Asnfl n Pi

{{Gar amla}}
[[Afaylu:Pi-unrolled_slow.gif|thumb|330px|mk iga ukdu n tẓayṛt 1 hat qad igdu usuty nns π.]]
'''Pi''' iga yan [[Amḍan|umḍan]] nna nttara s [[askkil agriki|uskkil agriki]] ittyiɣrin s ɣmkad nik : [[π]]. d assaɣ imzgi gr usuty n yat [[Taẓayṛt|tẓayṛt]] d [[Akdu|ukdu]] nns ɣ yan ugwni uklid. nɣiy ula ad tt nsnml s mas iga assaɣ gr [[Tajumma|tjumma]] n yat tẓayṛt d [[Amkkuẓ|umkkuẓ]] n [[Aznẓar|uznẓar]] nns. 

[[Azal yaẓn|Azal nns yaẓn]] s uwnul s wattayn n 0,5×10<sup>-15</sup> iga t 3,141 592 653 589 793 s [[wp/tzm/tirra timrawanin|tirra timrawanin]].

da ittusmras π g kigan n tnfalitin n [[wp/tzm/tafizikt|tfizikt]], [[wp/tzm/tajnyuṛt|tajnyuṛt]], d awd tusnakt, ig yan sg imzgitn ilan tawuri iggutn g [[wp/tzm/tusnakt|tusnakt]].

amḍan π d [[wp/tzm/arẓuṛan|arẓuṛan]], zɛma ur nẓḍaṛ ad t nsnfali s wassaɣ gr sin [[wp/tzm/imḍann ummidn|imḍann ummidn]] ; aya da issuɣun mas ur midnt tirra nns wala gant timrawanin, wala tiwalanin. iga awd [[wp/tzm/amdan amyuran|amḍan amyuṛan]], mɛna ur tlli awd yat [[wp/tzm/tagtfult|tgtfult]] taramyant (ur tgdi 0) mm imskarn ummidn mi iga π [[wp/tzm/aẓuṛ|aẓuṛ]].

iga asuttu n yan wazal yaẓn wala inɣdn n π, d urmas n ugama nns idsn imsarasn issn [[wp/tzm/amzruy n tusnakt|umzruy n tusnakt]] ; iḍiṣ iskr umḍan ad yujja t ad yadf ɣr tdlsa taɣrfant.

ur d yuman ussmrs n uskkil agriki π, askkil amzwaru n « περίμετρος » - [[wp/tzm/azzikit|azzikit]] s tgrikit -, ar tasut tiss XVIII. g ma ayd izrin, da ittusnfali s mnnaw n tnfalitin amm « imzgi n tẓayṛt » nɣ amnaway nns g tutlayin myallanin.

== Isnmal ==

* π: iga-t g tusnakt yan umḍan amilaw (réel) nna igdan asutey (circonférence) n yat tewrerrayt (cercle) mi iga uẓenẓar (rayon) 0,5 (s wawal-yaḍen: mi tegda tubdist (diagonale) 1).
* Amḍan π ur igi amḍan ameɣẓan (nombre rationnel), s wawal-yaḍen, ur nufi ad t-nara s wassaɣ (rapport) n sin imḍanen imassaɣen (relatifs) (a/b aked (a;b) € Z×Z*).
* Da wala ittufka i umḍan π yan wazal yaẓen (valeur approchée) s uwnul (défaut), ad t-igan d 3,14 aha da as-ittufka yan wazal-yaḍen yaẓen illan s talɣa n umḍan ameɣẓan ad t-igan d 22/7 (π≈3,14, π≈22/7).
* Seg zik lḥal, ferken imassanen n tusnakt s tilawt n umḍan π meqqar ur ssinen azal as-yaẓen s tneɣda imeqquren. Ibabiliyen s umedya, attayen n 4000 n iseggʷasen aya, ssnen mas iga wassaɣ ger usutey n tewrerrayt d tubdist nns yan umḍan imezgi (ur da ittrnfal ayenna ira ig-t uẓenẓar n tewrerrayt). Fkan-as imassanen n tallit-nna azal yaẓen i wassaɣ-a, ad t-igan d 25/8 ayenna yakkan 3,125. G tallit-a nit, mmwaten imassanen ad fken yan wazal yaẓen i π, ssmersen iqibṭiyen s umedya azal 256/81 nna yakkan  3,16. Maca azalen-a-akk° ttusɣeẓnen s waram (expérience).
* Amusnakt Arcimid, iddren g Syracuse, ayd izwaren is isseɣẓen, g 250 dat tlalit n Yizus, tinfaliyin n tewrerrayt d mas d timezgit igan yat ad aha ittumanen g usiḍen n usutey d tjumma n tewrerrayt. Iɣḍef altu mas da tettili tewrerrayt ger sin igetdisen (polygones), yan agensu d yan beṛṛa n tewrerrayt. Iddeɣ as-inzel (facile)ad issiḍen asutey n ugetdis, inzel-as ad isseɣẓen mas tella π ger 223/71 d 22/7, ayenna yakkan mas tella ger 3,1408 d 3,1429. Ikka lḥal 1600 n iseggʷasen afad ad ttyifin 10 n inemrawen yaḍen (izwilen illan ḍart ticcert).
* Ffɣen imassanen s wis ur issefki ad ittyiri π s talɣa n wassaɣ n sin imḍanen imassaɣen (a/b), maca yufa umassan ahindi Madhava n Sangamagrama mas da ittyiri π s talɣa n yan useddi n wurriẓen (4/1)-(4/3)+(4/5)-(4/7)+(4/9)... maca aseddi-a da ittiri kigan n tizi d tsiḍan afad ad tafed yan wazal unɣid, yuweḍ umassan-a ar 11 n inemrawen ḍart ticcert (virgule), ḍart yan mnnaw n iseggʷasen yufa yan umassan afarsi 16. ɣi, llant kigan n tenfaliyin ittawsen g ussiḍen n wazal yaẓen n π, s tneɣda ixatren uggar, s yan useddi idrusen uggar n yirmawen...

== Azal yaẓn ==
yan sg wazaln yaẓn n umḍan π :

3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348253421170679 8214808651328230664709384460955058223172535940812848111745028410270193852110555964462294895493038196 4428810975665933446128475648233786783165271201909145648566923460348610454326648213393607260249141273 7245870066063155881748815209209628292540917153643678925903600113305305488204665213841469519415116094 3305727036575959195309218611738193261179310511854807446237996274956735188575272489122793818301194912 9833673362440656643086021394946395224737190702179860943702770539217176293176752384674818467669405132 0005681271452635608277857713427577896091736371787214684409012249534301465495853710507922796892589235 4201995611212902196086403441815981362977477130996051870721134999999837297804995105973173281609631859 5024459455346908302642522308253344685035261931188171010003137838752886587533208381420617177669147303 15982534904287554687311595628638823537875937519577818577805321712268066130019278766111959092164201989

== Isaɣuln ==
<references />{{Aggur:Tusnakt/Tin imgradn}}
[[Taggayt:Tusnakt]]
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