Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University Phone: +98 9124162864 Address: Imam Khomeini St., Hashemi St First Alley, Askari Alley, No. 2, Unit 9P. 2, Unit 9 Tehran, Tehran 1348736400 Iran (Islamic Republic)
Abstract. Regulated cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is vital for th... more Abstract. Regulated cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is vital for the body’s defense system. Recent research suggests that these three types of cell death are interconnected, giving rise to a new concept called PANoptosis. PANoptosis has been linked to various diseases, making it crucial to comprehend its mechanism for effective treatments. PANoptosis is controlled by upstream receptors and molecular signals, which form polymeric complexes known as PANoptosomes. Cell death combines necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis and cannot be fully explained by any of these processes alone. Understanding pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis is essential for understanding PANoptosis. Physical exercise has been shown to suppress pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling pathways by reducing inflammatory factors, proapoptotic factors, and necroptotic factors such as caspases and TNF-alpha. This ultimately leads to a decrease in cardiac structural remodeling. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be attributed to its ability to inhibit these cell death pathways.
Abstract. Copper is an essential element in the human body, involved in many physiological and me... more Abstract. Copper is an essential element in the human body, involved in many physiological and metabolic functions, including coagulation, oxidative metabolism, and hormone production. The maintenance of copper homeostasis within cells is a complex procedure that is intrinsically controlled by a multitude of intricate mechanisms. Disorders of copper homeostasis encompass a wide range of pathological conditions, including degenerative neurological diseases, metabolic disorders, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and tumors. Cuproptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic mode of cell death mode, is characterized by copper dependence and the regulation of mitochondrial respiration. Cuproptosis represents a novel form of cell death distinct from the previously described modes, including apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Excess copper has been shown to induce cuproptosis by stimulating protein toxic stress responses via copper-dependent abnormal oligomerization of lipoylation proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the subsequent reduction of ironsulfur cluster protein levels. Ferredoxin1 facilitates the lipoacylation of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, which in turn degrades iron-sulfur cluster proteins by reducing Cu2+ to Cu+, thereby inducing cell death. Furthermore, copper homeostasis is regulated by the copper transporter, and disturbances in this homeostasis result in cuproptosis. Current evidence suggests that cuproptosis plays an important role in the onset and development of several cardiovascular diseases. Copper-chelating agents, including ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (VI) and DL-penicillamine, have been shown to facilitate the alleviation of cardiovascular disease by inhibiting cuproptosis. It is hypothesized that oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors such as physical training may inhibit cuproptosis by inhibiting the protein stress response. In conclusion, the implementation of physical training may be a viable strategy to reducte the incidence of cuproptosis.
Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a significant role in causing several d... more Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a significant role in causing several diseases such as heart attack and heart failure, through alterations in fat, amino acid, and iron metabolism. Comprehending the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis signaling is critical because it has a considerable effect on the elderly's mortality. Conversely, age-related changes in substrate metabolism and metabolite levels are recognized to give rise to obesity. Furthermore, research has proposed that aging and obesity-related changes in substrate metabolism may aggravate ferroptosis. The suppression of ferroptosis holds potential as a successful therapeutic approach for managing different diseases, including sarcopenia, cardiovascular diseases, and central nervous system diseases. However, the pathologic and biological mechanisms behind the function of ferroptosis are not fully comprehended yet. Physical activity could affect lipid, amino acid, and iron metabolism to modulate ferroptosis. The aim of this study is to showcase the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to ferroptosis and discuss the role of aging and physical activity in this phenomenon.
Introduction: Due to special condition of people with mental retardation and their need to have a... more Introduction: Due to special condition of people with mental retardation and their need to have an independent life, muscle strength, is very principal. Various studies have been reported sedentary life style is one of the main causes of physical weakness and health-related problems in these individuals. The purpose of this study was to comparison of hand and trunk muscles strength in athletes and non-athletes mental retarded students and healthy students. Materials and Methods: Sixty adolescent students (mean age ± SD, 16.58 ± 1.13 years) were randomly recruited in this study. This sample is included thirty mental retarded (mean IQ ± SD, 62.87 ± 5.15) and thirty healthy age matched students. They were divided into four groups: Non-Active adolescent with Mental retardation (MR), Active adolescent with mental retardation (AMR), Non-active Healthy adolescent (HA) and Active healthy adolescent (AHA). The inclusion criteria for mental retardation were IQ between 50 and 70 and for being ...
