The work described in this paper focuses on the utilisation of silicon nanowires as the informati... more The work described in this paper focuses on the utilisation of silicon nanowires as the information storage element in flash-type memory devices. Silicon nanostructures have attracted attention due to interesting electrical and optical properties and their potential integration into electronic devices. A detailed investigation of the suitability of silicon nanowires as the charge storage medium in two-terminal non-volatile memory devices are presented in this report. The deposition of the silicon nanostructures was carried out at low temperatures (less than 400 °C) using a previously developed a novel method within our research group. Two-terminal non-volatile (2TNV) memory devices and metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures containing the silicon nanowires were fabricated and an in-depth study of their characteristics was carried out using current-voltage and capacitance techniques.
In this paper, an antenna with a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) configuration is demonstr... more In this paper, an antenna with a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) configuration is demonstrated for mm-wave 5G-based Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The two antenna elements are arranged next to each other to form a two-port antenna system such that significant field decorrelation is achieved. Moreover, a dielectric layer is backed by an eventual multiport system to amend and analyze the radiation characteristics. The overall size of the MIMO configuration is 14 mm × 20 mm, and the operation bandwidth achieves ranges from 16.7 to 25.4 GHz, considering the −10 dB criterion with a maximum isolation of more than −30 dB within the operating band. The peak gain offered by the antenna system is nearly 5.48 dB, and incorporating a dielectric layer provides an increase in the gain value to 8.47 dB. Within the operating band, more than 80% total efficiency is observed, and analysis shows several MIMO performance metrics with favorable characteristics. The compactness of the prop...
Polymeric insulators have replaced ceramic insulators due to their obvious properties like low su... more Polymeric insulators have replaced ceramic insulators due to their obvious properties like low surface energy, which exhibits good hydrophobic performance, low weight, etc. However, electric utilities have concerns about their long-term performance. In that context, the long-term performance of two different types of polymeric insulators are investigated in this study: thermoset Silicone rubber (SiR) and thermoplastic elastomeric (TPE). Multi-stress aging was performed in the different orientations of both types of polymeric insulators. During multi-stress aging, insulators are exposed to varied loads in both vertical and horizontal orientations, simulating actual service environmental conditions. Experiments were done in a chamber where different types of stresses were simulated, which resembles the weathering conditions of Hattar, Pakistan, which is one of the most polluted industrial zones. Both insulators were stressed in a chamber under the designed weathering conditions for tw...
Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy-intensive industries in the world. Most of the cos... more Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy-intensive industries in the world. Most of the cost of producing cement is accounted for in terms of fuel consumption and power expenditure. Thermal power plants are a significant contributor to electricity generation in countries such as Pakistan. They are, however, inherently inefficient, and environmentally unfriendly. In this paper, the authors investigated the possibility of delivering hybrid energy to Pakistani cement plants. Five cement plants—Askari Cement Plant, Wah (ACPW); Bestway Cement Plant, Kalar Kahar (BCPKK); Bestway Cement Plant, Farooqia (BCPF); Bestway Cement Plant, Hattar (BCPH); and DG Cement Plant, Chakwal (DGCPC)—were selected. The possibility of implementing the four off-grid hybrid energy models (HEMs) was investigated for the intended cement plants, using HOMER Pro software. A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was carried out, based on objectives including the net present cost (NPC), the levelized cost of...
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)
Transient stability affected by renewable energy sources integration due to reductions of system ... more Transient stability affected by renewable energy sources integration due to reductions of system inertia and uncertainties associated with the expected generation. The ability to manage relation between the available big data and transient stability assessment (TSA) enables fast and accurate monitoring of TSA to prepare the required actions for secure operation. This work aims to build a predictive model using Gaussian process regression for online TSA utilizing selected features. The critical fault clearing time (CCT) is used as TSA index. The selected features map the system dynamics to reduce the burden of data collection and the computation time. The required data were collected offline from power flow calculations at different operating conditions. Therefore, CCT was calculated using electromagnetic transientsimulation at each operating point by applying self-clearance three phase short circuit at prespecified locations. The features selection was implemented using the neighbor...
