Археологія і давня історія України, вип. 4 (49), 2023
The paper is a brief review of two complex scientific expeditions researching industrial enterpri... more The paper is a brief review of two complex scientific expeditions researching industrial enterprises of the Right Bank Polissia and the analysis of their archival materials. O. Ogloblyn was the initiator of both expeditions. He organized the first expedition in 1932 during his work at the Ukrainian Taras Shevchenko Historical Museum. Four raids to 17 districts of the North Kyiv and Zhytomyr Regions were carried out. 119 former and active industrial facilities in 112 points were inspected. Production of the 17th—19th centuries such as metallurgy (64 ore factories), glassmaking (36 factories), porcelain and earthenware enterprises (6 factories) and others were studied. O. Ogloblin organized the second expedition in 1936, when he was employed at the Institute of the History of Material Culture. Scientists explored two hill-forts of Old Rus Age, the settlements of Trypillia culture, and also conducted the excavations of four mines and four blast furnaces of the modern time, and ascertained the location of another 18 mines. As a result of both expeditions, numerous important materials were collected. But they are scattered in various archives and unknown to the general public. Currently, it is known about the documents of Polissian expeditions kept in three archives of Kyiv. There is a short scientific report of the 1932 expedition and part of the materials of the 1936 expedition in the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archeology. In the archive of the Institute of the History of Ukraine the full report of the 1932 expedition survived. In the Central State Archive of the Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, 18 files of various materials of the 1932 expedition and one case related to the expedition of 1936 are kept. The most important of these materials are the field notes, diaries and topoplans of the surveyed sites. The location of the photos, maps, final drawings and figures, material belongings of the 1932 expedition is still unknown. Most of the materials of the 1936 expedition, which relate to the iron industry, were transferred in 1958 from the Institute of Archeology to the Institute of Thermal Power Engineering. Their location is currently unknown.
Київські збірники історії, археології, мистецтва та побуту. Вип. 1 (4), 2023
The article analyzes the materials of the Polissian expedition organized by O. Ohloblin in 1932 t... more The article analyzes the materials of the Polissian expedition organized by O. Ohloblin in 1932 to study the industry of the Right Bank Polissia. In the report of the expedition there is brief information about the pottery of the village, recorded by the potter Dmytro Panamar. Schematic sketches of the potter's wheel, kiln and pot with the names of the structural parts and the main dimensions have also been preserved. From the above materials, we learn that the potters used refractory kaolin clay from the clay pits near the village. At the beginning of the 20th century glazed ware of various shapes were made. In 1932, only pots of two types of firing were produced – reducing and oxidizing. At the time of the survey, there were three masters working, and earlier there were up to 30 potters. The potter's wheel is of the usual Wallachian type, but has some design features that distinguish it from similar tools from other territories. Analysis of the pottery kiln construction shows that it belongs to the 3rd class based on O. Bobrynskii’s classification: with combined horizontal and vertical movement of hot gases. The author supposes this construction appeared in the Kyivan Polissia due to the Eastern Podillian potters’ influence.
Проблеми ідентичності культурної спадщини України в умовах російсько-української війни та у повоєнний період: матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції, Україна, Київ, 25 травня 2023 року, 2023
The article is devoted to the results of historical, archival and archaeological research of the ... more The article is devoted to the results of historical, archival and archaeological research of the Ivankiv region in 2010-2021. This is the territory in the north of Kyiv Polissia, which was under russian occupation from February 24 to April 1, 2022. As a result of the occupation and hostilities, this area is now dangerous for archaeological exploration due to the possible presence of explosive devices there. Therefore, now we only have to study archival materials on the history of the region and help prepare new exhibits for the local museum, which was burned by a russian projectile on February 25. It was an old building of the former Liubomyrsky estate of the beginning of the 19th century, of which the brick cellars now remain. They need to be taken under protection and restored during the future reconstruction of the museum.
In the article the authors deal with the verification, attribution and introduction into scientif... more In the article the authors deal with the verification, attribution and introduction into scientific circulation of a number of Hebrew inscriptions on Early Modern ceramic vessels. This issue has not been raised in the Ukrainian archaeological publications yet. Such isolated inscriptions were previously wrongly interpreted as potters’ marks. More than a dozen of vessels with inscriptions in Hebrew are known today. In particular, they were found during the excavations of three cities — Bila Tserkva, Kyiv, Ostroh. These are fragments of three plates, two small and one large mugs, which come from the cellar of the first half of the 17th century in Ostroh, two plates and a mug from the building of the late 17th — early 18th centuries in Bila Tserkva, as well as a pot from the building of the 17th century in Kyiv. Two groups of inscriptions can be distinguished. The first one is Passover inscriptions on vessels that were obviously intended for the Passover Seder (a symbolic set of products for a holiday supper) or for daily usage during the holiday. Using an additional set of vessels to the holiday is explained by kashrut norms and specific prohibitions of kvass use. The mug with an inscription “kimkha de Piskha” (“flour for Pesach”) belongs to the second group. It was associated exclusively with religious needs and was intended for the collection of donations (tzadaka) on Passover. Tzadaka as a religious obligation to perform charity laid at the basis of the Jewish community existence. It led to the proliferation of different types of money boxes for collecting donations. In general, the topic requires detailed investigations with the involvement of additional archaeological materials, interpretation and introduction of hitherto unpublished materials into scientific circulation.
Рецензія на видання «Братія цеху гончарського: дибинецьке гончарство середини ХVIII –початку ХХІ ... more Рецензія на видання «Братія цеху гончарського: дибинецьке гончарство середини ХVIII –початку ХХІ століття» (автор-упорядник – Оксана Коваленко), присвячене публікації двох цеховихкниг дибинецького братства – унікальних джерел з історії гончарського цеху від середини XVIIIдо початку ХІХ ст., із додатковими матеріалами про село Дибинці, що в Богуславщині, – відомийосередок колись процвітаючого гончарного промислу. Детально проаналізовано історіографіюпитання. Історію існування цехових книг доповнено новими відомостями. Огляд книги здійснено зарозділами. Зауважено про надзвичайну значущість цієї знахідки та її публікації. Наголошено, щовидання є безумовно дуже важливим та потрібним як науковцям багатьох історичних дисциплін(керамологам, історикам, етнографам, мистецтвознавцям та ін.), які досліджують гончарство,цеховиий устрій, історико-демографічну ситуацію, генеалогію тощо, так і краєзнавцям,мешканцям Дибинців
Археологія і давня історія України, вип. 3 (44), 2022
The paper is devoted to the characteristics of materials obtained during the research of the rema... more The paper is devoted to the characteristics of materials obtained during the research of the remains of the 19th century pottery kiln discovered in Medzhybizh village, Khmelnytskyi region. Medzhybizh pottery has been known since the 17th century, and the documents of the pottery workshop date back to the 18th—19th centuries. Also at the beginning of the 20th century A. Prusevich carried out an ethnographic survey of the pottery of this center. The researcher noted Medzhybizh as one of the significant centers for the production of the glaze pottery. In 2018, a pottery kiln was discovered in the central part of the town during protective archaeological excavation. Probably it can belong to the class of heating-technical structure with vertical or mixed (horizontal-vertical) flow of hot gasses. The kiln was filled with a large number of fragments of defective ceramics and semi-finished products.According to technological characteristics almost all pottery are made of red or brown ferruginized clays. The molding mass is quite thin, without visible impurities. Dark brown, red, white, and green paints were used for the decoration of products as well as transparent, colorless, green, and brown glazes. Many fragments are burnt and deformed. According to their functional purpose the vast majority of finds are pots, pans, bowls and plates. Semifinished products of painted bowls and plates make up the bulk of products. These are vessels after the first firing, without glaze, covered with white or red engobe. A significant part of them is painted in the techniques of rizhkuvannja and fliandrivka. A group of vessels made in the sgraffito technique, unusual for Podillia, also stands out. They are decorated with plant motifs, two fragments have images of birds. A similar completed bowl made in the sgraffito technique, was discovered in 2017 on the territory of the castle. On the outside surface it contains the inscriptions in Hebrew. This may indicate other bearers of pottery traditions who arrived in Medzhybizh at the beginning of the 19th century and worked on their technologies for quite a long time. This research allows us to draw conclusions about the high level of pottery in Medzhybizh in the 19th century, the mass production of fliandrivka technique red clay bowls as well as the existence at that time of the tradition of making pottery in the sgraffito technique which was obviously brought to the region from the south or southwest. In the main features of the forms and ornamentation of ceramic dishes the similarity with the pottery of the Middle Dnieper region can be traced though there are also significant distinctive features that characterize the pottery of Podillia at this time.
