Audie Murphy

Audie Murphy
Date personale
Nume la naștere	Audie Leon Murphy
Născut	20 iunie 1925 Kingston⁠(d), Comitatul Hunt, Texas, SUA
Decedat	28 mai 1971 (45 de ani) Roanoke⁠(d), Virginia, SUA
Înmormântat	Cimitirul național Arlington[*]​
Cauza decesului	moarte accidentală[*]​ (accident aviatic[*]​)
Părinți	Emmett Berry Murphy[*][[Emmett Berry Murphy ((1887-1976))|​]]
Căsătorit cu	Wanda Hendrix[*][[Wanda Hendrix (American actress (1928-1981))|​]] (8 februarie 1949–14 aprilie 1950)
Cetățenie	Statele Unite ale Americii
Ocupație	actor textier[*]​ compozitor scenarist autor de non-ficțiune[*]​ militar actor de film textier actor de televiziune[*]​ producător de film scriitor ofițer producer[*][[producer (media and entertainment occupation)|​]]
Limbi vorbite	limba engleză
Alte premii
Cavaler al Ordinului Național al Legiunii de Onoare[*]​ croix de guerre 1939-1945[*][[croix de guerre 1939-1945 (French military decoration)|​]] Medal of Honor (2013) Bronze Star Medal[*][[Bronze Star Medal (United States Armed Forces decoration award)|​]] legionar al Legiunii de Merit a Statelor Unite ale Americii[*]​ Purple Heart Texas Legislative Medal of Honor[*][[Texas Legislative Medal of Honor (Military award)|​]] (2013) Silver Star Medalia Victoriei în al Doilea Război Mondial[*]​ Distinguished Service Cross Army Good Conduct Medal[*][[Army Good Conduct Medal (Good Conduct Medal awarded by the U.S. Army)|​]] Distinguished Unit Award[*][[Distinguished Unit Award |​]] Medalia Campaniei Americane[*]​ European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal[*][[European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal (military decoration of the United States)|​]] Combat Infantryman Badge[*][[Combat Infantryman Badge (United States Army decoration)|​]] Marksmanship Medal[*][[Marksmanship Medal |​]] fourragère[*][[fourragère (honorific braided cord worn on military uniforms)|​]] Oorlogskruis 1940-1945[*][[Oorlogskruis 1940-1945 |​]] médaille de la France libérée[*][[médaille de la France libérée (French award)|​]] Stea pe Hollywood Walk of Fame[*]​
Semnătură
Prezență online
site web oficial

Audie Leon Murphy (n. 20 iunie 1925, Kingston^⁠(d), Comitatul Hunt, Texas, SUA – d. 28 mai 1971, Roanoke^⁠(d), Virginia, SUA) a fost un soldat, actor, cântăreț și fermier american.

A fost unul dintre cei mai decorați soldați americani care au luptat în al Doilea Război Mondial. El a primit toate premiile militare de luptă pentru vitejie disponibile din partea armata SUA, precum și premii franceze și belgiene pentru eroism. Murphy a primit Medalia de Onoare pentru vitejie pe care a demonstrat-o la vârsta de 19 ani pentru că a ținut singur în loc o companie de soldați germani timp de o oră în Punga Colmar din Franța în ianuarie 1945, apoi a condus un contraatac de succes în timp ce era rănit și fără muniție.

După război, Murphy a început o carieră de actorie care a durat 21 de ani. În filmul din 1949, Bad Boy, a primit primul său rol principal.

Suferind de ceea ce astăzi ar fi descris drept tulburare de stres post traumatic (PTSD), Murphy a dormit cu o armă încărcată sub pernă. A căutat mângâiere în somnifere care au creat dependență. În ultimii săi ani, a fost afectat de probleme cu banii, dar a refuzat ofertele de a apărea în reclame la alcool și țigări pentru că nu a vrut să dea un exemplu prost. Murphy a murit într-un accident de avion în Virginia în 1971, cu puțin timp înainte de a împlini 46 de ani. A fost înmormântat cu onoruri militare la Cimitirul Național Arlington, unde mormântul său este unul dintre cele mai vizitate.

