Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:Indian Premier League (IPL) is an Indian professional T20 league which has been played... more Background:Indian Premier League (IPL) is an Indian professional T20 league which has been played for the past 12 years. A huge amount of data is gathered and mined every year which could lead us to some interesting and hidden facts about factors which are responsible for a team to win the IPL trophy.Although the current form of athletes and team combinations play a key role in helping any team emerge victorious in IPL, this research analyzed a new parameter "Total Distance travelled by teams" and its effect on the Number of Home and Away wins.Methods: For five IPL seasons from 2015 to 2019 data was obtained regarding the miles every team clocked and their number of home and away wins.Conclusion:This study has shown that interstate travel by IPL teams during group stages of the tournament had adverse effects on their Total Number of Home and Away wins.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:This Research paper tells us about how effective a role Top 3 batsman plays in competi... more Background:This Research paper tells us about how effective a role Top 3 batsman plays in competitive cricket. Cricket has become one of the majorly-watched sport across the globe in recent years. Over the years the game of cricket has evolved drastically with changes in formats and also playing style and strategy. Winning a game of cricket depends on many factors like winning the toss, home advantage, player combination, team composition and, individuals' performance, this research paper takes into consideration the impact of the top 3 batsmen helping a team to score a big total (runs) in ODIs.Methods: The teams that have been selected for the study are the current top 5 ranked teams in ICC's latest ODI Rankings-England, India, New Zealand, South Africa and Australia ranked 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively, the number of times they have scored more than 300 runs and the contribution of Top 3 Batsman's.Conclusion. The study will act as valuable aid and help the team management to select the right combination of players at Top 3 in the playing XI to win the match. The contribution of Top 3 Batsman's had an impact on the match result, researchers have found that when team scoring more than 300, their team has won the match 80.7% of times.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background: The relationship between athletic peak performance and psychological training is well... more Background: The relationship between athletic peak performance and psychological training is well studied in various literatures on sports psychology. Insufficient awareness of the practical application of psychological skills training to athletes may not effective in handling psychological barriers. Methods: To encourage the benefit of sports players, a study may consist of all possible aspects of evaluation and a unique approach to address the psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, etc. The purpose of this article is to fill the gap in the field of sport psychology and to meet the demand of sports players. This presented guidelines and suggestions could be useful for the researchers to import knowledge of psychological skill training to improve the mental skills of adolescent footballers. Conclusion: The practical application involves a systematic approach applied in a progressive manner in terms of the type of skills, volume of training, working intensity, specific need, and its recovery pattern.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:Broadcast of women's sports plays a huge role in changing norms and stereotypes relate... more Background:Broadcast of women's sports plays a huge role in changing norms and stereotypes related to gender discrimination. The female athletes face circumstances wherein they have to tackle serious imbalances in sports broadcasts in the country.Methods: The study examines the change of women's sports broadcast through the use of questionnaires and interpreting them using the Chi-square test. The survey collected over 70 responses. It attempts to understand the increase or decrease of women's sports broadcasting and what are the scenarios that took place in various countries concerning women's sports broadcasts. The results showed the various responses to questions like how often do people watch women's sports to which 44% responded rarely.Conclusion: Interestingly, more than 89% of the people think that they believe women's sports are not getting sufficient coverage in India. Based on the responses collected, the general public believes that there has been an increase in the broadcast of women's sports in the last 10 years.
Background: The tourism industry needs a very minimal introduction pertaining to the growing popu... more Background: The tourism industry needs a very minimal introduction pertaining to the growing popularity and changing lifestyle of the people. It has boomed to the extent that most of the demographics of countries are now dependent on tourism. Sports tourism is one such part of tourism which is considered to be a niche sector, but with high potential and increased sports consumption, it is now recognized as a major growth sector in the sports industry. The objective of this paper is to understand the nuances of tourism especially inclined towards sports. The research has a greater inclination towards a very niche segment of sports tourism which is cricket tourism. With a growing number of events and people willing to travel across countries to support their favorites team or player has led to increased attention towards this sector with specialized sports tourism packages made for international world events. Cricket tourism which is at a very nascent stage but yet again has growth potential with the game being now played across a lot of countries. Methods: To generate information secondary data collection was used and facts and figures were studied to better understand the situation of cricket tourism and assess what IPL has brought to the table for the sports tourism Industr y.Conclusion: The paper focuses on Indian premier league a very prominent league structure in cricket and tries to understand how IPL helped fuel in the sports tourism growth with leanings for other emerging leagues in India. With thorough research on Indian premier league, a prominent league played in India the paper tries to throw light up upon its success and how it can help the other Indian leagues foster immaculate success following the footsteps of the IPL.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:In test cricket, most of the matches are one-sided and less competitive due to several... more Background:In test cricket, most of the matches are one-sided and less competitive due to several reasons. One of the major factors is the proportion of the luck component involved in this format of the game. The aim of this study was to examine how home advantage and winning the coin toss, which are non-performance-oriented factors, impact the final result of international test cricket matches.Methods: The sample for the study consisted of 680 international test matches played between the period of 1 st January 2001 and 31 st March 2020 amongst the top eight test teams, which were examined using descriptive statistics to investigate different team's win percentages when the odds were in their favour and when the odds were against them. Statistical program SPSS and Microsoft Excel were used to carry out the chi-square test of independence and the post-hoc test respectively for each team separately to check the significance of the impact of the venue and toss on the match result.Conclusion:The results indicated that home advantage has a significant impact on the outcome of a test match but toss does not give any considerable edge to the team winning it. From the results, it appears test cricket is driven with both luck as well as performance-oriented elements.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:Dropout in sports has always been an imperative issue in our country. This research ai... more Background:Dropout in sports has always been an imperative issue in our country. This research aimed to find what reasons motivated young athletes to dropout in sports. The participants of this research have played either in the district, state, or national tournaments at some point in their careers. The age (25.87, ±1.055) group of the participants in this research is between 18 to 30years. The most important reasons that lead to dropping were found to be an influence of parents or friends, had commitments other than sports, did not get enough recognition, skills did not improve, not as good as wanted to be and did not receive enough awards. Whereas reasons like the relationship between coach, did not like to compete, wanted to play another sport, and did not like the pressure played no role at all for the athletes to dropout in sports.Methods:Athletes were asked to fill up a set of questionnaires with possible dropout reasons and rate them from one to five which they believe played an important role in dropping out of sports.Conclusion:The data indicates that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors had an influence on an athlete to drop out. Reasons such as had other things to do, friends and parents no longer wanted me to compete, my skills did not improve, did not get enough recognition, did not receive enough awards and not as good as wanted to be are the foremost reasons for dropout. It also indicates that non sport reasons also played a major role in athletes to dropout.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background: The emergence of the domestic franchise based leagues has changed the structure of In... more Background: The emergence of the domestic franchise based leagues has changed the structure of Indian sports and how people view them. Franchises in leagues like the Indian Premier League and Indian Super League have been successful in creating a massive fan following and are able to get them to fill in their stadiums match after match. Fans are one of the most important stakeholders when it comes to franchises/clubs/teams as they are an essential source of revenue for every club or team. The main purpose of this research was to try and understand the factors that influence an individual to identify themselves as a fan of a certain team in the Indian sports sector i.e. Indian Premier League.Methods: A total of 86 subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique. A questionnaire consisting of questions pertaining to fan loyalty was used for the data collection. The research conducted was only restricted to the IPL as it is the only league that has been in existence for more than 5 years.Results:It was observed that 26.2% of the respondents supported Mumbai Indians (MI) and 26.1 % supported Chennai Super Kings (CSK). On the other hand, least support was for Kings XI Punjab (KXIP) i.e 2.9% only.The results also indicated that 76.8% fans have been following teams since the inception of the franchise which would interest franchises in other leagues as capturing them early could lead to retention and less cost spent on acquiring new fans later on.Conclusion: Factors influencing fan loyalty such as celebrity involvement, team performance, in-stadia experience and Star players were identified. The fan sector in Indian Sports is in its nascent stages presently and it will help the franchises in generating a significant amount of revenue if they can convert individuals into fans.
