world,... more Children have been the greatest victims of war, conflict and forced migration all over the world, especially in the Middle East region. While some of the children who are unaccompanied or who migrate with their family live in tough conditions in refugee camps, others are trying to survive outside the camps. Children living outside the camps are subjected to all kinds of negligence, abuse, risk and rights violations. It is seen that the number of children living outside the refugee camps and the problems they face are increasing every day. This case brings together developing of social policies for refugee children in accordance with the children's rights convention and social work intervention. This study discusses violations of the rights of refugee children who are seeking to survive outside the refugee camps and presents the social policy proposals that should be developed for them in the light of the child rights convention.
Dünyanın her tarafında ve özellikle de Ortadoğu bölgesinde yaşanan savaş, çatışmalar ve buna bağl... more Dünyanın her tarafında ve özellikle de Ortadoğu bölgesinde yaşanan savaş, çatışmalar ve buna bağlı zorunlu göçlerin en büyük mağduru çocuklar olmuştur. Zorunlu olarak göç eden ailesi ile birlikte veya refakatsiz çocukların bir kısmı mülteci kamplarında zor koşullarda yaşarken diğer büyük kısmı kamplar dışında yaşamını sürdürmeye çalışmaktadır. Kamplar dışında yaşayan çocukların her türlü ihmal, istismar, riskler ve bütün hakları ihlaline maruz kalabilmektedirler. Kamplar dışında yaşayan çocukların sayısı ve karşılaştığı sorunlar gittikçe artmakta ve her düzeyde sosyal hizmet müdahalesi ve çocuk hakları sözleşmesine uygun olarak onlara yönelik sosyal politikaların geliştirilmesi biraderinde getirmektedir. Mülteci çocukların sorunları sosyal hizmet ve sosyal politika perspektifinden ele alındığında, refakatsiz veya ailesi ile birlikte zorunlu olarak göç eden bu çocukların birçok sorunla karşılaştıkları görülmektedir. Yaşanan iltica süreci çocukların psikolojisini, fiziksel, ahlaki ve ruhsal gelişimini ve sosyal yaşamlarını olumsuz olarak etkilemekte ve ciddi sosyal hizmet müdahalelerini gerektirmektedir. Dolayısıyla mülteci çocuklara hizmet sağlayan sivil toplum örgütleri ve devlete bağlı kurumlarda çalışan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının mülteci çocuklarla çalışırken bu çocukların sorunlarını çözümleyebilmek amacıyla birçok bilgi ve beceriye sahip olması gerekmektedir. Sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının mülteci çocuklarla yapacakları çalışmalarda klinik düzeyde kullanılması gereken mesleki bilgi ve beceriler arasında özellikle mülteci çocukların göç sürecinde yaşadıkları hak ihlalleri ve bu hak ihlallere bağlı çocukların yaşadıkları travma ve sorunlar hakkında bilgi sahibi olması gerekmektedir. Aynı zamanda bu çocuklarla etkili iletişim kurabilmek için yabancı dil bilmek gibi ek bazı becerilere sahip olması da önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada mülteci kampları dışında yaşamını sürdürmeye çalışan mülteci çocukların uğradıkları hak ihlalleri sunulmakta ve çocuk hakları sözleşmesi ışığında onlara yönelik geliştirilmesi gereken sosyal politika önerileri ele alınmaktadır.
Ongoing wars and conflicts in many countries in the world resulted in various problems effecting ... more Ongoing wars and conflicts in many countries in the world resulted in various problems effecting Men and societies, especially children. This situation requires serious professional interventions, especially in dealing with children affected by political violence. At the same time they are the most important group in social work interventions which aimed to protect, prevent and treat them. School is actually the best source to reach the children and their parents in such crises, as well it is a best source because it is where social work can help children and provide them with supporting services. Direct and indirect exposure to violence affects their behavior and growth requiring direct work with the child and his family. Undoubtedly that social work intervention with children in times of war and conflict requires sufficient skills and information about the difficulties they suffer. This article discusses the impact of living in an environment of war and conflict on children and the importance of school social work intervention. Impact of violence caused by war and conflict on children at school Living in an environment of war and conflict causes children to lose their rights as well involves the emergence of behavioral problems affecting their physical, moral, social and psychological development. Consequently and negatively this affects the participation of children within the school environment. A symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder often appears in children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence. These negative effects establish peer relationships and peer school performance. Besides the impact of violence on children, there are other things created by an environment of war and conflicts that have a direct impact on the mental health of children for instance poverty, malnutrition, family relations and violence emergin from environment. Generally children still under the influence of the conflicts they see in public, television and environment can apply the pattern of violent behavior against each other in school. Exposing or witnessing the violence affects the children's concentration and participation in class and in other activities in school (Snoubar, 2010; Snoubar & Duman, 2015). Psychological hazards to children includes, terrible events observation and threats against loved ones, show the terrible events in the media, torture, threats and self-blame. Moreover, children from an early age can be danger-measured by reading concerns of their parents. This phenomenon is called social referencing (Masten et al. 1990; Masten and Narayan, 2012). Therefore it is necessary to include the presence of parents in any intervention made to the children. School Social Work in Conflict Community School is one of the most important places where could be managed the case in dealing with children in the times of crisis. Accessing to children in times of distress through the school and providing them with psychological and social support is a crucial step in the field of child protection in a risked environment. In fact, school facilitates the work of social workers in determining the risk factors and problems suffered by children and affecting their development and school performance. Activities that can be done inside the school include large numbers of students and split them to individuals, groups and society. At the same time work can be done with teachers and all school staff in order to support and assist children within the activities, programs or seminars.
