INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT , 2022
Background: Selenium is of fundamental importance to health, being an essential trace element inv... more Background: Selenium is of fundamental importance to health, being an essential trace element involved in many immunological, endocrine, and antioxidant pathways. Its deficiency is associated with growth failure, poor immune function, cognitive decline and increased risk of morbidity and mortality especially among school aged children. The study aims at determining the serum level of selenium among primary school pupils in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area and its correlations with their socioeconomic characteristics and the anthropometric indices. Method: Children aged 6 to 12 years old were recruited from registered public and private primary schools. A semi-structured questionnaire designed for the study was used to obtain relevant data. Serum selenium levels was estimated using Human Selenium Binding Protein. Chi-square test of independence was used to examine the association between selenium levels and each of socio-demographic variables and anthropometric indices while Pearson moment correlation was used to determine the correlation between selenium levels and socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric indices of the study population. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 8.35 ± 1.61 years. Majority (86.7%) of the subjects were from middle and high socioeconomic classes. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, overweight and obesity was found to be 8.8%, 4.3%, 1.8% and 2.0% respectively. The mean serum selenium concentration was 0.51 ± 0.30ng/ml while mean serum albumin was 40.4 ± 8.13 g/l. Selenium deficiency was 36.5% and low serum protein and albumin was found in 15.1% and 27% of the study population respectively. Serum selenium level was significantly associated with age, family size and gender. There was a negative correlation between age group, family size and serum selenium levels while a positive correlation exist between socioeconomic class and selenium levels. Weight-for age and height-forage has a positive correlation with selenium levels while stunting and selenium levels were negatively correlated. Conclusion: Prevalence of selenium deficiency is high among subjects and it is an important public health challenge in the country. Socio-demographic characteristics like age, family size, gender and socioeconomic class are significantly associated with selenium status of the school children. Selenium deficiency was significantly related to the nutritional status of the study population.
Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences ¦ Volume 11 ¦ Issue 1 ¦ J, 2023
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a disfiguring infective skin lesion caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. If unt... more Buruli ulcer (BU) is a disfiguring infective skin lesion caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. If untreated, BU may lead to extensive soft-tissue loss and other complications. The objective of this study is to highlight the challenges encountered in the diagnosis and management of a patient with BU in our hospital. The patient is a 5-year-old boy who presented with an extensive nonhealing ulcer, knee deformity, and fever. He was initially managed as a case of nonspecific ulcer. A recurrence of the ulcer with loss of part of the skin grafts a week after discharge led to the clinical suspicion of BU which was confirmed using microscopy. In South Western Nigeria, the major constraint in the management of BU includes underdiagnosing of the disease because it is not often screened for due to absence or insufficient standard diagnostic instruments dedicated for that purpose.
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2023 Jan, Vol-17(1): SC10-SC15, 2023
Introduction: Cerebral Malaria (CM) is a severe manifestation of malaria and commonly causes poor... more Introduction: Cerebral Malaria (CM) is a severe manifestation of malaria and commonly causes poor outcomes. It affects upto one million people per year worldwide predominantly sub-Saharan African children. It is clinically expedient that, children with CM are identified promptly and easily to halt fatal outcomes. Aim: To evaluate bedside prognostic indicators of poor outcome among children with CM. Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria among children diagnosed with CM from February 2018 to September 2018. Fifty children with age range of six months to 12 years were included in the study. Outcome indicators were full recovery, alive with neurological sequelae and death. Nine of the identified clinical factors demonstrable on bedside were assigned score of 1 each and each score summated to form Bedside Prognostic Index (BPI). The median BPI Score ≥4 indicated fatal outcome. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve validated the predictive ability of the BPI score on clinical outcomes. Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of total 50 children, 30 (60%) recovered fully, 11 (22%) participants had neurological deficit(s) and 9 (18%) participants died. The median BPI score among completely recovered, survived with neurological deficit(s) and died was 8, 6 and 4, respectively. BPI score ≥4 was an independent predictor of fatal outcome {Odd’s Ratio (OR)=7.875, p-value=0.013, Confidence Interval (CI)=1.547-40.091} with sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 76.67%, respectively. The ROC of the predictive ability of BPI on clinical outcomes was 80.2%. Conclusion: Poor outcome was significantly associated with BPI of ≥4 in children with CM. The use of this scoring index should be encouraged to promptly manage children with CM at risk of poor outcome
