Ceft

Memantine (MN), a NMDA blocker is well known for its protective effect against various neurodegenerative diseases. However, its role in improving motor function and regulation of neurotrophic factors in Huntington's disease (HD) has not been studied yet. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of MN against 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP), induced motor impairment, and alterations in the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in mice brain. Further, its role in mitochondrial function was assessed by measuring succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) immunoreactivity were studied to evaluate the role of MN on glial and neuronal function. Its effect on apoptosis was adjudged by studying the expression of apoptotic markers. MN restored motor functions with an associated up-regulation in neurotrophin expression. MN also enhanced brain SDH activity and decreased glutamate content. MN ameliorated striatal neuronal loss, reduced GFAP immunoreactivity, and exhibited protective effect against neuronal apoptosis. Data from the current study demonstrated that MN exerted neuroprotective effect against 3NP induced neuropathology. Restoration of motor function by MN might be through regulation of neurotrophin expression. MN can therefore be a useful therapeutic choice in the symptomatic management of HD.

Abdominal hernias in birds are often not clearly described. A 5-week-old female broiler was presented with a history of abdominal swelling for 3 days followed by sudden death. Herniation in avian species is very rare. Necropsy examination revealed a 5-6 cm sphere-shaped swelling on the right ventral abdomen. On incision of skin, a hernial sac (lined by peritoneal covering) comprising intestinal tract starting from duodenum till caecum was found protruding through an abnormal foramen (about 1-2 cm) of the abdominal muscle into the subcutaneous region of abdominal cavity. Mild congestion of intestinal serosa and mucosal haemorrhages (multifocal) were observed in the hernial sac. The part of pancreas involved in hernia showed multifocal hemorrhage. A cystic dilatation of the mesentery of size 1-2 cm with transparent serous fluid was observed. In the abdominal cavity, intestinal parts (colon and rectum), spleen, kidney and reproductive tract showed mild congestion. Histopathologically, ...

An experiment was conducted on broilers for a period of 6 weeks with one hundred and twenty eight commercial, straight run dayoldchicks to study the influence of dietary organic chromium on immunity towards IBD infection. The treatment group consisted of basal diets (T1), 250 (T2), 500 (T3) and 750 (T4) μg organic chromium per kg basal diet. Immunity against IBD was assessed by Quantitative agar gel precipitation test (QAGPT). The geometric mean titre (GMT) value were recorded high in birds supplemented with 500 μg organic chromium per kg diet (T3), followed by T2 and T4 groups. The mean titre values were recorded high in T3 and T4 groups, followed by T2 group. Control group recorded the lowest titre values. The results revealed that organic chromium supplementation significantly (P< 0.01) improved the QAGPT titre against IBD.

Deficiency of poultry meat and eggs in the country are 78.91% and 65.38 % respectively per person per year (FAO/APHCA, 2012; Saleque, 2010; Das et al., 2008). The commercial poultry sector has got an industrial shape within the period of 3 decades and becomes one of the leading enterprises contributing lot in national economic growth, followed by garments. Commercial broiler and layer farming have emerged during the last quarter of 20th century and then flourishes within short period. Expansion of poultry farming, both at commercial and domestic levels, is meant absolutely the expansion of modern chicken strains of layer and broiler. In addition to chicken, the other poultry species that traditionally rearing and kept by our rural poultry keepers are quail, geese, pigeon and guinea fowl. The growth, development and expansion of above mentioned species of specialized fowls are remained unchanged for decade after decade as because of a little or no attention has been paid to them. A study was carried out to determine the growth performance of Nandanam II turkeys under intensive systems of management in TANUVAS – RREC, Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu. A commercial breed of new strain turkey, Nandanam -II turkey was used. In this study, Birds were kept in an enclosed deep litter poultry house (intensive system) in TANUVAS –RREC Turkey unit from 0 to 8 weeks (brooder) and 9 to 16 weeks in grower shed and fed with turkey brooder and grower mash and supplement diets respectively. Parameters assessed in this study was hatch weight, body weight at 4 weeks intervals upto 16 th week, feed intake, feed conversion ratio were recorded. Results of feed intake and body weight showed a consistent increase with increase in age. Performance results showed that turkey had 50.51±0.41 gm, 391.71±4.60gm, 1289.75±15.84gm, 2235.15±16.43gm, 3209.42±34.73gm hatching weight, fourth week body weight, eighth week body weight, twelth week body weight, sixteenth week body weight, , respectively. It can be concluded that, the rearing of Nandanam -II turkey is possible under intensive system of rearing in the Pudukkottai district. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 12 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

Background: Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an economically important viral respiratory disease in poultry. Recently, re-emergence of Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) has been reported in several countries including India. The current study aimed to evaluate the poultry flocks of Tamil Nadu with circulating GaHV-1 and to elucidate the origin of the virus involved in the outbreak. Methods: In this study, a molecular based survey on the overall occurrence of natural cases of Infectious laryngo-tracheitis in poultry flocks from Tamil Nadu, India were performed. Pathological findings in respiratory and secondary lymphoid organs like caecal tonsils and harderian gland was carried out. The PCR technique targeting Infected Cell Protein-4 (ICP4) gene along with molecular characterization was performed. Result: The overall prevalence rate in the outbreak was 42.86% with highest incidence in layer flocks (62.85%) than the broiler flocks (22.85%). The highest susceptible age gro...