Introduction & Objective: Heat shock proteins help the cells' ability to keep their struc... more Introduction & Objective: Heat shock proteins help the cells' ability to keep their structures against different stresses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of one ses-sion continuous and intermittent aerobic exercise on blood responses of HSP72, cortisol and creatine kinase (CK). Materials & Methods: This study is semi-experimental in which 21 male student athletes were divided in continuous group (n=7), intermittent group (n=7) and control group (n=7). Exer-cise protocol of continuous group included 1 hour running with 80% maximum heart rate in-tensity and that of intermittent group was 3 stages of 20 minute running with the same inten-sity as of continuous group . Blood sampling of basal, pre exercise, immediately after exer-cise and 90 minutes after exercise were gathered and the amounts of HSP72, cortisol and CK, were measured by ELISA, RIA and Enzymatic methods respectively. The data was analyzed with one way ANOVA and repeated measure analysis of variance at P?0.05 significance level. Results: HSP72 levels in the continuous group and intermittent group despite an increase in the average did not show a statistically significant difference. Changes between the groups were significant in immediately after exercise and 90 minutes after exercise (P.values respectively 0.017 and 0.002). CK changes in continuous group were significant but cortisol changes in different stages hadn't significant difference. Conclusion: Exercise with its role associated with cortisol and CK will stimulate HSP72 and continuous exercise will make further increase in HSP72 and CK increasing leads to a greater HSP72 response.
Hemorheology is a branch of biology, the science of deformation and blood flow against force and ... more Hemorheology is a branch of biology, the science of deformation and blood flow against force and the pressures being on it. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute high intensity interval exercise of judo (SJFT) on blood rheology response factors in trained judokas. For this, 12 judoka with at least two years of regular training voluntarily participated in this study. All subjects performed Special judo fitness test (SJFT) and blood samples collected before, immediately after and a half hours after the test. The results showed that plasma volume and red blood cell count was significantly decreased immediately after exercise (p<0.05), and the number of white blood cells, platelets and hematocrit were significantly increased after protocol (p <0.05). But all variables fall to primary level half an hour after protocol except white blood cells. The current study showed that the interval intense activity of judo can make an effective response in blood rheolog...
Introduction & Objective: The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important regul... more Introduction & Objective: The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important regula-tor of fibrinolysis at sites of vascular injury and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombosis at the arterial sites. The aim of this study was to examine the effect one month aerobic exercise and vitamin E consumption on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Materials & Methods: In this quasi experimental study thirty inactive healthy collegiate fe-males voluntarily participated in the study and were randomly divided into three groups: training with vitamin (endurance training accompanied by 400 IU/day vitamin E), vitamin (400 IU/day vitamin E) and control (No vitamin and no exercise training). Endurance train-ing included 4 weeks of running on treadmill, 3 days a week. The duration and intensity of exercise in each session for the first week was 30 minutes at 65% of maximum heart rat and for the three remaining weeks were increased by 5 min and 5%, respectively. Two blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after training for measuring PAI-1 antigen. Results: Data analysis revealed that PAI-1 antigen increased in control group significantly (P≤0.05), while PAI-1 decreases and increases in training with vitamin, and vitamin groups, respectively were not statistically significant. Changes in PAI-1 were significantly different among the three groups (P≤0.05), but using analysis of covariance it was revealed that these differences were due to differences in resting levels of PAI-1. Conclusion: Based on the findings of present study, it could be concluded that short-term regular training combined with vitamin E consumption and chronic vitamin E consumption singly result in improvements in fibrinolytic system due to decrease or prevention of PAI-1 antigen.