У статті опубліковано результати PIXE та XRF аналізів складу 38 керамічних зразків, що походять з... more У статті опубліковано результати PIXE та XRF аналізів складу 38 керамічних зразків, що походять з п'яти ранньомодерних гончарних осередків Києва. З'ясовано відмінності хімічного складу в зразках кераміки та барвників, що використовувалися при декоруванні посуду. Елементні співвідношення глин виявляють особливості, характерні для глин Українського Щита. серед домішок можлива наявність кістяної муки. Для барвників використовувалися оксиди заліза та міді.
Chrzan, K., Rzeźnik, P., Siemianowska, S. (red.). Ceramika i szkło w badaniach interdyscyplinarnych. Wrocław: IAE PAN, 2020
Five fragments of Turkish quartz-frit pottery found in the territory of the Old Armory Museum (St... more Five fragments of Turkish quartz-frit pottery found in the territory of the Old Armory Museum (Staryi Arsenal) in Kyiv were analysed by PIXE technique. Basing on ceramic and numismatic material, fragments should be dated to the end of the 16th – 17th century. The glazes of studied ceramics, with a certain tolerance, can be attributed to the group of low-sodium glazes. The main compounds responsible for the blue shade are copper and cobalt oxides. For red areas enhanced concentrations of potassium and manganese oxides are typical. Copper and chromium oxides are mainly responsible for the green colour.
Chrzan, K., Rzeźnik, P., Siemianowska, S. (red.). Ceramika i szkło w badaniach interdyscyplinarnych. Wrocław: IAE PAN, 2020
Ceramics of the Middle Dnieper Region of the 16th–18th centuries were decorated differently. Ther... more Ceramics of the Middle Dnieper Region of the 16th–18th centuries were decorated differently. There were relief ornaments, painting and glaze. But they were utilitarian vessels mainly – for cooking, storing smth. etc. The art pottery includes glazed and decorated with underglazed and overglazed ornaments ceramics. There are plates, bowls, cups, mugs, pitchers used as an interior decoration. The classification method is based on the decor technique. There are two major groups – relief and painted ornaments. They are combined with glaze (underglazed or overglazed ornaments). Glaze can be transparent and enamel, it may be colored or colorless. There are two main types of artistic ceramics of 16th–18th centuries: ceramics with relief ornaments under colored transparent glaze and ceramics decorated with painting divided in turn into two groups – with underglazed or overglazed paintings-enamels (majolica). Mostly the art ware is of local production, few of products were imported. It can be assumed the relief and painted ways of ornamentation were of different origins and stages of development. The relief ornamentation tradition is obviously local. From the second half of the 18th c it has gradually declined. Painting underglazed decoration appeared at the turn of 16th-17th centuries under the European fashion influence. It obviously derived from the Byzantine tradition (outline painting) and Italian marbled ceramics. Plenty of analogies You can find among Polish ware of the late 16th–17th centuries. This decoration type prevails today. Majolica ware is singular and not characteristic for the local production.
Київські збірники історії, археології, мистецтва та побуту, 2, 2021
Метою роботи є репрезентація колекції керамічного посуду, віднайденого в урочищі Аскольдова могил... more Метою роботи є репрезентація колекції керамічного посуду, віднайденого в урочищі Аскольдова могила в 1997 р. археологічними розвідками І. Мовчана і С. Климовського. Колекція з тих пір не була опублікована і знаходилася у нерозібраному стані у Музеї історії м. Києва. Виявлені зразки посуду свідчать про кілька гончарних майстерень, що працювали тут одночасно. Порівняння дослідженого гончарного горна з відомими теплотехнічними спорудами цього часу дало можливість реконструювати його форму та розміри і віднести його до класу горнів з вертикальним рухом гарячих газів. Всього в двох розкопах було знайдено бл. 2-х тис. одиниць кераміки, з якої взято до колекції 268 зразків. З них 128 — керамічний посуд (29 виробів повного профілю). Виділено щонайменше 7 функціональних різновидів керамічного посуду. За характеристиками форми та орнаментації посуд має аналоги із керамікою з археологічних об’єктів на території Михайлівського Золотоверхого монастиря, Києвоподолу і Софії Київської. За цими матеріалами, а також за знайденою тут «денгою» 174[9] р., гончарний комплекс можна датувати серединою — третьою чвертю XVIII ст. Виявлений горн пов’язаний з колишньою київською слободою Микільський полик. Рум’янцівський опис 1766 р. описує цей київський район як гончарний осередок. Наведені статистичні дані із цього історичного документу свідчать про розвинене виробництво, яким професійно займалося 10 сімей: деякі з них мали найманих робітників, яким платили платню та утримували. Висновком роботи є ствердження про безперервність виробництва керамічної продукції в урочищі Аскольдова могила протягом принаймні кінця XVII — початку XIX ст. і перспективність подальших досліджень гончарного виробництва на цій території.
Статтю присвячено новому вивченню матеріалів зі склоробної майстерні, дослідженої В. А. Богусевич... more Статтю присвячено новому вивченню матеріалів зі склоробної майстерні, дослідженої В. А. Богусевичем на території Митрополичого саду Києво-Печерської лаври 1951 року. На підставі аналізу колекції розкопок і польової документації уточнене датування комплексу, який має бути віднесений до ХІІ ст., а також уточнено характер виявлених об’єктів. Визначено локалізацію ще одного склоробного комплексу на північ від Троїцької надбрамної церкви та датовано його існування ХІІ–ХІІІ ст. Виділено матеріали, що вказують на безперервність життя на території монастиря в післямонгольський, пізньосередньовічний та ранньомодерний час.
The article is devoted to the re–attribution of archaeological features from the excavations of S... more The article is devoted to the re–attribution of archaeological features from the excavations of S. R. Kilievich in 1972 in vicinity of Old Rus`ian St. Vasiliy Church. It presents the entire number of excavated materials. Based on the analysis of the collection of finds and field documentation, four objects from the excavation area 1 were removed from the list of Old Rus`ian objects and dated to the late 14th – first half of the 15th century. The Old Rus`ian period in the studied areas is represented by a pit house from excavation area 2 dated to the first half of the 11th century, and also by a pagan chamber grave with a horse of the to the second half of the 10th century. New data corrects the picture of the historical topography of Old Kyiv.
У статті подано коротку характеристику давньоруських пам'яток, розташованих на берегах нижньої те... more У статті подано коротку характеристику давньоруських пам'яток, розташованих на берегах нижньої течії р. Тетерев. За останнє десятиліття автори й інші дослідники обстежили 15 поселень, з 22 відомих на цій території. Більше половини поселень (12) розташовані на підвищеннях у заплавах Тетерева і Здвижа, що засвідчує перспективність пошуку середньовічних пам'яток на інших ділянках долин цих річок.
Ключові слова: поселення, середньовіччя, заплава, розвідка, нижній Тетерев.
НОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПАМ’ЯТОК КОЗАЦЬКОЇ ДОБИ В УКРАЇНІ, 2017
У липні – листопаді 2016 р. Архітектурно-археологічна експедиція Інституту археології
НАН України... more У липні – листопаді 2016 р. Архітектурно-археологічна експедиція Інституту археології НАН України під керівництвом Г.Ю. Івакіна здійснила науково-рятівні дослідження за адре- сою: вул. Кирилівська, 37 у Подільському районі м. Києва. З цих розкопок походить багата колекція предметів побуту та кераміки ранньомодерного часу (глиняні іграшки «свистунці» та люльки, польські та західноєвропейські монети тощо).
