- (+855)12-250-887
Tong Ly
Royal Academy of Cambodia, Educational Science, Faculty Member
- Educational and Social Science Researcheredit
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
COVID-19 pandemics caused unprecedent impacts on Cambodia's education, and to prevent community outbreak, Cambodian government issued sets of social distancing measures with closure of all educational institutions and others. To leverage... more
COVID-19 pandemics caused unprecedent impacts on Cambodia's education, and to prevent community outbreak, Cambodian government issued sets of social distancing measures with closure of all educational institutions and others. To leverage the impact on the students' learning, MoEYS provided numerous supporting programs. The study focused on (i) the MoEYS's intervention, (ii) the challenged MoEYS faced and (iii) the MoEYS's readiness for future crisis. Qualitative in-depth interview with 10 key informants were used to gather research data. The study found that to support teaching and learning during school closure, thousands of video lessons were produced. Various e-learning platforms were developed and launched for self-learning. 17% of high schools were equipped with ICT infrastructure, and 13% of teachers were trained in how to use or teach using ICT. Difficulties in arranging online working, developing online inspection tools, and educational quality became the most challenging situation for MoEYS. However, the results from intervention programs such as the newly developed videos and learning materials, the ICT
Research Interests:
Errors and misconception in students' mathematics learning have become hot topics for teachers, educators and researchers for decades. Consistent errors may lead to misconception which ultimately affect the students' learning performance.... more
Errors and misconception in students' mathematics learning have become hot topics for teachers, educators and researchers for decades. Consistent errors may lead to misconception which ultimately affect the students' learning performance. This study centered on errors made by the students when they attempted to solve mathematics word problems. The objective of this study was to identify the errors the students made in solving quadratic function word problems. Qualitative method with students' test paper analysis and the in-depth interview using Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) framework were used to identify the students' errors and mistakes. Forty grade 12 students studying in a Cambodian public high school participated in the study. It was found that the students made the most errors in comprehension level (36.2%), reading errors accounted for 2.15% while transformation errors made up of 12.27%. Process skills errors made up of 19.94% while encoding errors (29.44%) ranked second among errors the students made. Failure to know or understand individual mathematical concept, for example vertex, symmetry line, interception point, range and domain of function etc. had hindered the students' comprehension of the problem and led to difficulties in solving math problems. This study suggested careful attention should be taken into account when introducing specific mathematics concept to students, especially at the early stage. Emphasizing the
