The study focused on investigating the contribution of reclamation strategies of saline-sodic soi... more The study focused on investigating the contribution of reclamation strategies of saline-sodic soils and their impacts on soil fertility characteristics. In this study, the soil treatments were denoted as: SG1 and SG2 (23.8 and 47.7 ton/ha of spent grain); TC1 and TC2 (23.8 and 47.6 ton/ha of compost); Azospirillium in inoculation with seed and soil (Az); Az + SG1 (Az+SG1); Az + TC1 (Az+TC1); mineral fertilizers (NPK); and control (CK). All treatments were mixed in pots with 30 kg soil. The results showed that reclamation with Az and SG2 treatments significantly affected soil pH, EC, and macronutrients. In contrast, no significant (P > 0.05) effects were found with the two compost levels and NPK treatments. The salt contents were maximal in the control treatment, while decreased with Az, SG2, and Az+SG treatments. However, SG2 application decreased the soluble Na+ concentrations in soil solution. The effect of organic and biological reclamations on chemical properties was in the f...
Aims: This field experiment aimed to investigate the effect of using foliar treatments and applyi... more Aims: This field experiment aimed to investigate the effect of using foliar treatments and applying different fertilizers on wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) growth, productivity, and soil fertility under arid conditions. Background: Agriculture is a critical socio-economic sector in Egypt, generating approximately 10 to 15% of the national gross domestic product. Abiotic stresses arising from climate change negate crop growth and yield, leading to food insecurity. Methods: Six treatments were carried out in the order: CK (control without amendment); NPK (mineral fertilizer: mineral fertilizers, 38 g/m2 of urea (46% of N), 10 g/m2 of calcium phosphate (45% of P2O5), 12 g/m2 of potassium sulfate (50% of K2O)); Azospirillum brasilense (Az), bacteria were soaked with the seeds for 4 hours before sowing and introduced three-time into the soil with irrigation water at 0.7 ml/m2; vermicompost (VC) applied to the soil (2.5 kg/m2); humic substances (0.5 ml/m2) for foliar inoculation (HS); HS + mi...
Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing proce... more Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing process, have recently used as soil amendment to improve soil fertility and plant production. In this work, treatments of 1% (T1) and 2% (T2) of spent grains, 1% (C1) and 2% (C2) of compost and mix of both sources (C1T1) were used and compared to the control for growing <em>Zea mays </em>L. on sandy soil under arid Mediterranean climate. Soils were previously incubated at 65% saturation capacity for a month. The most relevant soil physical and chemical parameters were analysed. Water holding capacity and soil organic matter (OM) increased significantly along the treatments with the highest values in T2. Soil pH decreased along the treatments and the lowest pH was in C1T1. Bicarbonate decreased by 69% in C1T1 comparing to control. Total nitrogen (TN) and available P varied significantly among all treatments and T2, C1T1 and C2 treatments increased 25, 17 and 11 folds in TN and 1.2,...
Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management sy... more Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management system due to its potential to soil nutrient retention, and increase water application efficiency "WAE" and sweet pepper productivity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of biochar and its combined effect on water application efficiency, water productivity, nitrogen concentration, and sweet pepper yield under sandy soil cultivation. Two field experiments were carried out during growing seasons 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of interaction of adding biochar and nitrogen fertilization stress (N) on water application efficiency, yield of sweet pepper (YSP), water productivity (WP) and vitamin C of sweet pepper. Three application rates of biochar (zero (control), 3.5, 7 and 10.5 ton ha) were used under three levels from nitrogen fertilization stress (100%, 80% and 60% N) under drip irrigation methods. The results revealed that increasing the application of biocha...