Her yıl dünya çocuk hakları günü kutlarken Afrika, Latin Amerika ve Ortadoğu bölgelerinde süregel... more Her yıl dünya çocuk hakları günü kutlarken Afrika, Latin Amerika ve Ortadoğu bölgelerinde süregelen çatışma ve savaş ortamlarında binlerce çocuk can vermekte ya da özürlü olarak kalmaktadır. Savaş ortamında yaşamak zorunda kalan bu çocukların en temel hakları olan yaşama, sağlık, eğitim, barınma gibi çocuk hakları bildirgesinde yer alan pek çok hakları ihlal edilmekte, ihmal istismarın en ağır biçimleriyle karşılaşmaktadırlar.
Bu bildiride riskli yaşam koşullarında yaşayan çocukların BM(Birleşmiş Milletler) Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi açısından yaşamış oldukları dezavantajların değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Birleşmiş Miletler Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin sunduğu bakış açısı ve felsefenin ışığında savaş bölgesindeki çocukları korumak için sosyal hizmet açısından neler yapılabileceği irdelenerek bu konuya ilişkin önerilere yer verilmektedir.
Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İn... more Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İnsanı ve onun yarattığı her türlü birikimi yok ederek büyük acılara yol açan savaşlar, insanlık tarihinin en eski olgularından biridir. Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanlığı, gelişme kaynaklarından yoksun bırakarak toplumsal refahın gerçekleşmesini engellemektedir. Savaşlarda ölenlerin yanı sıra daha çok sayıda insan yaralanıp sakatlanmaktadır. Ölüm, yaralanma ve sakatlıklar bireyleri, yakın çevrelerini ve giderek bütün toplumu derinden sarsan sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Aylar, yıllar süren tıbbi bakım, fiziksel, ruhsal ve toplumsal rehabilitasyon gereksinimi, yoğun çaba ve kaynak aktarımı gerektirmektedir. Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu bildiride son yaşanan Filistin-İsrail savaşı odağında, çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır. Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Filistin İsrail savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Aile içi şiddet olguları genellikle kadın odaklı düşünülen bir durumdur. Bu durumun yaşandığı ort... more Aile içi şiddet olguları genellikle kadın odaklı düşünülen bir durumdur. Bu durumun yaşandığı ortamda aslında kadınlar gibi çocuklar da ortamın olumsuzluklarından doğrudan doğruya etkilenmektedirler. Aile içi şiddet çocuğun kişiliği, psikolojisi, sosyal yaşamı ve eğitimi üzerinde ciddi travmatik izler bırakmaktadır. Bu olumsuz deneyim çocuğun sadece bu günkü yaşamına değil gelecekteki yaşamına da zarar vermektedir. Aile içi şiddet yaşantısı çocuğu hem tanık olarak, hem de mağdur olarak çok yönlü bir travmatik deneyim içinde bırakmaktadır. Şiddet ortamındaki kadına yönelik psikososyal çalışmalar yürütülürken, ailede annesine uygulanan şiddete şahit olan veya doğrudan doğruya bu şiddetten nasibini alan çocukların da psikososyal yardıma ihtiyaçları olduğu çok açıktır. Bu bildiride aile içi şiddet mağduru çocuklara yönelik ne tür psikososyal çalışmalar yapılabileceği tartışılmaktadır.
Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American ... more Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American countries in particular, the conflict violent and war still continues in many parts of the world. These events have a devastating effect to the whole community. But children as a silence victim, during and after these events are exposed to all kinds of neglect, abuse, death and human rights violations in this way children represents a major victimization. Living in conflict and violence environment is a tragic event for the children and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict environment on children. The social worker in this case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually, provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper, will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence and conflict environment since many years as an example.
Child neglect and abuse, that has several aspects apart from complex causes and tragic consequenc... more Child neglect and abuse, that has several aspects apart from complex causes and tragic consequences, psychosocial, developmental, medical and legal aspects, is a comprehensive and serious problem. World Health Organization (WHO) has defined child abuse as an act that adversely affects child’s health, physical and psychosocial development through an adult person, his/her society or his/her country either knowingly or unknowingly (Black et al: 2004, 140). Child maltreatment refers to physical and emotional mistreatment, sexual abuse, neglect and negligent treatment of children, as well as to their commercial or other exploitation. It occurs in many different settings. The perpetrators of child maltreatment may be parents and other family members, caregivers, friends, acquaintances, strangers, others in authority – such as teachers, soldiers, police officers and clergy, employers, health care workers and other children. Not catering for the child's biopsychosocial development and health needs can as well be defined as "child abuse". Today's understanding of childhood age, childhood is the fulfillment of all the biopsychosocial developmental steps to adulthood. However, vulnerability to every kind of danger like neglect and abuse especially based on the understanding of a valuable term should be given children’s special protection. Child neglect and abuse is a common phenomenon throughout the world. However, this phenomenon has been observed to be more intense in conflict and war zones. Children are the big victims of the endless conflict and wars in the Middle East; they are more affected than the adults. Conflicts and wars negatively affect children's psychosocial development. The functionality of the events created by the threats and the family structure of society is one of the main factors leading to child neglect and abuse. The fact is that more than 60 years of child neglect and abuse have been witnessed in Palestine, which is one of the most conflictive regions of the Middle East caused by war and conflict. In this paper, child neglect and abuse occurring in Palestine will be considered and ways for the elimination of the situation will be discussed.
