Diphenhydramine, as an antihistamine drug is widely used for the treatment of allergies. However,... more Diphenhydramine, as an antihistamine drug is widely used for the treatment of allergies. However, being classified as an over the counter medication and the general belief on the low adverse effect profile of this drug has made it widely accessible to the families. Recent reports of diphenhydramine intoxication and mortality, noticeably in children and infants have raised some serious concerns. In the present study, 241 mothers who referred to four different regional locations of mother and child health care service centers were asked to fill up a questionnaire on diphenhydramine. The results of our study showed that besides the lack of adequate information on the indications and safety of the drug, 97% of the mothers used this medication for different illness conditions of the children, with more than 20% misindications on respiratory infections, fever and pain conditions. More than 40% of mothers did not have specific idea about the age related restrictions of the medication and 8...
Three new Complexes of formula [pd(bpy)(R-NH-CSS)] Cl (where bpy is 2/2'- bipyridine, and R-N... more Three new Complexes of formula [pd(bpy)(R-NH-CSS)] Cl (where bpy is 2/2'- bipyridine, and R-NH-CSS is butylamine, hexylamine- and octyamine-dithiocabamate anion) have been synthesized by University of Sistan and Blachostan. These complexes have been characterized by spectroscopic methods such as ultraviolet-visible, infrared and (1)H-NMR as well as conductivity measurements and chemical analysis. In these complexes, each of the dithiocarbamate ligands coordinates to Pd (II) center as bidentate with two sulfur atoms. We have found a 1:1 electrolyte in water conductivity test for the above mentioned compounds. To measure the biologic activity and potential anticancer efficacy of these compounds, they have been compared with cisplatin and its palladium analogue of [Pd (NH3)2 Cl2] on three different cell lines of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2, human ovarian carcinoma OV2008, and human lung adenocarcinoma A549. Clonogenic assay has shown LD50s in the range of 0.131±0.025 to 0.934 ± 0.1...
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2014
Cancer is considered as a challenging deathly disease and discovering or synthesis of new cytotox... more Cancer is considered as a challenging deathly disease and discovering or synthesis of new cytotoxic agents is a worldwide attempt. In this study, a group of recently synthesized chalcones, with the structure of 1,3-diarylprop-2-en-1-one having different COX-1 and/or COX-2 selectivities have been examined on human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2), lung carcinoma (A549), and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line, using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Briefly, cells were treated with 1-100 μM of each compound for 72, 96 and 168 hours. In each case, a control row was set with the exposure of cells to compounds-free solvents. Median lethal concentration (LC50) values (compared to controls) were calculated using regression fitness analysis on GraphPad Prism(®) software. Our results show that the subgroup possessing p-azido COX-2 pharmacophore seems to be more cytotoxic, while the cells seem to show more acquired resistance to them and the subgroup possessing a p-MeSO2NH COX-2 pharmacophore is less...
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2014
Metronidazole is used to treat trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and other diseases. There are... more Metronidazole is used to treat trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and other diseases. There are controversy aspects about its teratogenicity. A teratogenic agent can alter morphology or subsequent function of the fetus. The aim of this study was to examine an alternative method for the recognition of the mechanism or the bimolecular potential changes in mice fetus caused by Metronidazole using FTIR micro spectroscopy. The mice were injected with metronidazole (60 mg/Kg) on gestation day 9. Fetuses were dissected on day 15 of gestation and morphological and histological studies on the fetus were carried out. Serial sectioning (10 μm) of normal and metronidazole-treated brains and livers were used for FTIR measurement in the wave number region of 600- 3600 cm(-1).The results showed that there were some variations between the fetus of normal and treated brain and liver. The band intensities in fetus brain and liver of test animals were reduced and shifted at 707 cm(-1), 1155 cm(-1), ...
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2015
One of the major complications in cancer chemotherapy with cisplatin as one of the important medi... more One of the major complications in cancer chemotherapy with cisplatin as one of the important medicines in treatment regimens of different cancers is the development of resistance. One of the most described cellular defense mechanisms involved in resistance is glutathione (GSH), thus in this study, the effects of cisplatin on the total intracellular GSH level (GSHi) in some sensitive and resistant variants of human cell lines (hepatocarcinoma HepG2, skin A375, cisplatin sensitive glioblastoma U373MG and cisplatin resistant glioblastoma U373MGCP, cisplatin sensitive ovary A2780S and cisplatin resistant A2780CP cells) were studied. MTT assay was performed to measure cytotoxicity of cisplatin (33.3 µM for 1 hour). Following cisplatin exposure, GSHi (per million cells) was evaluated using a photometrical assay up to 90 minutes. Our results indicate that there are significant differences between GSHi content of A2780CP and U373MGCP cells compared to other cell lines. Moreover, IC50 of cis...