Research Interests:
The purpose of this study was to explore Cambodian public's views on China's presence in Cambodia. Chinese business and investment as well as its loan/aid provided to Cambodia were the focal point of China's presence in the study. The... more
The purpose of this study was to explore Cambodian public's views on China's presence in Cambodia. Chinese business and investment as well as its loan/aid provided to Cambodia were the focal point of China's presence in the study. The study employed online survey which involved 339 Cambodian publics. The research found that large proportions of people agreed that the presence of China in term of its business and investment as well as loan/aid did contribute to Cambodia's development. Along with the benefits; however, the participants also agreed on the negative impacts imposed by the presence of China in the kingdom. To tackle the negative impacts brought by the China's presence, the participants suggested should take practical measures and strategic actions to the issues that may arise. Relying on the kingdom's context and demands, it is recommended that future Chinese business and investment should focus on (i) agricultural product processing, (ii) technology and artificial intelligence, (iii) clean and sustainable energy and (iv) textile and automation. Moreover, future China's financial assistance should cover (i) agricultural infrastructure development, (ii) enhancing agricultural skills and innovation, (iii) technology know-how on development
Research Interests:
ការស្រាវជ្រាវនេះ មានគោលបំណងឈ្វេងយល់អំពីកម្រិតនៃជំងឺថប់បារម្ភ (Anxiety) របស់និស្សិតវិស្វករដែលកំពុងសិក្សានៅវិទ្យាស្ថានបច្ចេកវិទ្យាកម្ពុជា ក្នុងបរិបទនៃការរីករាលដាលនៃជំងឺកូវីដ-១៩។ កម្រងសំណួរសម្រាប់វាស់កម្រិតជំងឺថប់បារម្ភរបស់ហ្ស៊ុង (Zung’s... more
ការស្រាវជ្រាវនេះ មានគោលបំណងឈ្វេងយល់អំពីកម្រិតនៃជំងឺថប់បារម្ភ (Anxiety) របស់និស្សិតវិស្វករដែលកំពុងសិក្សានៅវិទ្យាស្ថានបច្ចេកវិទ្យាកម្ពុជា ក្នុងបរិបទនៃការរីករាលដាលនៃជំងឺកូវីដ-១៩។ កម្រងសំណួរសម្រាប់វាស់កម្រិតជំងឺថប់បារម្ភរបស់ហ្ស៊ុង (Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale) ត្រូវបានប្រើប្រាស់ដើម្បីប្រមូលទិន្នន័យពីនិស្សិត។ និស្សិតវិស្វករឆ្នាំទី២នៃវិទ្យាស្ថានបច្ចេកវិទ្យាកម្ពុជាចំនួន៣២៩នាក់បានចូលរួមក្នុងការសិក្សានេះ។ លទ្ធផលបានបង្ហាញថា បើទោះបីជាស្ថិតក្នុងបរិបទជំងឺកូវីដ-១៩ក្តី ស្ថានភាពអារម្មណ៍ទូទៅរបស់និស្សិតស្ថិតក្នុងកម្រិតធម្មតា ប៉ុន្តែនិស្សិតស្រីហាក់មានទំនោរថប់បារម្ភខ្ពស់ជាងនិស្សិតប្រុសបន្តិចបន្តួច។ 75.4% នៃនិស្សិតទាំងនោះមានអារម្មណ៍ធម្មតា ដោយឡែកមាននិស្សិតប្រមាណ 