The number of students who come to Turkey for the purpose of education from different countries a... more The number of students who come to Turkey for the purpose of education from different countries and different cultures is increasing. Often these students come from the countries in Balkan, Middle Eastern, Africa and Turkish Republics. These students experience various problems in adapting Turkish culture as a new way of life and this have negative impact on the educational success of the international students in Turkey.
In this paper, adjustment problems experienced by undergraduate international students in Turkey and the application of social work to solve these problems will be discussed.
Wars and armed conflicts throughout history is the most serious and the biggest factor on demogra... more Wars and armed conflicts throughout history is the most serious and the biggest factor on demographic changes of human societies, especially those that live in a state of constant conflict over different time periods or continuously. The world has witnessed many wars and conflicts that led to the deaths of millions of people, mostly children and youth. Despite the presence of many local and international agreements to protect the civilians in times of conflict and war, however it loses its effectiveness since the first day of the war. The society called Middle East, is one of societies that deserve special study. A society worthy of studying the impact of wars on it because from the beginning it has been a young society witnessing wars and conflicts continuously for decades. Despite the impact of the war on all segments of society, however, the young people deserve a special study since it is run by the conflict and are consequentially affected directly and indirectly in its sustainability. The young people are most likely to be killed, disabled, imprisoned or engaged in terrorist organizations, and militias. All of this in an atmosphere of instability and the absence of physical, psychological and social rehabilitation and the consequent chronic problems lead to improperly growth of the largest class in the society .This paper will address the impact of war and conflict on young people in the Middle East, including discussing topics of youth unemployment and participation in wars and conflicts and its impact on the healthy growth of the younger generation in the Middle East in general. In light of this study, there will be thrown many proposals that could contribute to the healthy growth of the younger generation within the Middle East region in the long term.
Abstract
Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin ... more Abstract Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American countries in particular, the conflict violent and war still continues in many parts of the world. These events have a devastating effect to the whole communities. But children as silent victims, during and after these events are exposed to all kinds of neglect, abuse, death and human rights violations represent a major victimization. Living in conflict and violent environment is a tragic event for children and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict on children. The social worker in this case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually, provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper, will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence and conflict environment since many years as an example. Keywords: Social Work, War, Conflict, Violence, Reconciliation
INTRODUCTION Children considered as the greatest victim of the wars, armed conflicts and fraction... more INTRODUCTION Children considered as the greatest victim of the wars, armed conflicts and fractional migration. Wars, armed conflicts, fractional migration and political violence are causing many problems that affect the psychosocial, physical and moral growth of children. There is no doubt that the suffering of children is increasing and the violation of children rights is growing when they are forced to migrate alone or with friends or with family. In these conditions, children are facing many problems during migration in the host countries as well as the problems that they have suffered because of wars and conflicts in their countries of origin. Social work has significant and very important role in working with children, particularly refugee children. This role highlights through a holistic approach social work practice and social worker's skills and information in dealing with children in such crises. This chapter highlights the problems faced by refugee children and the role of social work in working with those children. In addition, it also highlights the methods of social work intervention with problems of refugee children on an individual, group and social policies levels.
Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İn... more Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İnsanı ve onun yarattığı her türlü birikimi yok ederek büyük acılara yol açan savaşlar, insanlık tarihinin en eski olgularından biridir. Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanlığı, gelişme kaynaklarından yoksun bırakarak toplumsal refahın gerçekleşmesini engellemektedir. Savaşlarda ölenlerin yanı sıra çok sayıda insan yaralanıp sakatlanmaktadır. Ölüm, yaralanma ve sakatlıklar bireyleri, yakın çevrelerini ve giderek bütün toplumu derinden sarsan sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Aylar, yıllar süren tıbbi bakım, fiziksel, ruhsal ve toplumsal rehabilitasyon gereksinimi, yoğun çaba ve kaynak aktarımı gerektirmektedir. Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ortadoğu bölgesinde ve özellikle Filistin’de, çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır. Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Ortadoğu savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Savaş ve çatışma, engelli çocuklar, çocuk hakları, sosyal hizmet.
International students are among the most important groups that contribute to cultural diversity ... more International students are among the most important groups that contribute to cultural diversity within the host country, as well as the fact that international students are the motto of peace and security among nations. Looking at international students within the campus of any university in the world gives us a picture that people of all shapes, colors, languages and cultures can live in peace and security on the planet. However, we find that these students suffer from some problems related to language, adaptation, culture, economic matters, housing and leisure and thus the emergence of problems of academic achievement. All these problems can be accepted by international students and solved as expected problems because of living in a new environment. However, the discrimination and oppression faced by international students cannot received it as expected things as a result of diversity. To the extent that discrimination issues affect adaptation and academic achievement, it is also affect the mental and physical health of international students. This article attempts to focus on the problem of discrimination experienced by international students and its dimensions. At the same time, it focuses on the role of social work in working with international students who are discriminated and suggests the most important points and social policies that countries should take to reduce this problem and its consequences.