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2019
Background: Neonates are among the most transfused patients in the hospital due to the reduced ma... more Background: Neonates are among the most transfused patients in the hospital due to the reduced marrow activity in the neonatal period and common illnesses in the newborn that can be associated with haemolysis or blood loss resulting into anaemia. In spite of the huge need for the use of blood products among the newborns, there is paucity of local data on neonatal blood transfusion and the adherence to transfusion guidelines in Nigeria. Objective: To determine the pattern, indications and immediate outcome of blood transfusion in the special care baby unit (SCBU) of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Newborn babies who required blood transfusions between February 2012 and December 2016, were retrospectively studied. The gestational age, birth weight, sex, clinical conditions, indications for transfusion, type of blood product transfused, and the outcome were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics. Results: A total of 905 ...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT , 2022
Background: Selenium is of fundamental importance to health, being an essential trace element inv... more Background: Selenium is of fundamental importance to health, being an essential trace element involved in many immunological, endocrine, and antioxidant pathways. Its deficiency is associated with growth failure, poor immune function, cognitive decline and increased risk of morbidity and mortality especially among school aged children. The study aims at determining the serum level of selenium among primary school pupils in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area and its correlations with their socioeconomic characteristics and the anthropometric indices. Method: Children aged 6 to 12 years old were recruited from registered public and private primary schools. A semi-structured questionnaire designed for the study was used to obtain relevant data. Serum selenium levels was estimated using Human Selenium Binding Protein. Chi-square test of independence was used to examine the association between selenium levels and each of socio-demographic variables and anthropometric indices while Pearson moment correlation was used to determine the correlation between selenium levels and socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric indices of the study population. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 8.35 ± 1.61 years. Majority (86.7%) of the subjects were from middle and high socioeconomic classes. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, overweight and obesity was found to be 8.8%, 4.3%, 1.8% and 2.0% respectively. The mean serum selenium concentration was 0.51 ± 0.30ng/ml while mean serum albumin was 40.4 ± 8.13 g/l. Selenium deficiency was 36.5% and low serum protein and albumin was found in 15.1% and 27% of the study population respectively. Serum selenium level was significantly associated with age, family size and gender. There was a negative correlation between age group, family size and serum selenium levels while a positive correlation exist between socioeconomic class and selenium levels. Weight-for age and height-forage has a positive correlation with selenium levels while stunting and selenium levels were negatively correlated. Conclusion: Prevalence of selenium deficiency is high among subjects and it is an important public health challenge in the country. Socio-demographic characteristics like age, family size, gender and socioeconomic class are significantly associated with selenium status of the school children. Selenium deficiency was significantly related to the nutritional status of the study population.
Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences ¦ Volume 11 ¦ Issue 1 ¦ J, 2023
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a disfiguring infective skin lesion caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. If unt... more Buruli ulcer (BU) is a disfiguring infective skin lesion caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. If untreated, BU may lead to extensive soft-tissue loss and other complications. The objective of this study is to highlight the challenges encountered in the diagnosis and management of a patient with BU in our hospital. The patient is a 5-year-old boy who presented with an extensive nonhealing ulcer, knee deformity, and fever. He was initially managed as a case of nonspecific ulcer. A recurrence of the ulcer with loss of part of the skin grafts a week after discharge led to the clinical suspicion of BU which was confirmed using microscopy. In South Western Nigeria, the major constraint in the management of BU includes underdiagnosing of the disease because it is not often screened for due to absence or insufficient standard diagnostic instruments dedicated for that purpose.
