L'article presente les techniques envisagees pour la construction, partiellement ou totalemen... more L'article presente les techniques envisagees pour la construction, partiellement ou totalement enterree, d'une structure de confinement contenant un Systeme Pilote par Accelerateur de recherche, dans les sables aquiferes de Mol en Belgique. Pour les parois verticales, tant les parois moulees que le havage ouvert sont des techniques qui se pretent bien a la geometrie actuelle du bâtiment et a la geologie presente. Le radier serait lui, soit coule entierement sous eau, soit coule en deux phases (pre-radier sous eau et radier final a sec). Nous presentons egalement une approche des calculs de stabilite d'un tel ouvrage.
We use the VENUS-3 experimental benchmark to examine the accuracy and parallel performance of PEN... more We use the VENUS-3 experimental benchmark to examine the accuracy and parallel performance of PENTRANTM (Parallel Environment Neutral-particle TRANsport), a three- dimensional parallel Sn code. VENUS-3 with its partial length assemblies is a 3-D benchmark with 370 measurements (58Ni(n,p), 115In(n,n'), and 27Al(n,) dosimeters). PENTRAN results are very close to experimental results; more than 95% of the Calculated-to-experimental (C/E) values are
SCK.CEN, the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, works on the conceptual design and basic engineerin... more SCK.CEN, the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, works on the conceptual design and basic engineering of a multipurpose ADS for R&D, dubbed MYRRHA, a small high-performance irradiation facility with fast neutron fluxes up to 1.10 15 n/cm /s to start operation in about 2010. It is to serve for demonstrating the ADS concept and to be used for research on structural materials and nuclear fuel, liquid metals and associated aspects, reactor physics and subsequently on applications such as waste transmutation, radioisotope production and safety of sub-critical systems.
Monitoring of reactivity in an ADS should be performed on-line with a simple, accurate and robust... more Monitoring of reactivity in an ADS should be performed on-line with a simple, accurate and robust technique. Within the range of experimental reactor techniques, no single technique can be selected which meet these requirements. Therefore a combination of different techniques has to be chosen in a way that various off-line techniques serve as a calibration method for the on-line measurement
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, 2013
ABSTRACT To be able to answer the worlds’ increasing demand for energy, nuclear energy must be pa... more ABSTRACT To be able to answer the worlds’ increasing demand for energy, nuclear energy must be part of the energy basket. The generation of nuclear energy produces, besides energy, also high-level nuclear waste, which is nowadays for geological storage. Transmutation of the minor actinides and long-lived fission products that arise from the reprocessing of the nuclear waste can reduce the radiological impact of these radioactive elements. Transmutation can be completed in an efficient way in fast neutron spectrum facilities. Both critical fast reactors and subcritical accelerator driven systems are potential candidates as dedicated transmutation systems. Nevertheless, an accelerator driven system operates in a flexible and safer manner even with a core loading containing a high amount of minor actinides leading to a high more-efficient transmutation approach. WIREs Energy Environ 2014, 3:60–69. doi: 10.1002/wene.82 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
The European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) now gathers more than 100 org... more The European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) now gathers more than 100 organizations (research organizations, utilities, vendors, technology providers, technical safety organizations, universities, consulting companies, and nongovernmental organizations). Its first Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) was edited by a specific Task Group drawing on contributions from more than 160 scientists and engineers from more than 60 member organizations of SNETP and taking into account the feedback obtained from an open public consultation: the SRA provides the foundation for the establishment of joint research priorities that will enable European stakeholders, with the support of the European Commission, to transform a shared vision into reality, thus contributing to European energy policy and in particular, via the European Sustainable Nuclear Industrial Initiative (ESNII), to the objectives of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan).