Розглянуто способи орнаментації, що використовувалися для декорування глиняних виробів ХVІ-ХVІІІ ... more Розглянуто способи орнаментації, що використовувалися для декорування глиняних виробів ХVІ-ХVІІІ століть, виявлених на території Середньої Наддніпрянщини; проаналізовано їх особливості й хронологію. Прослідковано можливі шляхи появи й розвитку різних технік орнаментації. Запропоновано типологічну схему різновидів декору, а також відтворено деякі з мотивів орнаментації, що трапляються на мальованих мисках означеного періоду. / The methods of ornamentation used to decorate the clay products of the 16th – 18th centuries, discovered in the Middle Dnipro region, are considered, their features and chronology are analysed. The possible ways of appearance and development of different ornamentation techniques have been investigated. A typological scheme of varieties of decor is offered and some of the motifs of ornamentation found on the painted bowls of a certain period are reproduced. It is emphasized that the decoration of clayware is an important historical source that allows to track changes, indicate the directions of influence and borrowing. At the same time, it has some semantic load, reflecting the outlook of the population at that time. It is possible to offer such a way of development of different techniques of ornamentation of clayware of the 16th – 18th centuries. In the 16th century, the only kind of ornamentation was relief. Its elements are simplified - drawn lines, corrugations, protections. At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, relief ornaments became more complicated - the use of a wheeled stamp, «combs», «raspberries» began. At the same time, there appeared a painted decor - coloring and underglazed contour painting, which continued to exist throughout the period, going back to the present day. Two-tone painting of the glazed ware and cropping also appeared. In the 18th century, ornament made with single stamps dominated on the plates with coloured glazed. In the second half of the 18th century, a wheeled stamp was widely used on smoked pottery, the common ornament of which were mesh rhombuses between vertical lines. In the first half of the 17th century, underglazed painting was only a contour. Marbling appeared from the second half of the 17th century, and in the middle of the 18th century there was other classic techniques.
Статтю присвячено публікації результатів дослідження об’єкта другої половини XIII — початку XIV с... more Статтю присвячено публікації результатів дослідження об’єкта другої половини XIII — початку XIV ст. на багатошаровій пам’ятці Іванків 3, розташованій в Іванківському р-ні Київської обл. The paper deals with publication of the results of investigations of the object of the second half of 13th — early 14th centuries on the multilayer site Ivankiv 3 situated in Ivankiv district of the Kyivan region. Northern districts of Kyivan Polissia are archaeologically little known ones. Since 2013 the archaeological investigations have been carried out there by the authors. During last 5 years 25 monuments were inspected. The settlement Ivankiv 3 is distinguished among them. It is multilayer monument in the flood-lands of the Teteriv river left bank, among Zaprudka village and Ivankiv town. It is situated on the dune hill. The authors found flinty tools of the Mesolithic—Neolithic, ceramics of the Bronze and the Early Iron Ages, the 11th—12th and 16th—17th centuries on the settlement area. However the rectangular shaped object of the second half of 13th — early 14th century excavated in the years 2014—2015 is the most interesting. It was 3.1 × 1.8 meters long and 0.95 meter deep. Perhaps it was household building crushed by a fire. It was filled with black soil mixed with carbons, fired clay and animal bones. There were a number of materials in the object. Ceramics is presented by pots mainly. The shapes of their rims are of the post-Mongolian period. Some of them are with spots of glaze that demonstrate a glaze production at that time. There are also fragments of bowls, covers and brown glazed jugs. Among other materials there were a small spin-wheel of pyrophyllite and fragments of that mineral, iron hook, two bits of glass bracelets and two grindstones. The animal bones from the object belonged to 5 pigs, 2 goats / sheeps, a cow, 2 beavers and a fish. The slags of iron production were found on the area as well. The investigation of the site is very important to study the regional history in the post-Mongolian period.
The archaeological objects of the mid. 13th – early 19th centuries excavated during 1997–1999 at ... more The archaeological objects of the mid. 13th – early 19th centuries excavated during 1997–1999 at the territory of St Michael Golden-Domed Cathedral by the Architectural-archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of NASU headed by G. Yu. Ivakin are analyzed in the paper.
Сообщение посвящено результатам разведочных исследований гут (мест производства стекляных изделий... more Сообщение посвящено результатам разведочных исследований гут (мест производства стекляных изделий) ХVІІІ - нач. ХІХ вв., осуществленных авторами на севере Киевской обл. Обнаружены места, где располагались печи для плавки стекла, на поверхности и в шурфах найдены сопутствующие материалы - обломки тиглей, стекляные массы и нити, шлаки, фр-ты стекляных и керамических изделий.
Під час розвідки лівого берега р. Тетерів в її нижній частині було оглянуто 7 пам`яток, 5 з яких ... more Під час розвідки лівого берега р. Тетерів в її нижній частині було оглянуто 7 пам`яток, 5 з яких виявлено вперше. На трьох поселеннях знайдено кераміку давньоруського часу, на двох - ХVII ст.
Археологія і давня історія України, вип. 4 (29), 2018
Chmil L., Shepel L. New facts about unknown faience factories inside the Right Bank Polissian are... more Chmil L., Shepel L. New facts about unknown faience factories inside the Right Bank Polissian area: the fragments of O. Ohloblin’s work «The industry of the Right Bank Polissian area in the past and modernity (the science report of the expedition of 1932)» The paper deals with brief information about expedition of 1932 that investigated Kyiv and Zhytomyr Polissian industry of the past and modern times. The expedition led by O. Ohloblin comprised the Taras Shevchenko All-Ukrainian Historical museum representatives. There is a short characteristic of the expedition report in the paper. The document is kept in the archives of the Institute of History of Ukraine and the Institute of Archaeology of Ukraine, as well as in the Central State Archive of the Higher Governing Bodies of Ukraine. Fragments of the report concerning two unknown faience factories of the early 19th century in the villages Zaruddia and Piniazevychi in the Irsha river downstream area are presented. One of them belonged to Branitskys.
Археологія і давня історія України, вип. 4 (49), 2023
The paper is a brief review of two complex scientific expeditions researching industrial enterpri... more The paper is a brief review of two complex scientific expeditions researching industrial enterprises of the Right Bank Polissia and the analysis of their archival materials. O. Ogloblyn was the initiator of both expeditions. He organized the first expedition in 1932 during his work at the Ukrainian Taras Shevchenko Historical Museum. Four raids to 17 districts of the North Kyiv and Zhytomyr Regions were carried out. 119 former and active industrial facilities in 112 points were inspected. Production of the 17th—19th centuries such as metallurgy (64 ore factories), glassmaking (36 factories), porcelain and earthenware enterprises (6 factories) and others were studied. O. Ogloblin organized the second expedition in 1936, when he was employed at the Institute of the History of Material Culture. Scientists explored two hill-forts of Old Rus Age, the settlements of Trypillia culture, and also conducted the excavations of four mines and four blast furnaces of the modern time, and ascertained the location of another 18 mines. As a result of both expeditions, numerous important materials were collected. But they are scattered in various archives and unknown to the general public. Currently, it is known about the documents of Polissian expeditions kept in three archives of Kyiv. There is a short scientific report of the 1932 expedition and part of the materials of the 1936 expedition in the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archeology. In the archive of the Institute of the History of Ukraine the full report of the 1932 expedition survived. In the Central State Archive of the Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, 18 files of various materials of the 1932 expedition and one case related to the expedition of 1936 are kept. The most important of these materials are the field notes, diaries and topoplans of the surveyed sites. The location of the photos, maps, final drawings and figures, material belongings of the 1932 expedition is still unknown. Most of the materials of the 1936 expedition, which relate to the iron industry, were transferred in 1958 from the Institute of Archeology to the Institute of Thermal Power Engineering. Their location is currently unknown.
Київські збірники історії, археології, мистецтва та побуту. Вип. 1 (4), 2023
The article analyzes the materials of the Polissian expedition organized by O. Ohloblin in 1932 t... more The article analyzes the materials of the Polissian expedition organized by O. Ohloblin in 1932 to study the industry of the Right Bank Polissia. In the report of the expedition there is brief information about the pottery of the village, recorded by the potter Dmytro Panamar. Schematic sketches of the potter's wheel, kiln and pot with the names of the structural parts and the main dimensions have also been preserved. From the above materials, we learn that the potters used refractory kaolin clay from the clay pits near the village. At the beginning of the 20th century glazed ware of various shapes were made. In 1932, only pots of two types of firing were produced – reducing and oxidizing. At the time of the survey, there were three masters working, and earlier there were up to 30 potters. The potter's wheel is of the usual Wallachian type, but has some design features that distinguish it from similar tools from other territories. Analysis of the pottery kiln construction shows that it belongs to the 3rd class based on O. Bobrynskii’s classification: with combined horizontal and vertical movement of hot gases. The author supposes this construction appeared in the Kyivan Polissia due to the Eastern Podillian potters’ influence.
