Weed management is one of the significant challenges of field crops since weeds pose a remarkable... more Weed management is one of the significant challenges of field crops since weeds pose a remarkable threat to crop productivity in South Asian countries, including Bangladesh. Allelopathy, a phenomenon whereby secondary metabolites produced and released by one plant species influence the growth and development of other species can be exploited in sustainable management. The focus of this study was to evaluate potential allelopathic plant species which can be further explored as alternatives to synthetic herbicides or incorporated as part of integrated weed management in sustainable agriculture. Two hundred fifty-two plant samples from 70 families were collected from Bangladesh and evaluated with the sandwich bioassay. Thirty-one percent of the samples showed significant allelopathic potential on lettuce radicle elongation. Among the species that showed substantial inhibition, more than 7% of the samples showed higher inhibition (HI) and 25% showed moderate inhibition (MI) on lettuce radicle. Fruit pulps of Couroupita guianensis (95.4%), fruits of Phyllanthus emblica (95.4%), and Acacia concinna (95.4%) showed the highest inhibition on lettuce radicle elongation. In contrast, the leaf of Bombax insigne had growth promoting activity by stimulating radicle (23%) and hypocotyl (80%) elongation of lettuce seedlings. This result suggested that the species with significant plant growth inhibitory potential may play a vital role as an alternative to the increasing use of synthetic herbicides for sustainable weed management in agricultural land.
The levels perception and behavior of farmers on pesticide uses and its relevant risks to the env... more The levels perception and behavior of farmers on pesticide uses and its relevant risks to the environment and human health were surveyed among the farmers of Bangladesh in two areas: Savar Upazila (SU) and Mehendiganj Upazila (MU). Significant differences were observed between the farmers' regarding information of pesticides (v2 = 19.679 at p < 0.05). 35% farmers of SU reported different mass communication devices as a primary source of information while 36% farmers from MU reported other farmers as their sources of information followed by pesticide dealers (28%). Proper storage and uses of personal protective equipment (PPE) were absent. However, significant differences were also observed to cover face with cloth (v2 = 22.019 at p < 0.05). Farmers of SU used partial cover 69% while in MU 48% farmers reported no covering. Only 14% and 5% of farmers reported the full use of PPE in both areas. 39% farmers and 42% farmers of the SU and MU, respectively, reported throwing empty pots into the nearby water body followed by taking home for reuse by 31% and 24%, respectively. 88% farmers of SU vs. 82% farmers of MU consumed betel leaf, tobacco or smoking during spraying. 87% in SU and 66% in MU believed that pesticide application decreased soil fertility (v2 = 12.265 at p < 0.05). About 83% farmers in SU and 24% farmers in MU reported that surface water pollution occurred due to pesticide v2 = 69.963 at p < 0.05); excessive uses of pesticides destroyed beneficial insects (v2 = 73.509 at p < 0.05). 67% farmers of SU and 26% farmers of MU responded that environmental quality was deteriorating. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed all the background variables (education, age, farming experience, and farm ownership) had a similar contribution towards understanding the danger of pesticides impact of health and environment irrespective of rural or urban location. A DPSIR framework (drivers, pressures, state, impact, response model) for the health and environmental hazard and a conceptual model of training tools for farmers are proposed. Ó 2018 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Pesticides, regardless of their known toxic impacts to human health and environment, are widely u... more Pesticides, regardless of their known toxic impacts to human health and environment, are widely used in the rapid growing agricultural sectors of developing countries. As an agricultural country with small lands and enormous population to feed, a developing country like Bangladesh rely heavily on the uses of pesticides to increase crop yields. Nevertheless, during the past decades, Peoples' Republic of Bangladesh has experienced 26.46% decrease in total pesticide consumption. However, the presence of unregistered pesticides in the environmental samples and agricultural products has pointed out the weakness in the existing legal regime of the pesticide governance. This, in turn, is threatening the livelihood and health of the farmers, food safety and consumer health. This paper reviews the antiquity of the status of pesticide consumption, evolution and drawbacks of pesticide in the context of existing socioeconomic position of Bangladesh. A consolidated uniform system is lacking to project pesticide management in the country. Existing legal policy, rules and regulations in the context of international agreements regarding pesticide management have been reviewed and suggested for further amendment. Moreover, role of green microfinance in sustainable management of pesticides and food safety were recommended. A framework is proposed for pesticide governance with a stronger pesticide surveillance program and coordination of ministries interlinking environmental, occupational health and food safety.
