Papers (Journal Articles and Conference Papers) by Gabriela Campagnol
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When Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP) opened in 1968 its 74-meter free span was un-precedented. ... more When Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP) opened in 1968 its 74-meter free span was un-precedented. Designed by the Roman-born Brazilian architect Lina Bo Bardi (1914-1992) and constructed in collaboration with civil engineer and University of São Paulo professor José Car-los de Figueiredo Ferraz (1918-1994), the museum hovers above a 2100-square-meter belvedere on Avenida Paulista in the heart of the city. The concrete slabs that form the museum’s floors were suspended through the Ferraz Process, a patented technical innovation for prestressed con-crete developed by the engineer. Equally innovative was the architect’s approach to overseeing the project: Bo Bardi maintained close collaborative contact with the crews responsible for the construction and technical functions by transforming the construction office into a makeshift de-sign studio in which collaborative experimentation could take place on site. It was this experi-mentation, along what Zeuler Lima (2013) characterizes in his recent book on Bo Bardi as a pri-marily artisanal approach to construction labor practices that distinguish MASP as one of the twentieth century’s most idiosyncratic achievements in design and construction. Drawing upon construction documents, archival sources, and recent Portuguese and English-language scholar-ship on MASP, this paper traces the history of the museum from initial concept through construction, adjustments and recent renovations.
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The year 2014 marked the centenary of the birth of Roman-born Brazilian architect Lina Bo Bardi. ... more The year 2014 marked the centenary of the birth of Roman-born Brazilian architect Lina Bo Bardi. Among the best known of Lina’s many contributions to Brazilian modernism is Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP). Begun in 1957 and opened in 1968, MASP flouted European museological and museographical conventions, dissolving structural, temporal and hierarchical boundaries. Lina’s expressive architectonic forms and revolutionary exhibition scheme allowed the works in the MASP collection to literally stand on their own as objects liberated completely from chronological, connoisseurial and scholarly classification systems. Lina designed MASP to provoke ‘reactions of curiosity and investigation’ by redefining notions of space and form within and beyond the context of the museum as mausoleum, archive and treasury. This collaborative analysis examines the philosophical, theoretical, practical and formal elements of what John Cage purportedly characterized as ‘the architecture of freedom’. Toward that end, this article situates MASP and its collections within broader historical discourses of museum practice to reveal the transgressive genius of Lina’s architectural and museal gestures. We conclude with a discussion of current debates surrounding the conventionalization of MASP’s exhibition protocols, considered in the contexts of conservation and proposed changes to the structure and its immediate urban setting.
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Health Environments Research & Design Journal – HERD 8:1 (2014): 199-227., 2014
OBJECTIVE: This article discusses the use of positive distraction, an evidence-based design appro... more OBJECTIVE: This article discusses the use of positive distraction, an evidence-based design approach, in rehabilitation hospitals in Brazil through the work of João Filgueiras Lima (“Lelé”).
BACKGROUND: In many parts of the world architects may not formally incorporate theories of positive distraction and evidence-based design, but there are multiple international examples of health facility architects and designers that use nature, daylighting, art, and social interaction to enhance the healing experience. The work of the Brazilian architect João Filgueiras Lima is a particularly salient example. Lima has been a dominant figure in 20th and 21st century Brazilian architecture and the architect of several rehabilitation facilities.
METHODS: First positive distraction is defined as it relates to nature and art, and in the context of rehabilitation hospitals. Second, rehabilitation facilities are defined. The discussion then focuses on awareness of evidence-based design in Latin America. Next, Brazilian healthcare architecture is discussed along with the history of the Brazilian Sarah rehabilitation hospitals designed by Lelé and Lelé's role in the history of Brazilian architecture. Last we look at Lelé's use of positive distraction.
RESULTS: Despite Lelé's recognition in Brazil, his work has not gained much international exposure. Lelé played a critical role in the design of the Sarah facilities and served on the board of directors for the Technological Center of the Sarah Network (CTRS) in Brazil from 1992 to 2009. Based on our review of his work it was clear that Lelé used positive distraction as a tool for creating healing environments.
CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the lack of formal integration of evidence-based design in healthcare architecture in Latin America, many of its basic tenets have been incorporated in Brazilian rehabilitation hospitals. Lelé's projects are a clear example of this phenomenon and demonstrate an alignment between research and practitioner objectives. The presence of nature, art, and natural light in his rehabilitation hospitals serves as a model for evidence-based design in facilities throughout the world and presents an opportunity to measure the benefits of positive distraction on rehabilitation patient outcomes.
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Book Chapters by Gabriela Campagnol
Heritage Open Space in Transformation: Changing Attitudes (Cities, Design&Sustainability. The New Series/05, 2018
This chapter examines Lina Bo Bardi's interpretation of industrial archaeology as part of her "re... more This chapter examines Lina Bo Bardi's interpretation of industrial archaeology as part of her "restoration projects," which is considered here a precursor theory for the preservation of industrial buildings through adaptive reuse.