Abstract. Regulated cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is vital for th... more Abstract. Regulated cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is vital for the body’s defense system. Recent research suggests that these three types of cell death are interconnected, giving rise to a new concept called PANoptosis. PANoptosis has been linked to various diseases, making it crucial to comprehend its mechanism for effective treatments. PANoptosis is controlled by upstream receptors and molecular signals, which form polymeric complexes known as PANoptosomes. Cell death combines necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis and cannot be fully explained by any of these processes alone. Understanding pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis is essential for understanding PANoptosis. Physical exercise has been shown to suppress pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling pathways by reducing inflammatory factors, proapoptotic factors, and necroptotic factors such as caspases and TNF-alpha. This ultimately leads to a decrease in cardiac structural remodeling. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be attributed to its ability to inhibit these cell death pathways.
Abstract. Copper is an essential element in the human body, involved in many physiological and me... more Abstract. Copper is an essential element in the human body, involved in many physiological and metabolic functions, including coagulation, oxidative metabolism, and hormone production. The maintenance of copper homeostasis within cells is a complex procedure that is intrinsically controlled by a multitude of intricate mechanisms. Disorders of copper homeostasis encompass a wide range of pathological conditions, including degenerative neurological diseases, metabolic disorders, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and tumors. Cuproptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic mode of cell death mode, is characterized by copper dependence and the regulation of mitochondrial respiration. Cuproptosis represents a novel form of cell death distinct from the previously described modes, including apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Excess copper has been shown to induce cuproptosis by stimulating protein toxic stress responses via copper-dependent abnormal oligomerization of lipoylation proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the subsequent reduction of ironsulfur cluster protein levels. Ferredoxin1 facilitates the lipoacylation of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, which in turn degrades iron-sulfur cluster proteins by reducing Cu2+ to Cu+, thereby inducing cell death. Furthermore, copper homeostasis is regulated by the copper transporter, and disturbances in this homeostasis result in cuproptosis. Current evidence suggests that cuproptosis plays an important role in the onset and development of several cardiovascular diseases. Copper-chelating agents, including ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (VI) and DL-penicillamine, have been shown to facilitate the alleviation of cardiovascular disease by inhibiting cuproptosis. It is hypothesized that oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors such as physical training may inhibit cuproptosis by inhibiting the protein stress response. In conclusion, the implementation of physical training may be a viable strategy to reducte the incidence of cuproptosis.
Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a significant role in causing several d... more Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a significant role in causing several diseases such as heart attack and heart failure, through alterations in fat, amino acid, and iron metabolism. Comprehending the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis signaling is critical because it has a considerable effect on the elderly's mortality. Conversely, age-related changes in substrate metabolism and metabolite levels are recognized to give rise to obesity. Furthermore, research has proposed that aging and obesity-related changes in substrate metabolism may aggravate ferroptosis. The suppression of ferroptosis holds potential as a successful therapeutic approach for managing different diseases, including sarcopenia, cardiovascular diseases, and central nervous system diseases. However, the pathologic and biological mechanisms behind the function of ferroptosis are not fully comprehended yet. Physical activity could affect lipid, amino acid, and iron metabolism to modulate ferroptosis. The aim of this study is to showcase the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to ferroptosis and discuss the role of aging and physical activity in this phenomenon.
Introduction: Due to special condition of people with mental retardation and their need to have a... more Introduction: Due to special condition of people with mental retardation and their need to have an independent life, muscle strength, is very principal. Various studies have been reported sedentary life style is one of the main causes of physical weakness and health-related problems in these individuals. The purpose of this study was to comparison of hand and trunk muscles strength in athletes and non-athletes mental retarded students and healthy students. Materials and Methods: Sixty adolescent students (mean age ± SD, 16.58 ± 1.13 years) were randomly recruited in this study. This sample is included thirty mental retarded (mean IQ ± SD, 62.87 ± 5.15) and thirty healthy age matched students. They were divided into four groups: Non-Active adolescent with Mental retardation (MR), Active adolescent with mental retardation (AMR), Non-active Healthy adolescent (HA) and Active healthy adolescent (AHA). The inclusion criteria for mental retardation were IQ between 50 and 70 and for being ...