Refugee children who are victims of ongoing wars and conflicts around the world specially in Midd... more Refugee children who are victims of ongoing wars and conflicts around the world specially in Middle East Region is one of the most vulnerable groups that require international legal protection and professional intervention. Wars and conflicts have forced millions of children to leave their countries and displacements to neighboring countries, accompanied by their families or unaccompanied. However, the problems and trauma experienced by children during a period of asylum, or after is not less than of those experienced in an environment of war and conflict. This stage is one of the critical stages that affect a child's growth. It requires from the host countries meeting the necessary needs of children and developing therapeutic, rehabilitative and preventive programs as well as psychological and social support programs. Problem of education is one of the most important problems facing the vast majority of refugee children, there are millions of refugee children are deprived of the right to education as indicated in the reports prepared on this issue. Therefore, most of the host countries are developing programs that aims to integrate refugee children into schools and to protect their rights to education. Since social work is considered as the most important professions that play an active role in the integration process. This is through the direct practice with refugee and immigrant students and their families and the surrounding environment as well as cooperation with governmental and nongovernmental institutions in this area. This article will discuss the role of school social work in dealing with refugee childrens' problems in the school and facilitate their integration. In light of this discussion, this research will give suggestions to develop the performance of the school social worker during the integration process.
Higher education for young people has many meanings such as acquire an education, acquire a cultu... more Higher education for young people has many meanings such as acquire an education, acquire a culture of higher learning, make friends, dream for the future, planning a career and planning for future life. In higher education institutions, students face many problems and expect solutions to these problems. Academic, cultural, psychosocial and economic problems are the most common problems of higher education youth in the world. Most countries produce and implement a number of policies in order to address problems in the field of higher education and to make it easier for students to adapt to the higher education environment and thus be successful. When looked at problems faced by young people in the process of higher education especially in terms of young people coming to study in another country it seems to have won different sizes. This study was conducted to determine the social service needs, educational and academic requirements, cultural, linguistic, psychological, economic, and personal development, in addition to free time activities, housing, and persecution and discrimination problems of 367 international students who are coming from 61 countries and receiving higher education in Turkey. The top problems experienced by international students in Turkey are % 46. 9 academic, and % 44.1economic problems, in addition to % 42 pressure and discrimination. In this article, social work contributions and recommendations for solving problems faced by higher education youth in examples of international students are presented.
The qualitative and quantitative challenges in child protection in the Middle East and North Afri... more The qualitative and quantitative challenges in child protection in the Middle East and North Africa countries making the children vulnerable to the risks and all kinds of neglect and exploitation. In addition to the great violation of the rights of children, especially girls as a result of ongoing wars and conflicts in the region. The children's rights violations and the problems faced by children in war environment were forced them to migrate to other countries unaccompanied or with family. Also, the problems faced by children in the asylum period have very negative implications on the physical, psychological, social and moral development of children along with the violation of many rights. It can be seen that girls are more vulnerable to problems and violations of the rights among the refugee children. This study will discuss neglect and exploitation problems and risks faced by refugee girls during the asylum period and will present the social policy suggestions that can contribute to solving these problems and protecting the refugee girls.
The wars and armed conflicts in many regions of the world and especially in the Middle East have ... more The wars and armed conflicts in many regions of the world and especially in the Middle East have an eloquent impact on all life's happenings most especially in areas affected. Wars destroys community infrastructure such as health, education and other social services sectors. As of present, the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East had left a significant impact on the family and the individual in the areas affected. In the family, it has lead to disintegration and roles change. It is also lead to forced migration and asylum. At the individual level, it have impacted negatively in terms of psychology, social and physical wellbeing. Women and children are the most affected by traumatic events of war and they are the most vulnerable to all types of exploitation and abuse. The devastating effects of war on this vulnerable group can hardly be overemphasized. This paper discusses the problems faced by children and women in war and conflict zones. It also explores physical, mental health, social and educational crisis experienced by women and children in the Middle Eastern society. A society that is known to have witnessed many civil wars and armed conflicts. In addition, the study also discusses social and health services which must be provided to women and children in conflict affected area from the social work perspective.
The number of young students who immigrated to other countries for educational purposes is increa... more The number of young students who immigrated to other countries for educational purposes is increasing day by day and this situation is likely to continue in the near future. The students who have immigrated for the purpose of education experience various problems in adapting to the culture of a new country. This may have negative effects on their educational success, valuing leisure time, participating in social activities within the new society and socialization in general. In this article, adjustment problems experienced by undergraduate international students and the application of social work to solve these problems will be discussed. Besides, it will develop suggestions that contribute to encourage young students to search for solutions to the problems they face in a multicultural environment. The aim of this article is to explain how university-based social work intervention can be used for international students in order to solve their problems and enhance their well-being. The solutions that the study proposed will be structured within the framework of multicultural approach.
Young people in many Middle East countries are one of the most important groups that has been mar... more Young people in many Middle East countries are one of the most important groups that has been marginalized and deprived from participation in the political, economic and social life over the long decades. Wars and conflicts in the region have increased the problems experienced by young people. While unemployment and economic problems are the top of crisis experienced by young people in the Middle East before wars and conflicts, the participation in acts of violence or exposure to it and the consequences related to situation such as killings, imprisonment, resorting to other countries and referring to Middle Eastern young people as terrorists and racial discrimination against them have become the most important characteristics of the crisis and the problems experienced by Middle East youngsters. In this article, the problems experienced by the young people in the Middle East coupled with the impact of ongoing wars and conflicts which have exacerbate the crisis of the young people within the regions and its future repercussions are reviewed. In the light of this, various management perspectives are reviewed. There is also a proposed model for future social policies that aims to solve the crisis faced by Middle East youngsters and to integrate them into the society.