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O MASP de Lina Bo Bardi: Perspectivas Teóricas e Críticas. In: Concreto e Cristal: O Acervo do MA... more O MASP de Lina Bo Bardi: Perspectivas Teóricas e Críticas. In: Concreto e Cristal: O Acervo do MASP nos Cavaletes de Lina Bo Bardi Bardi [Concrete and crystal: MASP’s collection on Lina Bo Bardi’s easels], edited by Adriano Pedrosa and Luiza Proença, 76-83. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Cobogó. (in English and Portuguese)
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O MASP de Lina Bo Bardi: Perspectivas Teóricas e Críticas [Lina Bo Bardi's MASP: Theoretical and ... more O MASP de Lina Bo Bardi: Perspectivas Teóricas e Críticas [Lina Bo Bardi's MASP: Theoretical and Critical Perspectives]. In: Concreto e Cristal: O Acervo do MASP nos Cavaletes de Lina Bo Bardi Bardi [Concrete and crystal: MASP’s collection on Lina Bo Bardi’s easels], edited by Adriano Pedrosa and Luiza Proença, 76-83. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Cobogó. (in English and Portuguese)
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Dissertation and Thesis by Gabriela Campagnol
University of Sao Paulo - USP, 2008
This dissertation investigates the origins, development, and spatial organization - plan, archite... more This dissertation investigates the origins, development, and spatial organization - plan, architecture and collective spaces - of several sugar mills located in three traditional sugar regions in Brazil: Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, and Sao Paulo. The study also investigates other sugar settlements located in Cuba and United States. The comparative study in different sugar mills, attempts to discover common models and, on the other hand, distinguishing characteristics specific to each mill. The dissertation interrogates the influence of the sugar industry's action on the construction and planning of the territories in which the mills are located. To that end, the study analyzes the origins and development of those actions. Finally, the dissertation considers the more recent history of sugar mills reduction and elimination of residential provision and discusses questions specific to these aspects of industrial heritage.
Resumo em português
Estuda a emergência, características - implantação e arquitetura - e transformações do espaço organizado pela agroindústria do açúcar e do álcool para seus trabalhadores, através de levantamentos de campo em três regiões tradicionais de produção no Brasil: zona da mata de Pernambuco, norte fluminense e interior de São Paulo. Estuda e compara outros assentamentos constituídos em regiões produtoras de açúcar em Cuba e Estados Unidos. Realiza estudos comparativos em diferentes núcleos fabris com o intuito de verificar padrões e características específicas nos assentamentos açucareiros. Busca desvendar a ação do poder privado, no caso as usinas de açúcar, na construção do território. Paralelamente, analisa as origens dessa ação, a difusão da prática e o processo de desmonte e abandono que vem ocorrendo. Aborda, ainda, como conseqüência destas transformações, questões vinculadas ao patrimônio industrial.
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Investiga a configuração espacial - traçado, arquitetura e espaços coletivos - dos núcleos habita... more Investiga a configuração espacial - traçado, arquitetura e espaços coletivos - dos núcleos habitacionais criados por usinas de açúcar na região de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo, considerando as noções de habitat presentes, as tecnologias empregadas e o vocabulário formal utilizado, investigando possíveis contribuições para a conformação destes lugares e verificando a ocorrência de modelos padrões e de características específicas aos diferentes assentamentos. Aborda a emergência e desenvolvimento de usinas de açúcar e analisa as características formais de seus núcleos fabris e colônias agrícolas, observando as influências dos estilos arquitetônicos, as formas de acesso à habitação e as práticas patronais disciplinares. Investiga também as noções de habitat contidas na organização das moradias para os diversos trabalhadores permanentes e dos alojamentos para trabalhadores temporários, observando, conjuntamente, as transformações na forma e no uso dos núcleos habitacionais ao longo d...
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Papers by Gabriela Campagnol
A + U-Architecture and Urbanism
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BRILL eBooks, Oct 13, 2022
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11.03.10 -11.05.10 > , Pepper t he Walls with Lina Bo Bardi 's M use u Gabriela Campa gnol... more 11.03.10 -11.05.10 > , Pepper t he Walls with Lina Bo Bardi 's M use u Gabriela Campa gnol cam pagnol@gmail.com Assistant Professor TexasA&M Department. of Architecture W arer Presenter-Session 6] Abstra ct Bull ets : de Arte de Recent commercial initiatives atMASP -S3.o Paulo Art fVi uscmTI -have drawn the world's attention once again to the genius of Roman-born Brazilian architect Lina Bo Bardi. Designed in 1957, {vLASP flomed European museological and museographical cOlwentiaos. In the dissolution of structural, temporal anu hierarchical boundaries, Bardl's expressive architectonic fo rms and rcvolu ti omry exhibition sch emes allO\vcc! space to manifest as a substantive property. \'(Tithin the thickness of the space, paintings :lttached to glass stelae hovered in a state of veneration, as objects liberated completely from the tyranny of scholarly text. T his collaborative paper interrogates the intersections and interstices between the building as object and t...