Проблеми ідентичності культурної спадщини України в умовах російсько-української війни та у повоєнний період: матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції, Україна, Київ, 25 травня 2023 року, 2023
The article is devoted to the results of historical, archival and archaeological research of the ... more The article is devoted to the results of historical, archival and archaeological research of the Ivankiv region in 2010-2021. This is the territory in the north of Kyiv Polissia, which was under russian occupation from February 24 to April 1, 2022. As a result of the occupation and hostilities, this area is now dangerous for archaeological exploration due to the possible presence of explosive devices there. Therefore, now we only have to study archival materials on the history of the region and help prepare new exhibits for the local museum, which was burned by a russian projectile on February 25. It was an old building of the former Liubomyrsky estate of the beginning of the 19th century, of which the brick cellars now remain. They need to be taken under protection and restored during the future reconstruction of the museum.
In the article the authors deal with the verification, attribution and introduction into scientif... more In the article the authors deal with the verification, attribution and introduction into scientific circulation of a number of Hebrew inscriptions on Early Modern ceramic vessels. This issue has not been raised in the Ukrainian archaeological publications yet. Such isolated inscriptions were previously wrongly interpreted as potters’ marks. More than a dozen of vessels with inscriptions in Hebrew are known today. In particular, they were found during the excavations of three cities — Bila Tserkva, Kyiv, Ostroh. These are fragments of three plates, two small and one large mugs, which come from the cellar of the first half of the 17th century in Ostroh, two plates and a mug from the building of the late 17th — early 18th centuries in Bila Tserkva, as well as a pot from the building of the 17th century in Kyiv. Two groups of inscriptions can be distinguished. The first one is Passover inscriptions on vessels that were obviously intended for the Passover Seder (a symbolic set of products for a holiday supper) or for daily usage during the holiday. Using an additional set of vessels to the holiday is explained by kashrut norms and specific prohibitions of kvass use. The mug with an inscription “kimkha de Piskha” (“flour for Pesach”) belongs to the second group. It was associated exclusively with religious needs and was intended for the collection of donations (tzadaka) on Passover. Tzadaka as a religious obligation to perform charity laid at the basis of the Jewish community existence. It led to the proliferation of different types of money boxes for collecting donations. In general, the topic requires detailed investigations with the involvement of additional archaeological materials, interpretation and introduction of hitherto unpublished materials into scientific circulation.
Рецензія на видання «Братія цеху гончарського: дибинецьке гончарство середини ХVIII –початку ХХІ ... more Рецензія на видання «Братія цеху гончарського: дибинецьке гончарство середини ХVIII –початку ХХІ століття» (автор-упорядник – Оксана Коваленко), присвячене публікації двох цеховихкниг дибинецького братства – унікальних джерел з історії гончарського цеху від середини XVIIIдо початку ХІХ ст., із додатковими матеріалами про село Дибинці, що в Богуславщині, – відомийосередок колись процвітаючого гончарного промислу. Детально проаналізовано історіографіюпитання. Історію існування цехових книг доповнено новими відомостями. Огляд книги здійснено зарозділами. Зауважено про надзвичайну значущість цієї знахідки та її публікації. Наголошено, щовидання є безумовно дуже важливим та потрібним як науковцям багатьох історичних дисциплін(керамологам, історикам, етнографам, мистецтвознавцям та ін.), які досліджують гончарство,цеховиий устрій, історико-демографічну ситуацію, генеалогію тощо, так і краєзнавцям,мешканцям Дибинців
Археологія і давня історія України, вип. 3 (44), 2022
The paper is devoted to the characteristics of materials obtained during the research of the rema... more The paper is devoted to the characteristics of materials obtained during the research of the remains of the 19th century pottery kiln discovered in Medzhybizh village, Khmelnytskyi region. Medzhybizh pottery has been known since the 17th century, and the documents of the pottery workshop date back to the 18th—19th centuries. Also at the beginning of the 20th century A. Prusevich carried out an ethnographic survey of the pottery of this center. The researcher noted Medzhybizh as one of the significant centers for the production of the glaze pottery. In 2018, a pottery kiln was discovered in the central part of the town during protective archaeological excavation. Probably it can belong to the class of heating-technical structure with vertical or mixed (horizontal-vertical) flow of hot gasses. The kiln was filled with a large number of fragments of defective ceramics and semi-finished products.According to technological characteristics almost all pottery are made of red or brown ferruginized clays. The molding mass is quite thin, without visible impurities. Dark brown, red, white, and green paints were used for the decoration of products as well as transparent, colorless, green, and brown glazes. Many fragments are burnt and deformed. According to their functional purpose the vast majority of finds are pots, pans, bowls and plates. Semifinished products of painted bowls and plates make up the bulk of products. These are vessels after the first firing, without glaze, covered with white or red engobe. A significant part of them is painted in the techniques of rizhkuvannja and fliandrivka. A group of vessels made in the sgraffito technique, unusual for Podillia, also stands out. They are decorated with plant motifs, two fragments have images of birds. A similar completed bowl made in the sgraffito technique, was discovered in 2017 on the territory of the castle. On the outside surface it contains the inscriptions in Hebrew. This may indicate other bearers of pottery traditions who arrived in Medzhybizh at the beginning of the 19th century and worked on their technologies for quite a long time. This research allows us to draw conclusions about the high level of pottery in Medzhybizh in the 19th century, the mass production of fliandrivka technique red clay bowls as well as the existence at that time of the tradition of making pottery in the sgraffito technique which was obviously brought to the region from the south or southwest. In the main features of the forms and ornamentation of ceramic dishes the similarity with the pottery of the Middle Dnieper region can be traced though there are also significant distinctive features that characterize the pottery of Podillia at this time.
У статті опубліковано результати PIXE та XRF аналізів складу 38 керамічних зразків, що походять з... more У статті опубліковано результати PIXE та XRF аналізів складу 38 керамічних зразків, що походять з п'яти ранньомодерних гончарних осередків Києва. З'ясовано відмінності хімічного складу в зразках кераміки та барвників, що використовувалися при декоруванні посуду. Елементні співвідношення глин виявляють особливості, характерні для глин Українського Щита. серед домішок можлива наявність кістяної муки. Для барвників використовувалися оксиди заліза та міді.
Chrzan, K., Rzeźnik, P., Siemianowska, S. (red.). Ceramika i szkło w badaniach interdyscyplinarnych. Wrocław: IAE PAN, 2020
Five fragments of Turkish quartz-frit pottery found in the territory of the Old Armory Museum (St... more Five fragments of Turkish quartz-frit pottery found in the territory of the Old Armory Museum (Staryi Arsenal) in Kyiv were analysed by PIXE technique. Basing on ceramic and numismatic material, fragments should be dated to the end of the 16th – 17th century. The glazes of studied ceramics, with a certain tolerance, can be attributed to the group of low-sodium glazes. The main compounds responsible for the blue shade are copper and cobalt oxides. For red areas enhanced concentrations of potassium and manganese oxides are typical. Copper and chromium oxides are mainly responsible for the green colour.
Chrzan, K., Rzeźnik, P., Siemianowska, S. (red.). Ceramika i szkło w badaniach interdyscyplinarnych. Wrocław: IAE PAN, 2020
Ceramics of the Middle Dnieper Region of the 16th–18th centuries were decorated differently. Ther... more Ceramics of the Middle Dnieper Region of the 16th–18th centuries were decorated differently. There were relief ornaments, painting and glaze. But they were utilitarian vessels mainly – for cooking, storing smth. etc. The art pottery includes glazed and decorated with underglazed and overglazed ornaments ceramics. There are plates, bowls, cups, mugs, pitchers used as an interior decoration. The classification method is based on the decor technique. There are two major groups – relief and painted ornaments. They are combined with glaze (underglazed or overglazed ornaments). Glaze can be transparent and enamel, it may be colored or colorless. There are two main types of artistic ceramics of 16th–18th centuries: ceramics with relief ornaments under colored transparent glaze and ceramics decorated with painting divided in turn into two groups – with underglazed or overglazed paintings-enamels (majolica). Mostly the art ware is of local production, few of products were imported. It can be assumed the relief and painted ways of ornamentation were of different origins and stages of development. The relief ornamentation tradition is obviously local. From the second half of the 18th c it has gradually declined. Painting underglazed decoration appeared at the turn of 16th-17th centuries under the European fashion influence. It obviously derived from the Byzantine tradition (outline painting) and Italian marbled ceramics. Plenty of analogies You can find among Polish ware of the late 16th–17th centuries. This decoration type prevails today. Majolica ware is singular and not characteristic for the local production.