23.7% កើតជំងឺថប់បារម្ភកម្រិតស្រាលទៅកម្រិតមធ្យម។ លទ្ធផលក៏បានបង្ហាញថា មាននិស្សិតតែ៣នាក់ប៉ុណ្ណោះដែលស្ថិតក្នុងស្ថានភាពជំងឺថប់បារម្ភកម្រិតខ្ពស់និងខ្ពស់បំផុត។ អាការៈដូចជា “អន្ទះអន្ទែងនិងតក់ក្រហល់ខ្លាំងជាងធម្មតា”, “ភ័យខ្លាចដោយពុំដឹងមូលហេតុ”, “ឈឺក ឈឺក្បាល និងឈឺខ្នង” និង “ខ្សោយនិងឆាប់អស់កម្លាំង” គឺជាអាការៈជំងឺថប់បារម្ភមួយចំនួនក្នុងចំណោមអាការៈផ្សេងទៀត ដែលនិស្សិតបានជួបប្រទះក្នុងអំឡុងពេលនៃការកើតមានវិបត្តិកូវីដ-១៩នេះ។ លទ្ធផលនៃការសិក្សានេះ បានផ្តល់ឱ្យលោកគ្រូ-អ្នកគ្រូ អ្នកអប់រំ ក៏ដូចជាអ្នករៀបចំគោលនយោបាយនានា នូវទិដ្ឋភាពទូទៅនៃស្ថានភាពជំងឺថប់បារម្ភក្នុងចំណោមនិស្សិតកម្ពុជា ដើម្បីឱ្យពួកគេអាចធ្វើការសម្រេចចិត្តជាក់លាក់ណាមួយ សម្រាប់ជាដំណោះស្រាយសមស្របចំពោះបញ្ហាជំងឺផ្លូវចិត្តរបស់សិស្ស-និស្សិត ក្នុងបរិបទវិបត្តិកូវីដ-១៩ ឬអាចសម្រាប់វិបត្តិជំងឺរាតត្បាតសកលដែលអាចនឹងកើតមាននាពេលអនាគត។
Research Interests:
ការសិក្សានេះមានគោលបំណងស្វែងយល់អំពីកត្តាដែលមានឥទ្ធិពលទៅលើឥរិយាបថទិញទឹកដោះគោស្រស់របស់អតិថិជនរស់នៅរាជធានីភ្នំពេញ ដោយប្រើប្រាស់កម្រងសំណួរស្ទង់មតិ (survey questionnaire) ដើម្បីប្រមូលទិន្នន័យពីសំណាកស្រាវជ្រាវ។... more
ការសិក្សានេះមានគោលបំណងស្វែងយល់អំពីកត្តាដែលមានឥទ្ធិពលទៅលើឥរិយាបថទិញទឹកដោះគោស្រស់របស់អតិថិជនរស់នៅរាជធានីភ្នំពេញ ដោយប្រើប្រាស់កម្រងសំណួរស្ទង់មតិ (survey questionnaire) ដើម្បីប្រមូលទិន្នន័យពីសំណាកស្រាវជ្រាវ។ កម្រងសំណួរត្រូវរៀបចំដាក់ក្នុងទម្រង់ Google Form ដើម្បីស្នើសុំឱ្យអតិថិជននៅក្នុងក្រុងភ្នំពេញជួយបំពេញតាមប្រព័ន្ធអនឡាញ។ សំណាកស្រាវជ្រាវទាំងអស់មានចំនួន100នាក់ ដែលបានជ្រើសរើសតាមវិធីសាស្រ្ត Snowball sampling និងការបំពេញកម្រងសំណួរដោយស្ម័គ្រចិត្ត។ អតិថិជនចំនួន 98.9% មានកម្រិតអប់រំដល់ថ្នាក់ឧត្តមសិក្សា, 59.0% នៃអ្នកចូលរួមជាស្រ្តី និងភាគច្រើននៃអ្នកចូលរួមមានវ័យចន្លោះពី 20-40ឆ្នាំ។ លទ្ធផលក៏បង្ហាញផងដែរថា អតិថិជនប្រមាណជា 55.0% ប្រើប្រាស់ទឹកដោះគោស្រស់ទាំងប្រភេទផលិតក្នុងស្រុកនិងនាំចូល ខណៈដែលអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ទឹកដោះគោស្រស់ផលិតក្នុងស្រុកតែមួយមុខ មានតិចតួចប៉ុណ្ណោះ។ បើទោះបីជាពួកគេមានទំនោរទិញទាំងផលិតផលផលិតក្នុងស្រុកនិងនាំចូលក្តី ប៉ុន្តែ អថិជនភាគច្រើនជ្រើសរើសផលិតផលនាំចូល ច្រើនជាងទិញផលិតផលក្នុងស្រុក។ តាមការសិក្សា ប្រភពផលិតផល (ប្រទេសផលិត) កត្តាតម្លៃ ឬការលក់បញ្ចុះថ្លៃដូចជាទិញមួយថែមមួយ ពុំមានឥទ្ធិពលលើឥរិយាបថទិញរបស់អតិថិជននោះទេ ប៉ុន្តែកត្តាគុណភាពទឹកដោះគោ ការវេចខ្ចប់ កត្តារសជាតិ និងការលក់បញ្ចុះតម្លៃដែលភ្ជាប់ជាមួយនឹងផលិតផលមានសុពលភាពបានយូរ ភាពងាយស្រួលរកទិញផលិតផលទឹកដោះគោស្រស់ គឺមានឥទ្ធិពលទៅលើការសម្រេចចិត្តទិញរបស់អតិថិជន។ ផ្អែកលើលទ្ធផលនៃការសិក្សានេះ ក្រុមហ៊ុនផលិតទឹកដោះគោក្នុងស្រុក ក៏ដូចជាម្ចាស់អាជីវកម្ម និងអ្នករៀបចំគោលនយោបាយទីផ្សារផលិតផលទឹកដោះគោ គួរធ្វើការផ្តោតលើកត្តាគុណភាពផលិតផលដែលមានរសជាតិ ការវេចខ្ចប់ និងអនាម័យ និងយុទ្ធសាស្រ្តបញ្ចុះថ្លៃភ្ជាប់នឹងសុពលភាពរបស់ផលិតផលទឹកដោះគោអាចប្រើបានយូរ ដើម្បីទាញយកចំណែកទីផ្សារទឹកគោនៅក្នុងក្រុងភ្នំពេញ។
Research Interests:
ការស្រាវជ្រាវនេះមានវត្ថុបំណងកំណត់នូវបញ្ហាប្រឈម និងស្វែងរកដំណោះស្រាយជាយុទ្ធសាស្រ្ត សម្រាប់ការអភិវឌ្ឍវិស័យទេសចរណ៍នៅកម្ពុជាប្រកបដោយនិរន្តភាព។ ការស្រាវជ្រាវនេះប្រើប្រាស់វិធីសាស្រ្តបែបគុណភាព... more
