Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues... more Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues because of high spatial resolution. Image processing is extensively used to extract clinical data from imaging modalities. In the medical image processing field, the knee's cyst (especially Baker) segmentation is one of the novel research areas. There are different methods for image segmentation. In this paper, the mathematical operation of the watershed algorithm is utilized by MATLAB software based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the detection of Baker's cyst in the knee's joint MRI sagittal and axial T2-weighted images. The performance of this algorithm was investigated, and the results showed that in a short time Baker's cyst can be clearly extracted from original images in axial and sagittal planes. The marker-controlled watershed segmentation was able to detect Baker's cyst reliable and can save time and current cost, especially in the absence of specialists it can help us for the easier diagnosis of MRI pathologies.
BackgroundQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniq... more BackgroundQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that can measure the magnetic susceptibility of tissues, which can reflect their iron content. QSM has been used to detect iron accumulation in cortical and subcortical brain regions. However, its application in subcortical regions such as the basal ganglia, particularly the putamen, is rare in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Case presentation and literature reviewWe present the case of a 40-year-old male patient with ALS who underwent an MRI for QSM. We compared his QSM images with those of a control subject and performed a quantitative analysis of the magnetic susceptibility values in the putamen regions. We also reviewed the literature on previous QSM studies in ALS and summarized their methods and findings. Our QSM analysis revealed increased magnetic susceptibility values in the bilateral putamen of the ALS patient compared to controls, indicating iron overload....
Background: One of the most useful tools for identifying sleep disturbances is neuroimaging, espe... more Background: One of the most useful tools for identifying sleep disturbances is neuroimaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This review research was to look at the role of MRI findings in movement disorders and sleep disturbances. Methods: This review collects all MRI data on movement disorders and sleep disruptions. Between 2000 and 2022, PubMed and Google Scholar were utilized to find original English publications and reviews. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, around 100 publications were included. We only looked at research that explored MRI modality together with movement problems, sleep disorders, and brain area involvement. Most of the information focuses on movement irregularities and sleep interruptions. Results: Movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), neuromuscular diseases, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior movement disorder (RBD), cerebellar movement disorders, and brainstem movement disorders are assessed using MRI-based neuroimaging techniques. Some of the brain areas were associated with disorders in movement abnormalities and related sleep disturbances. This review found that many people with mobility disorders also have sleep problems. Some brain areas' malfunctions may cause motor and sleep issues. Conclusion: Neuroimaging helps us understand the sleep difficulties associated with movement disorders by examining the structural and functional implications of movement disorders and sleep disturbances.
Despite improvements in imaging and treatment approaches, brain metastases (BMs) continue to be t... more Despite improvements in imaging and treatment approaches, brain metastases (BMs) continue to be the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in about 20% of adult cancer patients. This research aimed to review the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical characteristics of BMs resulting from breast cancer (BC). A systematic review of original research articles published from January 2000 to June 2023. We selected studies that reported MRI findings of BMs in BC patients. We excluded reviews, case reports, books/book chapters, animal studies and irrelevant records. We identified 24 studies that included 1580 BC patients with BMs. T1-weighted (T1-w) (pre-and postcontrast), T2-weighted (T2-w), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2*-weighted (T2*-w) was used to measure the lesion size, shape and area. In other studies, advanced structural techniques including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) were used to more precisely and sensitively evaluate the pathological area. Furthermore, functional and metabolic techniques like functional MRI (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) have also been utilised. The MRI findings of BMs varied depending on the MRI technique, the BC subtype, the lesion size and shape, the presence of haemorrhage or necrosis and the comparison with other brain tumours. Some MRI findings were associated with prognosis, recurrence or cognitive impairment in BC patients with BMs. MRI detects, characterises and monitors BMs from BC. Findings vary by MRI technique, BC subtype, lesion characteristics and comparison with other brain tumours. More research should validate emerging MRI techniques, determine the clinical implications of findings and explore the underlying mechanisms and biology of BMs from BC. MRI is a valuable tool for diagnosis, targeted therapy and studying BC metastasis.