Enhanced bandwidth issues for 5G system are fruitfully resolved by organizing free space optics (... more Enhanced bandwidth issues for 5G system are fruitfully resolved by organizing free space optics (FSO) communication frameworks. The high bandwidth, the maximum number of channel transmission requirements, and high data rate have been boosted during the last years because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The online services and digital applications have increased pressure on installed optical network models. In addition, the optical networks with high capacity transmission produce nonlinear distortions, which degrade system efficiency. This paper presents a mixed FSO and fiber network to tackle the factors of nonlinearities and enrich the system capacity and range. Furthermore, the issues related to radio frequency, FSO pointing, and co-channel interference are considered in this work. The theoretical and simulation structures are validated using advanced measuring parameters, such as bit error rate (BER), peak to average power ratio (PAPR), cumulative distribution function (CDF), and outag...
The analysis for social networks, such as the socially connected Internet of Things, has shown a ... more The analysis for social networks, such as the socially connected Internet of Things, has shown a deep influence of intelligent information processing technology on industrial systems for Smart Cities. The goal of social media representation learning is to learn dense, low-dimensional, and continuous representations for multimodal data within social networks, facilitating many real-world applications. Since social media images are usually accompanied by rich metadata (e.g., textual descriptions, tags, groups, and submitted users), simply modeling the image is not effective to learn the comprehensive information from social media images. In this work, we treat the image and its textual description as multimodal content, and transform other metainformation into the links between contents (such as two images marked by the same tag or submitted by the same user). Based on the multimodal content and social links, we propose a Deep Attentive Multimodal Graph Embedding model named DAMGE for...
The optical bistability have been studied theoretically in a multi-mode optomechanical system wit... more The optical bistability have been studied theoretically in a multi-mode optomechanical system with two mechanical oscillators independently coupled to two cavities in addition to direct tunnel coupling between cavities. It is proved that the bistable behavior of mean intracavity photon number in the right cavity can be tuned by adjusting the strength of the pump laser beam driving the left cavity. And the mean intracavity photon number is relatively larger in the red sideband regime than that in the blue sideband regime. Moreover, we have shown that the double optical bistability of intracavity photon in the right cavity and the two steady-state positions of mechanical resonators can be observed when the control field power is increased to a critical value. Besides, the critical values for observing bistability and double bistability can be tuned by adjusting the coupling coefficient between two cavities and the coupling rates between cavities mode and mechanical mode.
Recently, micro-grids (MGs) have had a great impact on power system issues due to their clear env... more Recently, micro-grids (MGs) have had a great impact on power system issues due to their clear environmental and economic advantages. This paper proposes an equilibrium optimizer (EO) technique for solving the energy management problem of MGs incorporating energy storage devices concerning the emissions from renewable energy sources (RES) of MGs. Because of the imprecision and uncertainties related to the RESs, market prices, and forecast load demand, the optimization problem is described in a probabilistic manner using a 2m + 1 point estimation approach. Then, the EO approach is utilized for solving the probabilistic energy management (EM) problem. The EM problem is described according to the market policy on the basis of minimizing the total operating cost and emission from RESs through optimal settings of the power generated from distributed generators (DGs) and grids connected under the condition of satisfying the operational constraints of the system. The proposed EO is evaluate...
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a data communication technology that modulates the intensity... more Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a data communication technology that modulates the intensity of the light to transmit the information mostly by means of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). The data rate is mainly throttled by the limited bandwidth of the LEDs. To combat, Multi-carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) is a favorable technique for achieving higher data rates along with reduced Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and easy access to multi-users at the cost of slightly reduced compromised spectral efficiency and Multiple Access Interference (MAI). In this article, a multi-user VLC system is designed using a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) that eradicates the use of cyclic prefix due to the good orthogonality and time-frequency localization properties of wavelets. Moreover, the design also comprises suitable signature codes, which are generated by employing double orthogonality depending upon Walsh codes and Wavelet Packets. The proposed multi-user system is simulated ...
