Using data from both qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on ... more Using data from both qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on a sample of 54 repeat stranger sexual offenders who committed 204 sexual assaults to identify discrete contexts present at the time of victim encounter that influence these offenders’ decision to use more than one location to commit their crimes. Five distinct classes are identified: residential outdoor common area, spontaneous/quiet outdoor site, residential home, active green space, and indoor/public gathering place. An investigation into the outcome(s) that most often result from the offender’s decision to move the victim during the sexual assault indicates that those who move the victim from an active green space overwhelmingly engage in sexual penetration, as well as forcing their victims to commit sexual acts on them. Crimes where the victim is moved from a residential home show evidence of the offender physically harming the victim, as well as using more force than necessary to complete the assault. Implications for situational crime prevention are discussed.
Purpose: Using the rational choice perspective, the current study investigates the impact that th... more Purpose: Using the rational choice perspective, the current study investigates the impact that the environment and offending behavior have on serial sexual crime event outcomes.
Methods: The effects of time and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, on sexual crime event outcomes are tested using Generalized Estimating Equations on a sample of 361 crime events committed by 72 serial sex offenders.
Results: Time and place do impact serial stranger sexual offenders' modus operandi strategies, but the place characteristics of the crime have more of an effect on the offender's behavior than do the temporal conditions during which the event occurs. Subsequent analyses indicate that temporal and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, predict whether the offender completes the rape, his reaction to victim resistance, and the level of physical force that he inflicts on the victim, but not whether the victim is forced to commit sexual acts on the offender.
Conclusions: Serial stranger sexual offenders are effective decision-makers who adapt their strategies to the physical environment in which they commit their crimes, but their degree of rationality can vary as some outcomes are more dependent on the context than the offender and his actions.
A series of stranger sexual assaults poses considerable obstacles for law enforcement officials. ... more A series of stranger sexual assaults poses considerable obstacles for law enforcement officials. One such preoccupation is concerned with whether or not the offender will escalate in the severity of his behaviors with subsequent victims. The current study uses transition matrices to address whether or not the offending patterns of 72 serial stranger sex offenders change from one victim to the next as it pertains to their sexual acts and level of physical force used during the crime. Findings indicate that stability, specifically the offender’s intrusive sexual acts and use of physical force, and versatility, are present in this sample’s offending patterns. To explain changes in offending patterns between victims, multinomial regression analyses indicate that situational factors and modus operandi strategies are important considerations. Implications for investigations are discussed.
Much research on the geographic decision-making of sexual predators has found that offenders do n... more Much research on the geographic decision-making of sexual predators has found that offenders do not travel very far from their home base to commit crimes. Although this aspect of geographic profiling has been well documented, of equal importance is the understanding of why offenders choose certain locations to commit their crimes. This information is not only significant to rape investigations, but it is especially important for geographic profiling and its further development as an investigative tool. Findings from prior studies concerning target selection and spatial decision-making of sexual offenders have indicated that situational variables, hunting behavior, and modus operandi factors are important considerations. Thus, the current study uses these factors to determine those variables that influence the victim encounter and release locations in serial sexual crime events. Using data from a sample of 361 crime events committed by 72 serial sex offenders, Generalized Estimating Equations are used and results indicate that situational factors, offender hunting behavior, and modus operandi strategies are significant predictors of both the victim encounter and release sites, but the importance of these factors varies depending on whether the location is in a residential land use area, a private site, inside location, or a site that is familiar to the offender.