Children have been the greatest victims of war, conflict and forced migration all over the world,... more Children have been the greatest victims of war, conflict and forced migration all over the world, especially in the Middle East region. While some of the children who are unaccompanied or who migrate with their family live in tough conditions in refugee camps, others are trying to survive outside the camps. Children living outside the camps are subjected to all kinds of negligence, abuse, risk and rights violations. It is seen that the number of children living outside the refugee camps and the problems they face are increasing every day. This case brings together developing of social policies for refugee children in accordance with the children's rights convention and social work intervention. This study discusses violations of the rights of refugee children who are seeking to survive outside the refugee camps and presents the social policy proposals that should be developed for them in the light of the child rights convention.
Dünyanın her tarafında ve özellikle de Ortadoğu bölgesinde yaşanan savaş, çatışmalar ve buna bağl... more Dünyanın her tarafında ve özellikle de Ortadoğu bölgesinde yaşanan savaş, çatışmalar ve buna bağlı zorunlu göçlerin en büyük mağduru çocuklar olmuştur. Zorunlu olarak göç eden ailesi ile birlikte veya refakatsiz çocukların bir kısmı mülteci kamplarında zor koşullarda yaşarken diğer büyük kısmı kamplar dışında yaşamını sürdürmeye çalışmaktadır. Kamplar dışında yaşayan çocukların her türlü ihmal, istismar, riskler ve bütün hakları ihlaline maruz kalabilmektedirler. Kamplar dışında yaşayan çocukların sayısı ve karşılaştığı sorunlar gittikçe artmakta ve her düzeyde sosyal hizmet müdahalesi ve çocuk hakları sözleşmesine uygun olarak onlara yönelik sosyal politikaların geliştirilmesi biraderinde getirmektedir. Mülteci çocukların sorunları sosyal hizmet ve sosyal politika perspektifinden ele alındığında, refakatsiz veya ailesi ile birlikte zorunlu olarak göç eden bu çocukların birçok sorunla karşılaştıkları görülmektedir. Yaşanan iltica süreci çocukların psikolojisini, fiziksel, ahlaki ve ruhsal gelişimini ve sosyal yaşamlarını olumsuz olarak etkilemekte ve ciddi sosyal hizmet müdahalelerini gerektirmektedir. Dolayısıyla mülteci çocuklara hizmet sağlayan sivil toplum örgütleri ve devlete bağlı kurumlarda çalışan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının mülteci çocuklarla çalışırken bu çocukların sorunlarını çözümleyebilmek amacıyla birçok bilgi ve beceriye sahip olması gerekmektedir. Sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının mülteci çocuklarla yapacakları çalışmalarda klinik düzeyde kullanılması gereken mesleki bilgi ve beceriler arasında özellikle mülteci çocukların göç sürecinde yaşadıkları hak ihlalleri ve bu hak ihlallere bağlı çocukların yaşadıkları travma ve sorunlar hakkında bilgi sahibi olması gerekmektedir. Aynı zamanda bu çocuklarla etkili iletişim kurabilmek için yabancı dil bilmek gibi ek bazı becerilere sahip olması da önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada mülteci kampları dışında yaşamını sürdürmeye çalışan mülteci çocukların uğradıkları hak ihlalleri sunulmakta ve çocuk hakları sözleşmesi ışığında onlara yönelik geliştirilmesi gereken sosyal politika önerileri ele alınmaktadır.
Ongoing wars and conflicts in many countries in the world resulted in various problems effecting ... more Ongoing wars and conflicts in many countries in the world resulted in various problems effecting Men and societies, especially children. This situation requires serious professional interventions, especially in dealing with children affected by political violence. At the same time they are the most important group in social work interventions which aimed to protect, prevent and treat them. School is actually the best source to reach the children and their parents in such crises, as well it is a best source because it is where social work can help children and provide them with supporting services. Direct and indirect exposure to violence affects their behavior and growth requiring direct work with the child and his family. Undoubtedly that social work intervention with children in times of war and conflict requires sufficient skills and information about the difficulties they suffer. This article discusses the impact of living in an environment of war and conflict on children and the importance of school social work intervention. Impact of violence caused by war and conflict on children at school Living in an environment of war and conflict causes children to lose their rights as well involves the emergence of behavioral problems affecting their physical, moral, social and psychological development. Consequently and negatively this affects the participation of children within the school environment. A symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder often appears in children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence. These negative effects establish peer relationships and peer school performance. Besides the impact of violence on children, there are other things created by an environment of war and conflicts that have a direct impact on the mental health of children for instance poverty, malnutrition, family relations and violence emergin from environment. Generally children still under the influence of the conflicts they see in public, television and environment can apply the pattern of violent behavior against each other in school. Exposing or witnessing the violence affects the children's concentration and participation in class and in other activities in school (Snoubar, 2010; Snoubar & Duman, 2015). Psychological hazards to children includes, terrible events observation and threats against loved ones, show the terrible events in the media, torture, threats and self-blame. Moreover, children from an early age can be danger-measured by reading concerns of their parents. This phenomenon is called social referencing (Masten et al. 1990; Masten and Narayan, 2012). Therefore it is necessary to include the presence of parents in any intervention made to the children. School Social Work in Conflict Community School is one of the most important places where could be managed the case in dealing with children in the times of crisis. Accessing to children in times of distress through the school and providing them with psychological and social support is a crucial step in the field of child protection in a risked environment. In fact, school facilitates the work of social workers in determining the risk factors and problems suffered by children and affecting their development and school performance. Activities that can be done inside the school include large numbers of students and split them to individuals, groups and society. At the same time work can be done with teachers and all school staff in order to support and assist children within the activities, programs or seminars.
