The Kastrouli Late Bronze settlement in Phocis province, central Greece, has been proved to have been an important center in the periphery of the Mycenaean palaces. It was reused at least partially and was cultivated until the 20th... more
The Kastrouli Late Bronze settlement in Phocis province, central Greece, has been proved to have been an important center in the periphery of the Mycenaean palaces. It was reused at least partially and was cultivated until the 20th century. The presence of a flat area off the Kastrouli hill and the seasonal flooding nowadays led to the present investigation, questioning the formation of an ancient lake or marsh/swamp. A methodological approach was applied combining the digital elevation model (DEM) and GIS of the wider and confined area, examining slopes between 0 and 5 degrees (0 and 8.75%), with electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) traverses of around 300 and 500 m, reaching a depth of 100 m. The ERT data were rapidly collected on profiles and provided a crosssectional (2D) plot. It was found that, in the area, there is a basin with a length of 100 m and a depth of around 40-50 m. The sedimentation process over the millennia has filled the basin, with the upper 5-6 m surface layers of the area having a low resistivity. The presence of two natural sinkholes with apparent engineered hydraulic works is noted to conform to drainage and produce a habitable environment, protecting the cultivated land and avoiding a swamp associated with health issues.
Research Interests: Prehistoric Archaeology, Limnology, Archaeological Science, Archaeological GIS, Archaeometry, and 15 moreWeb GIS, Environmental GIS, Aegean Prehistory (Archaeology), Archaeological Prospection, Great Lakes Archaeology, Limnology of tropical lakes, Archaeological Sciences, Minoan and Mycenaean Architecture and Urbanism, 2D and 3D geoelectrical resistivity imaging: Theory and field design, Mycenaean period, Geophysical prospection optimization in geological prospecting, Geophysical Surveying(ERT), Resistivity Method, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Resistivity Method Groundwater Exploration
Estimation of annual water balance is critical for water management and developmental planning in the area of Anthemountas river basin. In the framework of LIFE04/ENV/GR/000099 project and in continuance to prior projects in the area, the... more
Estimation of annual water balance is critical for water management and developmental
planning in the area of Anthemountas river basin. In the framework of
LIFE04/ENV/GR/000099 project and in continuance to prior projects in the area, the
average annual water balance was estimated using the annual precipitation and water
consumption. The statistic relationship between elevation and precipitation measured at
different stations in the greater area, was applied to the Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
(accuracy 20X20m) and the spatial distribution of annual precipitation is calculated for
the Anthemountas river basin. Consumption of underground water was analytically
calculated based on the different types of agricultural activities as annually reported by
the Ministry of Agriculture. The Domestic water consumption was also calculated.
Evaportranspiration is estimated analytically using two different methods (Thorthwaite’s
and Turk’s). Both methods gave similar results.
Moreover the spatial distribution of infiltration and runoff coefficients were calculated
taking into consideration the different geological features, since they determine the
maximum value of the infiltration coefficient, and the CORINE land coverage
classification assuming no infiltration at builded areas. All the above were calculated and
presented in raster format using the ESRI ArcGIS 9 environment.
The correlation between the negative water balance and the drop of the underground
water level, as this was pictured through underground water level measurements in the
past decade, was discussed and evaluated. To further understand the relationship
between the negative water balance and the spatial distribution of the underground
water level drop, the most consuming wells in the Anthemountas river basin are
distributed and categorized based on consumption estimates.
Future work should assess more precise land coverage dataset in order to produce
spatial distribution of evaportranspiration. At the same time, precise precipitation
datasets, that will be produced by the meteorological monitoring network, that is to be
established in the LIFE04/ENV/GR/000099 project framework, will provide more
accurate estimates of precipitation distribution. This will lead to the determination of
more accurate estimates for both infiltration and runoff in the basin. Data monitoring,
assessment and water balance estimation are valuable tools in a step-by-step
procedure towards the achievement of sustainable use of water in the river basin of
Anthemountas.
planning in the area of Anthemountas river basin. In the framework of
LIFE04/ENV/GR/000099 project and in continuance to prior projects in the area, the
average annual water balance was estimated using the annual precipitation and water
consumption. The statistic relationship between elevation and precipitation measured at
different stations in the greater area, was applied to the Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
(accuracy 20X20m) and the spatial distribution of annual precipitation is calculated for
the Anthemountas river basin. Consumption of underground water was analytically
calculated based on the different types of agricultural activities as annually reported by
the Ministry of Agriculture. The Domestic water consumption was also calculated.
Evaportranspiration is estimated analytically using two different methods (Thorthwaite’s
and Turk’s). Both methods gave similar results.
Moreover the spatial distribution of infiltration and runoff coefficients were calculated
taking into consideration the different geological features, since they determine the
maximum value of the infiltration coefficient, and the CORINE land coverage
classification assuming no infiltration at builded areas. All the above were calculated and
presented in raster format using the ESRI ArcGIS 9 environment.
The correlation between the negative water balance and the drop of the underground
water level, as this was pictured through underground water level measurements in the
past decade, was discussed and evaluated. To further understand the relationship
between the negative water balance and the spatial distribution of the underground
water level drop, the most consuming wells in the Anthemountas river basin are
distributed and categorized based on consumption estimates.
Future work should assess more precise land coverage dataset in order to produce
spatial distribution of evaportranspiration. At the same time, precise precipitation
datasets, that will be produced by the meteorological monitoring network, that is to be
established in the LIFE04/ENV/GR/000099 project framework, will provide more
accurate estimates of precipitation distribution. This will lead to the determination of
more accurate estimates for both infiltration and runoff in the basin. Data monitoring,
assessment and water balance estimation are valuable tools in a step-by-step
procedure towards the achievement of sustainable use of water in the river basin of
Anthemountas.
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Taal volcano (311 m in altitude) is located in The Philippines (14°N, 121°E) and since 1572 has erupted 33 times, causing more than 2,000 casualties during the most violent eruptions. In March 2010, the shallow structures in... more
ABSTRACT Taal volcano (311 m in altitude) is located in The Philippines (14°N, 121°E) and since 1572 has erupted 33 times, causing more than 2,000 casualties during the most violent eruptions. In March 2010, the shallow structures in areas where present-day surface activity takes place were investigated by DC resistivity surveys. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) lines were performed above the two identified hydrothermal areas located on the northern flank of the volcano and in the Main Crater, respectively. Due to rough topography, deep valleys, and dense vegetation, most measurements were collected using a remote method based on a laboratory-made equipment. This allowed retrieval of information down to a depth of 250 m. ERTs results detail the outlines of the two geothermal fields defined by previous self-potential, CO2 soil degassing, ground temperature, and magnetic mapping (Harada et al. Japan Acad Sci 81:261–266, 2005; Zlotnicki et al. Bull Volcanol 71:29–49, 2009a, Phys Chem Earth 34:294–408, 2009b). Hydrothermal fluids originate mainly from inside the northern part of the Main Crater at a depth greater than the bottom of the Crater Lake, and flow upward to the ground surface. Furthermore, water from the Main Crater Lake infiltrates inside the surrounding geological formations. The hydrothermal fluids, outlined by gas releases and high temperatures, cross the crater rim and interact with the northern geothermal field located outside the Main Crater.