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Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies, 2015
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Built Environment, 2017
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Papers (Journal Articles and Conference Papers) by Gabriela Campagnol
BACKGROUND: In many parts of the world architects may not formally incorporate theories of positive distraction and evidence-based design, but there are multiple international examples of health facility architects and designers that use nature, daylighting, art, and social interaction to enhance the healing experience. The work of the Brazilian architect João Filgueiras Lima is a particularly salient example. Lima has been a dominant figure in 20th and 21st century Brazilian architecture and the architect of several rehabilitation facilities.
METHODS: First positive distraction is defined as it relates to nature and art, and in the context of rehabilitation hospitals. Second, rehabilitation facilities are defined. The discussion then focuses on awareness of evidence-based design in Latin America. Next, Brazilian healthcare architecture is discussed along with the history of the Brazilian Sarah rehabilitation hospitals designed by Lelé and Lelé's role in the history of Brazilian architecture. Last we look at Lelé's use of positive distraction.
RESULTS: Despite Lelé's recognition in Brazil, his work has not gained much international exposure. Lelé played a critical role in the design of the Sarah facilities and served on the board of directors for the Technological Center of the Sarah Network (CTRS) in Brazil from 1992 to 2009. Based on our review of his work it was clear that Lelé used positive distraction as a tool for creating healing environments.
CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the lack of formal integration of evidence-based design in healthcare architecture in Latin America, many of its basic tenets have been incorporated in Brazilian rehabilitation hospitals. Lelé's projects are a clear example of this phenomenon and demonstrate an alignment between research and practitioner objectives. The presence of nature, art, and natural light in his rehabilitation hospitals serves as a model for evidence-based design in facilities throughout the world and presents an opportunity to measure the benefits of positive distraction on rehabilitation patient outcomes.
Book Chapters by Gabriela Campagnol
Dissertation and Thesis by Gabriela Campagnol
Resumo em português
Estuda a emergência, características - implantação e arquitetura - e transformações do espaço organizado pela agroindústria do açúcar e do álcool para seus trabalhadores, através de levantamentos de campo em três regiões tradicionais de produção no Brasil: zona da mata de Pernambuco, norte fluminense e interior de São Paulo. Estuda e compara outros assentamentos constituídos em regiões produtoras de açúcar em Cuba e Estados Unidos. Realiza estudos comparativos em diferentes núcleos fabris com o intuito de verificar padrões e características específicas nos assentamentos açucareiros. Busca desvendar a ação do poder privado, no caso as usinas de açúcar, na construção do território. Paralelamente, analisa as origens dessa ação, a difusão da prática e o processo de desmonte e abandono que vem ocorrendo. Aborda, ainda, como conseqüência destas transformações, questões vinculadas ao patrimônio industrial.
Papers by Gabriela Campagnol
BACKGROUND: In many parts of the world architects may not formally incorporate theories of positive distraction and evidence-based design, but there are multiple international examples of health facility architects and designers that use nature, daylighting, art, and social interaction to enhance the healing experience. The work of the Brazilian architect João Filgueiras Lima is a particularly salient example. Lima has been a dominant figure in 20th and 21st century Brazilian architecture and the architect of several rehabilitation facilities.
METHODS: First positive distraction is defined as it relates to nature and art, and in the context of rehabilitation hospitals. Second, rehabilitation facilities are defined. The discussion then focuses on awareness of evidence-based design in Latin America. Next, Brazilian healthcare architecture is discussed along with the history of the Brazilian Sarah rehabilitation hospitals designed by Lelé and Lelé's role in the history of Brazilian architecture. Last we look at Lelé's use of positive distraction.
RESULTS: Despite Lelé's recognition in Brazil, his work has not gained much international exposure. Lelé played a critical role in the design of the Sarah facilities and served on the board of directors for the Technological Center of the Sarah Network (CTRS) in Brazil from 1992 to 2009. Based on our review of his work it was clear that Lelé used positive distraction as a tool for creating healing environments.
CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the lack of formal integration of evidence-based design in healthcare architecture in Latin America, many of its basic tenets have been incorporated in Brazilian rehabilitation hospitals. Lelé's projects are a clear example of this phenomenon and demonstrate an alignment between research and practitioner objectives. The presence of nature, art, and natural light in his rehabilitation hospitals serves as a model for evidence-based design in facilities throughout the world and presents an opportunity to measure the benefits of positive distraction on rehabilitation patient outcomes.
Resumo em português
Estuda a emergência, características - implantação e arquitetura - e transformações do espaço organizado pela agroindústria do açúcar e do álcool para seus trabalhadores, através de levantamentos de campo em três regiões tradicionais de produção no Brasil: zona da mata de Pernambuco, norte fluminense e interior de São Paulo. Estuda e compara outros assentamentos constituídos em regiões produtoras de açúcar em Cuba e Estados Unidos. Realiza estudos comparativos em diferentes núcleos fabris com o intuito de verificar padrões e características específicas nos assentamentos açucareiros. Busca desvendar a ação do poder privado, no caso as usinas de açúcar, na construção do território. Paralelamente, analisa as origens dessa ação, a difusão da prática e o processo de desmonte e abandono que vem ocorrendo. Aborda, ainda, como conseqüência destas transformações, questões vinculadas ao patrimônio industrial.