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Released: 23-October-2024

TinkerPop 3.7.3 Downloads

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Gremlin Query Language

Gremlin is the graph traversal language of Apache TinkerPop. Gremlin is a functional, data-flow language that enables users to succinctly express complex traversals on (or queries of) their application's property graph. Every Gremlin traversal is composed of a sequence of (potentially nested) steps.



// What are the names of Gremlin's friends' friends?
g.V().has("name","gremlin").
  out("knows").out("knows").values("name")

// What are the names of projects that were created by two friends?
g.V().
  match(as("a").out("knows").as("b"),
    as("a").out("created").as("c"),
    as("b").out("created").as("c"),
    as("c").in("created").count().is(2)).
  select("c").by("name")


// What are the names of the managers in the
// management chain going from Gremlin to the CEO?
g.V().has("name","gremlin").
  repeat(in("manages")).until(has("title","ceo")).
  path().by("name")

// What is the distribution of job titles
// amongst Gremlin's collaborators?
g.V().has("name","gremlin").as("a").
  out("created").in("created").
  where(neq("a")).
  groupCount().by("title")

// Get a ranking of the most relevant products for Gremlin
// given his purchase history.
g.V().has("name","gremlin").out("bought").aggregate("stash").
  in("bought").out("bought").
  where(not(within("stash"))).
  groupCount().
  order(local).by(values,desc)

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Benefits & Use Cases

A graph is a structure composed of vertices and edges. Both vertices and edges can have an arbitrary number of key/value-pairs called properties. Vertices denote discrete objects such as a person, a place, or an event. Edges denote relationships between vertices. For instance, a person may know another person, have been involved in an event, and/or have recently been at a particular place.

If a user's domain is composed of a heterogeneous set of objects (vertices) that can be related to one another in a multitude of ways (edges), then a graph may be the right representation to use. In a graph, each vertex is seen as an atomic entity (not simply a "row in a table") that can be linked to any other vertex or have properties added or removed at will.

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How to use TinkerPop

Database Support

TinkerPop is widely supported by more than two dozen commercial and open source graph databases

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Languages and Tools

TinkerPop provides official language drivers for Java, Groovy, Python, .NET, and NodeJS with additional drivers provided through community contributions

There is a wide array of third-party managed tools and applications that are TinkerPop-compatible

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Getting Started

Start with tutorials

See documentation

Learn with Practical Gremlin

Explore common query patterns

Community

TinkerPop is an open source project that welcomes contributions

Discord

Twitter

Gremlin Users

Developers

GitHub

How to Contribute

TinkerPop Contributors

TinkerPop seeks contributors dedicated to the art of graph computing. TinkerPop contributors bring solid theoretical, development, testing, documentation, etc. skills to the group. These individuals contribute to TinkerPop beyond the ever-changing requirements of their day-to-day jobs and maintain responsibility for their contributions through time.