Since 1998, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium,—in partnership with many European research laboratories—is des... more Since 1998, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium,—in partnership with many European research laboratories—is designing a multipurpose Accelerator Driven System for R&D applications—MYRRHA. In parallel, an associated R&D support program is being conducted. MYRRHA aims to serve as a basis for the European experimental ADS providing protons and neutrons for various R&D applications. It consists of a LINAC proton accelerator delivering a 350MeV*5mA
ABSTRACT MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) is the flexibl... more ABSTRACT MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) is the flexible experimental Accelerator-Driven System (ADS) currently under development at SCK⋅CEN and will replace the Material Testing Reactor (MTR) BR2. The MYRRHA facility is currently being developed with the aid of the FP7-project “Central Design Team” and will be as a flexible irradiation facility, able to work in both subcritical and critical modes. In this way, MYRRHA will allow fuel developments for innovative reactor systems, material developments for GEN IV systems, material developments for fusion reactors, radioisotope production for medical and industrial applications, and Si-doping.MYRRHA will also demonstrate the full concept of Accelerator Driven Systems by coupling the requisite three components (accelerator, spallation target and subcritical reactor) at reasonable power level to allow operation feedback, scalable to an industrial demonstrator and allow for the study of efficient transmutation of high-level nuclear waste. Since MYRRHA is based on the heavy liquid metal technology, Lead–Bismuth Eutectic, it will be able to significantly contribute to the development of Lead Fast Reactor (LFR) technology. Further, in critical mode, MYRRHA will play the role of European Technology Pilot Plant in the path forward for LFR.In this paper we present the historical perspectives, international and high profile membership within the consortium of the MYRRHA project and the rationale for the design choices are presented. Also, the latest configuration of the reactor system is described together with the different irradiation capabilities. More specifically, the possibilities and performances for fuel irradiations are presented in detail.
The Integrated Project EUROTRANS (EURopean Research Programme for the TRANSmutation of High Level... more The Integrated Project EUROTRANS (EURopean Research Programme for the TRANSmutation of High Level Nuclear Waste in an Accelerator Driven System) within the ongoing EURATOM 6th European Commission Framework Programme (FP6) is devoted to the study of transmutation of high-level waste from nuclear power plants. The work is focused on transmutation in an Accelerator Driven System (ADS). The objective of EUROTRANS is the assessment of the design and the feasibility of an industrial ADS prototype dedicated to transmutation. The necessary R&D results in the areas of fuel development, structural materials, thermal-hydraulics, heavy liquid metal technology and nuclear data will be made available, together with the experimental demonstration of the ADS component coupling. The outcome of this work will allow to provide a reasonably reliable assessment of technological feasibility and a cost estimate for ADS based transmutation, and to possibly decide on the detailed design of an experimental A...
L'article presente les techniques envisagees pour la construction, partiellement ou totalemen... more L'article presente les techniques envisagees pour la construction, partiellement ou totalement enterree, d'une structure de confinement contenant un Systeme Pilote par Accelerateur de recherche, dans les sables aquiferes de Mol en Belgique. Pour les parois verticales, tant les parois moulees que le havage ouvert sont des techniques qui se pretent bien a la geometrie actuelle du bâtiment et a la geologie presente. Le radier serait lui, soit coule entierement sous eau, soit coule en deux phases (pre-radier sous eau et radier final a sec). Nous presentons egalement une approche des calculs de stabilite d'un tel ouvrage.
We use the VENUS-3 experimental benchmark to examine the accuracy and parallel performance of PEN... more We use the VENUS-3 experimental benchmark to examine the accuracy and parallel performance of PENTRANTM (Parallel Environment Neutral-particle TRANsport), a three- dimensional parallel Sn code. VENUS-3 with its partial length assemblies is a 3-D benchmark with 370 measurements (58Ni(n,p), 115In(n,n'), and 27Al(n,) dosimeters). PENTRAN results are very close to experimental results; more than 95% of the Calculated-to-experimental (C/E) values are
SCK.CEN, the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, works on the conceptual design and basic engineerin... more SCK.CEN, the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, works on the conceptual design and basic engineering of a multipurpose ADS for R&D, dubbed MYRRHA, a small high-performance irradiation facility with fast neutron fluxes up to 1.10 15 n/cm /s to start operation in about 2010. It is to serve for demonstrating the ADS concept and to be used for research on structural materials and nuclear fuel, liquid metals and associated aspects, reactor physics and subsequently on applications such as waste transmutation, radioisotope production and safety of sub-critical systems.