Her yıl dünya çocuk hakları günü kutlarken Afrika, Latin Amerika ve Ortadoğu bölgelerinde süregel... more Her yıl dünya çocuk hakları günü kutlarken Afrika, Latin Amerika ve Ortadoğu bölgelerinde süregelen çatışma ve savaş ortamlarında binlerce çocuk can vermekte ya da özürlü olarak kalmaktadır. Savaş ortamında yaşamak zorunda kalan bu çocukların en temel hakları olan yaşama, sağlık, eğitim, barınma gibi çocuk hakları bildirgesinde yer alan pek çok hakları ihlal edilmekte, ihmal istismarın en ağır biçimleriyle karşılaşmaktadırlar.
Bu bildiride riskli yaşam koşullarında yaşayan çocukların BM(Birleşmiş Milletler) Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi açısından yaşamış oldukları dezavantajların değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Birleşmiş Miletler Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin sunduğu bakış açısı ve felsefenin ışığında savaş bölgesindeki çocukları korumak için sosyal hizmet açısından neler yapılabileceği irdelenerek bu konuya ilişkin önerilere yer verilmektedir.
Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İn... more Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanın varlığına yöneltilmiş en yıkıcı eylemlerin başında gelmektedir. İnsanı ve onun yarattığı her türlü birikimi yok ederek büyük acılara yol açan savaşlar, insanlık tarihinin en eski olgularından biridir. Savaşlar ve çatışmalar insanlığı, gelişme kaynaklarından yoksun bırakarak toplumsal refahın gerçekleşmesini engellemektedir. Savaşlarda ölenlerin yanı sıra daha çok sayıda insan yaralanıp sakatlanmaktadır. Ölüm, yaralanma ve sakatlıklar bireyleri, yakın çevrelerini ve giderek bütün toplumu derinden sarsan sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Aylar, yıllar süren tıbbi bakım, fiziksel, ruhsal ve toplumsal rehabilitasyon gereksinimi, yoğun çaba ve kaynak aktarımı gerektirmektedir. Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu bildiride son yaşanan Filistin-İsrail savaşı odağında, çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır. Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Filistin İsrail savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Aile içi şiddet olguları genellikle kadın odaklı düşünülen bir durumdur. Bu durumun yaşandığı ort... more Aile içi şiddet olguları genellikle kadın odaklı düşünülen bir durumdur. Bu durumun yaşandığı ortamda aslında kadınlar gibi çocuklar da ortamın olumsuzluklarından doğrudan doğruya etkilenmektedirler. Aile içi şiddet çocuğun kişiliği, psikolojisi, sosyal yaşamı ve eğitimi üzerinde ciddi travmatik izler bırakmaktadır. Bu olumsuz deneyim çocuğun sadece bu günkü yaşamına değil gelecekteki yaşamına da zarar vermektedir. Aile içi şiddet yaşantısı çocuğu hem tanık olarak, hem de mağdur olarak çok yönlü bir travmatik deneyim içinde bırakmaktadır. Şiddet ortamındaki kadına yönelik psikososyal çalışmalar yürütülürken, ailede annesine uygulanan şiddete şahit olan veya doğrudan doğruya bu şiddetten nasibini alan çocukların da psikososyal yardıma ihtiyaçları olduğu çok açıktır. Bu bildiride aile içi şiddet mağduru çocuklara yönelik ne tür psikososyal çalışmalar yapılabileceği tartışılmaktadır.
Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American ... more Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American countries in particular, the conflict violent and war still continues in many parts of the world. These events have a devastating effect to the whole community. But children as a silence victim, during and after these events are exposed to all kinds of neglect, abuse, death and human rights violations in this way children represents a major victimization. Living in conflict and violence environment is a tragic event for the children and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict environment on children. The social worker in this case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually, provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper, will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence and conflict environment since many years as an example.
Child neglect and abuse, that has several aspects apart from complex causes and tragic consequenc... more Child neglect and abuse, that has several aspects apart from complex causes and tragic consequences, psychosocial, developmental, medical and legal aspects, is a comprehensive and serious problem. World Health Organization (WHO) has defined child abuse as an act that adversely affects child’s health, physical and psychosocial development through an adult person, his/her society or his/her country either knowingly or unknowingly (Black et al: 2004, 140). Child maltreatment refers to physical and emotional mistreatment, sexual abuse, neglect and negligent treatment of children, as well as to their commercial or other exploitation. It occurs in many different settings. The perpetrators of child maltreatment may be parents and other family members, caregivers, friends, acquaintances, strangers, others in authority – such as teachers, soldiers, police officers and clergy, employers, health care workers and other children. Not catering for the child's biopsychosocial development and health needs can as well be defined as "child abuse". Today's understanding of childhood age, childhood is the fulfillment of all the biopsychosocial developmental steps to adulthood. However, vulnerability to every kind of danger like neglect and abuse especially based on the understanding of a valuable term should be given children’s special protection. Child neglect and abuse is a common phenomenon throughout the world. However, this phenomenon has been observed to be more intense in conflict and war zones. Children are the big victims of the endless conflict and wars in the Middle East; they are more affected than the adults. Conflicts and wars negatively affect children's psychosocial development. The functionality of the events created by the threats and the family structure of society is one of the main factors leading to child neglect and abuse. The fact is that more than 60 years of child neglect and abuse have been witnessed in Palestine, which is one of the most conflictive regions of the Middle East caused by war and conflict. In this paper, child neglect and abuse occurring in Palestine will be considered and ways for the elimination of the situation will be discussed.