Filmografie

Filme

Titlu	An	Rol	Regizor	Producător	Studio	Distribuție	Ref.
Texas, Brooklyn & Heaven	1948	Copy Boy	Castle William Castle	Golden Robert Golden	United Artists	James Dunn, William Frawley, Margaret Hamilton, Roscoe Karns, Diana Lynn, Guy Madison, Irene Ryan, Lionel Stander
Beyond Glory	1948	Cadet Thomas	Farrow John Farrow	Fellows Robert Fellows	Paramount	Alan Ladd, Donna Reed
Bad Boy	1949	Danny Lester	Neumann Kurt Neumann	Short Paul Short	Monogram	James Gleason, Jimmy Lydon, Lloyd Nolan, Martha Vickers, Rhys Williams, Jane Wyatt
Kid from Texas, TheThe Kid from Texas	1950	William Bonney	Neumann Kurt Neumann	Short Paul Short	Universal	Albert Dekker, Will Geer, Gale Storm, William Talman, Ray Teal, Frank Wilcox
Sierra	1950	Ring Hassard	Green Alfred E. Green	Kraike Michael Kraike	Universal	James Arness, Tony Curtis, Wanda Hendrix, Burl Ives, Dean Jagger, Elliott Reid, Roy Roberts
Kansas Raiders	1950	Jesse James	Enright Ray Enright	Richmond Ted Richmond	Universal	Richard Arlen, James Best, Scott Brady, Tony Curtis, Brian Donlevy, Richard Long
Red Badge of Courage, TheThe Red Badge of Courage	1951	The Youth	Huston John Huston	Reinhardt Gottfried Reinhardt	MGM	Royal Dano, Andy Devine, Douglas Dick, John Dierkes, Arthur Hunnicutt, Bill Mauldin
Cimarron Kid, TheThe Cimarron Kid	1951	Bill Doolin a.k.a. The Cimarron Kid	Boetticher Budd Boetticher	Richmond Ted Richmond	Universal	Noah Beery Jr, James Best, Leif Erickson, Hugh O'Brian, Roy Roberts, Frank Silvera
Duel at Silver Creek, TheThe Duel at Silver Creek	1952	Luke Cromwell a.k.a. The Silver Kid	Siege Don Siegel	Goldstein Leonard Goldstein	Universal	Susan Cabot, Faith Domergue, Lee Marvin, Gerald Mohr
Gunsmoke	1953	Reb Kittredge	Juran Nathan Juran	Rosenberg Aaron Rosenberg	Universal	Susan Cabot, Jack Kelly, Jesse White
Column South	1953	Lt. Jed Sayre	De Cordova Frederick De Cordova	Richmond Ted Richmond	Universal	James Best, Ray Collins, Joan Evans, Russell Johnson, Jack Kelly, Bob Steele, Robert Sterling, Dennis Weaver
Tumbleweed	1953	Jim Harvey	Juran Nathan Juran	Hunter Ross Hunter	Universal	King Donovan, Russell Johnson, Lori Nelson, Roy Roberts, Lyle Talbot, Lee Van Cleef, Chill Wills
Ride Clear of Diablo	1954	Clay O'Mara	Hibbs Jesse Hibbs	Rogers John W. Rogers	Universal	Susan Cabot, Dan Duryea, Jack Elam, Abbe Lane, Russell Johnson, Denver Pyle
Drums Across the River	1954	Gary Brannon	Juran Nathan Juran	Tucker Melville Tucker	Universal	Morris Ankrum, Lane Bradford, Walter Brennan, Lisa Gaye, Howard McNear, Jay Silverheels, Bob Steele