Now-a-days, signal processing remains an intensive challenging area of research. In fact, various... more Now-a-days, signal processing remains an intensive challenging area of research. In fact, various strategies have been suggested to address semi-supervised, feature selection and unlabeled samples challenges. The most frequent achievement was dedicated to exploit a single kind of feature/view from the original data. Recently, advanced techniques aimed to explore signals from different views and to, properly, integrate divergent kinds of interdependent features. In this paper, we propose a novel design of a multi-View Graph Embedding for features selection allowing a convenient integration of complementary weighted features. The proposed framework combines the singular properties of each feature space to accomplish a physically meaningful cooperative low-dimensional selection of input data. This allows us not only to perform a semi-supervised classification, but also to propagates narrow class information to unlabeled sample when only partial labeling knowledge is available. This pap...
Currently, Hyperspectral signal processing is a crucial area of research. Respectively, various t... more Currently, Hyperspectral signal processing is a crucial area of research. Respectively, various techniques have been investigated to apprehend features combination and multi-label classification issues. Indeed, significant consideration has been given to approaches supporting the use of a single type of features. Moreover, few efforts have been dedicated to model the multi-label aspect of hyperspectral pixels and to integrate simultaneously divergent kinds of interdependent features. In this paper, we propose a novel embedding multi-label learning approach integrating complementary weighted features. The proposed framework combines the singular statistical characteristics of each feature to accomplish a physically meaningful cooperative low-dimensional representation of extracted features. This will grant, in one hand, the refinement of classification process and the propagation of narrow class information to unlabeled sample, in the other hand, when only partial labeling knowledge ...
The work described in this paper focuses on the utilisation of silicon nanowires as the informati... more The work described in this paper focuses on the utilisation of silicon nanowires as the information storage element in flash-type memory devices. Silicon nanostructures have attracted attention due to interesting electrical and optical properties and their potential integration into electronic devices. A detailed investigation of the suitability of silicon nanowires as the charge storage medium in two-terminal non-volatile memory devices are presented in this report. The deposition of the silicon nanostructures was carried out at low temperatures (less than 400 °C) using a previously developed a novel method within our research group. Two-terminal non-volatile (2TNV) memory devices and metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures containing the silicon nanowires were fabricated and an in-depth study of their characteristics was carried out using current-voltage and capacitance techniques.
In this paper, an antenna with a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) configuration is demonstr... more In this paper, an antenna with a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) configuration is demonstrated for mm-wave 5G-based Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The two antenna elements are arranged next to each other to form a two-port antenna system such that significant field decorrelation is achieved. Moreover, a dielectric layer is backed by an eventual multiport system to amend and analyze the radiation characteristics. The overall size of the MIMO configuration is 14 mm × 20 mm, and the operation bandwidth achieves ranges from 16.7 to 25.4 GHz, considering the −10 dB criterion with a maximum isolation of more than −30 dB within the operating band. The peak gain offered by the antenna system is nearly 5.48 dB, and incorporating a dielectric layer provides an increase in the gain value to 8.47 dB. Within the operating band, more than 80% total efficiency is observed, and analysis shows several MIMO performance metrics with favorable characteristics. The compactness of the prop...