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology
Objective. This systematic review aims to synthesize and analyze the available literature on cent... more Objective. This systematic review aims to synthesize and analyze the available literature on central nervous system (CNS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in individuals who have received COVID-19 vaccinations. Our objective is to enhance understanding of potential neurological side effects, inform clinical practice, and guide future research on the neurological implications of COVID-19 vaccination. Methods. In this systematic review, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2020 to April 2023, using terms related to COVID-19 vaccination and CNS MRI findings. We evaluated the quality of the study, extracted relevant data, and included 89 eligible studies that covered various vaccines, demographics of patients, symptoms, and MRI findings to provide a thorough understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-related CNS problems. Results. We investigated CNS MRI findings following COVID-19 vaccination across various vaccine types. Common d...
Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish betwee... more Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues because of high spatial resolution. Image processing is extensively used to extract clinical data from imaging modalities. In the medical image processing field, the knee’s cyst (especially baker) segmentation is one of the novel research areas.Material and Method: There are different methods for image segmentation. In this paper, the mathematical operation of the watershed algorithm is utilized by MATLAB software based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the detection of baker’s cyst in the knee’s joint MRI sagittal and axial T2-weighted images.Results: The performance of this algorithm was investigated, and the results showed that in a short time baker’s cyst can be clearly extracted from original images in axial and sagittal planes.Conclusion: The marker-controlled watershed segmentation was able to detect baker’s cyst reliable and can save time and current ...
One of the most fundamental subjects in nanoscience and nanotechnology is structural analysis. We... more One of the most fundamental subjects in nanoscience and nanotechnology is structural analysis. We employed a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the manufactured Gd3+/13X/DOX/FA nanocomposite in this study. The size, dimensions, and morphology of nanocomposite materials were studied to ensure the uniformity and homogeneity of SEM images. This is the first study to look at segmented SEM images for fractal dimension (FD) and other statistical criteria, including average, maximum, minimum, skewness, and range for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanocomposite. The average of FD (FDavg), the standard deviation of FD (FDsd), and the lacunarity of FD (FDlac) fractal data analysis criteria were also employed. The findings show that particle sizes and shapes vary because the minimum-to-maximum range is not zero, and our data provide a reasonable range. This interpretation is further supported by an analysis of the nanocomposite’s SEM image. At first glance, the image seemed to be un...
Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly throughout the world Lun... more Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly throughout the world Lung is the primary organ which the COVID-19 virus affects and leads to pneumonia, an acute respiratory distress syndrome COVID-19 infects the lower respiratory system, and the lung's response to this infection is recruiting macrophages and monocytes leading to inflammation, this response causes widespread damage to the lung's airways Aim: The purpose of this study is to review studies of using low-dose radiation as a treatment for the inflammation of the tissue and pneumonia resulting from COVID-19 These studies were compared with the risk of developing lung cancer during performed dose for the treatment of COVID-19 in radiation therapy Materials and methods: Our study focused on in vitro, in vivo and clinical reports of using low-dose radiation for the treatment of inflammation, pneumonia and COVID-19 The risk of lung cancer resulting from suggested dose in these studies was also ...
Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish betwee... more Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues because of high spatial resolution. Image processing is extensively used to extract clinical data from imaging modalities. In the medical image processing field, the knee’s cyst (especially baker) segmentation is one of the novel research areas.Material and Method: There are different methods for image segmentation. In this paper, the mathematical operation of the watershed algorithm is utilized by MATLAB software based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the detection of baker’s cyst in the knee’s joint MRI sagittal and axial T2-weighted images.Results: The performance of this algorithm was investigated, and the results showed that in a short time baker’s cyst can be clearly extracted from original images in axial and sagittal planes.Conclusion: The marker-controlled watershed segmentation was able to detect baker’s cyst reliable and can save time and current ...
Background: Computed tomography (CT) is vastly applied in X-ray procedures because of its high qu... more Background: Computed tomography (CT) is vastly applied in X-ray procedures because of its high quality in detecting the anatomical structures of the body. However, it leads to an increase in patient dose, resulting in carcinogenesis. In the head and neck CT, the thyroid is the most important at-risk organ. The aim of this study was to estimate thyroid cancer risk in cervical CT with and without a bismuth shield. Materials and Methods: After obtaining permission from the authors, data related to the thyroid dose of patients undergoing cervical CT in the study by Santos et al (2019) were used, and then thyroid cancer risk was calculated for different ages at exposure in male and female patients using the biological effects of the ionizing radiation (BEIR) VII model. Results: Using bismuth shielding reduced thyroid dose by 37% and 39% in male and female phantoms, respectively. Thyroid cancer estimation demonstrated that the risk was nearly two-fold in females compared to males. Finally...
Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues... more Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues because of high spatial resolution. Image processing is extensively used to extract clinical data from imaging modalities. In the medical image processing field, the knee's cyst (especially Baker) segmentation is one of the novel research areas. There are different methods for image segmentation. In this paper, the mathematical operation of the watershed algorithm is utilized by MATLAB software based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the detection of Baker's cyst in the knee's joint MRI sagittal and axial T2-weighted images. The performance of this algorithm was investigated, and the results showed that in a short time Baker's cyst can be clearly extracted from original images in axial and sagittal planes. The marker-controlled watershed segmentation was able to detect Baker's cyst reliable and can save time and current cost, especially in the absence of specialists it can help us for the easier diagnosis of MRI pathologies.
BackgroundQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniq... more BackgroundQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that can measure the magnetic susceptibility of tissues, which can reflect their iron content. QSM has been used to detect iron accumulation in cortical and subcortical brain regions. However, its application in subcortical regions such as the basal ganglia, particularly the putamen, is rare in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Case presentation and literature reviewWe present the case of a 40-year-old male patient with ALS who underwent an MRI for QSM. We compared his QSM images with those of a control subject and performed a quantitative analysis of the magnetic susceptibility values in the putamen regions. We also reviewed the literature on previous QSM studies in ALS and summarized their methods and findings. Our QSM analysis revealed increased magnetic susceptibility values in the bilateral putamen of the ALS patient compared to controls, indicating iron overload....
Background: One of the most useful tools for identifying sleep disturbances is neuroimaging, espe... more Background: One of the most useful tools for identifying sleep disturbances is neuroimaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This review research was to look at the role of MRI findings in movement disorders and sleep disturbances. Methods: This review collects all MRI data on movement disorders and sleep disruptions. Between 2000 and 2022, PubMed and Google Scholar were utilized to find original English publications and reviews. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, around 100 publications were included. We only looked at research that explored MRI modality together with movement problems, sleep disorders, and brain area involvement. Most of the information focuses on movement irregularities and sleep interruptions. Results: Movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), neuromuscular diseases, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior movement disorder (RBD), cerebellar movement disorders, and brainstem movement disorders are assessed using MRI-based neuroimaging techniques. Some of the brain areas were associated with disorders in movement abnormalities and related sleep disturbances. This review found that many people with mobility disorders also have sleep problems. Some brain areas' malfunctions may cause motor and sleep issues. Conclusion: Neuroimaging helps us understand the sleep difficulties associated with movement disorders by examining the structural and functional implications of movement disorders and sleep disturbances.
Despite improvements in imaging and treatment approaches, brain metastases (BMs) continue to be t... more Despite improvements in imaging and treatment approaches, brain metastases (BMs) continue to be the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in about 20% of adult cancer patients. This research aimed to review the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical characteristics of BMs resulting from breast cancer (BC). A systematic review of original research articles published from January 2000 to June 2023. We selected studies that reported MRI findings of BMs in BC patients. We excluded reviews, case reports, books/book chapters, animal studies and irrelevant records. We identified 24 studies that included 1580 BC patients with BMs. T1-weighted (T1-w) (pre-and postcontrast), T2-weighted (T2-w), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2*-weighted (T2*-w) was used to measure the lesion size, shape and area. In other studies, advanced structural techniques including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) were used to more precisely and sensitively evaluate the pathological area. Furthermore, functional and metabolic techniques like functional MRI (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) have also been utilised. The MRI findings of BMs varied depending on the MRI technique, the BC subtype, the lesion size and shape, the presence of haemorrhage or necrosis and the comparison with other brain tumours. Some MRI findings were associated with prognosis, recurrence or cognitive impairment in BC patients with BMs. MRI detects, characterises and monitors BMs from BC. Findings vary by MRI technique, BC subtype, lesion characteristics and comparison with other brain tumours. More research should validate emerging MRI techniques, determine the clinical implications of findings and explore the underlying mechanisms and biology of BMs from BC. MRI is a valuable tool for diagnosis, targeted therapy and studying BC metastasis.