The number of students who come to Turkey for the purpose of education from different countries a... more The number of students who come to Turkey for the purpose of education from different countries and different cultures is increasing. Often these students come from the countries in Balkan, Middle Eastern, Africa and Turkish Republics. These students experience various problems in adapting Turkish culture as a new way of life and this have negative impact on the educational success of the international students in Turkey.
In this paper, adjustment problems experienced by undergraduate international students in Turkey and the application of social work to solve these problems will be discussed.
Wars and armed conflicts throughout history is the most serious and the biggest factor on demogra... more Wars and armed conflicts throughout history is the most serious and the biggest factor on demographic changes of human societies, especially those that live in a state of constant conflict over different time periods or continuously. The world has witnessed many wars and conflicts that led to the deaths of millions of people, mostly children and youth. Despite the presence of many local and international agreements to protect the civilians in times of conflict and war, however it loses its effectiveness since the first day of the war. The society called Middle East, is one of societies that deserve special study. A society worthy of studying the impact of wars on it because from the beginning it has been a young society witnessing wars and conflicts continuously for decades. Despite the impact of the war on all segments of society, however, the young people deserve a special study since it is run by the conflict and are consequentially affected directly and indirectly in its sustainability. The young people are most likely to be killed, disabled, imprisoned or engaged in terrorist organizations, and militias. All of this in an atmosphere of instability and the absence of physical, psychological and social rehabilitation and the consequent chronic problems lead to improperly growth of the largest class in the society .This paper will address the impact of war and conflict on young people in the Middle East, including discussing topics of youth unemployment and participation in wars and conflicts and its impact on the healthy growth of the younger generation in the Middle East in general. In light of this study, there will be thrown many proposals that could contribute to the healthy growth of the younger generation within the Middle East region in the long term.
Abstract
Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin ... more Abstract Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American countries in particular, the conflict violent and war still continues in many parts of the world. These events have a devastating effect to the whole communities. But children as silent victims, during and after these events are exposed to all kinds of neglect, abuse, death and human rights violations represent a major victimization. Living in conflict and violent environment is a tragic event for children and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict on children. The social worker in this case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually, provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper, will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence and conflict environment since many years as an example. Keywords: Social Work, War, Conflict, Violence, Reconciliation
INTRODUCTION Children considered as the greatest victim of the wars, armed conflicts and fraction... more INTRODUCTION Children considered as the greatest victim of the wars, armed conflicts and fractional migration. Wars, armed conflicts, fractional migration and political violence are causing many problems that affect the psychosocial, physical and moral growth of children. There is no doubt that the suffering of children is increasing and the violation of children rights is growing when they are forced to migrate alone or with friends or with family. In these conditions, children are facing many problems during migration in the host countries as well as the problems that they have suffered because of wars and conflicts in their countries of origin. Social work has significant and very important role in working with children, particularly refugee children. This role highlights through a holistic approach social work practice and social worker's skills and information in dealing with children in such crises. This chapter highlights the problems faced by refugee children and the role of social work in working with those children. In addition, it also highlights the methods of social work intervention with problems of refugee children on an individual, group and social policies levels.
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Papers by Yaser Snoubar
Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan
kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ortadoğu bölgesinde ve özellikle Filistin’de,
çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu
değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır.
Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Ortadoğu savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Savaş ve çatışma, engelli çocuklar, çocuk hakları, sosyal hizmet.
Bu bildiride riskli yaşam koşullarında yaşayan çocukların BM(Birleşmiş Milletler) Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi açısından yaşamış oldukları dezavantajların değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Birleşmiş Miletler Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin sunduğu bakış açısı ve felsefenin ışığında savaş bölgesindeki çocukları korumak için sosyal hizmet açısından neler yapılabileceği irdelenerek bu konuya ilişkin önerilere yer verilmektedir.
Savaşlarda ölenlerin yanı sıra daha çok sayıda insan yaralanıp sakatlanmaktadır. Ölüm, yaralanma ve sakatlıklar bireyleri, yakın çevrelerini ve giderek bütün toplumu derinden sarsan sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Aylar, yıllar süren tıbbi bakım, fiziksel, ruhsal ve toplumsal rehabilitasyon gereksinimi, yoğun çaba ve kaynak aktarımı gerektirmektedir.
Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır.
Bu bildiride son yaşanan Filistin-İsrail savaşı odağında, çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır. Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Filistin İsrail savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Bu olumsuz deneyim çocuğun sadece bu günkü yaşamına değil gelecekteki yaşamına da zarar vermektedir. Aile içi şiddet yaşantısı çocuğu hem tanık olarak, hem de mağdur olarak çok yönlü bir travmatik deneyim içinde bırakmaktadır.
Şiddet ortamındaki kadına yönelik psikososyal çalışmalar yürütülürken, ailede annesine uygulanan şiddete şahit olan veya doğrudan doğruya bu şiddetten nasibini alan çocukların da psikososyal yardıma ihtiyaçları olduğu çok açıktır. Bu bildiride aile içi şiddet mağduru çocuklara yönelik ne tür psikososyal çalışmalar yapılabileceği tartışılmaktadır.
Living in conflict and violence environment is a tragic event for the children and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict environment on children. The social worker in this case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually, provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper, will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence and conflict environment since many years as an example.