Polymeric insulators have replaced ceramic insulators due to their obvious properties like low su... more Polymeric insulators have replaced ceramic insulators due to their obvious properties like low surface energy, which exhibits good hydrophobic performance, low weight, etc. However, electric utilities have concerns about their long-term performance. In that context, the long-term performance of two different types of polymeric insulators are investigated in this study: thermoset Silicone rubber (SiR) and thermoplastic elastomeric (TPE). Multi-stress aging was performed in the different orientations of both types of polymeric insulators. During multi-stress aging, insulators are exposed to varied loads in both vertical and horizontal orientations, simulating actual service environmental conditions. Experiments were done in a chamber where different types of stresses were simulated, which resembles the weathering conditions of Hattar, Pakistan, which is one of the most polluted industrial zones. Both insulators were stressed in a chamber under the designed weathering conditions for tw...
Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy-intensive industries in the world. Most of the cos... more Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy-intensive industries in the world. Most of the cost of producing cement is accounted for in terms of fuel consumption and power expenditure. Thermal power plants are a significant contributor to electricity generation in countries such as Pakistan. They are, however, inherently inefficient, and environmentally unfriendly. In this paper, the authors investigated the possibility of delivering hybrid energy to Pakistani cement plants. Five cement plants—Askari Cement Plant, Wah (ACPW); Bestway Cement Plant, Kalar Kahar (BCPKK); Bestway Cement Plant, Farooqia (BCPF); Bestway Cement Plant, Hattar (BCPH); and DG Cement Plant, Chakwal (DGCPC)—were selected. The possibility of implementing the four off-grid hybrid energy models (HEMs) was investigated for the intended cement plants, using HOMER Pro software. A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was carried out, based on objectives including the net present cost (NPC), the levelized cost of...
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)
Transient stability affected by renewable energy sources integration due to reductions of system ... more Transient stability affected by renewable energy sources integration due to reductions of system inertia and uncertainties associated with the expected generation. The ability to manage relation between the available big data and transient stability assessment (TSA) enables fast and accurate monitoring of TSA to prepare the required actions for secure operation. This work aims to build a predictive model using Gaussian process regression for online TSA utilizing selected features. The critical fault clearing time (CCT) is used as TSA index. The selected features map the system dynamics to reduce the burden of data collection and the computation time. The required data were collected offline from power flow calculations at different operating conditions. Therefore, CCT was calculated using electromagnetic transientsimulation at each operating point by applying self-clearance three phase short circuit at prespecified locations. The features selection was implemented using the neighbor...
Enhanced bandwidth issues for 5G system are fruitfully resolved by organizing free space optics (... more Enhanced bandwidth issues for 5G system are fruitfully resolved by organizing free space optics (FSO) communication frameworks. The high bandwidth, the maximum number of channel transmission requirements, and high data rate have been boosted during the last years because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The online services and digital applications have increased pressure on installed optical network models. In addition, the optical networks with high capacity transmission produce nonlinear distortions, which degrade system efficiency. This paper presents a mixed FSO and fiber network to tackle the factors of nonlinearities and enrich the system capacity and range. Furthermore, the issues related to radio frequency, FSO pointing, and co-channel interference are considered in this work. The theoretical and simulation structures are validated using advanced measuring parameters, such as bit error rate (BER), peak to average power ratio (PAPR), cumulative distribution function (CDF), and outag...
The analysis for social networks, such as the socially connected Internet of Things, has shown a ... more The analysis for social networks, such as the socially connected Internet of Things, has shown a deep influence of intelligent information processing technology on industrial systems for Smart Cities. The goal of social media representation learning is to learn dense, low-dimensional, and continuous representations for multimodal data within social networks, facilitating many real-world applications. Since social media images are usually accompanied by rich metadata (e.g., textual descriptions, tags, groups, and submitted users), simply modeling the image is not effective to learn the comprehensive information from social media images. In this work, we treat the image and its textual description as multimodal content, and transform other metainformation into the links between contents (such as two images marked by the same tag or submitted by the same user). Based on the multimodal content and social links, we propose a Deep Attentive Multimodal Graph Embedding model named DAMGE for...
