Diplozoa

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Protozoa
Subregnum: Eozoa
Infraregnum: Excavata
Phylum: Metamonada
Subphylum: Trichozoa
Superclassis: Eopharyngia
Classis: Trepomonadea
Subclassis: Diplozoa
Ordines: Distomatida - Enteromonadida - Giardiida

Genus (incertae sedis): Gyromonas

Name

Diplozoa Hartmann & Chagas, 1910

synonyms or similar groups:

Distomata Klebs, 1892, Grassé, 1952

Distomatineae Senn, 1900

Distomatinae Lemmermann, 1914, Schoenichen, 1925

Diplomonadida Wenyon, 1926 emend. Brugerolle et al., 1975

Hexamitophyceae Silva, 1980

Trepomonadea Cavalier-Smith, 1993

References

• Adam, R.D. (2017). Diplomonadida. In: Archibald, J.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Slamovits, C. (Eds.) Handbook of the Protists. Springer, pp. 1-28. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_1-1
• Brugerolle, G. 1975. Etude ultrastructurale du genre Enteromonas da Fonseca (Zoomastigophorea) et révision de l'ordre des Diplomonadida Wenyon. Journal of Protozoology 22(4): 468–475. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1975.tb05211.x Reference page. 
• Cavalier-Smith, T. 2003. The excavate protozoan phyla Metamonada Grassé emend. (Anaeromonadea, Parabasalia, Carpediemonas, Eopharyngia) and Loukozoa emend. (Jakobea, Malawimonas): their evolutionary affinities and new higher taxa. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 1741–1758. DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02548-0 Reference page. 
• Cavalier-Smith T. 2003. Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa. European Journal of Protistology 39: 338–348. DOI: 10.1078/0932-4739-00002 Reference page. 
• Hartmann, M. & Chagas, C. 1910. Estudos sobre flajelados [Flagellaten-Studien]. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 2: 64–125. BHL Reference page. 
• Wenyon, C.M. 1926. Protozoology. A manual for medical men, veterinarians and zoologists. Vols 1–2. London: Baillière, Tindall & Cox. 1563 p. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.7465 (BHL: Vol. 1) PDF Vol. 1 PDF Vol. 2 Reference page. 

Alternative classifications

Vickerman in Margulis et al. (1990)

Vickerman, K., 1990. 14d. Phylum Zoomastigina, Class Diplomonadida. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, D.J. Chapman (ed.). Handbook of Protoctista. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston, p. 200-210. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [1].

Kingdom Protoctista

• Section III: Phyla with flagellated stages, but without complex sexual cycles
  • Phylum 14. Zoomastigina
    • Class Diplomonadida

Cavalier-Smith (1993)

From Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla

In Class Trepomonadea
Order Diplomonadida Wenyon, 1936 emend. Brugerolle, 1975 stat. nov.

David J. Patterson (1999)

From The Diversity of Eukaryotes

In Eukaryotes
Clade Diplomonads

Alastair G. B. Simpson (2003)

From Cytoskeletal organization, phylogenetic affinities and systematics in the contentious taxon Excavata (Eukaryota)

In Excavata, Fornicata, Eopharyngia
Clade Diplomonadida

Brugerolle & Lee, in Lee et al. (2002)

Brugerolle, G. & Lee, J.J. 2002 ["2000"]. Order Diplomonadida. In: Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. (eds.), An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists/Allen Press: Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 1125-1135, [2].

In “protozoa”, “flagellated protists”

• Order Diplomonadida Wenyon, 1926
  • Suborder Enteromonadina
    • Family Enteromonadidae
      • Genus Enteromonas da Fonseca
      • Genus Trimitus Alexeieff
      • Genus Caviomonas Nie, 1950
  • Suborder Diplomonadina
    • Family Hexamitidae
      • Subfamily Hexamitinae Kent, 1880
        • Genus Trepomonas Dujardin, 1841
        • Genus Trigonomonas Klebs, 1892
        • Genus Gyromonas Seligo
        • Genus Hexamita Dujardin, 1838
        • Genus Spironucleus Lavier
      • Subfamily Giardiinae Kulda & Nohynkova, 1978
        • Genus Octomitus Prowazek
        • Genus Syndyomita Lavier, 1936 [see Genus Octomitus Prowazek]
        • Genus Brugerolleia Desser, Hong & Sidell, 1993
        • Genus Giardia Kunstler

Adl et al. (2012)

• Adl, S.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Lane, C.E., Lukeš, J., Bass, D., Bowser, S.S., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Dunthorn, M., Hampl, V., Heiss, A., Hoppenrath, M., Lara, E., Le Gall, L., Lynn, D.H., McManus, H., Mitchell, E.A.D., Mozley-Stanridge, S.E., Parfrey, L.W., Pawlowski, J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Schoch, C.L., Smirnow, A. & Spiegel, F.W. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59(5): 429–514. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x . [Erratum: 60(3): 321. DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12033 .] Reference page. 

Eukaryota

• Excavata Cavalier-Smith 2002, emend. Simpson 2003
  • Metamonada Cavalier-Smith 1987 (= Metamonadina Grassé 1952), emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003
    • Fornicata Simpson 2003
      • Diplomonadida Wenyon 1926, emend. Brugerolle et al. 1975
        • Hexamitinae Kent 1880, emend. Brugerolle et al. 1975
          • Enteromonas, Hexamita, Spironucleus, Trepomonas, Trimitus
        • Giardiinae Kulda and Nohýnková 1978
          • Giardia, Octomitus