Destry	1954	Tom Destry	Marshall George Marshall	Rubin Stanley Rubin	Universal	Edgar Buchanan, Mari Blanchard, Wallace Ford, Alan Hale, Jr., Thomas Mitchell, Lori Nelson, Mary Wickes
To Hell and Back	1955	Himself	Hibbs Jesse Hibbs	Rosenberg Aaron Rosenberg	Universal	Charles Drake, David Janssen, Jack Kelly, Susan Kohner, Denver Pyle, Marshall Thompson
World in My Corner	1956	Tommy Shea	Hibbs Jesse Hibbs	Rosenberg Aaron Rosenberg	Universal	John McIntire, Jeff Morrow, Barbara Rush
Walk the Proud Land	1956	John Philip Clum	Hibbs Jesse Hibbs	Rosenberg Aaron Rosenberg	Universal	Morris Ankrum, Anne Bancroft, Anthony Caruso, Pat Crowley, Charles Drake, Jay Silverheels
Joe Butterfly	1957	Pvt. Joe Woodley	Hibbs Jesse Hibbs	Rosenberg Aaron Rosenberg	Universal	John Agar, Fred Clark, Burgess Meredith, George Nader, Keenan Wynn
Guns of Fort Petticoat, TheThe Guns of Fort Petticoat	1957	Lt. Frank Hewitt	Marshall George Marshall	Brown Harry Joe Brown Murphy Audie Murphy	Columbia	Kathryn Grant, Sean McClory, Jeanette Nolan, Ray Teal
Night Passage	1957	Lee McLaine a.k.a. The Utica Kid	Neilson James Neilson	Rosenberg Aaron Rosenberg	Universal	Hugh Beaumont, Ellen Corby, Brandon deWilde, Dan Duryea, Jack Elam, Jay C. Flippen, James Stewart
Quiet American, TheThe Quiet American	1958	The American	Mankiewicz Joseph L. Mankiewicz	Mankiewicz Joseph L. Mankiewicz	United Artists	Bruce Cabot, Claude Dauphin, Richard Loo, Giorgia Moll, Michael Redgrave
Ride a Crooked Trail	1958	Joe Maybe	Hibbs Jesse Hibbs	Pine Howard Pine	Universal	Leo Gordon, Walter Matthau, Mort Mills, Joanna Cook Moore, Gia Scala, Henry Silva
Gun Runners, TheThe Gun Runners	1958	Sam Martin	Siegel Don Siegel	Stewart Herbert E. Stewart Greene Clarence Greene	Seven Arts	Eddie Albert, Jack Elam, Richard Jaeckel, Patricia Owens, Everett Sloane
No Name on the Bullet	1959	John Gant	Arnold Jack Arnold	Jack Arnold Christie Howard Christie	Universal	R.G. Armstrong, Charles Drake, Joan Evans, Virginia Grey, Warren Stevens, Karl Swenson
Wild and the Innocent, TheThe Wild and the Innocent	1959	Yancy Hawks	Sher,J Jack Sher	Gomberg Sy Gomberg	Universal	Jim Backus, Peter Breck, Sandra Dee, Joanne Dru, Strother Martin, Gilbert Roland
Cast a Long Shadow	1959	Matt Brown	Carr Thomas Carr	Mirisch  Walter Mirisch Murphy Audie Murphy	United Artists	James Best, John Dehner, Terry Moore, Denver Pyle
Unforgiven, TheThe Unforgiven	1960	Cash Zachary	Huston John Huston	Hill James Hill	United Artists	Charles Bickford, Lillian Gish, Audrey Hepburn, Burt Lancaster, Doug McClure, Albert Salmi, John Saxon, Joseph Wiseman