The optical bistability have been studied theoretically in a multi-mode optomechanical system wit... more The optical bistability have been studied theoretically in a multi-mode optomechanical system with two mechanical oscillators independently coupled to two cavities in addition to direct tunnel coupling between cavities. It is proved that the bistable behavior of mean intracavity photon number in the right cavity can be tuned by adjusting the strength of the pump laser beam driving the left cavity. And the mean intracavity photon number is relatively larger in the red sideband regime than that in the blue sideband regime. Moreover, we have shown that the double optical bistability of intracavity photon in the right cavity and the two steady-state positions of mechanical resonators can be observed when the control field power is increased to a critical value. Besides, the critical values for observing bistability and double bistability can be tuned by adjusting the coupling coefficient between two cavities and the coupling rates between cavities mode and mechanical mode.
Recently, micro-grids (MGs) have had a great impact on power system issues due to their clear env... more Recently, micro-grids (MGs) have had a great impact on power system issues due to their clear environmental and economic advantages. This paper proposes an equilibrium optimizer (EO) technique for solving the energy management problem of MGs incorporating energy storage devices concerning the emissions from renewable energy sources (RES) of MGs. Because of the imprecision and uncertainties related to the RESs, market prices, and forecast load demand, the optimization problem is described in a probabilistic manner using a 2m + 1 point estimation approach. Then, the EO approach is utilized for solving the probabilistic energy management (EM) problem. The EM problem is described according to the market policy on the basis of minimizing the total operating cost and emission from RESs through optimal settings of the power generated from distributed generators (DGs) and grids connected under the condition of satisfying the operational constraints of the system. The proposed EO is evaluate...
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a data communication technology that modulates the intensity... more Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a data communication technology that modulates the intensity of the light to transmit the information mostly by means of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). The data rate is mainly throttled by the limited bandwidth of the LEDs. To combat, Multi-carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) is a favorable technique for achieving higher data rates along with reduced Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and easy access to multi-users at the cost of slightly reduced compromised spectral efficiency and Multiple Access Interference (MAI). In this article, a multi-user VLC system is designed using a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) that eradicates the use of cyclic prefix due to the good orthogonality and time-frequency localization properties of wavelets. Moreover, the design also comprises suitable signature codes, which are generated by employing double orthogonality depending upon Walsh codes and Wavelet Packets. The proposed multi-user system is simulated ...
Now-a-days, signal processing remains an intensive challenging area of research. In fact, various... more Now-a-days, signal processing remains an intensive challenging area of research. In fact, various strategies have been suggested to address semi-supervised, feature selection and unlabeled samples challenges. The most frequent achievement was dedicated to exploit a single kind of feature/view from the original data. Recently, advanced techniques aimed to explore signals from different views and to, properly, integrate divergent kinds of interdependent features. In this paper, we propose a novel design of a multi-View Graph Embedding for features selection allowing a convenient integration of complementary weighted features. The proposed framework combines the singular properties of each feature space to accomplish a physically meaningful cooperative low-dimensional selection of input data. This allows us not only to perform a semi-supervised classification, but also to propagates narrow class information to unlabeled sample when only partial labeling knowledge is available. This pap...
Currently, Hyperspectral signal processing is a crucial area of research. Respectively, various t... more Currently, Hyperspectral signal processing is a crucial area of research. Respectively, various techniques have been investigated to apprehend features combination and multi-label classification issues. Indeed, significant consideration has been given to approaches supporting the use of a single type of features. Moreover, few efforts have been dedicated to model the multi-label aspect of hyperspectral pixels and to integrate simultaneously divergent kinds of interdependent features. In this paper, we propose a novel embedding multi-label learning approach integrating complementary weighted features. The proposed framework combines the singular statistical characteristics of each feature to accomplish a physically meaningful cooperative low-dimensional representation of extracted features. This will grant, in one hand, the refinement of classification process and the propagation of narrow class information to unlabeled sample, in the other hand, when only partial labeling knowledge ...
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Papers by Sattam Alotaibi