ការស្រាវជ្រាវនេះមានវត្ថុបំណងកំណត់នូវបញ្ហាប្រឈម និងស្វែងរកដំណោះស្រាយជាយុទ្ធសាស្រ្ត សម្រាប់ការអភិវឌ្ឍវិស័យទេសចរណ៍នៅកម្ពុជាប្រកបដោយនិរន្តភាព។ ការស្រាវជ្រាវនេះប្រើប្រាស់វិធីសាស្រ្តបែបគុណភាព ដោយរួមបញ្ចូលគ្នារវាងការជួបសម្ភាសជាមួយក្រុមគោលដៅសំខាន់ៗ បូកជាមួយនឹងការសិក្សានិងវិភាគទៅលើ ឯកសារនានាដូចជា អត្ថបទស្រាវជ្រាវ ឯកសារយុទ្ធសាស្រ្ត និងឯកសារពាក់ព័ន្ធនឹងវិស័យទេសចរណ៍ផ្សេងៗទៀត។ ជាលទ្ធផល វិស័យទេសចរណ៍កម្ពុជាកំពុងជួបប្រទះនូវបញ្ហាប្រឈមមួយចំនួន ដូចជា សកម្មភាពកេងប្រវ័ញ្ចតាម រូបភាពផ្សេងៗទៅលើភ្ញៀវទេសចរ, កង្វះគោលដៅទេសចរ, កង្វះខាតមគ្គទេសក៍ទេសចរណ៍ដែលមានគុណភាព, ខ្វះភាពទាក់ទាញលើសេវាកម្មទេសចរណ៍, បញ្ហាអនាម័យ សណ្តាប់ធ្នាប់ និងសុវត្ថិភាព និងបញ្ហាសំណុំលិខិតទិដ្ឋាការជាដើម។ ដើម្បីធានាបាននូវនិរន្តរភាពការអភិវឌ្ឍលើវិស័យមួយនេះ កម្ពុជាចាំបាច់ត្រូវរៀបចំគោលនយោបាយ និងផែនការទេសចរណ៍ឱ្យសមស្រប និងប្រែប្រួលទៅតាមនិន្នាការថ្មីនៃគោលដៅទេសចរណ៍សកល។ ដើម្បីឈានទៅសម្រេចបាននូវកិច្ចការមួយនេះ កម្ពុជាអាចពិចារណាលើអនុសាសន៍មួយចំនួនដូចជា ជំរុញទេសចរណ៍ក្នុងស្រុក និងក្រៅស្រុក, រៀបចំបណ្តុះបណ្តាលជំនាញពាក់ព័ន្ធនឹងទេសចរណ៍, រៀបចំផែនទីទេសចរណ៍, ពង្រឹងការផ្សព្វផ្សាយពីទេសចរណ៍កម្ពុជានៅក្រៅប្រទេស, បង្កើនភាពទាក់ទាញលើសេវាកម្មទេសចរណ៍, រៀបចំបង្កើតនូវកម្មវិធីសង្គម-វប្បធម៌តាមប៉ូលទេសចរណ៍ និងខេត្តផ្សេងៗ ព្រមទាំងជំរុញនូវចលនាសហគមអេកូទេសចរណ៍ជាដើម។ ជាក់ស្តែងដើម្បីសម្រេចនូវកិច្ចការទាំងនេះ កម្ពុជាចាំបាច់ត្រូវចំណាយការវិនិយោគច្រើន និងសហការគ្នាពីគ្រប់ភាគីពាក់ព័ន្ធ ទាំងផ្នែករដ្ឋ ឯកជន អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវ អ្នកប្រកបមុខរបរពាក់ព័ន្ធនឹងវិស័យទេសចរណ៍ ក៏ដូចជាប្រជាពលរដ្ឋផ្ទាល់ផងដែរ។
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This research aimed at exploring the views of Cambodian educated people on the influence of major powers (China, the US, Japan and EU) in global and regional contexts. 212 Cambodian educated participants were requested using snowballing... more
This research aimed at exploring the views of Cambodian educated people on the influence of major powers (China, the US, Japan and EU) in global and regional contexts. 212 Cambodian educated participants were requested using snowballing method to fill out the online survey questionnaire. It was found that China and the US were viewed as the most threatening powers to the global peace while Japan was considered the most positive player. In terms of responsibility, Japan was perceived as the key actor and sequentially followed by EU, the US and China. However, China was viewed as the most significant and influential actor in the Southeast Asia region compared to its competitor powers, the US standing the second place and Japan in the third place. EU was seen to be the least influential actor in this region. In addition, the explored views showed that it is important for Cambodia to keep good relation with these major powers. Interestingly, the respondents viewed Japan as the most important actor followed by the EU while China and the US were seen to be the least important players. Gender, education level profession and the respondents' overseas experiences were found to play some roles in segregating their opinions towards China, the US, Japan and the EU.