Hell Bent for Leather	1960	Clay Santell	Sherman George Sherman	Kay Gordon Kay	Universal	Malcolm Atterbury, Felicia Farr, Allan Lane, Robert Middleton, Herbert Rudley, Bob Steele
Seven Ways from Sundown	1960	Seven Ways from Sundown Jones	Keller Harry Keller	Kay Gordon Kay	Universal	Don Collier, Jack Kruschen, John McIntire, Venetia Stevenson, Barry Sullivan
Posse from Hell	1961	Banner Cole	Coleman Herbert Coleman	Kay Gordon Kay	Universal	Rodolfo Acosta, Royal Dano, Zohra Lampert, Allan Lane, Vic Morrow, John Saxon, Ray Teal, Lee Van Cleef
Battle at Bloody Beach	1961	Craig Benson	Coleman Herbert Coleman	Maibaum Richard Maibaum	20th Century Fox	Gary Crosby, Ivan Dixon, Dolores Michaels, Alejandro Rey
Six Black Horses	1962	Ben Lane	Keller Harry Keller	Kay Gordon Kay	Universal	Dan Duryea, Joan O'Brien, Bob Steele
War is Hell	1962	Narrator	Topper Burt Topper	Topper Burt Topper	Allied Artists	Baynes Barron
Showdown	1963	Chris Foster	Springsteen R.G. Springsteen	Kay Gordon Kay	Universal	Kathleen Crowley, Charles Drake, Skip Homeier, L. Q. Jones, Strother Martin, Harold J. Stone
Gunfight at Comanche Creek	1963	Bob Gifford a.k.a. Judd Tanner	McDonald Frank McDonald	Schwalb Ben Schwalb	Allied Artists	Ben Cooper, DeForest Kelley, Susan Seaforth
Quick Gun, TheThe Quick Gun	1964	Clint Cooper	Salkow Sidney Salkow	Whytock Grant Whytock	Columbia	Merry Anders, James Best, Ted de Corsia, Frank Ferguson, Mort Mills
Bullet for a Badman	1964	Logan Keliher	Springsteen R.G. Springsteen	Kay Gordon Kay	Universal	Alan Hale Jr., Skip Homeier, Ruta Lee, Darren McGavin, Beverley Owen, George Tobias
Apache Rifles	1964	Captain Jeff Stanton	Witney William Witney	Whytock Grant Whytock	20th Century Fox	John Archer, Michael Dante, L. Q. Jones, Linda Lawson, Ken Lynch
Arizona Raiders	1965	Clint Stewart	Witney William Witney	Whytock Grant Whytock	Columbia	Ben Cooper, Buster Crabbe, Michael Dante, Gloria Talbott
Gunpoint	1966	Chad Lucas	Bellamy Earl Bellamy	Kay Gordon Kay	Universal	Edgar Buchanan, Royal Dano, Denver Pyle, Joan Staley, Warren Stevens, Morgan Woodward
Texican, TheThe Texican	1966	Jess Carlin	Selander Lesley Selander	Champion John Champion Balaban Bruce Balaban	Columbia	Broderick Crawford
Trunk to Cairo	1966	Mike Merrick	Golan Menahem Golan	Golan Menahem Golan	American International	Marianne Koch, George Sanders
40 Guns to Apache Pass	1967	Captain Bruce Coburn	Witney William Witney	Whylock Grant Whytock	Columbia	Laraine Stephens
Time for Dying, AA Time for Dying	1969	Jesse James	Boetticher Budd Boetticher	Murphy Audie Murphy	FIPCO Productions	Burt Mustin, Victor Jory