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of organic and biological... more Aims: The aim of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of organic and biological additives compared to mineral fertilizers on leaching characteristics of anions and cations, also to know more about the ability of these additives to make complexes with dissolved and toxic salts to decrease soil salinity. Background: Salt-affected soils comprise of saline and sodic soils which differ in origin, physico-chemical properties and the constraints to plant growth. Due to the presence of excess soluble salts (e.g. sodium (Na+) and chlorides (Cl-)). Methods: Ten treatments were established, including two levels of spent grain (environmental organic wastes from the beer industry), S1(10 g of spent grain / kg soil) and S2 ( 20 g of spent grain / kg soil); two levels of compost M1(10 g of compost / kg soil) and M2 ( 20 g of compost / kg soil); mixed M1 with S1 (M1S1); inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense (A1); inoculation A1 with S2 (A1S1); inoculation A1 with M1 (A1M1); 20:20...
Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO3-N is an important public h... more Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO3-N is an important public health concern and a major national environmental issue in Egypt. The objective of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of bio-spent grain and mineral fertilizers on levels of nitrate leaching and other forms of nitrogen contamination in agricultural wastewater for controlling nitrogen pollution and protecting groundwater safety. Spent grain organic wastes has no value and is available at no cost all year from the beer industry. Eight treatments were established, including spent grain (S2, 20 g kg soil); compost (M2, 20 g kg soil); mix compost with spent grain (M1S1); Azospirillium sp., inoculation (A1); inoculation A1 with S2, (A1S2); inoculation A1 with M2, (A1M2); nitrogen fertilizer (NF), and control (CK, no fertilizer). All treatments were mixed with 30 kg soil pots under greenhouse conditions, Zea mayz L. seeds were planted in the soil pots. The most relevant nitro...
Lower nitrogen use efficiency is major crop productivity limiting factor in semi-arid regions due... more Lower nitrogen use efficiency is major crop productivity limiting factor in semi-arid regions due to its poor organic contents in the soil; our research work is considered to optimize crop productivity by soil and plant chem-biological correction. This study designed and aimed to use soil inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the genus Azospirillum and foiler application by humic preparations ALCRI-CropHelp and ALCRI-CropHelp-M compared with control and NPK fertilizer under wheat plants in arid regions of Egypt. Experimental data showed that biological correction contributed to a significant increase in wheat yield in the arid regions. The specific results for Azospirillum, ALCRI-CropHelp, and ALCRI-CropHelp-M were significantly increased wheat grain yield on 256, 267, and 278 % relative to the control, respectively. Simultaneously, water use efficiency has increased by more than 2.5 times, compared with control and NPK treatments. This effect was achieved due to multiple effects on the metabolism of agricultural plants, and applications of ALCRI-CropHelp and ALCRI-CropHelp-M treatments revealed an increase in the biological yield, spike length, harvest index compared with control and NPK treatments. In conclusion, this study has shown that the ALCRI-CropHelp Az and ALCRI-CropHelp-M foliar applications significantly (P < 0.05) increased grain yield status, N, P, and K in plants, plant growth rate, and plant productivity under growing wheat plant in arid regions. We recommended these treatments for the enhancement of wheat plant productivity in arid regions.
Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management sy... more Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management system due to its potential to soil nutrient retention, and increase water application efficiency "WAE" and sweet pepper productivity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of biochar and its combined effect on water application efficiency, water productivity, nitrogen concentration, and sweet pepper yield under sandy soil cultivation. Two field experiments were carried out during growing seasons 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of interaction of adding biochar and nitrogen fertilization stress (N) on water application efficiency, yield of sweet pepper (YSP), water productivity (WP) and vitamin C of sweet pepper. Three application rates of biochar (zero (control), 3.5, 7 and 10.5 ton ha .-1) were used under three levels from nitrogen fertilization stress (100%, 80% and 60% N) under drip irrigation methods. The results revealed that increasing the application of biochar materials with 100% N fertilization treatments had a positive impact on WAE, YSP, WP and vitamin C of sweet pepper. The most effective level in this regard when plant were treated and adding 10.5 ton ha-1 of biochar as well as when plant were irrigated with 100 % and adding 10.5 ton ha-1 of biochar in both seasons of 2017 and 2018 respectively. A similar direction was observed with vitamin C content of sweet pepper compared with control treatments and irrigation with 80 % of without adding biochar. In addition, water productivity parameter was significantly improved by application of adding biochar with N-fertilization. In conclusion the biochar application was recommended for a potential soil amendment as its significantly increased yield, water productivity and vitamin C.
Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO 3-N is an important public ... more Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO 3-N is an important public health concern and a major national environmental issue in Egypt. The objective of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of bio-spent grain and mineral fertilizers on levels of nitrate leaching and other forms of nitrogen contamination in agricultural wastewater for controlling nitrogen pollution and protecting groundwater safety. Spent grain organic wastes has no value and is available at no cost all year from the beer industry. Eight treatments were established, including spent grain (S2, 20 g kg-1 soil); compost (M2, 20 g kg-1 soil); mix compost with spent grain (M1S1); Azospirillium sp., inoculation (A1); inoculation A1 with S2, (A1S2); inoculation A1 with M2, (A1M2); nitrogen fertilizer (NF), and control (CK, no fertilizer). All treatments were mixed with 30 kg soil pots under greenhouse conditions, Zea mayz L. seeds were planted in the soil pots. The most relevant nitrogen leaching forms were collected and analysed every month for four months. The soil drainage was collected under the pots by closed system. The bio-spent grain application effectively increased soil organic matter content, plant nutrients, germination rate, and reduced agricultural wastewater pollution. The Ca 2+ , K + and Na + cations in the leaching were not stable, but were present at high levels. Total N, NO 3-, NH 4 + and Cl-were significantly lower in S2, A1, and A1S2 treatments than in NF, M2 and control treatments. The agricultural wastewater in most menial fertilizer's treatments belonged to class III and IV in the Egyptian water standard, which defines water that is unsuitable for human consumption. Our health risk assessments showed that NO 3-N posed the greatest carcinogenic risk. Therefore, using A1S2 as bio-organic fertilizer reduces the risks of soluble NO 3-N in agricultural wastewater.
Agro-industrial wastes such as spent grain and compost, amended with Azospirillum brasilense in... more Agro-industrial wastes such as spent grain and compost, amended with Azospirillum brasilense inoculation seeds before sowing were studied as to their effect on soil properties, plant growth parameters, seeds yield and nutrients composition of corn (Zea mays Var. 352.) under greenhouse conditions for four months. Azospirillum, one of the plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), has been recently used as a biofertilizer in soil to increase soil nitrogen fixation, phosphate availability and reducing soil salinity. Spent grain a by-product from beer industries, has a negative value for environmental quality due to its accumulation as an industrial waste. It has been recently applied as an environment-friendly organic waste increasing total organic carbon (TOC) in soil to improve its nutrient status. In this study, treatments of 1% (T1) and 2% (T2) of spent grain, 1% (C1) and 2% (C2) of compost and mix of both sources (C1T1), Azospirillum inoculation for soil (A1), Azospirillum with C1 (A1C1), Azospirillum with T1 (A1T1) were used and compared to the control. Treatments were mixed with calcareous soil; analysis showed varying nutrients composition with compost and spent grain 33% and 75%, of OM respectively, while spent grain had the highest nitrogen. The spent grain applied at 25.5gkg- 1increased total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of corn. Azospirillum inoculation with organic wastes increased growth and seed yield significantly (P>0.05).The highest rate of spent grain with Azospirillum most effectively increased total organic carbon, macronutrients, growth parameters, and reduced soil Na+ concentration, being more effective than compost in improving properties of calcareous soil, and much non-expensive compared with compost or any chemical fertilizers.