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology
Objective. This systematic review aims to synthesize and analyze the available literature on cent... more Objective. This systematic review aims to synthesize and analyze the available literature on central nervous system (CNS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in individuals who have received COVID-19 vaccinations. Our objective is to enhance understanding of potential neurological side effects, inform clinical practice, and guide future research on the neurological implications of COVID-19 vaccination. Methods. In this systematic review, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2020 to April 2023, using terms related to COVID-19 vaccination and CNS MRI findings. We evaluated the quality of the study, extracted relevant data, and included 89 eligible studies that covered various vaccines, demographics of patients, symptoms, and MRI findings to provide a thorough understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-related CNS problems. Results. We investigated CNS MRI findings following COVID-19 vaccination across various vaccine types. Common d...
Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish betwee... more Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues because of high spatial resolution. Image processing is extensively used to extract clinical data from imaging modalities. In the medical image processing field, the knee’s cyst (especially baker) segmentation is one of the novel research areas.Material and Method: There are different methods for image segmentation. In this paper, the mathematical operation of the watershed algorithm is utilized by MATLAB software based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the detection of baker’s cyst in the knee’s joint MRI sagittal and axial T2-weighted images.Results: The performance of this algorithm was investigated, and the results showed that in a short time baker’s cyst can be clearly extracted from original images in axial and sagittal planes.Conclusion: The marker-controlled watershed segmentation was able to detect baker’s cyst reliable and can save time and current ...
One of the most fundamental subjects in nanoscience and nanotechnology is structural analysis. We... more One of the most fundamental subjects in nanoscience and nanotechnology is structural analysis. We employed a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the manufactured Gd3+/13X/DOX/FA nanocomposite in this study. The size, dimensions, and morphology of nanocomposite materials were studied to ensure the uniformity and homogeneity of SEM images. This is the first study to look at segmented SEM images for fractal dimension (FD) and other statistical criteria, including average, maximum, minimum, skewness, and range for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanocomposite. The average of FD (FDavg), the standard deviation of FD (FDsd), and the lacunarity of FD (FDlac) fractal data analysis criteria were also employed. The findings show that particle sizes and shapes vary because the minimum-to-maximum range is not zero, and our data provide a reasonable range. This interpretation is further supported by an analysis of the nanocomposite’s SEM image. At first glance, the image seemed to be un...
Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly throughout the world Lun... more Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly throughout the world Lung is the primary organ which the COVID-19 virus affects and leads to pneumonia, an acute respiratory distress syndrome COVID-19 infects the lower respiratory system, and the lung's response to this infection is recruiting macrophages and monocytes leading to inflammation, this response causes widespread damage to the lung's airways Aim: The purpose of this study is to review studies of using low-dose radiation as a treatment for the inflammation of the tissue and pneumonia resulting from COVID-19 These studies were compared with the risk of developing lung cancer during performed dose for the treatment of COVID-19 in radiation therapy Materials and methods: Our study focused on in vitro, in vivo and clinical reports of using low-dose radiation for the treatment of inflammation, pneumonia and COVID-19 The risk of lung cancer resulting from suggested dose in these studies was also ...
Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish betwee... more Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues because of high spatial resolution. Image processing is extensively used to extract clinical data from imaging modalities. In the medical image processing field, the knee’s cyst (especially baker) segmentation is one of the novel research areas.Material and Method: There are different methods for image segmentation. In this paper, the mathematical operation of the watershed algorithm is utilized by MATLAB software based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the detection of baker’s cyst in the knee’s joint MRI sagittal and axial T2-weighted images.Results: The performance of this algorithm was investigated, and the results showed that in a short time baker’s cyst can be clearly extracted from original images in axial and sagittal planes.Conclusion: The marker-controlled watershed segmentation was able to detect baker’s cyst reliable and can save time and current ...
Background: Computed tomography (CT) is vastly applied in X-ray procedures because of its high qu... more Background: Computed tomography (CT) is vastly applied in X-ray procedures because of its high quality in detecting the anatomical structures of the body. However, it leads to an increase in patient dose, resulting in carcinogenesis. In the head and neck CT, the thyroid is the most important at-risk organ. The aim of this study was to estimate thyroid cancer risk in cervical CT with and without a bismuth shield. Materials and Methods: After obtaining permission from the authors, data related to the thyroid dose of patients undergoing cervical CT in the study by Santos et al (2019) were used, and then thyroid cancer risk was calculated for different ages at exposure in male and female patients using the biological effects of the ionizing radiation (BEIR) VII model. Results: Using bismuth shielding reduced thyroid dose by 37% and 39% in male and female phantoms, respectively. Thyroid cancer estimation demonstrated that the risk was nearly two-fold in females compared to males. Finally...
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Papers by Sadegh Ghaderi