Київські збірники історії, археології, мистецтва та побуту, 2, 2021
Метою роботи є репрезентація колекції керамічного посуду, віднайденого в урочищі Аскольдова могил... more Метою роботи є репрезентація колекції керамічного посуду, віднайденого в урочищі Аскольдова могила в 1997 р. археологічними розвідками І. Мовчана і С. Климовського. Колекція з тих пір не була опублікована і знаходилася у нерозібраному стані у Музеї історії м. Києва. Виявлені зразки посуду свідчать про кілька гончарних майстерень, що працювали тут одночасно. Порівняння дослідженого гончарного горна з відомими теплотехнічними спорудами цього часу дало можливість реконструювати його форму та розміри і віднести його до класу горнів з вертикальним рухом гарячих газів. Всього в двох розкопах було знайдено бл. 2-х тис. одиниць кераміки, з якої взято до колекції 268 зразків. З них 128 — керамічний посуд (29 виробів повного профілю). Виділено щонайменше 7 функціональних різновидів керамічного посуду. За характеристиками форми та орнаментації посуд має аналоги із керамікою з археологічних об’єктів на території Михайлівського Золотоверхого монастиря, Києвоподолу і Софії Київської. За цими матеріалами, а також за знайденою тут «денгою» 174[9] р., гончарний комплекс можна датувати серединою — третьою чвертю XVIII ст. Виявлений горн пов’язаний з колишньою київською слободою Микільський полик. Рум’янцівський опис 1766 р. описує цей київський район як гончарний осередок. Наведені статистичні дані із цього історичного документу свідчать про розвинене виробництво, яким професійно займалося 10 сімей: деякі з них мали найманих робітників, яким платили платню та утримували. Висновком роботи є ствердження про безперервність виробництва керамічної продукції в урочищі Аскольдова могила протягом принаймні кінця XVII — початку XIX ст. і перспективність подальших досліджень гончарного виробництва на цій території.
Статтю присвячено новому вивченню матеріалів зі склоробної майстерні, дослідженої В. А. Богусевич... more Статтю присвячено новому вивченню матеріалів зі склоробної майстерні, дослідженої В. А. Богусевичем на території Митрополичого саду Києво-Печерської лаври 1951 року. На підставі аналізу колекції розкопок і польової документації уточнене датування комплексу, який має бути віднесений до ХІІ ст., а також уточнено характер виявлених об’єктів. Визначено локалізацію ще одного склоробного комплексу на північ від Троїцької надбрамної церкви та датовано його існування ХІІ–ХІІІ ст. Виділено матеріали, що вказують на безперервність життя на території монастиря в післямонгольський, пізньосередньовічний та ранньомодерний час.
The article is devoted to the re–attribution of archaeological features from the excavations of S... more The article is devoted to the re–attribution of archaeological features from the excavations of S. R. Kilievich in 1972 in vicinity of Old Rus`ian St. Vasiliy Church. It presents the entire number of excavated materials. Based on the analysis of the collection of finds and field documentation, four objects from the excavation area 1 were removed from the list of Old Rus`ian objects and dated to the late 14th – first half of the 15th century. The Old Rus`ian period in the studied areas is represented by a pit house from excavation area 2 dated to the first half of the 11th century, and also by a pagan chamber grave with a horse of the to the second half of the 10th century. New data corrects the picture of the historical topography of Old Kyiv.
У статті подано коротку характеристику давньоруських пам'яток, розташованих на берегах нижньої те... more У статті подано коротку характеристику давньоруських пам'яток, розташованих на берегах нижньої течії р. Тетерев. За останнє десятиліття автори й інші дослідники обстежили 15 поселень, з 22 відомих на цій території. Більше половини поселень (12) розташовані на підвищеннях у заплавах Тетерева і Здвижа, що засвідчує перспективність пошуку середньовічних пам'яток на інших ділянках долин цих річок.
Ключові слова: поселення, середньовіччя, заплава, розвідка, нижній Тетерев.
НОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПАМ’ЯТОК КОЗАЦЬКОЇ ДОБИ В УКРАЇНІ, 2017
У липні – листопаді 2016 р. Архітектурно-археологічна експедиція Інституту археології
НАН України... more У липні – листопаді 2016 р. Архітектурно-археологічна експедиція Інституту археології НАН України під керівництвом Г.Ю. Івакіна здійснила науково-рятівні дослідження за адре- сою: вул. Кирилівська, 37 у Подільському районі м. Києва. З цих розкопок походить багата колекція предметів побуту та кераміки ранньомодерного часу (глиняні іграшки «свистунці» та люльки, польські та західноєвропейські монети тощо).
Розглянуто способи орнаментації, що використовувалися для декорування глиняних виробів ХVІ-ХVІІІ ... more Розглянуто способи орнаментації, що використовувалися для декорування глиняних виробів ХVІ-ХVІІІ століть, виявлених на території Середньої Наддніпрянщини; проаналізовано їх особливості й хронологію. Прослідковано можливі шляхи появи й розвитку різних технік орнаментації. Запропоновано типологічну схему різновидів декору, а також відтворено деякі з мотивів орнаментації, що трапляються на мальованих мисках означеного періоду. / The methods of ornamentation used to decorate the clay products of the 16th – 18th centuries, discovered in the Middle Dnipro region, are considered, their features and chronology are analysed. The possible ways of appearance and development of different ornamentation techniques have been investigated. A typological scheme of varieties of decor is offered and some of the motifs of ornamentation found on the painted bowls of a certain period are reproduced. It is emphasized that the decoration of clayware is an important historical source that allows to track changes, indicate the directions of influence and borrowing. At the same time, it has some semantic load, reflecting the outlook of the population at that time. It is possible to offer such a way of development of different techniques of ornamentation of clayware of the 16th – 18th centuries. In the 16th century, the only kind of ornamentation was relief. Its elements are simplified - drawn lines, corrugations, protections. At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, relief ornaments became more complicated - the use of a wheeled stamp, «combs», «raspberries» began. At the same time, there appeared a painted decor - coloring and underglazed contour painting, which continued to exist throughout the period, going back to the present day. Two-tone painting of the glazed ware and cropping also appeared. In the 18th century, ornament made with single stamps dominated on the plates with coloured glazed. In the second half of the 18th century, a wheeled stamp was widely used on smoked pottery, the common ornament of which were mesh rhombuses between vertical lines. In the first half of the 17th century, underglazed painting was only a contour. Marbling appeared from the second half of the 17th century, and in the middle of the 18th century there was other classic techniques.
Статтю присвячено публікації результатів дослідження об’єкта другої половини XIII — початку XIV с... more Статтю присвячено публікації результатів дослідження об’єкта другої половини XIII — початку XIV ст. на багатошаровій пам’ятці Іванків 3, розташованій в Іванківському р-ні Київської обл. The paper deals with publication of the results of investigations of the object of the second half of 13th — early 14th centuries on the multilayer site Ivankiv 3 situated in Ivankiv district of the Kyivan region. Northern districts of Kyivan Polissia are archaeologically little known ones. Since 2013 the archaeological investigations have been carried out there by the authors. During last 5 years 25 monuments were inspected. The settlement Ivankiv 3 is distinguished among them. It is multilayer monument in the flood-lands of the Teteriv river left bank, among Zaprudka village and Ivankiv town. It is situated on the dune hill. The authors found flinty tools of the Mesolithic—Neolithic, ceramics of the Bronze and the Early Iron Ages, the 11th—12th and 16th—17th centuries on the settlement area. However the rectangular shaped object of the second half of 13th — early 14th century excavated in the years 2014—2015 is the most interesting. It was 3.1 × 1.8 meters long and 0.95 meter deep. Perhaps it was household building crushed by a fire. It was filled with black soil mixed with carbons, fired clay and animal bones. There were a number of materials in the object. Ceramics is presented by pots mainly. The shapes of their rims are of the post-Mongolian period. Some of them are with spots of glaze that demonstrate a glaze production at that time. There are also fragments of bowls, covers and brown glazed jugs. Among other materials there were a small spin-wheel of pyrophyllite and fragments of that mineral, iron hook, two bits of glass bracelets and two grindstones. The animal bones from the object belonged to 5 pigs, 2 goats / sheeps, a cow, 2 beavers and a fish. The slags of iron production were found on the area as well. The investigation of the site is very important to study the regional history in the post-Mongolian period.