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, 2016
Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing process, ... more Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing process, have recently used as soil amendment to improve soil fertility and plant production. In this worN, treatments of 1%(T1) and 2%(T2) of spent grains, 1%(C1) and 2%(C2) of compost and mix of both sources (C1T1) were used and compared to the control for growing Zea mays L. on sandy soil under arid Mediterranean climate. Soils were previously incubated at 65% saturation capacity for a month. The most relevant soil physical and chemical parameters were analysed. Water holding capacity and soil organic matter (OM) increased significantly along the treatments with the highest values in T2. Soil pH decreased along the treatments and the lowest pH was in C1T1. Bicarbonate decreased by 69% in C1T1 comparing to control. Total nitrogen (TN) and available P varied significantly among all treatments and T2, C1T1 and C2 treatments increased 25, 17 and 11 folds in TN and 1.2, 0.6 and 0.3 folds in P, respectively related to control. Available K showed the highest values in C1T1. Soil micronutrients increased significantly along all treatments with the highest values in T2. After corn germination, significant variation was observed in the velocity of germination coefficients (VGC) among all treatments in the order of C1T1> T2> T1> C2> C1> control. The highest records of final germination and germination index were in C1T1 and T2. The spent grains may compensate deficiencies of macro and micronutrients in newly reclaimed sandy soils without adverse effects to sustain crop production with a rider that excessive or continuous use need to be circumvented.
rewer’s spent grain represents approximately 85% of the by-products generated by the beer industr... more rewer’s spent grain represents approximately 85% of the by-products generated by the beer industry. It is acidic and rich in organic matter and nutrients. In Egypt, spent grain has no value and is available at no cost all year. Incubation and germination experiments were conducted to assess the potential of using spent grain and compost to increase soil fertility and squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) growth in a calcareous soil. Amendments were two rates of spent grain (13.5, 26.7 g kg−1), two rates of compost (24.7, 49.4 g kg−1), a blend of lowest rates of compost and spent grain and a control. Treatments were mixed with calcareous soil, placed in pots and incubated anaerobically under field conditions for one month. After incubation 15 squash seeds were planted in the soil pots. Highest rate of spent grain most effectively increased soil water holding capacity, organic matter, macronutrients, micronutrients, germination …
The study focused on investigating the contribution of reclamation strategies of saline-sodic soi... more The study focused on investigating the contribution of reclamation strategies of saline-sodic soils and their impacts on soil fertility characteristics. In this study, the soil treatments were denoted as: SG1 and SG2 (23.8 and 47.7 ton/ha of spent grain); TC1 and TC2 (23.8 and 47.6 ton/ha of compost); Azospirillium in inoculation with seed and soil (Az); Az + SG1 (Az+SG1); Az + TC1 (Az+TC1); mineral fertilizers (NPK); and control (CK). All treatments were mixed in pots with 30 kg soil. The results showed that reclamation with Az and SG2 treatments significantly affected soil pH, EC, and macronutrients. In contrast, no significant (P > 0.05) effects were found with the two compost levels and NPK treatments. The salt contents were maximal in the control treatment, while decreased with Az, SG2, and Az+SG treatments. However, SG2 application decreased the soluble Na+ concentrations in soil solution. The effect of organic and biological reclamations on chemical properties was in the f...
Aims: This field experiment aimed to investigate the effect of using foliar treatments and applyi... more Aims: This field experiment aimed to investigate the effect of using foliar treatments and applying different fertilizers on wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) growth, productivity, and soil fertility under arid conditions. Background: Agriculture is a critical socio-economic sector in Egypt, generating approximately 10 to 15% of the national gross domestic product. Abiotic stresses arising from climate change negate crop growth and yield, leading to food insecurity. Methods: Six treatments were carried out in the order: CK (control without amendment); NPK (mineral fertilizer: mineral fertilizers, 38 g/m2 of urea (46% of N), 10 g/m2 of calcium phosphate (45% of P2O5), 12 g/m2 of potassium sulfate (50% of K2O)); Azospirillum brasilense (Az), bacteria were soaked with the seeds for 4 hours before sowing and introduced three-time into the soil with irrigation water at 0.7 ml/m2; vermicompost (VC) applied to the soil (2.5 kg/m2); humic substances (0.5 ml/m2) for foliar inoculation (HS); HS + mi...
Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing proce... more Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing process, have recently used as soil amendment to improve soil fertility and plant production. In this work, treatments of 1% (T1) and 2% (T2) of spent grains, 1% (C1) and 2% (C2) of compost and mix of both sources (C1T1) were used and compared to the control for growing <em>Zea mays </em>L. on sandy soil under arid Mediterranean climate. Soils were previously incubated at 65% saturation capacity for a month. The most relevant soil physical and chemical parameters were analysed. Water holding capacity and soil organic matter (OM) increased significantly along the treatments with the highest values in T2. Soil pH decreased along the treatments and the lowest pH was in C1T1. Bicarbonate decreased by 69% in C1T1 comparing to control. Total nitrogen (TN) and available P varied significantly among all treatments and T2, C1T1 and C2 treatments increased 25, 17 and 11 folds in TN and 1.2,...
Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management sy... more Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management system due to its potential to soil nutrient retention, and increase water application efficiency "WAE" and sweet pepper productivity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of biochar and its combined effect on water application efficiency, water productivity, nitrogen concentration, and sweet pepper yield under sandy soil cultivation. Two field experiments were carried out during growing seasons 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of interaction of adding biochar and nitrogen fertilization stress (N) on water application efficiency, yield of sweet pepper (YSP), water productivity (WP) and vitamin C of sweet pepper. Three application rates of biochar (zero (control), 3.5, 7 and 10.5 ton ha) were used under three levels from nitrogen fertilization stress (100%, 80% and 60% N) under drip irrigation methods. The results revealed that increasing the application of biocha...
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of organic and biological... more Aims: The aim of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of organic and biological additives compared to mineral fertilizers on leaching characteristics of anions and cations, also to know more about the ability of these additives to make complexes with dissolved and toxic salts to decrease soil salinity. Background: Salt-affected soils comprise of saline and sodic soils which differ in origin, physico-chemical properties and the constraints to plant growth. Due to the presence of excess soluble salts (e.g. sodium (Na+) and chlorides (Cl-)). Methods: Ten treatments were established, including two levels of spent grain (environmental organic wastes from the beer industry), S1(10 g of spent grain / kg soil) and S2 ( 20 g of spent grain / kg soil); two levels of compost M1(10 g of compost / kg soil) and M2 ( 20 g of compost / kg soil); mixed M1 with S1 (M1S1); inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense (A1); inoculation A1 with S2 (A1S1); inoculation A1 with M1 (A1M1); 20:20...
Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO3-N is an important public h... more Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO3-N is an important public health concern and a major national environmental issue in Egypt. The objective of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of bio-spent grain and mineral fertilizers on levels of nitrate leaching and other forms of nitrogen contamination in agricultural wastewater for controlling nitrogen pollution and protecting groundwater safety. Spent grain organic wastes has no value and is available at no cost all year from the beer industry. Eight treatments were established, including spent grain (S2, 20 g kg soil); compost (M2, 20 g kg soil); mix compost with spent grain (M1S1); Azospirillium sp., inoculation (A1); inoculation A1 with S2, (A1S2); inoculation A1 with M2, (A1M2); nitrogen fertilizer (NF), and control (CK, no fertilizer). All treatments were mixed with 30 kg soil pots under greenhouse conditions, Zea mayz L. seeds were planted in the soil pots. The most relevant nitro...