In this paper, adjustment problems experienced by undergraduate international students in Turkey and the application of social work to solve these problems will be discussed.
Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American countries in particular, the
conflict violent and war still continues in many parts of the world. These events have a devastating effect to the whole
communities. But children as silent victims, during and after these events are exposed to all kinds of neglect, abuse, death and
human rights violations represent a major victimization. Living in conflict and violent environment is a tragic event for children
and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines
contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level
interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international
level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict on children. The social worker in this
case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and
skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually,
provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with
protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have
been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in
worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of
mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper,
will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence
and conflict environment since many years as an example.
Keywords: Social Work, War, Conflict, Violence, Reconciliation
Books by Yaser Snoubar
Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan
kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ortadoğu bölgesinde ve özellikle Filistin’de,
çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu
değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır.
Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Ortadoğu savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Savaş ve çatışma, engelli çocuklar, çocuk hakları, sosyal hizmet.
Bu bildiride riskli yaşam koşullarında yaşayan çocukların BM(Birleşmiş Milletler) Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi açısından yaşamış oldukları dezavantajların değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Birleşmiş Miletler Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin sunduğu bakış açısı ve felsefenin ışığında savaş bölgesindeki çocukları korumak için sosyal hizmet açısından neler yapılabileceği irdelenerek bu konuya ilişkin önerilere yer verilmektedir.
Savaşlarda ölenlerin yanı sıra daha çok sayıda insan yaralanıp sakatlanmaktadır. Ölüm, yaralanma ve sakatlıklar bireyleri, yakın çevrelerini ve giderek bütün toplumu derinden sarsan sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Aylar, yıllar süren tıbbi bakım, fiziksel, ruhsal ve toplumsal rehabilitasyon gereksinimi, yoğun çaba ve kaynak aktarımı gerektirmektedir.
Savaşlar, insan haklarına yönelmiş en kapsamlı saldırıdır. Yaşam hakkının ortadan kaldırıldığı bir ortamda, diğer hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması düşünülemez bile. Bu nedenlerle barış, temel bir insan hakkı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Silahlı çatışma ve savaş ortamında kalan çocuklar ölüm, türlü travmalar, ihmal ve istismar, eğitimden yoksun kalma, ailesini veya aile üyelerinden birisini kaybetme, aç kalma, mülteci kamplarında yaşama, hastalanma, sakat kalma gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır.
Bu bildiride son yaşanan Filistin-İsrail savaşı odağında, çatışmalardan etkilenen çocuklar, özellikle de sakatlanan çocukların durumu değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirme insan hakları perspektifinden yapılacaktır. Temelde Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesine ve diğer evrensel çocuk hakları belgelerine dayanarak çatışma ve savaş (özellikle de Filistin İsrail savaşında) ortamlarında bulunan çocukların korunmasına dair düzenlemeler ışığında, savaş ve çatışma ortamlarında bulunan ve sakatlanan çocukların haklarına ilişkin durum değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Bu olumsuz deneyim çocuğun sadece bu günkü yaşamına değil gelecekteki yaşamına da zarar vermektedir. Aile içi şiddet yaşantısı çocuğu hem tanık olarak, hem de mağdur olarak çok yönlü bir travmatik deneyim içinde bırakmaktadır.
Şiddet ortamındaki kadına yönelik psikososyal çalışmalar yürütülürken, ailede annesine uygulanan şiddete şahit olan veya doğrudan doğruya bu şiddetten nasibini alan çocukların da psikososyal yardıma ihtiyaçları olduğu çok açıktır. Bu bildiride aile içi şiddet mağduru çocuklara yönelik ne tür psikososyal çalışmalar yapılabileceği tartışılmaktadır.
Living in conflict and violence environment is a tragic event for the children and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict environment on children. The social worker in this case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually, provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper, will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence and conflict environment since many years as an example.
In this paper, adjustment problems experienced by undergraduate international students in Turkey and the application of social work to solve these problems will be discussed.
Since beginning of the century to the present day, especially in Asia, Africa and Latin American countries in particular, the
conflict violent and war still continues in many parts of the world. These events have a devastating effect to the whole
communities. But children as silent victims, during and after these events are exposed to all kinds of neglect, abuse, death and
human rights violations represent a major victimization. Living in conflict and violent environment is a tragic event for children
and living in this environment, has negative effects on children's physical and psychosocial development. Many disciplines
contribute to reduce or eliminate these negative effects. However, social work as distinct from other disciplines has multi-level
interventions in order to find a solution to the problem at individual and community levels, as well as national and international
level by using a holistic approach to reduce or eliminate the effects of violence and conflict on children. The social worker in this
case of such conflict and violence and in particular to carry out work with children required to have special knowledge and
skills. These interventions to protect children during and after the conflict realized by using various different skills. Gradually,
provide services to children in safe places such as food, drink and services eliminate health problems, in accordance with
protect the rights of children in conflict and violence. In the second stage; provide rehabilitation services to children who have
been exposed to or witnessed violence and conflict events, lost one of their family members, who entered prison and lived in
worst conditions and crippled. The third stage is the stage of the reconciliation. At this stage, social worker plays the role of
mediator and prepares the ground for reconciliation to protect children on both sides of the conflict and violence. In this paper,
will discuss how to implement interventions to address this issue with discusses Palestinian children, who are living on violence
and conflict environment since many years as an example.
Keywords: Social Work, War, Conflict, Violence, Reconciliation