Hurricane Maria
| Category 5 major hurricane (SSHWS/NWS) | |
 Hurricane Maria near peak intensity to the southeast of Puerto Rico on September 19 | |
| Formed | September 16, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Dissipated | October 2, 2017 |
| (Extratropical after September 30) | |
| Highest winds | 1-minute sustained: 175 mph (280 km/h) |
| Lowest pressure | 908 mbar (hPa); 26.81 inHg |
| Fatalities | 3,059 total |
| Damage | $91.61 billion (2017 USD) (Third-costliest tropical cyclone on record; costliest in Puerto Rican history) |
| Areas affected | Lesser Antilles (especially Dominica and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Southeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic states |
| Part of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season | |
Hurricane Maria was a hurricane of notable status that began in the Atlantic Ocean. It was part of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. The most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017. Maria was the 13th named storm and 8th hurricane of the season.
Originated from easterly waves off the west coast of Africa. Maria became a tropical storm east of the Lesser Antilles on September 16 and quickly intensified to Category 5 before making landfall in Dominica on September 18.
The World Meteorological Organization retired the Maria name in April 2018, replacing it with Margot for the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season, due to the large number of deaths and destruction in Puerto Rico.
Meteorological history
[change | change source]
On September 12, originated from a tropical wave that left the west coast of Africa. It then began to develop and become more organized moving westward.[1] On September 16, it became a tropical depression and was 580 miles (930 km) east of Barbados. The storm quickly became more tropical. It became a tropical storm the same day in 84 °F (29 °C) waters, in favorable conditions of the 80 °F (26.5 °C) that tropical storms usually require.[1]
After becoming a tropical storm, it had an eye, a clear opening at the center of the storm. 6 hours later since becoming a tropical storm, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) named it Tropical Storm Maria.[2] On September 17, Maria turned to move west-northwest and quickly becomes a Category 1 hurricane. In just 12 hours, it became a Category 5 hurricane with maximum winds of 160 mph (260 km/h)[3] on September 18.
"Reports from an Air Force Reserve Hurricane Hunter aircraft indicate that Maria is undergoing rapid intensification".[4]
— NHC weather forecaster
On the evening of September 19, Maria landed in Dominica and other islands in the Lesser Antilles.[5] Continues to move west-northwestward and into the northeastern Caribbean Sea.[1] Maria weakened slightly to a Category 4 hurricane due to land interaction with Dominica, but soon re-strengthened to a Category 5 hurricane, reaching peak intensity with winds of 175 mph (280 km/h).[6]
Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico on September 20, and the eye of the wind increased significantly before making landfall on the island, resulting in a slightly weakened Category 4 hurricane with maximum winds of 155 mph (250 km/h)[7]
On September 22, Hurricane Maria began to weaken because as wind shear began to erode it.[8] Continues to move north-northwest and the northeast of the Turks and Caicos Islands with maximum winds of 126 mph (203 km/h).[1]
On September 25, Maria continues to weaken as it moves along the southeast coast of the United States.[9]
On September 27, Maria weakened to Category 1 with maximum winds of 75 mph (120 km/h), its center moved onto the coast of North Carolina, a few miles southeast of Cape Hatteras,[1] weakened to a tropical storm the following day.[10] Finally, Maria moved rapidly east-northwestward as an extratropical cyclone on September 30, then dissipated in the North Atlantic Ocean 3 days later.[1]
Preparations and impact
[change | change source]On the morning of September 16, the National Hurricane Center issued its first warning that the system would become Tropical Storm Maria. Following the warnings, the government of France, Saint Lucia, and Barbados prepared for the storm.[11]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Richard J. Pasch; Andrew B. Penny; Robbie Berg (5 April 2018). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Maria (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
- ↑ "Se forma en el Caribe la tormenta tropical María". www.efe.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-02-11.
- ↑ "Hurricane Maria Advisory Number 12". NOAA. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "Hurricane Maria Discussion Number 9". NOAA. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "María "devasta" a Dominica como huracán de categoría 5 en su camino hacia Puerto Rico". BBC News Mundo (in Spanish). 2017-09-18. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "Hurricane Maria Discussion Number 12". NOAA. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "Hurricane Maria Discussion Number 17". NOAA. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "Hurricane Maria Discussion Number 27". Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "Hurricane Maria Discussion Number 37". NOAA. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "Tropical Storm MARIA". NOAA. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
- ↑ "Potential Tropical Cyclone FIFTEEN". NOAA. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