Background:Over the years Cricket has evolved as the most popular sport in India. The inception o... more Background:Over the years Cricket has evolved as the most popular sport in India. The inception of T20 Cricket has dramatically increased the number of spectators in the game. Therewithal Indian Premier League (IPL) has become the most popular and richest cricket league in the world with brand value at $6.7 billion in 2019. The total viewership of IPL has reached to 462 million in the 2019 season.To investigate the impact of Indian Premier League (IPL) on Test Cricket in India. Methods: This article is an attempt to find out any influence of IPL on Test cricket, popularity, and the importance of both the formats of the game using a questionnaire for the collection of data. Conclusion:The results indicated that the high induction of money and involvement of glamour in IPL has adversely affected the popularity of Test cricket and skills execution in the game. Also, there is a need to form adequate policies for the sustainable development of Test cricket and its declining popularity.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:The objective of the study was to analyze the business of the Indian Premier League in... more Background:The objective of the study was to analyze the business of the Indian Premier League in every aspect and explain how different factors contribute to the development of this league. The paper also throws light on how franchises like Chennai Super Kings impact the overall business of Indian Premier League and vice versa. Methods: Sponsorships, broadcasting rights, individual team sponsors, ticketing sales, merchandising are the factors considered to study the Indian Premier League. Apart from this the MSD factor and the two-year ban are specifically considered to analyze the working of Chennai Super Kings as a franchise.Conclusion:The research indicates that a popular franchise like Chennai Super Kings has an effect on the performance of the Indian Premier League.
Background: Sport is covered with the messed up dreams of the individuals who faltered when they ... more Background: Sport is covered with the messed up dreams of the individuals who faltered when they generally should have been in charge of themselves and to be centered around the job needing to be done.The the study's main objective was to find out the difference between the psychological, physiological, and various psychomotor variables of pace and spin bowlers.To the best of the knowledge, none of the studies has dealt with the psycho-physiological, psychomotor, and psychological variables of bowlers in cricket.Methods:In psychological variables, it was emotional expressivity & state and trait anxiety scale; in physiological variables, it was heart rate & skin conductance; in psychomotor variables, it was reaction test, sustained attention, time movement anticipation, & sensomotor coordination (Vienna Test System.) and the bowling performance. Results:The studies results show that there was a significant difference in the three physiological variables of skin conductance, bowling performance, and heart rate; and the scores showed an upward trend for both the fast bowlers and spinners while facing three different kinds of batsmen(attacking, balance and defensive based on strike rate) while it was found that the mean scores of spinners were higher than pacers while facing attacking batsmen and balanced batsmen. In the psychomotor variables, only the Mean Motor Time was found to have significant difference and the spin bowlers had a higher mean than the pace bowlers. While there was no significant difference between the psychological variables of state and trait anxiety and Berkley's expressivity.Conclusion:This study may help coaches and trainees to train bowlers in the mental aspect as per the challenges of the game. When subjected to the simulated experimental protocol of super over, the spin bowlers compared to pace bowlers demonstrated more arousal while facing attacking batsmen followed by balanced and then defensive batsmen. How to cite this article: Mishra A, Acharya J, Bagchi A (2020): Analysis of psycho-phyiological and psychomotor ability in pace and spin bowlers in cricket, Ann Trop Med & Public Health; 23(S17): SP231760.
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2020
Background:This study was undertaken to develop a discriminant model for classifying cricketers b... more Background:This study was undertaken to develop a discriminant model for classifying cricketers based on selected anthropometric and physical variables.Methods: The sample was composed of 140 male cricketers (age: 24 ± 3.2) classified in two different groups (i.e. Batsmen n = 70 & Pace-Bowlers n = 70). A total of twelve variables (5 Anthropometric & 7 Physical Variables) were selected for the study.Results:The developed discriminant model for Batsmen & Pace-Bowlers have high log determinants. The developed discriminant function explains 53.14 % of the variation in the dependent variable by the discriminant model. The classification matrices developed by the model shows that overall 82.1 % of samples were correctly classified. Conclusion:The findings from this study indicate that pace-bowlers were found to be taller, have higher shoulder explosive strength and back strength than batsmen. Pace-bowlers require a higher level of fitness than batsmen. The effort that they put on a single delivery requires a higher level of strength in shoulder, leg and back muscles. Left-hand grip strength was much higher in batsmen than pace-bowlers; this may be due to the nature of the game as the top hand (left hand) is more dominating in batting (especially in vertical grounded strokes) than the bottom hand (right hand). How to cite this article: Bagchi A, Raizada S (2020): Development of the discriminant model for classifying criketers based on anthropometric and physical variable, Ann Trop Med & Public Health; 23(S17): SP231759.