Betel vine Piper betle L. is largely grown as an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Foot and root... more Betel vine Piper betle L. is largely grown as an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Foot and root rot of betel vine is the most overwhelming disease which decreases the production of betel leaf to a great extent. Management of foot and root rot disease of betel vine caused by Sclerotium rolfsii was studied during June to December 2012in the Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in completely randomized design(CRD) with 3 replications. Among treatments 6 fungicides, 5 plant extracts, 2 bio-agents and control were evaluated for their efficacy against Sclerotium rolfsii. A remarkable inhibition of mycelium growth, number of sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii was achieved by treating with the chemical fungicide Bavistin. The fungicide Bavistin proved to be the best in controlling the radial mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the eco-friendly approach, garlic clove extract and Trichoderma harzianum showed better performance in vitro compared to untreated control.
Betel leaf or pan is an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Management foot and root rot of betel ... more Betel leaf or pan is an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Management foot and root rot of betel vine caused by Sclerotium rolfsii was studied during January to July, 2013 in the field of Malonchi upazila in Pabna district under natural condition. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Betel vine stems were spraying with seven treatments comparising Bavistin, Topgan, Tilt 250EC, Garlic clove extracts, Neem leaf extracts, Trichoderma harzianum based bio-fungicides and control were explored in the experiment. The lowest severity was found in Bavistin (0.71%) whereas the highest disease severity was recorded under the untreated control treatment (2.87%. The highest yield was found in case of Bavistin which was 68.46% increased over untreated control. Stem treated with Bavistin by spraying at seven days interval after inoculation minimized disease incidence, severity and increased yield. Among the eco-friendly approach, Garlic clove extract and Trichoderma harzianum showed better performance in controlling foot and root rot disease of betel vine compared to control. Furthermore, T. harzianumbased Bio-fungicide increased 30.15% yield of betel leaves over control.
Six hundred seed samples were collected from different sources and were subjected to investigate
... more Six hundred seed samples were collected from different sources and were subjected to investigate the transmission behavior of Colletotrichum corchori. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence of Colletotrichum corchori as 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples found to be varied significantly. Incidence of anthracnose increased with the increase of time. Seeds having higher level of seed infection with pathogens caused higher reduction of seed germination. Lower germination was recorded at higher prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori. Negative relationships between initial seed borne infection of C. corchori and seed yield parameters of harvested seeds were observed. Relationships between % seed germination and % total presence of pathogens in the seed was negative. Germination of the harvested seeds lowered with the increase of initial seed borne infections of C. corchori. Seed borne infection by C. corchori in harvested seeds increased with the increase of initial seed borne infection of C. corchori. Seed yield decreased with the increase of initial seed borne infection of C. corchori. Positive relationship between initial seed borne infection by C. corchori and seed borne infection in harvested seeds under field conditions proved the transmission of C. corchori from seed to plant to seed as a seed borne pathogen.
Six hundred CVL-1 jute seed samples were collected from different sources in Bangladesh and were
... more Six hundred CVL-1 jute seed samples were collected from different sources in Bangladesh and were subjected to health test. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence of Colletotrichum corchori as 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples found to be varied significantly. The highest germination (96.00%) was recorded in breeder seeds and the lowest (67.33%) was in farmers’ seeds. In seedling symptom test, the highest (96.00%) and the lowest germination (73.00%) were recorded in case of 0% and 25% initial seed borne infection of C. corchori, respectively. Seeds having higher level of seed infections with the pathogens caused reduction of seed germination. Lower germination was recorded at higher prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori.
The objective of this study was to determine the extent of adoption of Salt tolerant variety BRRI... more The objective of this study was to determine the extent of adoption of Salt tolerant variety BRRI dhan 47 in Noakhali district. Data were collected from randomly selected 100 farmers via pre-tested interview schedule during September 20 to October 10, 2012. After data collection, were coded for processing and analysis. SPSS was used to perform the data analysis. Percentage, mean, standard deviation were calculated. Coefficients of correlation (r) were computed to find out the relationship between adoption of BRRI dhan 47 and the selected socio-economic characteristics of farmers. Majority of the respondents were middle aged (48%), having primary level education (46%), medium family size (60%), small farm size (51%), medium annual income (66%), very low organizational participation (65%), low innovativeness (72%), medium extension contact (64%), and medium knowledge on rice cultivation (70%). Majority (53%) of the respondents had low adoption of BRRI dhan 47 whereas 42 % medium and only 5% under high adoption category. Farmers’ education, farm size, annual income, innovativeness, extension contact, and knowledge on rice cultivation showed significant and positive relationship with adoption of BRRI dhan 47. Shattering problem, cost on irrigation, natural calamities were the major problems faced by the farmers in cultivating BRRI dhan 47. Proper extensions activities are needed to disseminate BRRI dhan 47 to bring the uncultivated areas under rigorous cultivation for ensure a better livelihood on the coastal farmers.