The archaeological objects of the mid. 13th – early 19th centuries excavated during 1997–1999 at ... more The archaeological objects of the mid. 13th – early 19th centuries excavated during 1997–1999 at the territory of St Michael Golden-Domed Cathedral by the Architectural-archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of NASU headed by G. Yu. Ivakin are analyzed in the paper.
Сообщение посвящено результатам разведочных исследований гут (мест производства стекляных изделий... more Сообщение посвящено результатам разведочных исследований гут (мест производства стекляных изделий) ХVІІІ - нач. ХІХ вв., осуществленных авторами на севере Киевской обл. Обнаружены места, где располагались печи для плавки стекла, на поверхности и в шурфах найдены сопутствующие материалы - обломки тиглей, стекляные массы и нити, шлаки, фр-ты стекляных и керамических изделий.
Під час розвідки лівого берега р. Тетерів в її нижній частині було оглянуто 7 пам`яток, 5 з яких ... more Під час розвідки лівого берега р. Тетерів в її нижній частині було оглянуто 7 пам`яток, 5 з яких виявлено вперше. На трьох поселеннях знайдено кераміку давньоруського часу, на двох - ХVII ст.
Археологія і давня історія України, вип. 4 (29), 2018
Chmil L., Shepel L. New facts about unknown faience factories inside the Right Bank Polissian are... more Chmil L., Shepel L. New facts about unknown faience factories inside the Right Bank Polissian area: the fragments of O. Ohloblin’s work «The industry of the Right Bank Polissian area in the past and modernity (the science report of the expedition of 1932)» The paper deals with brief information about expedition of 1932 that investigated Kyiv and Zhytomyr Polissian industry of the past and modern times. The expedition led by O. Ohloblin comprised the Taras Shevchenko All-Ukrainian Historical museum representatives. There is a short characteristic of the expedition report in the paper. The document is kept in the archives of the Institute of History of Ukraine and the Institute of Archaeology of Ukraine, as well as in the Central State Archive of the Higher Governing Bodies of Ukraine. Fragments of the report concerning two unknown faience factories of the early 19th century in the villages Zaruddia and Piniazevychi in the Irsha river downstream area are presented. One of them belonged to Branitskys.
According to written and archeological sources, there were 12 pottery making sites at the nowaday... more According to written and archeological sources, there were 12 pottery making sites at the nowadays territory of Kyiv. During last 50 years seven pottery production sites have been archaeologically discovered (kilns, clay pits, outbuildings, warehouses, semi-finished product stocks, etc.). The most of them were found at Kyiv Podil: over 20 kilns were located at the ravine of Honchari-Kozhumiaky, one at 6 Kostiantynivska Street, and another one site, at 37 Kyrylivska Street, has been identified by a cluster of semi-finished products. Two kilns were discovered at Vydubychi, one at Mykilskyi Polyk area near Askoldova Mohyla (Askold’s Grave), and one in the Lavrskyi Lane near the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (Kyiv Cave Monastery). Two kilns were situated at Mykilska Slobidka on the opposite left bench of the Dnieper River. In general we have information at least about 27 pottery kilns and a stock of semi-finished products. All of them can be dated to the different times from the turn of the 16th - 17th centuries to the middle of the 19th century. Historical sources mentioned the craftsmen from the ravine of Honchari-Kozhumiaky, who were related to a Potters' Guild. They were subordinated primary to a castle, and later, from the late 17th century, to a town magistrate. Other pottery production sites mainly belonged to Kyivan monasteries till the end of 18th century – Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra Monastery, Vydubychi Monastery, Kyrylivskyi Monastery and Pustynno-Mikilskyi Monastery. Pottery production sites were rather big, with a high quality production using various decoration and glazing techniques, and wide selection of products; some of them used underglaze painting. Numbered pot sherds, both ready-to-use and semi-finished products, were discovered in the filling of kilns and related structures. Used for ceramic paste clay was exceptionally good, mainly light – from white to yellowish or pinkish colors, but sometimes the examples of darker colors can be met, like a reddish or brownish. Red color was used for decoration of unglazed white ware; white, green and red colors were applied for underglaze painting ceramics. Some series of the PIXE and XRD analysis has been performed to compare a chemical composition of ceramic row materials from the five pottery sites (Honchari-Kozhumiaky, Mykilskyi Polyk, Vydubychi, 6 Kostiantynivska Street, 37 Kyrylivska Street). The paints of the ware decoration have also been analyzed through studying the semi-finished products, which were rejected after the first firing before the covering with a transparent ceramic glaze and secondary firing in a kiln. The sherds are covered with white engobe and later painted with engobes and mineral dyes, so absence of glazed layer allows chemical identification of the dyes.
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Papers by Lesia (Леся) Chmil (Чміль)
work at the Ukrainian Taras Shevchenko Historical Museum. Four raids to 17 districts of the North Kyiv and Zhytomyr Regions were carried out. 119 former and active industrial facilities in 112 points were inspected. Production of the 17th—19th centuries such as metallurgy (64 ore factories), glassmaking (36 factories), porcelain and earthenware enterprises (6 factories) and others were studied. O. Ogloblin organized the second expedition in 1936, when he was employed at the Institute of the History of Material Culture. Scientists explored two hill-forts of
Old Rus Age, the settlements of Trypillia culture, and also conducted the excavations of four mines and four blast furnaces of the modern time, and ascertained the location of another 18 mines. As a result of both expeditions, numerous important materials were collected. But they are scattered in various archives and unknown to the general public. Currently, it is known about the documents of Polissian expeditions kept in three archives of Kyiv. There is a short scientific report of the 1932 expedition and part of the materials of the 1936 expedition in the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archeology. In the archive of
the Institute of the History of Ukraine the full report of the 1932 expedition survived. In the Central State Archive of the Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, 18 files of various materials of the 1932 expedition and one case related to the expedition of 1936 are kept. The most important of these materials are the field notes, diaries and topoplans of the surveyed sites. The location of the photos, maps, final drawings and figures, material belongings of the 1932 expedition is still unknown. Most of the materials of the 1936 expedition, which relate to the iron industry, were transferred in 1958 from the Institute of Archeology to the Institute of Thermal Power Engineering. Their location is currently unknown.
on O. Bobrynskii’s classification: with combined horizontal and vertical movement of hot gases. The author supposes this construction appeared in the Kyivan Polissia due to the Eastern Podillian potters’ influence.
Two groups of inscriptions can be distinguished. The first one is Passover inscriptions on vessels that were obviously intended for the Passover Seder (a symbolic set of products for a holiday supper) or for daily usage during the holiday. Using an additional set of vessels to the holiday is explained by kashrut norms and specific prohibitions of kvass use. The mug with an inscription “kimkha de Piskha” (“flour for Pesach”) belongs to the second group. It was associated exclusively with religious needs and was intended for the collection of donations (tzadaka) on Passover. Tzadaka as a religious obligation to perform charity laid at the basis of the Jewish community existence. It led to the proliferation of different types of money boxes for collecting donations.
In general, the topic requires detailed investigations with the involvement of additional archaeological materials, interpretation and introduction of hitherto unpublished materials into scientific circulation.
excavation. Probably it can belong to the class of heating-technical structure with vertical or mixed (horizontal-vertical) flow of hot gasses. The kiln was filled with a large number of fragments of defective ceramics and semi-finished products.According to technological characteristics almost all pottery are made of red or brown ferruginized clays. The molding mass is quite thin, without visible impurities. Dark brown, red, white, and green paints were used for the decoration of products as well as transparent, colorless, green, and brown glazes. Many fragments are burnt and deformed. According to their functional purpose the vast majority of finds are pots, pans, bowls and plates. Semifinished products of painted bowls and plates make up the bulk of products. These are vessels after the first firing, without glaze, covered with white or red engobe. A significant part of them is painted in the techniques of
rizhkuvannja and fliandrivka. A group of vessels made in the sgraffito technique, unusual for Podillia, also stands out. They are decorated with plant motifs, two fragments have images of birds. A similar completed
bowl made in the sgraffito technique, was discovered in 2017 on the territory of the castle. On the outside surface it contains the inscriptions in Hebrew. This may indicate other bearers of pottery traditions who arrived
in Medzhybizh at the beginning of the 19th century and worked on their technologies for quite a long time. This research allows us to draw conclusions about the high level of pottery in Medzhybizh in the 19th century, the mass production of fliandrivka technique red clay bowls as well as the existence at that time of the tradition of making pottery in the sgraffito technique which was obviously brought to the region from the
south or southwest. In the main features of the forms and ornamentation of ceramic dishes the similarity with the pottery of the Middle Dnieper region can be traced though there are also significant distinctive features that characterize the pottery of Podillia at this time.
oxides are mainly responsible for the green colour.
art pottery includes glazed and decorated with underglazed and overglazed ornaments ceramics. There are plates, bowls, cups, mugs, pitchers used as an interior decoration.