Lower nitrogen use efficiency is major crop productivity limiting factor in semi-arid regions due... more Lower nitrogen use efficiency is major crop productivity limiting factor in semi-arid regions due to its poor organic contents in the soil; our research work is considered to optimize crop productivity by soil and plant chem-biological correction. This study designed and aimed to use soil inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the genus Azospirillum and foiler application by humic preparations ALCRI-CropHelp and ALCRI-CropHelp-M compared with control and NPK fertilizer under wheat plants in arid regions of Egypt. Experimental data showed that biological correction contributed to a significant increase in wheat yield in the arid regions. The specific results for Azospirillum, ALCRI-CropHelp, and ALCRI-CropHelp-M were significantly increased wheat grain yield on 256, 267, and 278 % relative to the control, respectively. Simultaneously, water use efficiency has increased by more than 2.5 times, compared with control and NPK treatments. This effect was achieved due to multiple effects on the metabolism of agricultural plants, and applications of ALCRI-CropHelp and ALCRI-CropHelp-M treatments revealed an increase in the biological yield, spike length, harvest index compared with control and NPK treatments. In conclusion, this study has shown that the ALCRI-CropHelp Az and ALCRI-CropHelp-M foliar applications significantly (P < 0.05) increased grain yield status, N, P, and K in plants, plant growth rate, and plant productivity under growing wheat plant in arid regions. We recommended these treatments for the enhancement of wheat plant productivity in arid regions.
Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management sy... more Many recent studies interest on biochar application as the soil amendment and water management system due to its potential to soil nutrient retention, and increase water application efficiency "WAE" and sweet pepper productivity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of biochar and its combined effect on water application efficiency, water productivity, nitrogen concentration, and sweet pepper yield under sandy soil cultivation. Two field experiments were carried out during growing seasons 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of interaction of adding biochar and nitrogen fertilization stress (N) on water application efficiency, yield of sweet pepper (YSP), water productivity (WP) and vitamin C of sweet pepper. Three application rates of biochar (zero (control), 3.5, 7 and 10.5 ton ha .-1) were used under three levels from nitrogen fertilization stress (100%, 80% and 60% N) under drip irrigation methods. The results revealed that increasing the application of biochar materials with 100% N fertilization treatments had a positive impact on WAE, YSP, WP and vitamin C of sweet pepper. The most effective level in this regard when plant were treated and adding 10.5 ton ha-1 of biochar as well as when plant were irrigated with 100 % and adding 10.5 ton ha-1 of biochar in both seasons of 2017 and 2018 respectively. A similar direction was observed with vitamin C content of sweet pepper compared with control treatments and irrigation with 80 % of without adding biochar. In addition, water productivity parameter was significantly improved by application of adding biochar with N-fertilization. In conclusion the biochar application was recommended for a potential soil amendment as its significantly increased yield, water productivity and vitamin C.
Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO 3-N is an important public ... more Protecting groundwater from nitrogen contamination such as soluble NO 3-N is an important public health concern and a major national environmental issue in Egypt. The objective of this study was to determine and monitor the influences of bio-spent grain and mineral fertilizers on levels of nitrate leaching and other forms of nitrogen contamination in agricultural wastewater for controlling nitrogen pollution and protecting groundwater safety. Spent grain organic wastes has no value and is available at no cost all year from the beer industry. Eight treatments were established, including spent grain (S2, 20 g kg-1 soil); compost (M2, 20 g kg-1 soil); mix compost with spent grain (M1S1); Azospirillium sp., inoculation (A1); inoculation A1 with S2, (A1S2); inoculation A1 with M2, (A1M2); nitrogen fertilizer (NF), and control (CK, no fertilizer). All treatments were mixed with 30 kg soil pots under greenhouse conditions, Zea mayz L. seeds were planted in the soil pots. The most relevant nitrogen leaching forms were collected and analysed every month for four months. The soil drainage was collected under the pots by closed system. The bio-spent grain application effectively increased soil organic matter content, plant nutrients, germination rate, and reduced agricultural wastewater pollution. The Ca 2+ , K + and Na + cations in the leaching were not stable, but were present at high levels. Total N, NO 3-, NH 4 + and Cl-were significantly lower in S2, A1, and A1S2 treatments than in NF, M2 and control treatments. The agricultural wastewater in most menial fertilizer's treatments belonged to class III and IV in the Egyptian water standard, which defines water that is unsuitable for human consumption. Our health risk assessments showed that NO 3-N posed the greatest carcinogenic risk. Therefore, using A1S2 as bio-organic fertilizer reduces the risks of soluble NO 3-N in agricultural wastewater.