ABSTRACT In the popular mind, the archetypal sexual murderer is someone like Ted Bundy, the intel... more ABSTRACT In the popular mind, the archetypal sexual murderer is someone like Ted Bundy, the intelligent, charming and manipulative American psychopath responsible for the death of scores of women. Because of the extensive media coverage of sexual murders, there is a widespread belief that this type of crime is common and that every woman is in fact in danger of becoming one of these monsters' next victims. But is this perception of sexual murderers and their crimes a true reflection of reality? This chapter will summarize current understanding of sexual murders and sexual murderers. A definition of sexual murder will first be proposed. This will be followed by a presentation of the epidemiological data related to sexual murder, a review of the biological, psychological and sociological theories of sexual murder, and a description of the comparative studies that have identified characteristics specific to sexual murderers. Lastly, the conceptual framework of this book, as well as some methodological issues, will be discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment, Jan 10, 2015
Using data from qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on a sam... more Using data from qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on a sample of 54 repeat stranger sexual offenders who committed 204 sexual assaults to identify discrete contexts present at the time of victim encounter that influence these offenders' decision to use more than one location to commit their crimes. Five distinct classes are identified: residential outdoor common area, spontaneous/quiet outdoor site, residential home, active green space, and indoor/public gathering place. An investigation into the outcome(s) that most often result from the offender's decision to move the victim during the sexual assault indicates that those who move the victim from an active green space overwhelmingly engage in sexual penetration, as well as forcing their victims to commit sexual acts on them. Crimes where the victim is moved from a residential home show evidence of the offender physically harming the victim as well as using more force than necessary to ...
11 Decision Making During the Offending Process: An Assessment Among Subtypes of Sexual Aggressor... more 11 Decision Making During the Offending Process: An Assessment Among Subtypes of Sexual Aggressors of Women JEAN PROULX ERIC BEAUREGARD INTRODUCTION Over the last few decades, a number of typologies of sexual aggressors of women (rapists and sexual ...
Using data from both qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on ... more Using data from both qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on a sample of 54 repeat stranger sexual offenders who committed 204 sexual assaults to identify discrete contexts present at the time of victim encounter that influence these offenders’ decision to use more than one location to commit their crimes. Five distinct classes are identified: residential outdoor common area, spontaneous/quiet outdoor site, residential home, active green space, and indoor/public gathering place. An investigation into the outcome(s) that most often result from the offender’s decision to move the victim during the sexual assault indicates that those who move the victim from an active green space overwhelmingly engage in sexual penetration, as well as forcing their victims to commit sexual acts on them. Crimes where the victim is moved from a residential home show evidence of the offender physically harming the victim, as well as using more force than necessary to complete the assault. Implications for situational crime prevention are discussed.
Purpose: Using the rational choice perspective, the current study investigates the impact that th... more Purpose: Using the rational choice perspective, the current study investigates the impact that the environment and offending behavior have on serial sexual crime event outcomes.
Methods: The effects of time and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, on sexual crime event outcomes are tested using Generalized Estimating Equations on a sample of 361 crime events committed by 72 serial sex offenders.
Results: Time and place do impact serial stranger sexual offenders' modus operandi strategies, but the place characteristics of the crime have more of an effect on the offender's behavior than do the temporal conditions during which the event occurs. Subsequent analyses indicate that temporal and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, predict whether the offender completes the rape, his reaction to victim resistance, and the level of physical force that he inflicts on the victim, but not whether the victim is forced to commit sexual acts on the offender.
Conclusions: Serial stranger sexual offenders are effective decision-makers who adapt their strategies to the physical environment in which they commit their crimes, but their degree of rationality can vary as some outcomes are more dependent on the context than the offender and his actions.
A series of stranger sexual assaults poses considerable obstacles for law enforcement officials. ... more A series of stranger sexual assaults poses considerable obstacles for law enforcement officials. One such preoccupation is concerned with whether or not the offender will escalate in the severity of his behaviors with subsequent victims. The current study uses transition matrices to address whether or not the offending patterns of 72 serial stranger sex offenders change from one victim to the next as it pertains to their sexual acts and level of physical force used during the crime. Findings indicate that stability, specifically the offender’s intrusive sexual acts and use of physical force, and versatility, are present in this sample’s offending patterns. To explain changes in offending patterns between victims, multinomial regression analyses indicate that situational factors and modus operandi strategies are important considerations. Implications for investigations are discussed.