Diphenhydramine, as an antihistamine drug is widely used for the treatment of allergies. However,... more Diphenhydramine, as an antihistamine drug is widely used for the treatment of allergies. However, being classified as an over the counter medication and the general belief on the low adverse effect profile of this drug has made it widely accessible to the families. Recent reports of diphenhydramine intoxication and mortality, noticeably in children and infants have raised some serious concerns. In the present study, 241 mothers who referred to four different regional locations of mother and child health care service centers were asked to fill up a questionnaire on diphenhydramine. The results of our study showed that besides the lack of adequate information on the indications and safety of the drug, 97% of the mothers used this medication for different illness conditions of the children, with more than 20% misindications on respiratory infections, fever and pain conditions. More than 40% of mothers did not have specific idea about the age related restrictions of the medication and 8...
Three new Complexes of formula [pd(bpy)(R-NH-CSS)] Cl (where bpy is 2/2'- bipyridine, and R-N... more Three new Complexes of formula [pd(bpy)(R-NH-CSS)] Cl (where bpy is 2/2'- bipyridine, and R-NH-CSS is butylamine, hexylamine- and octyamine-dithiocabamate anion) have been synthesized by University of Sistan and Blachostan. These complexes have been characterized by spectroscopic methods such as ultraviolet-visible, infrared and (1)H-NMR as well as conductivity measurements and chemical analysis. In these complexes, each of the dithiocarbamate ligands coordinates to Pd (II) center as bidentate with two sulfur atoms. We have found a 1:1 electrolyte in water conductivity test for the above mentioned compounds. To measure the biologic activity and potential anticancer efficacy of these compounds, they have been compared with cisplatin and its palladium analogue of [Pd (NH3)2 Cl2] on three different cell lines of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2, human ovarian carcinoma OV2008, and human lung adenocarcinoma A549. Clonogenic assay has shown LD50s in the range of 0.131±0.025 to 0.934 ± 0.1...
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2014
Cancer is considered as a challenging deathly disease and discovering or synthesis of new cytotox... more Cancer is considered as a challenging deathly disease and discovering or synthesis of new cytotoxic agents is a worldwide attempt. In this study, a group of recently synthesized chalcones, with the structure of 1,3-diarylprop-2-en-1-one having different COX-1 and/or COX-2 selectivities have been examined on human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2), lung carcinoma (A549), and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line, using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Briefly, cells were treated with 1-100 μM of each compound for 72, 96 and 168 hours. In each case, a control row was set with the exposure of cells to compounds-free solvents. Median lethal concentration (LC50) values (compared to controls) were calculated using regression fitness analysis on GraphPad Prism(®) software. Our results show that the subgroup possessing p-azido COX-2 pharmacophore seems to be more cytotoxic, while the cells seem to show more acquired resistance to them and the subgroup possessing a p-MeSO2NH COX-2 pharmacophore is less...
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2014
Metronidazole is used to treat trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and other diseases. There are... more Metronidazole is used to treat trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and other diseases. There are controversy aspects about its teratogenicity. A teratogenic agent can alter morphology or subsequent function of the fetus. The aim of this study was to examine an alternative method for the recognition of the mechanism or the bimolecular potential changes in mice fetus caused by Metronidazole using FTIR micro spectroscopy. The mice were injected with metronidazole (60 mg/Kg) on gestation day 9. Fetuses were dissected on day 15 of gestation and morphological and histological studies on the fetus were carried out. Serial sectioning (10 μm) of normal and metronidazole-treated brains and livers were used for FTIR measurement in the wave number region of 600- 3600 cm(-1).The results showed that there were some variations between the fetus of normal and treated brain and liver. The band intensities in fetus brain and liver of test animals were reduced and shifted at 707 cm(-1), 1155 cm(-1), ...
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2015
One of the major complications in cancer chemotherapy with cisplatin as one of the important medi... more One of the major complications in cancer chemotherapy with cisplatin as one of the important medicines in treatment regimens of different cancers is the development of resistance. One of the most described cellular defense mechanisms involved in resistance is glutathione (GSH), thus in this study, the effects of cisplatin on the total intracellular GSH level (GSHi) in some sensitive and resistant variants of human cell lines (hepatocarcinoma HepG2, skin A375, cisplatin sensitive glioblastoma U373MG and cisplatin resistant glioblastoma U373MGCP, cisplatin sensitive ovary A2780S and cisplatin resistant A2780CP cells) were studied. MTT assay was performed to measure cytotoxicity of cisplatin (33.3 µM for 1 hour). Following cisplatin exposure, GSHi (per million cells) was evaluated using a photometrical assay up to 90 minutes. Our results indicate that there are significant differences between GSHi content of A2780CP and U373MGCP cells compared to other cell lines. Moreover, IC50 of cis...
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Papers by Maryam Nakhjavani