Monitoring of reactivity in an ADS should be performed on-line with a simple, accurate and robust... more Monitoring of reactivity in an ADS should be performed on-line with a simple, accurate and robust technique. Within the range of experimental reactor techniques, no single technique can be selected which meet these requirements. Therefore a combination of different techniques has to be chosen in a way that various off-line techniques serve as a calibration method for the on-line measurement
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, 2013
ABSTRACT To be able to answer the worlds’ increasing demand for energy, nuclear energy must be pa... more ABSTRACT To be able to answer the worlds’ increasing demand for energy, nuclear energy must be part of the energy basket. The generation of nuclear energy produces, besides energy, also high-level nuclear waste, which is nowadays for geological storage. Transmutation of the minor actinides and long-lived fission products that arise from the reprocessing of the nuclear waste can reduce the radiological impact of these radioactive elements. Transmutation can be completed in an efficient way in fast neutron spectrum facilities. Both critical fast reactors and subcritical accelerator driven systems are potential candidates as dedicated transmutation systems. Nevertheless, an accelerator driven system operates in a flexible and safer manner even with a core loading containing a high amount of minor actinides leading to a high more-efficient transmutation approach. WIREs Energy Environ 2014, 3:60–69. doi: 10.1002/wene.82 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
The European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) now gathers more than 100 org... more The European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) now gathers more than 100 organizations (research organizations, utilities, vendors, technology providers, technical safety organizations, universities, consulting companies, and nongovernmental organizations). Its first Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) was edited by a specific Task Group drawing on contributions from more than 160 scientists and engineers from more than 60 member organizations of SNETP and taking into account the feedback obtained from an open public consultation: the SRA provides the foundation for the establishment of joint research priorities that will enable European stakeholders, with the support of the European Commission, to transform a shared vision into reality, thus contributing to European energy policy and in particular, via the European Sustainable Nuclear Industrial Initiative (ESNII), to the objectives of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan).
Since 1998, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium,—in partnership with many European research laboratories—is des... more Since 1998, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium,—in partnership with many European research laboratories—is designing a multipurpose Accelerator Driven System for R&D applications—MYRRHA. In parallel, an associated R&D support program is being conducted. MYRRHA aims to serve as a basis for the European experimental ADS providing protons and neutrons for various R&D applications. It consists of a LINAC proton accelerator delivering a 350MeV*5mA
ABSTRACT MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) is the flexibl... more ABSTRACT MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) is the flexible experimental Accelerator-Driven System (ADS) currently under development at SCK⋅CEN and will replace the Material Testing Reactor (MTR) BR2. The MYRRHA facility is currently being developed with the aid of the FP7-project “Central Design Team” and will be as a flexible irradiation facility, able to work in both subcritical and critical modes. In this way, MYRRHA will allow fuel developments for innovative reactor systems, material developments for GEN IV systems, material developments for fusion reactors, radioisotope production for medical and industrial applications, and Si-doping.MYRRHA will also demonstrate the full concept of Accelerator Driven Systems by coupling the requisite three components (accelerator, spallation target and subcritical reactor) at reasonable power level to allow operation feedback, scalable to an industrial demonstrator and allow for the study of efficient transmutation of high-level nuclear waste. Since MYRRHA is based on the heavy liquid metal technology, Lead–Bismuth Eutectic, it will be able to significantly contribute to the development of Lead Fast Reactor (LFR) technology. Further, in critical mode, MYRRHA will play the role of European Technology Pilot Plant in the path forward for LFR.In this paper we present the historical perspectives, international and high profile membership within the consortium of the MYRRHA project and the rationale for the design choices are presented. Also, the latest configuration of the reactor system is described together with the different irradiation capabilities. More specifically, the possibilities and performances for fuel irradiations are presented in detail.
The Integrated Project EUROTRANS (EURopean Research Programme for the TRANSmutation of High Level... more The Integrated Project EUROTRANS (EURopean Research Programme for the TRANSmutation of High Level Nuclear Waste in an Accelerator Driven System) within the ongoing EURATOM 6th European Commission Framework Programme (FP6) is devoted to the study of transmutation of high-level waste from nuclear power plants. The work is focused on transmutation in an Accelerator Driven System (ADS). The objective of EUROTRANS is the assessment of the design and the feasibility of an industrial ADS prototype dedicated to transmutation. The necessary R&D results in the areas of fuel development, structural materials, thermal-hydraulics, heavy liquid metal technology and nuclear data will be made available, together with the experimental demonstration of the ADS component coupling. The outcome of this work will allow to provide a reasonably reliable assessment of technological feasibility and a cost estimate for ADS based transmutation, and to possibly decide on the detailed design of an experimental A...
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