The classification method is based on the decor technique. There are two major groups – relief and painted ornaments. They are combined with glaze (underglazed or overglazed ornaments). Glaze can be transparent and enamel, it may be colored or colorless. There are two main types of artistic ceramics of 16th–18th centuries: ceramics with relief ornaments under colored transparent glaze and ceramics decorated with painting divided in turn into two groups – with underglazed or overglazed paintings-enamels (majolica).
Mostly the art ware is of local production, few of products were imported. It can be assumed the relief and painted ways of ornamentation were of different origins and stages of development. The relief ornamentation
tradition is obviously local. From the second half of the 18th c it has gradually declined. Painting underglazed decoration appeared at the turn of 16th-17th centuries under the European fashion influence. It obviously derived from the Byzantine tradition (outline painting) and Italian marbled ceramics. Plenty of analogies You can find among Polish ware of the late 16th–17th centuries. This decoration type prevails today. Majolica ware is singular and not characteristic for the local production.
Ключові слова: поселення, середньовіччя, заплава, розвідка, нижній Тетерев.
НАН України під керівництвом Г.Ю. Івакіна здійснила науково-рятівні дослідження за адре-
сою: вул. Кирилівська, 37 у Подільському районі м. Києва. З цих розкопок походить багата колекція предметів побуту та кераміки ранньомодерного часу (глиняні іграшки «свистунці» та люльки, польські та західноєвропейські монети тощо).
in the Middle Dnipro region, are considered, their features and chronology are analysed. The possible ways
of appearance and development of different ornamentation techniques have been investigated. A typological
scheme of varieties of decor is offered and some of the motifs of ornamentation found on the painted bowls
of a certain period are reproduced. It is emphasized that the decoration of clayware is an important historical
source that allows to track changes, indicate the directions of influence and borrowing. At the same time,
it has some semantic load, reflecting the outlook of the population at that time.
It is possible to offer such a way of development of different techniques of ornamentation of clayware
of the 16th – 18th centuries. In the 16th century, the only kind of ornamentation was relief. Its elements are
simplified - drawn lines, corrugations, protections. At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, relief ornaments
became more complicated - the use of a wheeled stamp, «combs», «raspberries» began. At the same time, there
appeared a painted decor - coloring and underglazed contour painting, which continued to exist throughout
the period, going back to the present day.
Two-tone painting of the glazed ware and cropping also appeared. In the 18th century, ornament made
with single stamps dominated on the plates with coloured glazed. In the second half of the 18th century,
a wheeled stamp was widely used on smoked pottery, the common ornament of which were mesh rhombuses
between vertical lines. In the first half of the 17th century, underglazed painting was only a contour. Marbling
appeared from the second half of the 17th century, and in the middle of the 18th century there was other
classic techniques.
The paper deals with publication of the results of investigations of the object of the second half of 13th — early 14th centuries on the multilayer site Ivankiv 3 situated
in Ivankiv district of the Kyivan region. Northern districts of Kyivan Polissia are archaeologically little known ones. Since 2013 the archaeological investigations
have been carried out there by the authors. During last 5 years 25 monuments were inspected. The settlement Ivankiv 3 is distinguished among them. It is multilayer
monument in the flood-lands of the Teteriv river left bank, among Zaprudka village and Ivankiv town. It is situated on the dune hill. The authors found flinty tools of the Mesolithic—Neolithic, ceramics of the Bronze and the Early Iron Ages, the 11th—12th and 16th—17th centuries on the settlement area. However the rectangular shaped object of the second half of 13th — early 14th century excavated in the years 2014—2015 is the most interesting. It was 3.1 × 1.8 meters long and 0.95 meter deep. Perhaps it was household building crushed by a fire. It was filled with black soil mixed with carbons, fired clay and animal bones. There were a number of materials in the object. Ceramics is presented by pots mainly. The shapes of their rims are of the post-Mongolian period. Some of them are with spots of glaze that demonstrate a glaze production at that time. There are also fragments of bowls, covers and brown glazed jugs. Among other materials there were a small spin-wheel of pyrophyllite and fragments of that mineral, iron hook, two bits of glass bracelets and two grindstones. The animal bones from the object belonged to 5 pigs, 2 goats / sheeps, a cow, 2 beavers and a fish. The slags of iron production were found on the area as well.
The investigation of the site is very important to study the regional history in the post-Mongolian period.
Golden-Domed Cathedral by the Architectural-archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of NASU headed
by G. Yu. Ivakin are analyzed in the paper.
The paper deals with brief information about expedition of 1932 that investigated Kyiv and Zhytomyr Polissian industry of the past and modern times. The expedition led by O. Ohloblin comprised the Taras
Shevchenko All-Ukrainian Historical museum representatives. There is a short characteristic of the expedition report in the paper. The document is kept in the archives of the Institute of History of Ukraine and the Institute of Archaeology of Ukraine, as well as in the Central State Archive of the Higher Governing Bodies of Ukraine. Fragments of the report concerning two unknown faience factories of the early 19th century in the villages Zaruddia and Piniazevychi in the Irsha river
downstream area are presented. One of them belonged to Branitskys.
work at the Ukrainian Taras Shevchenko Historical Museum. Four raids to 17 districts of the North Kyiv and Zhytomyr Regions were carried out. 119 former and active industrial facilities in 112 points were inspected. Production of the 17th—19th centuries such as metallurgy (64 ore factories), glassmaking (36 factories), porcelain and earthenware enterprises (6 factories) and others were studied. O. Ogloblin organized the second expedition in 1936, when he was employed at the Institute of the History of Material Culture. Scientists explored two hill-forts of
Old Rus Age, the settlements of Trypillia culture, and also conducted the excavations of four mines and four blast furnaces of the modern time, and ascertained the location of another 18 mines. As a result of both expeditions, numerous important materials were collected. But they are scattered in various archives and unknown to the general public. Currently, it is known about the documents of Polissian expeditions kept in three archives of Kyiv. There is a short scientific report of the 1932 expedition and part of the materials of the 1936 expedition in the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archeology. In the archive of
the Institute of the History of Ukraine the full report of the 1932 expedition survived. In the Central State Archive of the Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, 18 files of various materials of the 1932 expedition and one case related to the expedition of 1936 are kept. The most important of these materials are the field notes, diaries and topoplans of the surveyed sites. The location of the photos, maps, final drawings and figures, material belongings of the 1932 expedition is still unknown. Most of the materials of the 1936 expedition, which relate to the iron industry, were transferred in 1958 from the Institute of Archeology to the Institute of Thermal Power Engineering. Their location is currently unknown.
on O. Bobrynskii’s classification: with combined horizontal and vertical movement of hot gases. The author supposes this construction appeared in the Kyivan Polissia due to the Eastern Podillian potters’ influence.
Two groups of inscriptions can be distinguished. The first one is Passover inscriptions on vessels that were obviously intended for the Passover Seder (a symbolic set of products for a holiday supper) or for daily usage during the holiday. Using an additional set of vessels to the holiday is explained by kashrut norms and specific prohibitions of kvass use. The mug with an inscription “kimkha de Piskha” (“flour for Pesach”) belongs to the second group. It was associated exclusively with religious needs and was intended for the collection of donations (tzadaka) on Passover. Tzadaka as a religious obligation to perform charity laid at the basis of the Jewish community existence. It led to the proliferation of different types of money boxes for collecting donations.