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2023 Jan, Vol-17(1): SC10-SC15, 2023
Introduction: Cerebral Malaria (CM) is a severe manifestation of malaria and commonly causes poor... more Introduction: Cerebral Malaria (CM) is a severe manifestation of malaria and commonly causes poor outcomes. It affects upto one million people per year worldwide predominantly sub-Saharan African children. It is clinically expedient that, children with CM are identified promptly and easily to halt fatal outcomes. Aim: To evaluate bedside prognostic indicators of poor outcome among children with CM. Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria among children diagnosed with CM from February 2018 to September 2018. Fifty children with age range of six months to 12 years were included in the study. Outcome indicators were full recovery, alive with neurological sequelae and death. Nine of the identified clinical factors demonstrable on bedside were assigned score of 1 each and each score summated to form Bedside Prognostic Index (BPI). The median BPI Score ≥4 indicated fatal outcome. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve validated the predictive ability of the BPI score on clinical outcomes. Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of total 50 children, 30 (60%) recovered fully, 11 (22%) participants had neurological deficit(s) and 9 (18%) participants died. The median BPI score among completely recovered, survived with neurological deficit(s) and died was 8, 6 and 4, respectively. BPI score ≥4 was an independent predictor of fatal outcome {Odd’s Ratio (OR)=7.875, p-value=0.013, Confidence Interval (CI)=1.547-40.091} with sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 76.67%, respectively. The ROC of the predictive ability of BPI on clinical outcomes was 80.2%. Conclusion: Poor outcome was significantly associated with BPI of ≥4 in children with CM. The use of this scoring index should be encouraged to promptly manage children with CM at risk of poor outcome
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2019
Background: Neonates are among the most transfused patients in the hospital due to the reduced ma... more Background: Neonates are among the most transfused patients in the hospital due to the reduced marrow activity in the neonatal period and common illnesses in the newborn that can be associated with haemolysis or blood loss resulting into anaemia. In spite of the huge need for the use of blood products among the newborns, there is paucity of local data on neonatal blood transfusion and the adherence to transfusion guidelines in Nigeria. Objective: To determine the pattern, indications and immediate outcome of blood transfusion in the special care baby unit (SCBU) of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Newborn babies who required blood transfusions between February 2012 and December 2016, were retrospectively studied. The gestational age, birth weight, sex, clinical conditions, indications for transfusion, type of blood product transfused, and the outcome were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics. Results: A total of 905 ...
Uploads
Papers by Ayobami O Y E T U N J I ALABI
Aim: To evaluate bedside prognostic indicators of poor outcome among children with CM.
Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria among children diagnosed with CM from February 2018 to September 2018. Fifty children with age range of six months to 12 years were included in the study. Outcome indicators were full recovery, alive with neurological sequelae and death. Nine of the identified clinical factors demonstrable on bedside were assigned score of 1 each and each score summated to form Bedside Prognostic Index (BPI). The median BPI Score ≥4 indicated fatal outcome. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve validated the predictive ability of the BPI score on clinical outcomes. Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Out of total 50 children, 30 (60%) recovered fully, 11 (22%) participants had neurological deficit(s) and 9 (18%) participants died. The median BPI score among completely recovered, survived with neurological deficit(s) and died was 8, 6 and 4, respectively. BPI score ≥4 was an independent predictor of fatal outcome {Odd’s Ratio (OR)=7.875, p-value=0.013, Confidence Interval (CI)=1.547-40.091} with sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 76.67%, respectively. The ROC of the predictive ability of BPI on clinical outcomes was 80.2%.
Conclusion: Poor outcome was significantly associated with BPI of ≥4 in children with CM. The use of this scoring index should be encouraged to promptly manage children with CM at risk of poor outcome
Aim: To evaluate bedside prognostic indicators of poor outcome among children with CM.
Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria among children diagnosed with CM from February 2018 to September 2018. Fifty children with age range of six months to 12 years were included in the study. Outcome indicators were full recovery, alive with neurological sequelae and death. Nine of the identified clinical factors demonstrable on bedside were assigned score of 1 each and each score summated to form Bedside Prognostic Index (BPI). The median BPI Score ≥4 indicated fatal outcome. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve validated the predictive ability of the BPI score on clinical outcomes. Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Out of total 50 children, 30 (60%) recovered fully, 11 (22%) participants had neurological deficit(s) and 9 (18%) participants died. The median BPI score among completely recovered, survived with neurological deficit(s) and died was 8, 6 and 4, respectively. BPI score ≥4 was an independent predictor of fatal outcome {Odd’s Ratio (OR)=7.875, p-value=0.013, Confidence Interval (CI)=1.547-40.091} with sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 76.67%, respectively. The ROC of the predictive ability of BPI on clinical outcomes was 80.2%.
Conclusion: Poor outcome was significantly associated with BPI of ≥4 in children with CM. The use of this scoring index should be encouraged to promptly manage children with CM at risk of poor outcome