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2019
Introduction: Cardiovascular endurance is the most important fitness component which shows the ef... more Introduction: Cardiovascular endurance is the most important fitness component which shows the efficiency of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen-rich blood to the working group of muscles. Improving the overall exercise capacity with cardiovascular endurance will increase life expectancy and significantly reduce the chances of several heart diseases. Correct measurement of such fitness component is very vital for all. Objective: To develop the norms for cardiovascular endurance test for Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years. Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has been done before for the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population. There is a paucity of literature on the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population. Materials and Method: For the purpose of the study a sample of 3845 male (19.97 ± 1.81 years) and 3393 female (20.11 ± 1.9 years) university students were selected for the study. Beep test was used for measuring cardiovascular endurance. Different statistical methods were opted for analysing the relationship between the variables, normalization and visualization of data and the development of norms. Results and Discussions: The results of the study shows that variables age and gender have a significant relationship with the results of the beep test. Although the R2 value is very less, the model developed by including both the variables was found to be significant. Norms were developed for the Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years. Applications: Norms are necessary to test, compare, analyze and evaluate one’s strengths and weaknesses. The norms will guide and direct the Indian youth about their cardiovascular fitness status. It will also help coaches and trainers to design a training plan accordingly. Conclusion: The developed norms for measuring cardiovascular endurance has a direct linear relationship with age and gender. Age has an inverse relationship with beep test performance. Due to the physiological differences, cardiovascular endurance for male participants was greater than the female participants. Keywords: Cardiovascular Endurance, Beep test, Age, Gender
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2019
Introduction: Pull-ups is one of the most popular and traditional exercises that involves one’s b... more Introduction: Pull-ups is one of the most popular and traditional exercises that involves one’s body weight which acts as a resistance against gravity. The exercise focuses mainly on upper back muscles (Latissimus Dorsi, Rhomboid), Posterior Deltoid and Biceps Brachii. Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effects of different hand positions (grips) on the Electromyographic (EMG) activity of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles during pullups. Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has analyzed the muscle activation of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles with the selected exercises. Materials and Method: Ten healthy men performed 1 repetition of six different grip pull-ups. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was recorded with the help of biograph infinity software (EMG). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. Results and Discussion: The results of the study shows that, in case of muscles activation in Biceps Brachii, all the exercises reveal significant differences with the Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups (SNG). Similarly, Prone Narrow Grip pull-ups showed a significant difference in Latissimus Dorsi with Prone wide Grip pull-ups and Prone Extreme wide Grip pull-ups, suggesting that other pull-ups exercises may be similarly effective in activating Latissimus Dorsi. Application: It will help the professional trainers and coaches to design a training schedule for all level of Athletes which may consist of different variations of pull-ups. Conclusion: Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups is the best exercise to activate the Biceps Brachii as compared to other pull-ups variations. Similarly, Prone Wide Grip pull-ups found to be a more effective exercise for the activation of upper back muscle - Latissimus Dorsi. Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Pull-Ups, Latissimus Dorsi and Biceps Brachii
The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model to predict the outcome of FIFA World Cup ... more The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model to predict the outcome of FIFA World Cup matches. It may help the team captain, coaches or managers to change the tactics accordingly for the second half of the match and it will also help coaches to prepare practice sessions according to this specificity and to be ready to control these variables in competition. statistical technique Binary Logistic regression was used to predict the outcome of a match (Win/Loss). The result indicates that the developed Logistic regression Model was significant. According to the statistical significance of the predictor variables, they were numerically weighted and can be used to predict the match outcome. The predictor variables such as half time score, attempts from free kick and shots taken were included in the prediction model with coefficient of determination (R2) of.223 (Cox & Snell) and .297 (Nagelkerke). The classification matrix shows that 69.6% of match results were correctly classified by the model.
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2017
Objective: To analyze the muscles activation of anterior and medial deltoid muscles while perform... more Objective: To analyze the muscles activation of anterior and medial deltoid muscles while performing two different grip variations in dumbbell shoulder press. Methodology: Ten healthy men volunteers (age = 20.9 ± 1.449 years) agreed to the test procedures and performed 5 repetitions of two different grip variation of dumbbell shoulder press. The exercises were Arnold Dumbbell Press (ADP) and Overhead Dumbbell Press (ODP). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used to record the muscles activation and for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. Results: Paired t – test was used to detect mean differences between the two variations of dumbbell shoulder press. It was found that Anterior and Medial Deltoid muscle was more active while performing ADP (AD-1346.4 ± 292.495; MD – 827.5 ± 146.426) as compare to ODP (AD - 1043.4 ± 141.299; MD – 725.4 ± 100.4). Also while performing both the exercises, the muscles activation of anterior deltoid was found to be much higher than Medial Deltoid. Conclusions: Arnold dumbbell press was more effective exercise for the activation of Anterior and Medial deltoid muscles as compare to the Overhead Dumbbell Press. Anterior deltoid acts as primary muscles while performing both the exercises, as the muscle activation is much higher as compare to medial deltoid.
International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2019
The purpose of the study was to develop a prediction model to forecast the outcome of pro kabaddi... more The purpose of the study was to develop a prediction model to forecast the outcome of pro kabaddi league matches. These probabilities can assist a coach, team captain or manager in considering a certain tactics for the other half. The data was collected from 2017 season of Pro Kabaddi League (PKL). A total data of 272 matches were recorded, out of which 32 matches were draw and therefore not included in the study. The dependent variable selected for this study was Match Outcome (Win/Loss). Raid Points, Tackle points, All Out Points and Extra Points were selected as the predictor variables. For the purpose of this study only the first half data was used and in statistical technique Binary Logistic regression was used to predict the outcome of a match (Win/Loss). The result indicates that the developed Logistic regression Model was significant. According to the statistical significance of the predictor variables, they were numerically weighted and can be used to predict the match outcome. All the predictor variables except Extra Points were included in the prediction model with coefficient of determination (R^2) of .203 (Cox & Snell) and .271 (Nagelkerke). The classification matrix shows that 68.8 % of match results were correctly classified by the model.
Keywords – Kabaddi, Pro Kabaddi League (PKL), prediction model, Win and Loss
International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2019
The purpose of the study was to develop a model to predict the outcome of ICC Cricket World Cup O... more The purpose of the study was to develop a model to predict the outcome of ICC Cricket World Cup ODI matches (Limited Overs) on the basis of first innings data. These probabilities can assist a team captain or management in considering a certain aggressive or defensive batting or bowling strategy for the next innings. The data was collected from last two world cup tournaments i.e. 2011 and 2015. Data of 98 matches were recorded, out of which 8 matches were not taken into consideration due to three reasons which were 1. Match Abandoned 2. Match Tied 3. Matches resolved by Duckworth Lewis Method. The dependent variable selected for this study was Match Outcome (Win/Loss). Team score, Total Wickets Lost, Toss, Runs Scored in Powerplay, Wickets lost in Powerplay, Team Run Rate and the Total number of Dot balls were selected as the predictor variables. For the purpose of this study only the first innings data was used and in statistical technique Binary Logistic regression was used to predict the outcome of a match (Win/Loss). It was found that the developed Logistic regression Model was significant. According to the statistical significance of the predictor variables, they were numerically weighted and can be used to predict the match outcome. Out of seven predictor variables, only the variable Team score was included in the prediction model with coefficient of determination (R2) of .272 (Cox & Snell) and .363 (Nagelkerke). 72.2 % of match results were correctly classified by the model.