Agro-industrial wastes such as spent grain and compost, amended with Azospirillum brasilense in... more Agro-industrial wastes such as spent grain and compost, amended with Azospirillum brasilense inoculation seeds before sowing were studied as to their effect on soil properties, plant growth parameters, seeds yield and nutrients composition of corn (Zea mays Var. 352.) under greenhouse conditions for four months. Azospirillum, one of the plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), has been recently used as a biofertilizer in soil to increase soil nitrogen fixation, phosphate availability and reducing soil salinity. Spent grain a by-product from beer industries, has a negative value for environmental quality due to its accumulation as an industrial waste. It has been recently applied as an environment-friendly organic waste increasing total organic carbon (TOC) in soil to improve its nutrient status. In this study, treatments of 1% (T1) and 2% (T2) of spent grain, 1% (C1) and 2% (C2) of compost and mix of both sources (C1T1), Azospirillum inoculation for soil (A1), Azospirillum with C1 (A1C1), Azospirillum with T1 (A1T1) were used and compared to the control. Treatments were mixed with calcareous soil; analysis showed varying nutrients composition with compost and spent grain 33% and 75%, of OM respectively, while spent grain had the highest nitrogen. The spent grain applied at 25.5gkg- 1increased total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of corn. Azospirillum inoculation with organic wastes increased growth and seed yield significantly (P>0.05).The highest rate of spent grain with Azospirillum most effectively increased total organic carbon, macronutrients, growth parameters, and reduced soil Na+ concentration, being more effective than compost in improving properties of calcareous soil, and much non-expensive compared with compost or any chemical fertilizers.
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, 2016
Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing process, ... more Environment-friendly organic wastes of Brewers' spent grain, a byproduct of the brewing process, have recently used as soil amendment to improve soil fertility and plant production. In this worN, treatments of 1%(T1) and 2%(T2) of spent grains, 1%(C1) and 2%(C2) of compost and mix of both sources (C1T1) were used and compared to the control for growing Zea mays L. on sandy soil under arid Mediterranean climate. Soils were previously incubated at 65% saturation capacity for a month. The most relevant soil physical and chemical parameters were analysed. Water holding capacity and soil organic matter (OM) increased significantly along the treatments with the highest values in T2. Soil pH decreased along the treatments and the lowest pH was in C1T1. Bicarbonate decreased by 69% in C1T1 comparing to control. Total nitrogen (TN) and available P varied significantly among all treatments and T2, C1T1 and C2 treatments increased 25, 17 and 11 folds in TN and 1.2, 0.6 and 0.3 folds in P, respectively related to control. Available K showed the highest values in C1T1. Soil micronutrients increased significantly along all treatments with the highest values in T2. After corn germination, significant variation was observed in the velocity of germination coefficients (VGC) among all treatments in the order of C1T1> T2> T1> C2> C1> control. The highest records of final germination and germination index were in C1T1 and T2. The spent grains may compensate deficiencies of macro and micronutrients in newly reclaimed sandy soils without adverse effects to sustain crop production with a rider that excessive or continuous use need to be circumvented.
rewer’s spent grain represents approximately 85% of the by-products generated by the beer industr... more rewer’s spent grain represents approximately 85% of the by-products generated by the beer industry. It is acidic and rich in organic matter and nutrients. In Egypt, spent grain has no value and is available at no cost all year. Incubation and germination experiments were conducted to assess the potential of using spent grain and compost to increase soil fertility and squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) growth in a calcareous soil. Amendments were two rates of spent grain (13.5, 26.7 g kg−1), two rates of compost (24.7, 49.4 g kg−1), a blend of lowest rates of compost and spent grain and a control. Treatments were mixed with calcareous soil, placed in pots and incubated anaerobically under field conditions for one month. After incubation 15 squash seeds were planted in the soil pots. Highest rate of spent grain most effectively increased soil water holding capacity, organic matter, macronutrients, micronutrients, germination …
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