An experiment on screening trial was set in the net house of the Department of Plant Pathology, S... more An experiment on screening trial was set in the net house of the Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh with seeds of thirteen different brinjal cultivars namely BARI Begun-7, BARI Begun-9, BARI Begun-10, BARI Begun-4, Tobla, BARI Begun-5, Irri, Deshi, Mollika, BARI Begun-1, Khotkhotia, Singnath, Uttara collected from different regions of Bangladesh and Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. The reaction of thirteen (13) brinjal verities to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. was studied under artificially inoculated pot condition. Maximum number of egg/root system was recorded in BARI begun-5 but maximum population of nematode and reproduction factor was was recorded in BARI begun-4. Maximum galls were recorded in Deshi and Minimum in Uttora. BARI Begun-7, BARI Begun-9, BARI Begun-10, BARI Begun-4, Tobla, BARI Begun-5, Irri, Deshi, Mollika varieties were screened as highly susceptible varieties. BARI Begun-1, Khotkhotia, Shingnath varieties were screened as susceptible where number of egg mass/root were 208.60, 161.00, 143.20, number of egg/egg mass were 186.10, 238.60, 503.20, total no of egg mass/root system (x102) were 39.35, 35.88, 31.65, no of J2/4kg soil were 25.60, 18.00, 17.20, total no of population/pot (x103) were 29.53, 20.67, 24.37 and RF were 29.53, 20.67, 24.37. One brinjal verity Uttora was found mordarately resistant, three verities BARI Begun – 1, Khotkhotia and Shingnath were exhibited susceptible, nine varieties BARI Begun -7, BARI Begun -9, BARI Begun -10, BARI Begun -4, Tobla, BARI Begun -5, Irri, Deshi and Mollika were found to be highly susceptible for Meloidogyne species.
Weed management is one of the significant challenges of field crops since weeds pose a remarkable... more Weed management is one of the significant challenges of field crops since weeds pose a remarkable threat to crop productivity in South Asian countries, including Bangladesh. Allelopathy, a phenomenon whereby secondary metabolites produced and released by one plant species influence the growth and development of other species can be exploited in sustainable management. The focus of this study was to evaluate potential allelopathic plant species which can be further explored as alternatives to synthetic herbicides or incorporated as part of integrated weed management in sustainable agriculture. Two hundred fifty-two plant samples from 70 families were collected from Bangladesh and evaluated with the sandwich bioassay. Thirty-one percent of the samples showed significant allelopathic potential on lettuce radicle elongation. Among the species that showed substantial inhibition, more than 7% of the samples showed higher inhibition (HI) and 25% showed moderate inhibition (MI) on lettuce radicle. Fruit pulps of Couroupita guianensis (95.4%), fruits of Phyllanthus emblica (95.4%), and Acacia concinna (95.4%) showed the highest inhibition on lettuce radicle elongation. In contrast, the leaf of Bombax insigne had growth promoting activity by stimulating radicle (23%) and hypocotyl (80%) elongation of lettuce seedlings. This result suggested that the species with significant plant growth inhibitory potential may play a vital role as an alternative to the increasing use of synthetic herbicides for sustainable weed management in agricultural land.