Keywords: Cricket, ICC Cricket World Cup, Prediction model, Win and Loss
International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 2016
The purpose of the study was to analyze the muscles activation of Anterior Deltoid and Trapezius ... more The purpose of the study was to analyze the muscles activation of Anterior Deltoid and Trapezius muscles while performing three different variations of Front Raise (FR). Ten healthy men volunteers (age 22.5 ± 1.649 years) performed 5 repetitions of three different variations of Front Raise. Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. The three different variations of Front Raise (FR) were Prone Grip Front Raise (PGFR), Hammer Grip Front Raise (HGFR) and Supine Grip Front Raise (SGFR). Repeated measure ANOVA identified overall significant differences in both the muscles, while performing the three different variations of Front Raise (FR). LSD Post hoc test was performed to find where the differences exist. It was found that Anterior Deltoid muscle was more active while performing SGFR (1373 ±106.977) than PGFR (1169.5 ± 131.90) and HGFR (1269.0 ± 112.827). Also while performing the exercises, the anterior deltoid muscles was found to be more isolated in SGFR (964.10 ± 112.1) than PGFR (1040.90 ± 92.117) and HGFR (1036.90 ± 64.129), as with Supine Grip the activation of trapezius muscles was comparatively less. Supine Grip Front Raise is the most effective exercise for the Anterior Deltoid muscle activation as compared to other variations. Even SGFR can be performed for better isolation of anterior deltoid as the trapezius muscles show less activation in SGFR as compared to PGFR and HGFR.
Keywords: Electromyography, muscle activation, front raise, anterior deltoid and trapezius
International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 2015
This study aimed at muscles activation analysis of lower back (erector spinae) L1 Paraspinal and ... more This study aimed at muscles activation analysis of lower back (erector spinae) L1 Paraspinal and L5 Paraspinal muscles while performing two types of squats, i.e. front (full & half) and back (full & half) squats. Ten male weight lifters (21.6 ± 2.22 years) performed 1 repetition of four different squats. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was recorded with the help of biograph infinity software (EMG). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. The four different squats were back full squat (BFS), back half squat (BHS), front full squat (FFS) and front half squat (FHS). The results of the study reveal that no statistical differences were found in comparing the two types of squats (Back and Front). It means both the squats have a similar pattern of muscle activation in the lower back (erector spinae) with the same load.
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Erector Spinae, Front and Back Squat
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:Indian Premier League (IPL) is an Indian professional T20 league which has been played... more Background:Indian Premier League (IPL) is an Indian professional T20 league which has been played for the past 12 years. A huge amount of data is gathered and mined every year which could lead us to some interesting and hidden facts about factors which are responsible for a team to win the IPL trophy.Although the current form of athletes and team combinations play a key role in helping any team emerge victorious in IPL, this research analyzed a new parameter "Total Distance travelled by teams" and its effect on the Number of Home and Away wins.Methods: For five IPL seasons from 2015 to 2019 data was obtained regarding the miles every team clocked and their number of home and away wins.Conclusion:This study has shown that interstate travel by IPL teams during group stages of the tournament had adverse effects on their Total Number of Home and Away wins.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:This Research paper tells us about how effective a role Top 3 batsman plays in competi... more Background:This Research paper tells us about how effective a role Top 3 batsman plays in competitive cricket. Cricket has become one of the majorly-watched sport across the globe in recent years. Over the years the game of cricket has evolved drastically with changes in formats and also playing style and strategy. Winning a game of cricket depends on many factors like winning the toss, home advantage, player combination, team composition and, individuals' performance, this research paper takes into consideration the impact of the top 3 batsmen helping a team to score a big total (runs) in ODIs.Methods: The teams that have been selected for the study are the current top 5 ranked teams in ICC's latest ODI Rankings-England, India, New Zealand, South Africa and Australia ranked 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively, the number of times they have scored more than 300 runs and the contribution of Top 3 Batsman's.Conclusion. The study will act as valuable aid and help the team management to select the right combination of players at Top 3 in the playing XI to win the match. The contribution of Top 3 Batsman's had an impact on the match result, researchers have found that when team scoring more than 300, their team has won the match 80.7% of times.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background: The relationship between athletic peak performance and psychological training is well... more Background: The relationship between athletic peak performance and psychological training is well studied in various literatures on sports psychology. Insufficient awareness of the practical application of psychological skills training to athletes may not effective in handling psychological barriers. Methods: To encourage the benefit of sports players, a study may consist of all possible aspects of evaluation and a unique approach to address the psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, etc. The purpose of this article is to fill the gap in the field of sport psychology and to meet the demand of sports players. This presented guidelines and suggestions could be useful for the researchers to import knowledge of psychological skill training to improve the mental skills of adolescent footballers. Conclusion: The practical application involves a systematic approach applied in a progressive manner in terms of the type of skills, volume of training, working intensity, specific need, and its recovery pattern.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:Broadcast of women's sports plays a huge role in changing norms and stereotypes relate... more Background:Broadcast of women's sports plays a huge role in changing norms and stereotypes related to gender discrimination. The female athletes face circumstances wherein they have to tackle serious imbalances in sports broadcasts in the country.Methods: The study examines the change of women's sports broadcast through the use of questionnaires and interpreting them using the Chi-square test. The survey collected over 70 responses. It attempts to understand the increase or decrease of women's sports broadcasting and what are the scenarios that took place in various countries concerning women's sports broadcasts. The results showed the various responses to questions like how often do people watch women's sports to which 44% responded rarely.Conclusion: Interestingly, more than 89% of the people think that they believe women's sports are not getting sufficient coverage in India. Based on the responses collected, the general public believes that there has been an increase in the broadcast of women's sports in the last 10 years.