Introduction & Objective: Heat shock proteins help the cells' ability to keep their struc... more Introduction & Objective: Heat shock proteins help the cells' ability to keep their structures against different stresses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of one ses-sion continuous and intermittent aerobic exercise on blood responses of HSP72, cortisol and creatine kinase (CK). Materials & Methods: This study is semi-experimental in which 21 male student athletes were divided in continuous group (n=7), intermittent group (n=7) and control group (n=7). Exer-cise protocol of continuous group included 1 hour running with 80% maximum heart rate in-tensity and that of intermittent group was 3 stages of 20 minute running with the same inten-sity as of continuous group . Blood sampling of basal, pre exercise, immediately after exer-cise and 90 minutes after exercise were gathered and the amounts of HSP72, cortisol and CK, were measured by ELISA, RIA and Enzymatic methods respectively. The data was analyzed with one way ANOVA and repeated measure analysis of variance at P?0.05 significance level. Results: HSP72 levels in the continuous group and intermittent group despite an increase in the average did not show a statistically significant difference. Changes between the groups were significant in immediately after exercise and 90 minutes after exercise (P.values respectively 0.017 and 0.002). CK changes in continuous group were significant but cortisol changes in different stages hadn't significant difference. Conclusion: Exercise with its role associated with cortisol and CK will stimulate HSP72 and continuous exercise will make further increase in HSP72 and CK increasing leads to a greater HSP72 response.
Hemorheology is a branch of biology, the science of deformation and blood flow against force and ... more Hemorheology is a branch of biology, the science of deformation and blood flow against force and the pressures being on it. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute high intensity interval exercise of judo (SJFT) on blood rheology response factors in trained judokas. For this, 12 judoka with at least two years of regular training voluntarily participated in this study. All subjects performed Special judo fitness test (SJFT) and blood samples collected before, immediately after and a half hours after the test. The results showed that plasma volume and red blood cell count was significantly decreased immediately after exercise (p<0.05), and the number of white blood cells, platelets and hematocrit were significantly increased after protocol (p <0.05). But all variables fall to primary level half an hour after protocol except white blood cells. The current study showed that the interval intense activity of judo can make an effective response in blood rheolog...
Introduction & Objective: The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important regul... more Introduction & Objective: The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important regula-tor of fibrinolysis at sites of vascular injury and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombosis at the arterial sites. The aim of this study was to examine the effect one month aerobic exercise and vitamin E consumption on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Materials & Methods: In this quasi experimental study thirty inactive healthy collegiate fe-males voluntarily participated in the study and were randomly divided into three groups: training with vitamin (endurance training accompanied by 400 IU/day vitamin E), vitamin (400 IU/day vitamin E) and control (No vitamin and no exercise training). Endurance train-ing included 4 weeks of running on treadmill, 3 days a week. The duration and intensity of exercise in each session for the first week was 30 minutes at 65% of maximum heart rat and for the three remaining weeks were increased by 5 min and 5%, respectively. Two blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after training for measuring PAI-1 antigen. Results: Data analysis revealed that PAI-1 antigen increased in control group significantly (P≤0.05), while PAI-1 decreases and increases in training with vitamin, and vitamin groups, respectively were not statistically significant. Changes in PAI-1 were significantly different among the three groups (P≤0.05), but using analysis of covariance it was revealed that these differences were due to differences in resting levels of PAI-1. Conclusion: Based on the findings of present study, it could be concluded that short-term regular training combined with vitamin E consumption and chronic vitamin E consumption singly result in improvements in fibrinolytic system due to decrease or prevention of PAI-1 antigen.
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Papers by Sajad Karami
research suggests that these three types of cell death are interconnected, giving rise to a new concept called PANoptosis.
PANoptosis has been linked to various diseases, making it crucial to comprehend its mechanism for effective treatments.