The levels perception and behavior of farmers on pesticide uses and its relevant risks to the env... more The levels perception and behavior of farmers on pesticide uses and its relevant risks to the environment and human health were surveyed among the farmers of Bangladesh in two areas: Savar Upazila (SU) and Mehendiganj Upazila (MU). Significant differences were observed between the farmers' regarding information of pesticides (v2 = 19.679 at p < 0.05). 35% farmers of SU reported different mass communication devices as a primary source of information while 36% farmers from MU reported other farmers as their sources of information followed by pesticide dealers (28%). Proper storage and uses of personal protective equipment (PPE) were absent. However, significant differences were also observed to cover face with cloth (v2 = 22.019 at p < 0.05). Farmers of SU used partial cover 69% while in MU 48% farmers reported no covering. Only 14% and 5% of farmers reported the full use of PPE in both areas. 39% farmers and 42% farmers of the SU and MU, respectively, reported throwing empty pots into the nearby water body followed by taking home for reuse by 31% and 24%, respectively. 88% farmers of SU vs. 82% farmers of MU consumed betel leaf, tobacco or smoking during spraying. 87% in SU and 66% in MU believed that pesticide application decreased soil fertility (v2 = 12.265 at p < 0.05). About 83% farmers in SU and 24% farmers in MU reported that surface water pollution occurred due to pesticide v2 = 69.963 at p < 0.05); excessive uses of pesticides destroyed beneficial insects (v2 = 73.509 at p < 0.05). 67% farmers of SU and 26% farmers of MU responded that environmental quality was deteriorating. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed all the background variables (education, age, farming experience, and farm ownership) had a similar contribution towards understanding the danger of pesticides impact of health and environment irrespective of rural or urban location. A DPSIR framework (drivers, pressures, state, impact, response model) for the health and environmental hazard and a conceptual model of training tools for farmers are proposed. Ó 2018 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Pesticides, regardless of their known toxic impacts to human health and environment, are widely u... more Pesticides, regardless of their known toxic impacts to human health and environment, are widely used in the rapid growing agricultural sectors of developing countries. As an agricultural country with small lands and enormous population to feed, a developing country like Bangladesh rely heavily on the uses of pesticides to increase crop yields. Nevertheless, during the past decades, Peoples' Republic of Bangladesh has experienced 26.46% decrease in total pesticide consumption. However, the presence of unregistered pesticides in the environmental samples and agricultural products has pointed out the weakness in the existing legal regime of the pesticide governance. This, in turn, is threatening the livelihood and health of the farmers, food safety and consumer health. This paper reviews the antiquity of the status of pesticide consumption, evolution and drawbacks of pesticide in the context of existing socioeconomic position of Bangladesh. A consolidated uniform system is lacking to project pesticide management in the country. Existing legal policy, rules and regulations in the context of international agreements regarding pesticide management have been reviewed and suggested for further amendment. Moreover, role of green microfinance in sustainable management of pesticides and food safety were recommended. A framework is proposed for pesticide governance with a stronger pesticide surveillance program and coordination of ministries interlinking environmental, occupational health and food safety.
Betel vine Piper betle L. is largely grown as an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Foot and root... more Betel vine Piper betle L. is largely grown as an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Foot and root rot of betel vine is the most overwhelming disease which decreases the production of betel leaf to a great extent. Management of foot and root rot disease of betel vine caused by Sclerotium rolfsii was studied during June to December 2012in the Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in completely randomized design(CRD) with 3 replications. Among treatments 6 fungicides, 5 plant extracts, 2 bio-agents and control were evaluated for their efficacy against Sclerotium rolfsii. A remarkable inhibition of mycelium growth, number of sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii was achieved by treating with the chemical fungicide Bavistin. The fungicide Bavistin proved to be the best in controlling the radial mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the eco-friendly approach, garlic clove extract and Trichoderma harzianum showed better performance in vitro compared to untreated control.
Betel leaf or pan is an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Management foot and root rot of betel ... more Betel leaf or pan is an important cash crop in Bangladesh. Management foot and root rot of betel vine caused by Sclerotium rolfsii was studied during January to July, 2013 in the field of Malonchi upazila in Pabna district under natural condition. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Betel vine stems were spraying with seven treatments comparising Bavistin, Topgan, Tilt 250EC, Garlic clove extracts, Neem leaf extracts, Trichoderma harzianum based bio-fungicides and control were explored in the experiment. The lowest severity was found in Bavistin (0.71%) whereas the highest disease severity was recorded under the untreated control treatment (2.87%. The highest yield was found in case of Bavistin which was 68.46% increased over untreated control. Stem treated with Bavistin by spraying at seven days interval after inoculation minimized disease incidence, severity and increased yield. Among the eco-friendly approach, Garlic clove extract and Trichoderma harzianum showed better performance in controlling foot and root rot disease of betel vine compared to control. Furthermore, T. harzianumbased Bio-fungicide increased 30.15% yield of betel leaves over control.