Background: The tourism industry needs a very minimal introduction pertaining to the growing popu... more Background: The tourism industry needs a very minimal introduction pertaining to the growing popularity and changing lifestyle of the people. It has boomed to the extent that most of the demographics of countries are now dependent on tourism. Sports tourism is one such part of tourism which is considered to be a niche sector, but with high potential and increased sports consumption, it is now recognized as a major growth sector in the sports industry. The objective of this paper is to understand the nuances of tourism especially inclined towards sports. The research has a greater inclination towards a very niche segment of sports tourism which is cricket tourism. With a growing number of events and people willing to travel across countries to support their favorites team or player has led to increased attention towards this sector with specialized sports tourism packages made for international world events. Cricket tourism which is at a very nascent stage but yet again has growth potential with the game being now played across a lot of countries. Methods: To generate information secondary data collection was used and facts and figures were studied to better understand the situation of cricket tourism and assess what IPL has brought to the table for the sports tourism Industr y.Conclusion: The paper focuses on Indian premier league a very prominent league structure in cricket and tries to understand how IPL helped fuel in the sports tourism growth with leanings for other emerging leagues in India. With thorough research on Indian premier league, a prominent league played in India the paper tries to throw light up upon its success and how it can help the other Indian leagues foster immaculate success following the footsteps of the IPL.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:In test cricket, most of the matches are one-sided and less competitive due to several... more Background:In test cricket, most of the matches are one-sided and less competitive due to several reasons. One of the major factors is the proportion of the luck component involved in this format of the game. The aim of this study was to examine how home advantage and winning the coin toss, which are non-performance-oriented factors, impact the final result of international test cricket matches.Methods: The sample for the study consisted of 680 international test matches played between the period of 1 st January 2001 and 31 st March 2020 amongst the top eight test teams, which were examined using descriptive statistics to investigate different team's win percentages when the odds were in their favour and when the odds were against them. Statistical program SPSS and Microsoft Excel were used to carry out the chi-square test of independence and the post-hoc test respectively for each team separately to check the significance of the impact of the venue and toss on the match result.Conclusion:The results indicated that home advantage has a significant impact on the outcome of a test match but toss does not give any considerable edge to the team winning it. From the results, it appears test cricket is driven with both luck as well as performance-oriented elements.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:Dropout in sports has always been an imperative issue in our country. This research ai... more Background:Dropout in sports has always been an imperative issue in our country. This research aimed to find what reasons motivated young athletes to dropout in sports. The participants of this research have played either in the district, state, or national tournaments at some point in their careers. The age (25.87, ±1.055) group of the participants in this research is between 18 to 30years. The most important reasons that lead to dropping were found to be an influence of parents or friends, had commitments other than sports, did not get enough recognition, skills did not improve, not as good as wanted to be and did not receive enough awards. Whereas reasons like the relationship between coach, did not like to compete, wanted to play another sport, and did not like the pressure played no role at all for the athletes to dropout in sports.Methods:Athletes were asked to fill up a set of questionnaires with possible dropout reasons and rate them from one to five which they believe played an important role in dropping out of sports.Conclusion:The data indicates that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors had an influence on an athlete to drop out. Reasons such as had other things to do, friends and parents no longer wanted me to compete, my skills did not improve, did not get enough recognition, did not receive enough awards and not as good as wanted to be are the foremost reasons for dropout. It also indicates that non sport reasons also played a major role in athletes to dropout.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background: The emergence of the domestic franchise based leagues has changed the structure of In... more Background: The emergence of the domestic franchise based leagues has changed the structure of Indian sports and how people view them. Franchises in leagues like the Indian Premier League and Indian Super League have been successful in creating a massive fan following and are able to get them to fill in their stadiums match after match. Fans are one of the most important stakeholders when it comes to franchises/clubs/teams as they are an essential source of revenue for every club or team. The main purpose of this research was to try and understand the factors that influence an individual to identify themselves as a fan of a certain team in the Indian sports sector i.e. Indian Premier League.Methods: A total of 86 subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique. A questionnaire consisting of questions pertaining to fan loyalty was used for the data collection. The research conducted was only restricted to the IPL as it is the only league that has been in existence for more than 5 years.Results:It was observed that 26.2% of the respondents supported Mumbai Indians (MI) and 26.1 % supported Chennai Super Kings (CSK). On the other hand, least support was for Kings XI Punjab (KXIP) i.e 2.9% only.The results also indicated that 76.8% fans have been following teams since the inception of the franchise which would interest franchises in other leagues as capturing them early could lead to retention and less cost spent on acquiring new fans later on.Conclusion: Factors influencing fan loyalty such as celebrity involvement, team performance, in-stadia experience and Star players were identified. The fan sector in Indian Sports is in its nascent stages presently and it will help the franchises in generating a significant amount of revenue if they can convert individuals into fans.
Background:Over the years Cricket has evolved as the most popular sport in India. The inception o... more Background:Over the years Cricket has evolved as the most popular sport in India. The inception of T20 Cricket has dramatically increased the number of spectators in the game. Therewithal Indian Premier League (IPL) has become the most popular and richest cricket league in the world with brand value at $6.7 billion in 2019. The total viewership of IPL has reached to 462 million in the 2019 season.To investigate the impact of Indian Premier League (IPL) on Test Cricket in India. Methods: This article is an attempt to find out any influence of IPL on Test cricket, popularity, and the importance of both the formats of the game using a questionnaire for the collection of data. Conclusion:The results indicated that the high induction of money and involvement of glamour in IPL has adversely affected the popularity of Test cricket and skills execution in the game. Also, there is a need to form adequate policies for the sustainable development of Test cricket and its declining popularity.
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health , 2020
Background:The objective of the study was to analyze the business of the Indian Premier League in... more Background:The objective of the study was to analyze the business of the Indian Premier League in every aspect and explain how different factors contribute to the development of this league. The paper also throws light on how franchises like Chennai Super Kings impact the overall business of Indian Premier League and vice versa. Methods: Sponsorships, broadcasting rights, individual team sponsors, ticketing sales, merchandising are the factors considered to study the Indian Premier League. Apart from this the MSD factor and the two-year ban are specifically considered to analyze the working of Chennai Super Kings as a franchise.Conclusion:The research indicates that a popular franchise like Chennai Super Kings has an effect on the performance of the Indian Premier League.
Background: Sport is covered with the messed up dreams of the individuals who faltered when they ... more Background: Sport is covered with the messed up dreams of the individuals who faltered when they generally should have been in charge of themselves and to be centered around the job needing to be done.The the study's main objective was to find out the difference between the psychological, physiological, and various psychomotor variables of pace and spin bowlers.To the best of the knowledge, none of the studies has dealt with the psycho-physiological, psychomotor, and psychological variables of bowlers in cricket.Methods:In psychological variables, it was emotional expressivity & state and trait anxiety scale; in physiological variables, it was heart rate & skin conductance; in psychomotor variables, it was reaction test, sustained attention, time movement anticipation, & sensomotor coordination (Vienna Test System.) and the bowling performance. Results:The studies results show that there was a significant difference in the three physiological variables of skin conductance, bowling performance, and heart rate; and the scores showed an upward trend for both the fast bowlers and spinners while facing three different kinds of batsmen(attacking, balance and defensive based on strike rate) while it was found that the mean scores of spinners were higher than pacers while facing attacking batsmen and balanced batsmen. In the psychomotor variables, only the Mean Motor Time was found to have significant difference and the spin bowlers had a higher mean than the pace bowlers. While there was no significant difference between the psychological variables of state and trait anxiety and Berkley's expressivity.Conclusion:This study may help coaches and trainees to train bowlers in the mental aspect as per the challenges of the game. When subjected to the simulated experimental protocol of super over, the spin bowlers compared to pace bowlers demonstrated more arousal while facing attacking batsmen followed by balanced and then defensive batsmen. How to cite this article: Mishra A, Acharya J, Bagchi A (2020): Analysis of psycho-phyiological and psychomotor ability in pace and spin bowlers in cricket, Ann Trop Med & Public Health; 23(S17): SP231760.