PANoptosis is controlled by upstream receptors and molecular signals, which form polymeric complexes known as PANoptosomes. Cell death combines necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis and cannot be fully explained by any of these processes
alone. Understanding pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis is essential for understanding PANoptosis. Physical exercise
has been shown to suppress pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling pathways by reducing inflammatory factors,
proapoptotic factors, and necroptotic factors such as caspases and TNF-alpha. This ultimately leads to a decrease in cardiac
structural remodeling. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be attributed to its ability to inhibit
these cell death pathways.
including coagulation, oxidative metabolism, and hormone production. The maintenance of copper homeostasis within
cells is a complex procedure that is intrinsically controlled by a multitude of intricate mechanisms. Disorders of copper
homeostasis encompass a wide range of pathological conditions, including degenerative neurological diseases, metabolic
disorders, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and tumors. Cuproptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic mode of cell death
mode, is characterized by copper dependence and the regulation of mitochondrial respiration. Cuproptosis represents a novel
form of cell death distinct from the previously described modes, including apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis.
Excess copper has been shown to induce cuproptosis by stimulating protein toxic stress responses via copper-dependent
abnormal oligomerization of lipoylation proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the subsequent reduction of ironsulfur cluster protein levels. Ferredoxin1 facilitates the lipoacylation of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, which in turn degrades
iron-sulfur cluster proteins by reducing Cu2+ to Cu+, thereby inducing cell death. Furthermore, copper homeostasis is
regulated by the copper transporter, and disturbances in this homeostasis result in cuproptosis. Current evidence suggests
that cuproptosis plays an important role in the onset and development of several cardiovascular diseases. Copper-chelating
agents, including ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (VI) and DL-penicillamine, have been shown to facilitate the alleviation of
cardiovascular disease by inhibiting cuproptosis. It is hypothesized that oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors such as physical
training may inhibit cuproptosis by inhibiting the protein stress response. In conclusion, the implementation of physical
training may be a viable strategy to reducte the incidence of cuproptosis.
research suggests that these three types of cell death are interconnected, giving rise to a new concept called PANoptosis.
PANoptosis has been linked to various diseases, making it crucial to comprehend its mechanism for effective treatments.
PANoptosis is controlled by upstream receptors and molecular signals, which form polymeric complexes known as PANoptosomes. Cell death combines necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis and cannot be fully explained by any of these processes
alone. Understanding pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis is essential for understanding PANoptosis. Physical exercise
has been shown to suppress pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling pathways by reducing inflammatory factors,
proapoptotic factors, and necroptotic factors such as caspases and TNF-alpha. This ultimately leads to a decrease in cardiac
structural remodeling. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be attributed to its ability to inhibit
these cell death pathways.
including coagulation, oxidative metabolism, and hormone production. The maintenance of copper homeostasis within
cells is a complex procedure that is intrinsically controlled by a multitude of intricate mechanisms. Disorders of copper
homeostasis encompass a wide range of pathological conditions, including degenerative neurological diseases, metabolic
disorders, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and tumors. Cuproptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic mode of cell death
mode, is characterized by copper dependence and the regulation of mitochondrial respiration. Cuproptosis represents a novel
form of cell death distinct from the previously described modes, including apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis.
Excess copper has been shown to induce cuproptosis by stimulating protein toxic stress responses via copper-dependent
abnormal oligomerization of lipoylation proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the subsequent reduction of ironsulfur cluster protein levels. Ferredoxin1 facilitates the lipoacylation of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, which in turn degrades
iron-sulfur cluster proteins by reducing Cu2+ to Cu+, thereby inducing cell death. Furthermore, copper homeostasis is
regulated by the copper transporter, and disturbances in this homeostasis result in cuproptosis. Current evidence suggests
that cuproptosis plays an important role in the onset and development of several cardiovascular diseases. Copper-chelating
agents, including ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (VI) and DL-penicillamine, have been shown to facilitate the alleviation of
cardiovascular disease by inhibiting cuproptosis. It is hypothesized that oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors such as physical
training may inhibit cuproptosis by inhibiting the protein stress response. In conclusion, the implementation of physical
training may be a viable strategy to reducte the incidence of cuproptosis.