In general, the topic requires detailed investigations with the involvement of additional archaeological materials, interpretation and introduction of hitherto unpublished materials into scientific circulation.
excavation. Probably it can belong to the class of heating-technical structure with vertical or mixed (horizontal-vertical) flow of hot gasses. The kiln was filled with a large number of fragments of defective ceramics and semi-finished products.According to technological characteristics almost all pottery are made of red or brown ferruginized clays. The molding mass is quite thin, without visible impurities. Dark brown, red, white, and green paints were used for the decoration of products as well as transparent, colorless, green, and brown glazes. Many fragments are burnt and deformed. According to their functional purpose the vast majority of finds are pots, pans, bowls and plates. Semifinished products of painted bowls and plates make up the bulk of products. These are vessels after the first firing, without glaze, covered with white or red engobe. A significant part of them is painted in the techniques of
rizhkuvannja and fliandrivka. A group of vessels made in the sgraffito technique, unusual for Podillia, also stands out. They are decorated with plant motifs, two fragments have images of birds. A similar completed
bowl made in the sgraffito technique, was discovered in 2017 on the territory of the castle. On the outside surface it contains the inscriptions in Hebrew. This may indicate other bearers of pottery traditions who arrived
in Medzhybizh at the beginning of the 19th century and worked on their technologies for quite a long time. This research allows us to draw conclusions about the high level of pottery in Medzhybizh in the 19th century, the mass production of fliandrivka technique red clay bowls as well as the existence at that time of the tradition of making pottery in the sgraffito technique which was obviously brought to the region from the
south or southwest. In the main features of the forms and ornamentation of ceramic dishes the similarity with the pottery of the Middle Dnieper region can be traced though there are also significant distinctive features that characterize the pottery of Podillia at this time.
oxides are mainly responsible for the green colour.
art pottery includes glazed and decorated with underglazed and overglazed ornaments ceramics. There are plates, bowls, cups, mugs, pitchers used as an interior decoration.
The classification method is based on the decor technique. There are two major groups – relief and painted ornaments. They are combined with glaze (underglazed or overglazed ornaments). Glaze can be transparent and enamel, it may be colored or colorless. There are two main types of artistic ceramics of 16th–18th centuries: ceramics with relief ornaments under colored transparent glaze and ceramics decorated with painting divided in turn into two groups – with underglazed or overglazed paintings-enamels (majolica).
Mostly the art ware is of local production, few of products were imported. It can be assumed the relief and painted ways of ornamentation were of different origins and stages of development. The relief ornamentation
tradition is obviously local. From the second half of the 18th c it has gradually declined. Painting underglazed decoration appeared at the turn of 16th-17th centuries under the European fashion influence. It obviously derived from the Byzantine tradition (outline painting) and Italian marbled ceramics. Plenty of analogies You can find among Polish ware of the late 16th–17th centuries. This decoration type prevails today. Majolica ware is singular and not characteristic for the local production.
Ключові слова: поселення, середньовіччя, заплава, розвідка, нижній Тетерев.
НАН України під керівництвом Г.Ю. Івакіна здійснила науково-рятівні дослідження за адре-
сою: вул. Кирилівська, 37 у Подільському районі м. Києва. З цих розкопок походить багата колекція предметів побуту та кераміки ранньомодерного часу (глиняні іграшки «свистунці» та люльки, польські та західноєвропейські монети тощо).
in the Middle Dnipro region, are considered, their features and chronology are analysed. The possible ways
of appearance and development of different ornamentation techniques have been investigated. A typological
scheme of varieties of decor is offered and some of the motifs of ornamentation found on the painted bowls
of a certain period are reproduced. It is emphasized that the decoration of clayware is an important historical
source that allows to track changes, indicate the directions of influence and borrowing. At the same time,
it has some semantic load, reflecting the outlook of the population at that time.
It is possible to offer such a way of development of different techniques of ornamentation of clayware
of the 16th – 18th centuries. In the 16th century, the only kind of ornamentation was relief. Its elements are
simplified - drawn lines, corrugations, protections. At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, relief ornaments
became more complicated - the use of a wheeled stamp, «combs», «raspberries» began. At the same time, there
appeared a painted decor - coloring and underglazed contour painting, which continued to exist throughout
the period, going back to the present day.
Two-tone painting of the glazed ware and cropping also appeared. In the 18th century, ornament made
with single stamps dominated on the plates with coloured glazed. In the second half of the 18th century,
a wheeled stamp was widely used on smoked pottery, the common ornament of which were mesh rhombuses
between vertical lines. In the first half of the 17th century, underglazed painting was only a contour. Marbling
appeared from the second half of the 17th century, and in the middle of the 18th century there was other
classic techniques.
The paper deals with publication of the results of investigations of the object of the second half of 13th — early 14th centuries on the multilayer site Ivankiv 3 situated
in Ivankiv district of the Kyivan region. Northern districts of Kyivan Polissia are archaeologically little known ones. Since 2013 the archaeological investigations
have been carried out there by the authors. During last 5 years 25 monuments were inspected. The settlement Ivankiv 3 is distinguished among them. It is multilayer
monument in the flood-lands of the Teteriv river left bank, among Zaprudka village and Ivankiv town. It is situated on the dune hill. The authors found flinty tools of the Mesolithic—Neolithic, ceramics of the Bronze and the Early Iron Ages, the 11th—12th and 16th—17th centuries on the settlement area. However the rectangular shaped object of the second half of 13th — early 14th century excavated in the years 2014—2015 is the most interesting. It was 3.1 × 1.8 meters long and 0.95 meter deep. Perhaps it was household building crushed by a fire. It was filled with black soil mixed with carbons, fired clay and animal bones. There were a number of materials in the object. Ceramics is presented by pots mainly. The shapes of their rims are of the post-Mongolian period. Some of them are with spots of glaze that demonstrate a glaze production at that time. There are also fragments of bowls, covers and brown glazed jugs. Among other materials there were a small spin-wheel of pyrophyllite and fragments of that mineral, iron hook, two bits of glass bracelets and two grindstones. The animal bones from the object belonged to 5 pigs, 2 goats / sheeps, a cow, 2 beavers and a fish. The slags of iron production were found on the area as well.
The investigation of the site is very important to study the regional history in the post-Mongolian period.
Golden-Domed Cathedral by the Architectural-archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of NASU headed
by G. Yu. Ivakin are analyzed in the paper.
The paper deals with brief information about expedition of 1932 that investigated Kyiv and Zhytomyr Polissian industry of the past and modern times. The expedition led by O. Ohloblin comprised the Taras
Shevchenko All-Ukrainian Historical museum representatives. There is a short characteristic of the expedition report in the paper. The document is kept in the archives of the Institute of History of Ukraine and the Institute of Archaeology of Ukraine, as well as in the Central State Archive of the Higher Governing Bodies of Ukraine. Fragments of the report concerning two unknown faience factories of the early 19th century in the villages Zaruddia and Piniazevychi in the Irsha river
downstream area are presented. One of them belonged to Branitskys.
In general we have information at least about 27 pottery kilns and a stock of semi-finished products. All of them can be dated to the different times from the turn of the 16th - 17th centuries to the middle of the 19th century.
Historical sources mentioned the craftsmen from the ravine of Honchari-Kozhumiaky, who were related to a Potters' Guild. They were subordinated primary to a castle, and later, from the late 17th century, to a town magistrate. Other pottery production sites mainly belonged to Kyivan monasteries till the end of 18th century – Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra Monastery, Vydubychi Monastery, Kyrylivskyi Monastery and Pustynno-Mikilskyi Monastery.
Pottery production sites were rather big, with a high quality production using various decoration and glazing techniques, and wide selection of products; some of them used underglaze painting. Numbered pot sherds, both ready-to-use and semi-finished products, were discovered in the filling of kilns and related structures. Used for ceramic paste clay was exceptionally good, mainly light – from white to yellowish or pinkish colors, but sometimes the examples of darker colors can be met, like a reddish or brownish. Red color was used for decoration of unglazed white ware; white, green and red colors were applied for underglaze painting ceramics.
Some series of the PIXE and XRD analysis has been performed to compare a chemical composition of ceramic row materials from the five pottery sites (Honchari-Kozhumiaky, Mykilskyi Polyk, Vydubychi, 6 Kostiantynivska Street, 37 Kyrylivska Street). The paints of the ware decoration have also been analyzed through studying the semi-finished products, which were rejected after the first firing before the covering with a transparent ceramic glaze and secondary firing in a kiln. The sherds are covered with white engobe and later painted with engobes and mineral dyes, so absence of glazed layer allows chemical identification of the dyes.