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The objectives of this study were (i) to understand the students' achievement in probabilities and statistics, (ii) to understand the students' attitudes toward mathematics, and (iii) to identify the relationship between the students'... more
The objectives of this study were (i) to understand the students' achievement in probabilities and statistics, (ii) to understand the students' attitudes toward mathematics, and (iii) to identify the relationship between the students' attitudes and their achievement. A total of 319 engineering students who had just finished their 2 nd year program at the Institute of Technology of Cambodia (ITC) participated in the data collection with an online survey. The result indicated that the students' performance in probability and statistics was fairly good, and the students' background knowledge in mathematics played a certain role in shaping their achievement. Overall, the students had positive attitudes toward mathematics, especially in terms of their interest and confidence in mathematics; however, they also expressed certain fear toward mathematics. The students' gender played no significant role in shaping their attitudes toward mathematics, but their background knowledge in mathematics indicated specific associations. Spearman's correlations proved that, despite being weak in the relationship, the relations existed among all the three factors of the students' attitudes toward mathematics. These relations showed that the more positive the students felt about mathematics, the better they would perform in learning this subject.
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Smart city initiatives are becoming the trends toward not only to enhance social and economic development, but also to address specific challenges and issues arised from urbanization processes and climate changes etc. This paper looks at... more
Smart city initiatives are becoming the trends toward not only to enhance social and economic development, but also to address specific challenges and issues arised from urbanization processes and climate changes etc. This paper looks at smart city from theoretical framework and strategic development perspective. The paper also identifies strategic experiences of some nations in developing their smart cities to be lesson-learned for Cambodia. As for global context, smart city framework involves utilizing technology, ICT and IoTs etc. to embed in its management and development processes. Smart City possesses six key elements namely (1) Smart Government, (2) Smart Environment, (3) Smart Economy, (4) Smart People, (5) Smart Mobility and (6) Smart Living. Learning from the experiences of some countries, smart city development project should focus on the country's own context in term of technology, economic and social settings etc. From theoretical framework, the success of smart city initiative needs to involve three core principles: People, Processes, and Technology. For Cambodia, the government and all involved stakeholders should have clear vision and concrete policy so that smart city initiative will become a reality. Conceptualizing Cambodian situations as well as the experiences of some countries, these six development strategies are recommended: (1) define clearly the community for smart city, (2) study the community, (3) define key economic drivers, (4) develop smart city policy and framework (5) engage the citizen and (6) encourage private secotors for more investment.
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US's relations with other countries have generated public opinions influenced by its actions and policies. In Cambodia the US's influences have shaped Cambodian views among of which are university students. This study aims to explore... more
US's relations with other countries have generated public opinions influenced by its actions and policies. In Cambodia the US's influences have shaped Cambodian views among of which are university students. This study aims to explore Cambodian university student's views of the US's relations towards Cambodia in terms of trust and friendship. Survey method with 381 randomly selected university students in Phnom Penh was conducted. Chi-square tests with descriptive techniques were used to test the association between the student's views with two independent variables, educational level and gender. The study finds that education holds significant association with Cambodian university student's views of the US's relations towards Cambodia (2 (2, = 381) = 23.282, = 0.000) while gender is irrelevant 2 (2, = 381) = 0.039, = 0.
Research Interests: International Relations, Political Science, Politics and International relations, and Major:- International Relations, Geopolitical and Geostrategic Studies of South Asia & Central Asia Minor I:- Political Systems: Theoretical Analysis & Comparative Systems Minor II:- Pakistan Affairs: Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy
Education is crucial for the development of any country. Analysis of education datasets requires effective algorithms to extract hidden information and gain the fruitful results to improve academic performance. Multiple models were used... more
Education is crucial for the development of any country. Analysis of education datasets requires effective algorithms to extract hidden information and gain the fruitful results to improve academic performance. Multiple models were used to maximize the contribution to the education environment. In this study, we used the spot-checking algorithm to compare these methods and find the most effective method. We propose three main classes of education research tools: a statistical analysis method, machine learning algorithms, and a deep learning framework. The data were obtained from many high schools in Cambodia. We introduced feature selection techniques to figure out the informative features that affect the future performance of students in mathematics. The proposed ensemble methods of tree-based classifiers provide satisfiying results, and in that, random forest algorithm generates the highest accuracy and the lowest predictive mean squared error, thus showing potential in this prediction and classification problem. The results from this work can be used as recipe and recommendation for mining various material settings in improving high school student performance in Cambodia.