Six hundred seed samples were collected from different sources and were subjected to investigate
... more Six hundred seed samples were collected from different sources and were subjected to investigate the transmission behavior of Colletotrichum corchori. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence of Colletotrichum corchori as 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples found to be varied significantly. Incidence of anthracnose increased with the increase of time. Seeds having higher level of seed infection with pathogens caused higher reduction of seed germination. Lower germination was recorded at higher prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori. Negative relationships between initial seed borne infection of C. corchori and seed yield parameters of harvested seeds were observed. Relationships between % seed germination and % total presence of pathogens in the seed was negative. Germination of the harvested seeds lowered with the increase of initial seed borne infections of C. corchori. Seed borne infection by C. corchori in harvested seeds increased with the increase of initial seed borne infection of C. corchori. Seed yield decreased with the increase of initial seed borne infection of C. corchori. Positive relationship between initial seed borne infection by C. corchori and seed borne infection in harvested seeds under field conditions proved the transmission of C. corchori from seed to plant to seed as a seed borne pathogen.
Six hundred CVL-1 jute seed samples were collected from different sources in Bangladesh and were
... more Six hundred CVL-1 jute seed samples were collected from different sources in Bangladesh and were subjected to health test. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence of Colletotrichum corchori as 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples found to be varied significantly. The highest germination (96.00%) was recorded in breeder seeds and the lowest (67.33%) was in farmers’ seeds. In seedling symptom test, the highest (96.00%) and the lowest germination (73.00%) were recorded in case of 0% and 25% initial seed borne infection of C. corchori, respectively. Seeds having higher level of seed infections with the pathogens caused reduction of seed germination. Lower germination was recorded at higher prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori.
The objective of this study was to determine the extent of adoption of Salt tolerant variety BRRI... more The objective of this study was to determine the extent of adoption of Salt tolerant variety BRRI dhan 47 in Noakhali district. Data were collected from randomly selected 100 farmers via pre-tested interview schedule during September 20 to October 10, 2012. After data collection, were coded for processing and analysis. SPSS was used to perform the data analysis. Percentage, mean, standard deviation were calculated. Coefficients of correlation (r) were computed to find out the relationship between adoption of BRRI dhan 47 and the selected socio-economic characteristics of farmers. Majority of the respondents were middle aged (48%), having primary level education (46%), medium family size (60%), small farm size (51%), medium annual income (66%), very low organizational participation (65%), low innovativeness (72%), medium extension contact (64%), and medium knowledge on rice cultivation (70%). Majority (53%) of the respondents had low adoption of BRRI dhan 47 whereas 42 % medium and only 5% under high adoption category. Farmers’ education, farm size, annual income, innovativeness, extension contact, and knowledge on rice cultivation showed significant and positive relationship with adoption of BRRI dhan 47. Shattering problem, cost on irrigation, natural calamities were the major problems faced by the farmers in cultivating BRRI dhan 47. Proper extensions activities are needed to disseminate BRRI dhan 47 to bring the uncultivated areas under rigorous cultivation for ensure a better livelihood on the coastal farmers.
An experiment on screening trial was set in the net house of the Department of Plant Pathology, S... more An experiment on screening trial was set in the net house of the Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh with seeds of thirteen different brinjal cultivars namely BARI Begun-7, BARI Begun-9, BARI Begun-10, BARI Begun-4, Tobla, BARI Begun-5, Irri, Deshi, Mollika, BARI Begun-1, Khotkhotia, Singnath, Uttara collected from different regions of Bangladesh and Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. The reaction of thirteen (13) brinjal verities to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. was studied under artificially inoculated pot condition. Maximum number of egg/root system was recorded in BARI begun-5 but maximum population of nematode and reproduction factor was was recorded in BARI begun-4. Maximum galls were recorded in Deshi and Minimum in Uttora. BARI Begun-7, BARI Begun-9, BARI Begun-10, BARI Begun-4, Tobla, BARI Begun-5, Irri, Deshi, Mollika varieties were screened as highly susceptible varieties. BARI Begun-1, Khotkhotia, Shingnath varieties were screened as susceptible where number of egg mass/root were 208.60, 161.00, 143.20, number of egg/egg mass were 186.10, 238.60, 503.20, total no of egg mass/root system (x102) were 39.35, 35.88, 31.65, no of J2/4kg soil were 25.60, 18.00, 17.20, total no of population/pot (x103) were 29.53, 20.67, 24.37 and RF were 29.53, 20.67, 24.37. One brinjal verity Uttora was found mordarately resistant, three verities BARI Begun – 1, Khotkhotia and Shingnath were exhibited susceptible, nine varieties BARI Begun -7, BARI Begun -9, BARI Begun -10, BARI Begun -4, Tobla, BARI Begun -5, Irri, Deshi and Mollika were found to be highly susceptible for Meloidogyne species.