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2020
Background:This study was undertaken to develop a discriminant model for classifying cricketers b... more Background:This study was undertaken to develop a discriminant model for classifying cricketers based on selected anthropometric and physical variables.Methods: The sample was composed of 140 male cricketers (age: 24 ± 3.2) classified in two different groups (i.e. Batsmen n = 70 & Pace-Bowlers n = 70). A total of twelve variables (5 Anthropometric & 7 Physical Variables) were selected for the study.Results:The developed discriminant model for Batsmen & Pace-Bowlers have high log determinants. The developed discriminant function explains 53.14 % of the variation in the dependent variable by the discriminant model. The classification matrices developed by the model shows that overall 82.1 % of samples were correctly classified. Conclusion:The findings from this study indicate that pace-bowlers were found to be taller, have higher shoulder explosive strength and back strength than batsmen. Pace-bowlers require a higher level of fitness than batsmen. The effort that they put on a single delivery requires a higher level of strength in shoulder, leg and back muscles. Left-hand grip strength was much higher in batsmen than pace-bowlers; this may be due to the nature of the game as the top hand (left hand) is more dominating in batting (especially in vertical grounded strokes) than the bottom hand (right hand). How to cite this article: Bagchi A, Raizada S (2020): Development of the discriminant model for classifying criketers based on anthropometric and physical variable, Ann Trop Med & Public Health; 23(S17): SP231759.
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2019
Introduction: Cardiovascular endurance is the most important fitness component which shows the ef... more Introduction: Cardiovascular endurance is the most important fitness component which shows the efficiency of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen-rich blood to the working group of muscles. Improving the overall exercise capacity with cardiovascular endurance will increase life expectancy and significantly reduce the chances of several heart diseases. Correct measurement of such fitness component is very vital for all. Objective: To develop the norms for cardiovascular endurance test for Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years. Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has been done before for the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population. There is a paucity of literature on the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population. Materials and Method: For the purpose of the study a sample of 3845 male (19.97 ± 1.81 years) and 3393 female (20.11 ± 1.9 years) university students were selected for the study. Beep test was used for measuring cardiovascular endurance. Different statistical methods were opted for analysing the relationship between the variables, normalization and visualization of data and the development of norms. Results and Discussions: The results of the study shows that variables age and gender have a significant relationship with the results of the beep test. Although the R2 value is very less, the model developed by including both the variables was found to be significant. Norms were developed for the Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years. Applications: Norms are necessary to test, compare, analyze and evaluate one’s strengths and weaknesses. The norms will guide and direct the Indian youth about their cardiovascular fitness status. It will also help coaches and trainers to design a training plan accordingly. Conclusion: The developed norms for measuring cardiovascular endurance has a direct linear relationship with age and gender. Age has an inverse relationship with beep test performance. Due to the physiological differences, cardiovascular endurance for male participants was greater than the female participants. Keywords: Cardiovascular Endurance, Beep test, Age, Gender
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2019
Introduction: Pull-ups is one of the most popular and traditional exercises that involves one’s b... more Introduction: Pull-ups is one of the most popular and traditional exercises that involves one’s body weight which acts as a resistance against gravity. The exercise focuses mainly on upper back muscles (Latissimus Dorsi, Rhomboid), Posterior Deltoid and Biceps Brachii. Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effects of different hand positions (grips) on the Electromyographic (EMG) activity of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles during pullups. Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has analyzed the muscle activation of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles with the selected exercises. Materials and Method: Ten healthy men performed 1 repetition of six different grip pull-ups. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was recorded with the help of biograph infinity software (EMG). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. Results and Discussion: The results of the study shows that, in case of muscles activation in Biceps Brachii, all the exercises reveal significant differences with the Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups (SNG). Similarly, Prone Narrow Grip pull-ups showed a significant difference in Latissimus Dorsi with Prone wide Grip pull-ups and Prone Extreme wide Grip pull-ups, suggesting that other pull-ups exercises may be similarly effective in activating Latissimus Dorsi. Application: It will help the professional trainers and coaches to design a training schedule for all level of Athletes which may consist of different variations of pull-ups. Conclusion: Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups is the best exercise to activate the Biceps Brachii as compared to other pull-ups variations. Similarly, Prone Wide Grip pull-ups found to be a more effective exercise for the activation of upper back muscle - Latissimus Dorsi. Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Pull-Ups, Latissimus Dorsi and Biceps Brachii
The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model to predict the outcome of FIFA World Cup ... more The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model to predict the outcome of FIFA World Cup matches. It may help the team captain, coaches or managers to change the tactics accordingly for the second half of the match and it will also help coaches to prepare practice sessions according to this specificity and to be ready to control these variables in competition. statistical technique Binary Logistic regression was used to predict the outcome of a match (Win/Loss). The result indicates that the developed Logistic regression Model was significant. According to the statistical significance of the predictor variables, they were numerically weighted and can be used to predict the match outcome. The predictor variables such as half time score, attempts from free kick and shots taken were included in the prediction model with coefficient of determination (R2) of.223 (Cox & Snell) and .297 (Nagelkerke). The classification matrix shows that 69.6% of match results were correctly classified by the model.
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2017
Objective: To analyze the muscles activation of anterior and medial deltoid muscles while perform... more Objective: To analyze the muscles activation of anterior and medial deltoid muscles while performing two different grip variations in dumbbell shoulder press. Methodology: Ten healthy men volunteers (age = 20.9 ± 1.449 years) agreed to the test procedures and performed 5 repetitions of two different grip variation of dumbbell shoulder press. The exercises were Arnold Dumbbell Press (ADP) and Overhead Dumbbell Press (ODP). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used to record the muscles activation and for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. Results: Paired t – test was used to detect mean differences between the two variations of dumbbell shoulder press. It was found that Anterior and Medial Deltoid muscle was more active while performing ADP (AD-1346.4 ± 292.495; MD – 827.5 ± 146.426) as compare to ODP (AD - 1043.4 ± 141.299; MD – 725.4 ± 100.4). Also while performing both the exercises, the muscles activation of anterior deltoid was found to be much higher than Medial Deltoid. Conclusions: Arnold dumbbell press was more effective exercise for the activation of Anterior and Medial deltoid muscles as compare to the Overhead Dumbbell Press. Anterior deltoid acts as primary muscles while performing both the exercises, as the muscle activation is much higher as compare to medial deltoid.