Much research on the geographic decision-making of sexual predators has found that offenders do n... more Much research on the geographic decision-making of sexual predators has found that offenders do not travel very far from their home base to commit crimes. Although this aspect of geographic profiling has been well documented, of equal importance is the understanding of why offenders choose certain locations to commit their crimes. This information is not only significant to rape investigations, but it is especially important for geographic profiling and its further development as an investigative tool. Findings from prior studies concerning target selection and spatial decision-making of sexual offenders have indicated that situational variables, hunting behavior, and modus operandi factors are important considerations. Thus, the current study uses these factors to determine those variables that influence the victim encounter and release locations in serial sexual crime events. Using data from a sample of 361 crime events committed by 72 serial sex offenders, Generalized Estimating Equations are used and results indicate that situational factors, offender hunting behavior, and modus operandi strategies are significant predictors of both the victim encounter and release sites, but the importance of these factors varies depending on whether the location is in a residential land use area, a private site, inside location, or a site that is familiar to the offender.
ABSTRACT In the popular mind, the archetypal sexual murderer is someone like Ted Bundy, the intel... more ABSTRACT In the popular mind, the archetypal sexual murderer is someone like Ted Bundy, the intelligent, charming and manipulative American psychopath responsible for the death of scores of women. Because of the extensive media coverage of sexual murders, there is a widespread belief that this type of crime is common and that every woman is in fact in danger of becoming one of these monsters' next victims. But is this perception of sexual murderers and their crimes a true reflection of reality? This chapter will summarize current understanding of sexual murders and sexual murderers. A definition of sexual murder will first be proposed. This will be followed by a presentation of the epidemiological data related to sexual murder, a review of the biological, psychological and sociological theories of sexual murder, and a description of the comparative studies that have identified characteristics specific to sexual murderers. Lastly, the conceptual framework of this book, as well as some methodological issues, will be discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment, Jan 10, 2015
Using data from qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on a sam... more Using data from qualitative interviews and police reports, latent class analysis is used on a sample of 54 repeat stranger sexual offenders who committed 204 sexual assaults to identify discrete contexts present at the time of victim encounter that influence these offenders' decision to use more than one location to commit their crimes. Five distinct classes are identified: residential outdoor common area, spontaneous/quiet outdoor site, residential home, active green space, and indoor/public gathering place. An investigation into the outcome(s) that most often result from the offender's decision to move the victim during the sexual assault indicates that those who move the victim from an active green space overwhelmingly engage in sexual penetration, as well as forcing their victims to commit sexual acts on them. Crimes where the victim is moved from a residential home show evidence of the offender physically harming the victim as well as using more force than necessary to ...
11 Decision Making During the Offending Process: An Assessment Among Subtypes of Sexual Aggressor... more 11 Decision Making During the Offending Process: An Assessment Among Subtypes of Sexual Aggressors of Women JEAN PROULX ERIC BEAUREGARD INTRODUCTION Over the last few decades, a number of typologies of sexual aggressors of women (rapists and sexual ...
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Methods: The effects of time and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, on sexual crime event outcomes are tested using Generalized Estimating Equations on a sample of 361 crime events committed by 72 serial sex offenders.
Results: Time and place do impact serial stranger sexual offenders' modus operandi strategies, but the place characteristics of the crime have more of an effect on the offender's behavior than do the temporal conditions during which the event occurs. Subsequent analyses indicate that temporal and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, predict whether the offender completes the rape, his reaction to victim resistance, and the level of physical force that he inflicts on the victim, but not whether the victim is forced to commit sexual acts on the offender.
Conclusions: Serial stranger sexual offenders are effective decision-makers who adapt their strategies to the physical environment in which they commit their crimes, but their degree of rationality can vary as some outcomes are more dependent on the context than the offender and his actions.
Methods: The effects of time and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, on sexual crime event outcomes are tested using Generalized Estimating Equations on a sample of 361 crime events committed by 72 serial sex offenders.
Results: Time and place do impact serial stranger sexual offenders' modus operandi strategies, but the place characteristics of the crime have more of an effect on the offender's behavior than do the temporal conditions during which the event occurs. Subsequent analyses indicate that temporal and place factors, as well as offender modus operandi strategies, predict whether the offender completes the rape, his reaction to victim resistance, and the level of physical force that he inflicts on the victim, but not whether the victim is forced to commit sexual acts on the offender.
Conclusions: Serial stranger sexual offenders are effective decision-makers who adapt their strategies to the physical environment in which they commit their crimes, but their degree of rationality can vary as some outcomes are more dependent on the context than the offender and his actions.