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Papers by Nazmul Hasan
Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in completely randomized design(CRD) with 3 replications. Among treatments 6 fungicides, 5 plant extracts, 2 bio-agents and control were evaluated for their efficacy against Sclerotium rolfsii. A remarkable inhibition of mycelium growth, number of sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii was achieved by treating with the chemical fungicide Bavistin. The fungicide Bavistin proved to be the best in controlling the radial mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the eco-friendly approach, garlic clove extract and Trichoderma harzianum showed better performance in vitro compared to untreated control.
leaves over control.
the transmission behavior of Colletotrichum corchori. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence
of Colletotrichum corchori as 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples
found to be varied significantly. Incidence of anthracnose increased with the increase of time. Seeds having
higher level of seed infection with pathogens caused higher reduction of seed germination. Lower germination
was recorded at higher prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori. Negative relationships
between initial seed borne infection of C. corchori and seed yield parameters of harvested seeds were
observed. Relationships between % seed germination and % total presence of pathogens in the seed was
negative. Germination of the harvested seeds lowered with the increase of initial seed borne infections of
C. corchori. Seed borne infection by C. corchori in harvested seeds increased with the increase of initial
seed borne infection of C. corchori. Seed yield decreased with the increase of initial seed borne infection of
C. corchori. Positive relationship between initial seed borne infection by C. corchori and seed borne infection
in harvested seeds under field conditions proved the transmission of C. corchori from seed to plant to seed
as a seed borne pathogen.
subjected to health test. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence of Colletotrichum
corchori as 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples found to be varied significantly.
The highest germination (96.00%) was recorded in breeder seeds and the lowest (67.33%) was in farmers’ seeds.
In seedling symptom test, the highest (96.00%) and the lowest germination (73.00%) were recorded in case of
0% and 25% initial seed borne infection of C. corchori, respectively. Seeds having higher level of seed
infections with the pathogens caused reduction of seed germination. Lower germination was recorded at higher
prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori.
Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in completely randomized design(CRD) with 3 replications. Among treatments 6 fungicides, 5 plant extracts, 2 bio-agents and control were evaluated for their efficacy against Sclerotium rolfsii. A remarkable inhibition of mycelium growth, number of sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii was achieved by treating with the chemical fungicide Bavistin. The fungicide Bavistin proved to be the best in controlling the radial mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the eco-friendly approach, garlic clove extract and Trichoderma harzianum showed better performance in vitro compared to untreated control.
leaves over control.
the transmission behavior of Colletotrichum corchori. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence
of Colletotrichum corchori as 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples
found to be varied significantly. Incidence of anthracnose increased with the increase of time. Seeds having
higher level of seed infection with pathogens caused higher reduction of seed germination. Lower germination
was recorded at higher prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori. Negative relationships
between initial seed borne infection of C. corchori and seed yield parameters of harvested seeds were
observed. Relationships between % seed germination and % total presence of pathogens in the seed was
negative. Germination of the harvested seeds lowered with the increase of initial seed borne infections of
C. corchori. Seed borne infection by C. corchori in harvested seeds increased with the increase of initial
seed borne infection of C. corchori. Seed yield decreased with the increase of initial seed borne infection of
C. corchori. Positive relationship between initial seed borne infection by C. corchori and seed borne infection
in harvested seeds under field conditions proved the transmission of C. corchori from seed to plant to seed
as a seed borne pathogen.
subjected to health test. Seed samples were categorized on the basis of presence of Colletotrichum
corchori as 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. Germination of the collected seed samples found to be varied significantly.
The highest germination (96.00%) was recorded in breeder seeds and the lowest (67.33%) was in farmers’ seeds.
In seedling symptom test, the highest (96.00%) and the lowest germination (73.00%) were recorded in case of
0% and 25% initial seed borne infection of C. corchori, respectively. Seeds having higher level of seed
infections with the pathogens caused reduction of seed germination. Lower germination was recorded at higher
prevalence of initial seed borne infection by C. corchori.