International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2019
The purpose of the study was to develop a prediction model to forecast the outcome of pro kabaddi... more The purpose of the study was to develop a prediction model to forecast the outcome of pro kabaddi league matches. These probabilities can assist a coach, team captain or manager in considering a certain tactics for the other half. The data was collected from 2017 season of Pro Kabaddi League (PKL). A total data of 272 matches were recorded, out of which 32 matches were draw and therefore not included in the study. The dependent variable selected for this study was Match Outcome (Win/Loss). Raid Points, Tackle points, All Out Points and Extra Points were selected as the predictor variables. For the purpose of this study only the first half data was used and in statistical technique Binary Logistic regression was used to predict the outcome of a match (Win/Loss). The result indicates that the developed Logistic regression Model was significant. According to the statistical significance of the predictor variables, they were numerically weighted and can be used to predict the match outcome. All the predictor variables except Extra Points were included in the prediction model with coefficient of determination (R^2) of .203 (Cox & Snell) and .271 (Nagelkerke). The classification matrix shows that 68.8 % of match results were correctly classified by the model.
Keywords – Kabaddi, Pro Kabaddi League (PKL), prediction model, Win and Loss
International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 2019
The purpose of the study was to develop a model to predict the outcome of ICC Cricket World Cup O... more The purpose of the study was to develop a model to predict the outcome of ICC Cricket World Cup ODI matches (Limited Overs) on the basis of first innings data. These probabilities can assist a team captain or management in considering a certain aggressive or defensive batting or bowling strategy for the next innings. The data was collected from last two world cup tournaments i.e. 2011 and 2015. Data of 98 matches were recorded, out of which 8 matches were not taken into consideration due to three reasons which were 1. Match Abandoned 2. Match Tied 3. Matches resolved by Duckworth Lewis Method. The dependent variable selected for this study was Match Outcome (Win/Loss). Team score, Total Wickets Lost, Toss, Runs Scored in Powerplay, Wickets lost in Powerplay, Team Run Rate and the Total number of Dot balls were selected as the predictor variables. For the purpose of this study only the first innings data was used and in statistical technique Binary Logistic regression was used to predict the outcome of a match (Win/Loss). It was found that the developed Logistic regression Model was significant. According to the statistical significance of the predictor variables, they were numerically weighted and can be used to predict the match outcome. Out of seven predictor variables, only the variable Team score was included in the prediction model with coefficient of determination (R2) of .272 (Cox & Snell) and .363 (Nagelkerke). 72.2 % of match results were correctly classified by the model.
Keywords: Cricket, ICC Cricket World Cup, Prediction model, Win and Loss
International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 2016
The purpose of the study was to analyze the muscles activation of Anterior Deltoid and Trapezius ... more The purpose of the study was to analyze the muscles activation of Anterior Deltoid and Trapezius muscles while performing three different variations of Front Raise (FR). Ten healthy men volunteers (age 22.5 ± 1.649 years) performed 5 repetitions of three different variations of Front Raise. Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. The three different variations of Front Raise (FR) were Prone Grip Front Raise (PGFR), Hammer Grip Front Raise (HGFR) and Supine Grip Front Raise (SGFR). Repeated measure ANOVA identified overall significant differences in both the muscles, while performing the three different variations of Front Raise (FR). LSD Post hoc test was performed to find where the differences exist. It was found that Anterior Deltoid muscle was more active while performing SGFR (1373 ±106.977) than PGFR (1169.5 ± 131.90) and HGFR (1269.0 ± 112.827). Also while performing the exercises, the anterior deltoid muscles was found to be more isolated in SGFR (964.10 ± 112.1) than PGFR (1040.90 ± 92.117) and HGFR (1036.90 ± 64.129), as with Supine Grip the activation of trapezius muscles was comparatively less. Supine Grip Front Raise is the most effective exercise for the Anterior Deltoid muscle activation as compared to other variations. Even SGFR can be performed for better isolation of anterior deltoid as the trapezius muscles show less activation in SGFR as compared to PGFR and HGFR.
Keywords: Electromyography, muscle activation, front raise, anterior deltoid and trapezius
International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 2015
This study aimed at muscles activation analysis of lower back (erector spinae) L1 Paraspinal and ... more This study aimed at muscles activation analysis of lower back (erector spinae) L1 Paraspinal and L5 Paraspinal muscles while performing two types of squats, i.e. front (full & half) and back (full & half) squats. Ten male weight lifters (21.6 ± 2.22 years) performed 1 repetition of four different squats. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was recorded with the help of biograph infinity software (EMG). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction. The four different squats were back full squat (BFS), back half squat (BHS), front full squat (FFS) and front half squat (FHS). The results of the study reveal that no statistical differences were found in comparing the two types of squats (Back and Front). It means both the squats have a similar pattern of muscle activation in the lower back (erector spinae) with the same load.
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Erector Spinae, Front and Back Squat
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Papers by Amritashish Bagchi
exercise capacity with cardiovascular endurance will increase life expectancy and significantly reduce the chances of several heart diseases. Correct measurement of such fitness component is very vital for all.
Objective: To develop the norms for cardiovascular endurance test for Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years.
Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has been done before for the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population. There is a paucity of literature on the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population.
Materials and Method: For the purpose of the study a sample of 3845 male (19.97 ± 1.81 years) and 3393 female (20.11 ± 1.9 years) university students were selected for the study. Beep test was used for measuring
cardiovascular endurance. Different statistical methods were opted for analysing the relationship between the variables, normalization and visualization of data and the development of norms.
Results and Discussions: The results of the study shows that variables age and gender have a significant relationship with the results of the beep test. Although the R2 value is very less, the model developed by
including both the variables was found to be significant. Norms were developed for the Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years.
Applications: Norms are necessary to test, compare, analyze and evaluate one’s strengths and weaknesses. The norms will guide and direct the Indian youth about their cardiovascular fitness status. It will also help coaches and trainers to design a training plan accordingly.
Conclusion: The developed norms for measuring cardiovascular endurance has a direct linear relationship with age and gender. Age has an inverse relationship with beep test performance. Due to the physiological differences, cardiovascular endurance for male participants was greater than the female participants.
Keywords: Cardiovascular Endurance, Beep test, Age, Gender
Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effects of different hand positions (grips) on the Electromyographic (EMG) activity of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles during pullups.
Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has analyzed the muscle activation of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles with the selected exercises.
Materials and Method: Ten healthy men performed 1 repetition of six different grip pull-ups. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was recorded with the help of biograph infinity software (EMG). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction.
Results and Discussion: The results of the study shows that, in case of muscles activation in Biceps Brachii, all the exercises reveal significant differences with the Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups (SNG). Similarly, Prone Narrow Grip pull-ups showed a significant difference in Latissimus Dorsi with Prone wide Grip pull-ups and Prone Extreme wide Grip pull-ups, suggesting that other pull-ups exercises may be similarly effective in activating Latissimus Dorsi.
Application: It will help the professional trainers and coaches to design a training schedule for all level of Athletes which may consist of different variations of pull-ups.
Conclusion: Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups is the best exercise to activate the Biceps Brachii as compared to other pull-ups variations. Similarly, Prone Wide Grip pull-ups found to be a more effective exercise for the activation of upper back muscle - Latissimus Dorsi.
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Pull-Ups, Latissimus Dorsi and Biceps Brachii
Methodology: Ten healthy men volunteers (age = 20.9 ± 1.449 years) agreed to the test procedures and performed 5 repetitions of two different grip variation of dumbbell shoulder press. The exercises were Arnold Dumbbell Press (ADP) and Overhead Dumbbell Press (ODP). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used to record the muscles activation and for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction.
Results: Paired t – test was used to detect mean differences between the two variations of dumbbell shoulder press. It was found that Anterior and Medial Deltoid muscle was more active while performing ADP (AD-1346.4 ± 292.495; MD – 827.5 ± 146.426) as compare to ODP (AD - 1043.4 ± 141.299; MD – 725.4 ± 100.4). Also while performing both the exercises, the muscles activation of anterior deltoid was found to be much higher than Medial Deltoid.
Conclusions:
Arnold dumbbell press was more effective exercise for the activation of Anterior and Medial deltoid muscles as compare to the Overhead Dumbbell Press. Anterior deltoid acts as primary muscles while performing both the exercises, as the muscle activation is much higher as compare to medial deltoid.
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Dumbbell shoulder press, Anterior and Medial Deltoid
Keywords – Kabaddi, Pro Kabaddi League (PKL), prediction model, Win and Loss
Keywords: Cricket, ICC Cricket World Cup, Prediction model, Win and Loss
Keywords: Electromyography, muscle activation, front raise, anterior deltoid and trapezius
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Erector Spinae, Front and Back Squat
exercise capacity with cardiovascular endurance will increase life expectancy and significantly reduce the chances of several heart diseases. Correct measurement of such fitness component is very vital for all.
Objective: To develop the norms for cardiovascular endurance test for Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years.
Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has been done before for the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population. There is a paucity of literature on the development of the cardiovascular endurance test norms for the Indian population.
Materials and Method: For the purpose of the study a sample of 3845 male (19.97 ± 1.81 years) and 3393 female (20.11 ± 1.9 years) university students were selected for the study. Beep test was used for measuring
cardiovascular endurance. Different statistical methods were opted for analysing the relationship between the variables, normalization and visualization of data and the development of norms.
Results and Discussions: The results of the study shows that variables age and gender have a significant relationship with the results of the beep test. Although the R2 value is very less, the model developed by
including both the variables was found to be significant. Norms were developed for the Indian youth aged 18 – 25 years.
Applications: Norms are necessary to test, compare, analyze and evaluate one’s strengths and weaknesses. The norms will guide and direct the Indian youth about their cardiovascular fitness status. It will also help coaches and trainers to design a training plan accordingly.
Conclusion: The developed norms for measuring cardiovascular endurance has a direct linear relationship with age and gender. Age has an inverse relationship with beep test performance. Due to the physiological differences, cardiovascular endurance for male participants was greater than the female participants.
Keywords: Cardiovascular Endurance, Beep test, Age, Gender
Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effects of different hand positions (grips) on the Electromyographic (EMG) activity of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles during pullups.
Novelty: To the best of our knowledge none of the studies has analyzed the muscle activation of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) and Biceps Brachii (BB) muscles with the selected exercises.
Materials and Method: Ten healthy men performed 1 repetition of six different grip pull-ups. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was recorded with the help of biograph infinity software (EMG). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction.
Results and Discussion: The results of the study shows that, in case of muscles activation in Biceps Brachii, all the exercises reveal significant differences with the Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups (SNG). Similarly, Prone Narrow Grip pull-ups showed a significant difference in Latissimus Dorsi with Prone wide Grip pull-ups and Prone Extreme wide Grip pull-ups, suggesting that other pull-ups exercises may be similarly effective in activating Latissimus Dorsi.
Application: It will help the professional trainers and coaches to design a training schedule for all level of Athletes which may consist of different variations of pull-ups.
Conclusion: Supine Narrow Grip pull-ups is the best exercise to activate the Biceps Brachii as compared to other pull-ups variations. Similarly, Prone Wide Grip pull-ups found to be a more effective exercise for the activation of upper back muscle - Latissimus Dorsi.
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Pull-Ups, Latissimus Dorsi and Biceps Brachii
Methodology: Ten healthy men volunteers (age = 20.9 ± 1.449 years) agreed to the test procedures and performed 5 repetitions of two different grip variation of dumbbell shoulder press. The exercises were Arnold Dumbbell Press (ADP) and Overhead Dumbbell Press (ODP). Surface ElectroMyoGraphy (SEMG) was used to record the muscles activation and for measuring muscle electrical activity that occurs during muscle contraction.
Results: Paired t – test was used to detect mean differences between the two variations of dumbbell shoulder press. It was found that Anterior and Medial Deltoid muscle was more active while performing ADP (AD-1346.4 ± 292.495; MD – 827.5 ± 146.426) as compare to ODP (AD - 1043.4 ± 141.299; MD – 725.4 ± 100.4). Also while performing both the exercises, the muscles activation of anterior deltoid was found to be much higher than Medial Deltoid.
Conclusions:
Arnold dumbbell press was more effective exercise for the activation of Anterior and Medial deltoid muscles as compare to the Overhead Dumbbell Press. Anterior deltoid acts as primary muscles while performing both the exercises, as the muscle activation is much higher as compare to medial deltoid.
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Dumbbell shoulder press, Anterior and Medial Deltoid
Keywords – Kabaddi, Pro Kabaddi League (PKL), prediction model, Win and Loss
Keywords: Cricket, ICC Cricket World Cup, Prediction model, Win and Loss
Keywords: Electromyography, muscle activation, front raise, anterior deltoid and trapezius
Keywords: Electromyography, Muscle activation, Erector Spinae, Front and Back Squat