Referințe

• American Film Institute (1997). The American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures Produced in the United States: Feature Films, 1961–1970. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20970-1. 
• Basinger, Jeanine; Arnold, Jeremy (2003). The World War II Combat Film: Anatomy of a Genre. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 978-0-8195-6623-2. 
• Boggs, Johnny D (2011). Jesse James and the Movies. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-4788-6. 
• Bristow, Allen P. (2007). Whispering Smith His Life and Misadventures. Santa Fe, NM: Sunstone Press. ISBN 978-0-86534-551-5. 
• Cozad, W. Lee (2006). More Magnificent Mountain Movies. Lake Arrowhead, CA: Sunstroke Media. ISBN 978-0-9723372-3-6. 
• DiLeo, John (2004). 100 Great Film Performances You Should Remember – But Probably Don't. New York, NY: Limelight Editions. ISBN 978-0-87910-972-1. 
• Dippie, Brian W (1999). Charlie Russell Roundup: Essays on America's Favorite Cowboy Artist. Helena, MT: Montana Historical Society Press. ISBN 978-0-917298-46-2. 
• Edwards, Paul M (1997). A Guide to Films on the Korean War. Westport, CT: Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-30316-6. 
• Fagen, Herb (2003). The Encyclopedia of Westerns. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4457-3. 
• Gossett, Sue (1996). The Films and Career of Audie Murphy. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing. ISBN 978-0-944019-22-1. 
• Graham, Don (1989). No Name on the Bullet. New York, NY: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-81511-1. 
• Herzberg, Bob (2005). Shooting Scripts. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-2173-2. 
• Hoffman, Henryk (2012). Western Movie References in American Literature. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-6638-2. 
• Huebner, Andrew J (2007). The Warrior Image: Soldiers in American Culture from the Second World War to the Vietnam Era. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-3144-1. 
• Lewis, C. Jack (2002). White Horse, Black Hat: A Quarter Century on Hollywood's Poverty Row. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4358-5. 
• Lucas, John Meredyth (2004). Eighty Odd Years in Hollywood: Memoir of a Career in Film and Television. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-1838-1. 
• Maltin, Leonard (2008). Leonard Maltin's 2009 Movie Guide. New York, NY: Plume. ISBN 978-0-452-28978-9. 
• Mirisch, Walter (2008). I Thought We Were Making Movies, Not History. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-22640-4. 
• Niemi, Robert (2006). History in the Media: Film And Television. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-952-2. 
• Nott, Robert (2005). Last of the Cowboy Heroes: The Westerns of Randolph Scott, Joel McCrea, and Audie Murphy. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-2261-6. 
• O'Connor, John E.; Rollins, Peter C (2008). Why We Fought: America's Wars in Film and History. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-2493-3. 
• Pitts, Michael R. (2012). Western Movies: A Guide to 5,105 Feature Films. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-6372-5. 
• Rausch, Andrew J.; Dequina, Michael (2008). Fifty Filmmakers: Conversations With Directors from Roger Avary to Steven Zaillian. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-3149-6. 
• Roberts, Jerry (2009). Encyclopedia of Television Film Directors. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6378-1. 
• Ross, Lillian (1997). Picture. New York, NY: Modern Library. ISBN 978-0-679-60254-5. 
• Simpson, Harold B. (1975). Audie Murphy, American Soldier. Hillsboro, TX: Hill Jr. College Press. ISBN 978-0-912172-20-0. 
• Smith, Ronald L (2010). Horror Stars on Radio: The Broadcast Histories of 29 Chilling Hollywood Voices. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-5729-8. 
• Spearman, Frank H. (1906). Whispering Smith. New York, NY: Scribner. OCLC 858276051. 
• Starr, Kevin (2003). Embattled Dreams: California in War and Peace, 1940–1950. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-516897-6. 
• Tate, J. R (2006). Walkin' with the Ghost Whisperers. Philadelphia, PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-4544-4. 
• Terrace, Vincent (1985). Encyclopedia of Television: Series, Pilots and Specials 1974–1984. New York, NY: Zoetrope. ISBN 978-0-918432-61-2. 
• Terrace, Vincent (2013). Television Specials: 5,336 Entertainment Programs, 1936–2012. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-7444-8. 
• Tracey, Grant (2001). Filmography of American History. Westport, CT: Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-31300-4. 
• Yoggy, Gary A. (1998). Back in the Saddle: Essays on Western Film and Television Actors. Jefferson, NC: Mcfarland & Co Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-0566-4. 
• Young, William H; Young, Nancy K (2010). World War II and the Postwar Years in America: A Historical and Cultural Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-35652-0. 

Lectură suplimentară

• Williamson, Thames (1933). The Woods Colt : a Novel of the Ozark Hills. Harcourt, Brace and Company. OCLC 1399074. 
• Hargrove, Marion; Williamson, Thames (1955). Final script : "The Woods Colt". Audie Murphy Productions. OCLC 40402371. 

Vezi și

• Listă de actori americani

Legături externe

• Audie Murphy la Internet Movie Database
• Audie L. Murphy Memorial Website
• U.S. National Archives and Records Administration